CN112406108A - Method and system for generating support structure in 3D printing - Google Patents
Method and system for generating support structure in 3D printing Download PDFInfo
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- CN112406108A CN112406108A CN202011169205.4A CN202011169205A CN112406108A CN 112406108 A CN112406108 A CN 112406108A CN 202011169205 A CN202011169205 A CN 202011169205A CN 112406108 A CN112406108 A CN 112406108A
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- model
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/40—Structures for supporting 3D objects during manufacture and intended to be sacrificed after completion thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
Abstract
The method comprises the steps of obtaining a 3D model to be printed, adjusting a view field angle of the 3D printing to enable one side of the support structure to be generated to face a user, generating a two-dimensional projection of the model on a user observation plane, drawing or selecting a range based on the two-dimensional projection of the model on the observation plane by the user, projecting the two-dimensional range onto the 3D model by software, generating the support structure in the range, and completing the 3D printing according to the generated support. The scheme that this application provided is a semi-automatic support technique that adds, can improve the quality and the efficiency that add the support, reduces manpower, the time cost that adds the support, promotes the reliability of support, and usability reduces the waste of printing the resource.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of 3D printing, in particular to a method and a system for generating a supporting structure in 3D printing.
Background
The technical principle of 3D printing is that a three-dimensional model is layered firstly, then section information of each layer is obtained, and printing of a printed product is completed by using adhesive materials such as resin in a layer-by-layer printing mode.
Because 3D printing is to solidify the material layer by layer and superpose layer by layer, the upper structure of the model is generally required to be supported by the lower part in principle, therefore, if some parts of the printed part are suspended, a support part is usually required to be designed to support the suspended part of the printed part, and the common support method at present is to manually add the support and automatically add the support by using intelligent software.
Disclosure of Invention
To overcome the problems in the related art, the present application provides a method and system for generating a support structure in 3D printing.
A first aspect of the present application provides a method for generating a support structure in 3D printing, comprising: acquiring a 3D model to be printed; obtaining a range of a support structure to be generated on the 3D model; generating a support structure within the range using a preset algorithm; completing 3D printing according to the generated support.
In the above method, the step of obtaining the range of the support structure to be generated on the 3D model includes: obtaining a projection of the 3D model on a user viewing plane; obtaining the range of the support structure to be generated drawn in the projection range of the user on the observation plane; and projecting the range to the surface of the 3D model to obtain the range of the support structure to be generated on the 3D model.
Wherein obtaining a projection of the 3D model onto a user viewing plane comprises: and adjusting the observation angle of the 3D model, and enabling one side of the 3D model, which is to be generated into the support structure, to face a user.
In the above method, the obtaining a range of the support structure to be generated on the 3D model includes: obtaining a range of a support structure to be generated on the 3D model, which is specified by a user; alternatively, user-specified ranges are excluded in which no support structure is generated on the 3D model.
The range of the support structure to be generated on the 3D model comprises: an enclosed region; alternatively, a plurality of mutually independent closure zones.
The obtaining of the range of the support structure to be generated on the 3D model comprises: acquiring a user instruction, and judging whether the defined range is a closed area; if not, calculating the closed area according to the range defined by the user.
Wherein the excluding of the user-specified extent of not generating a support structure on the 3D model comprises: obtaining a projection of the 3D model on a user viewing plane; obtaining a range specified by a user in the projection of the observation plane; and projecting the closed area in the observation plane projection after the range specified by the user is deleted to a 3D model.
A second aspect of the application provides a system for generating a support structure in 3D printing, comprising:
a processor; and
a memory having executable code stored thereon, which when executed by the processor, causes the processor to perform the method as described above.
A third aspect of the application provides a non-transitory machine-readable storage medium having stored thereon executable code which, when executed by a processor of an electronic device, causes the processor to perform a method as described above.
Compared with the prior art, the range of drawing the two-dimensional supporting structure is appointed by the user, the problem that the support automatically generated according to the parameters is lack or redundant is greatly reduced, the support range can be randomly changed according to the requirement of the user, the support range in discontinuous and hollow shapes is generated, the range of the two-dimensional supporting structure is projected to the surface of the 3D model, the 3D range is calculated, the support is generated according to the 3D range, the 3D printing is completed, the manual repeated work is reduced, and the work efficiency is improved. The method and the device combine automatic support and manual support, further improve the efficiency of the 3D printing method, guarantee the effectiveness of adding the support, improve the support quality and reduce the waste of resources.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a method for generating a support structure in 3D printing according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a 3D model of an automatically added support structure shown in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 illustrates a 3D model according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a 3D model of a tank shown in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 illustrates a user rendering a continuous two-dimensional range of 3D models in accordance with an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a user-rendered 3D model of a discontinuous two-dimensional range as shown in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a two-dimensional range graphic projected onto a 3D model according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 8 is a user-specified 3D range support profile of an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 9 is a graph of an automatically generated 3D range support profile as shown in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 10 illustrates a 3D model of a support structure generated for a user-specified range in accordance with an embodiment of the present application.
In the figure: S1-3D model, S2-tray plane, S5-user drawn two-dimensional range, S6-screen, S7-user specified 3D range, S8-support, S10-support distribution parameter points.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present application will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While the preferred embodiments of the present application are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present application may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used in this application and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
It should be understood that although the terms "first," "second," "third," etc. may be used herein to describe various information, these information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one type of information from another. For example, first information may also be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information, without departing from the scope of the present application. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.
The 3D printing technology can process parts with any complex shapes, but the characteristic of layer-by-layer stacking determines that the prototype has to be supported in the forming process to play a role in fixing the prototype. As shown in fig. 2, the supporting structure is generated along with the layer-by-layer exposure forming of the to-be-printed piece, and plays a role in supporting the cube printed piece shown in fig. 2, so that the situation that the part of the printed piece is suspended and collapses or deforms in the printing process to influence the forming precision of the prototype of the part, and even the part cannot be formed, is prevented.
The embodiment of the application provides a method for generating a supporting structure in 3D printing, which can improve the efficiency of 3D printing, improve the supporting quality and reduce the waste of resources.
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for generating a support structure in 3D printing according to an embodiment of the present application, where the flow chart includes the following steps:
s101, acquiring a 3D model to be printed.
As shown in fig. 3, the 3D model to be printed is acquired S1, and specifically, the user instruction is acquired, and the 3D model to be printed is loaded S1, and S2 is expressed as a tray plane, i.e., a plane to which the 3D model is pasted after being cured. To complete this printing of the 3D model S1, a support S8 is added before printing to prevent the 3D model S1 from partially falling out of the plane of the tray during printing, thereby causing printing failures.
S102: adjusting the observation angle of 3D printing to enable one side of the support structure to be generated to face a user; such that the user views the 3D printed model in the direction of the generated support.
Specifically, the user views the 3D model S1 in the direction of adding support, and determines the extent to which the 3D model S1 adds support structure. And (3) rotating and adjusting the 3D model S1 to an optimal angle by acquiring a user instruction, and adjusting the observation angle to enable one side of the 3D model S1, which is to be provided with the support structure, to face the user so that the user can determine the support range to be added to the 3D model S1.
For example, as shown in fig. 4, a 3D model of a tank to be printed by a user is acquired, the 3D printed model is made to look beautiful, and the surface to which the support structure is added is the tank lower side which is the direction toward the tray when performing 3D printing. And acquiring a user instruction, and upwards adjusting the observation angle to enable the surface of the support structure to be generated to face the user, namely the angle of the user observing the model from the tray.
S103: generating a two-dimensional projection of the model on an observation plane; from a computer perspective the user sees through the screen a 3D model, which is a two-dimensional image.
The 3D model S1 generates a two-dimensional projection on the viewing plane, and in particular, obtains the two-dimensional projection range of the 3D model on the support plane by using some existing algorithms. For example: the two-dimensional projection drawing of the three-dimensional model can be generated by using the contour image drawing, setting a view, setting a graphic command, extracting a projection contour line of the three-dimensional model and carrying out appropriate editing operation.
And S104, obtaining the support range to be added drawn or selected by the user.
Through the two-dimensional projection of the 3D model S1 on the viewing plane, the user draws or selects the 3D model S1 on this two-dimensional projection range to which a support range is to be added.
As shown in fig. 7, S6 is a display screen, i.e., a viewing plane, S1 is an object to be printed, and S1 is a two-dimensional projection view on the display screen S6 in S103, so that the user views the projection of the three-dimensional object S1 on the screen S6 through the screen S6. In a preferred embodiment, the display screen S6 is a viewing plane, the user can adjust the viewing angle in real time during the rendering process to change the viewing plane, and the projection of S1 on the display screen is the projection of S1 on the viewing plane, so that the user defines the range of the support structure on the display screen S6.
1) And obtaining a support range to be added on the 3D model specified by the user.
By obtaining a user instruction, drawing a support range to be added by adopting different drawing methods, for example: prefabricating a shape, selecting a two-dimensional figure, such as a triangle, a rectangle, a rounded rectangle, a circle, an ellipse, a pentagon, any polygon and the like, changing the width, the height and the position of the figure in real time, drawing one or more shapes, wherein the shapes can be overlapped, the finally generated figure consists of one or more polygons, the polygon is a concave polygon or a convex polygon, the polygon is a filling polygon or a hollow polygon, and the hollow polygon is embedded in the filling polygon; the method comprises the following steps of side line selection, boundary line selection, wherein the boundary line type is selected, such as any line, straight line, arc line, Bessel curve and the like, an outer edge or an inner edge is selected, the position of a point can be changed in real time, the line type can be switched, the boundary line can be composed of lines of different line types, the drawn boundary line can not be closed, a program automatically calculates the closing, the area surrounded by the program is calculated according to the inner edge and the outer edge, the finally generated graph is composed of one or more polygons, the polygons are concave polygons or convex polygons, and the polygons are filled polygons or hollowed; and (3) doodling, selecting a spraying method, such as a pen brush, a spraying tank, an eraser and the like, drawing a figure in a doodling mode, and calculating a covered two-dimensional figure according to a doodling result, wherein the figure consists of one or more polygons, the polygons are concave polygons or convex polygons, and the polygons are filling polygons or hollow polygons.
And judging whether the drawn support range to be added is a closed area or not through the existing algorithm, if so, executing the next step, and if not, automatically calculating the closed area according to the range defined by the user. For example: and calculating the number of intersections of the rays and the polygon at each angle by a ray method to further obtain topological logical relations such as closing, nesting and the like, and finally calculating the closing relation. If not, the closed area is automatically calculated, and the support range to be added is obtained.
2) Excluding user-specified unsupported regions on the 3D model.
The support range to be added is generated by utilizing a preset algorithm, then a user instruction is obtained, the range excluded by the user is deleted, and the support range to be added is obtained.
a, generating a support range to be added;
specifically, a user instruction is obtained, and the support range to be added is drawn by using the existing drawing method.
b, deleting the redundant range;
specifically, the range excluded by the user is deleted according to the instruction of the user, and the support range to be added is obtained.
The two methods for generating the support range to be added in the two-dimensional projection are described above, and the support range to be added in the two-dimensional projection comprises;
1) a continuous region;
as shown in fig. 5, the support range S5 to be added selected by the user is distributed on a corner of the 3D model S1 to be printed, and is a circular area which is a continuous two-dimensional figure.
2) A plurality of discrete regions;
as shown in fig. 6, the support range S5 to be added selected by the user is distributed at two different corners of the 3D model S1 to be printed, one of the support ranges S5 to be added is annular, the other support range S5 to be added is an irregular two-dimensional figure, and the support range S5 to be added of the 3D model S1 is two discontinuous regions.
S105, a range selected by the user on the two-dimensional projection (i.e., a range selected on the screen) is projected onto the 3D model.
As shown in fig. 7, a schematic diagram of projecting the support range to be added S5 onto the surface of the 3D model S1, specifically, obtaining a user instruction, projecting the support range to be added S5 drawn by the user onto the surface of the 3D model S1 through the viewing plane S6, and generating a user-specified 3D range S7 on the surface of the 3D model S1 by using an algorithm, for example: obtaining a rotation matrix of a rotation visual angle, inputting a two-dimensional coordinate, and obtaining a three-dimensional coordinate through a two-dimensional coordinate rotation formula
To facilitate user observation, generating a user-specified 3D range on the surface of the 3D model S1S 7 is labeled with a specified color.
S106, generating a support structure in the range projected to the 3D model.
As shown in fig. 10, support structures are generated within the three-dimensional projection on the 3D model S1, where S8 is the support structure generated between model S1 and the print plane. In the preferred embodiment, shown in fig. 10, the projection relationship between the model to be printed S1 and the printing plane is the same as the projection relationship between S1 and the display screen S6 shown in fig. 7, i.e., the display screen S6 is used as the viewing plane when the user designs the support range to be added S5.
When the user delineates the support structure generation range on the three-dimensional model S1 using the display screen, the user can be facilitated to observe the three-dimensional model from different angles through the display screen by adjusting the observation angle of the three-dimensional model S1.
And, in other embodiments of the invention, after obtaining the three-dimensional projection range S7 from S5, and before generating the support structure S8, the user may adjust the viewing angle of the model S1 in real-time for obtaining an optimal range for generating the support structure S8.
And generating a support structure by using a preset algorithm within the range of the 3D model S1 to be added with support, for example: and acquiring all triangular surfaces covered by the range based on the calculated 3D model surface range of the support point to be generated, and if a single triangular surface part is out of the range, cutting the part out of the range. Based on the set support parameters, a support of a specified density is generated within the newly calculated range.
As shown in fig. 8, S10 is a support point distribution diagram based on the range specified by the user through the viewing plane shown in fig. 7, and is a support distribution parameter point. And generating corresponding support structures according to the support distribution parameter points, wherein the support points are distributed in the range of S7 shown in FIG. 7.
Fig. 9 is a supporting point distribution diagram obtained by an automatic supporting point generation algorithm commonly used in the prior art. According to the existing algorithm, the requirement of triangular surfaces with different sizes, different shapes, different positions and different normal vectors on support is difficult to process, and the relation between local and global is difficult to consider. As can be seen from the figure, the support is generated indiscriminately on the surface of the object to be printed facing the tray, and the support point distribution area is significantly larger than that shown in fig. 7. In this case, the supporting effect and the supporting range are not optimized, and the best supporting effect may not be obtained or the supporting range is too large, resulting in waste of resources.
S107, completing 3D printing according to the generated support;
the 3D model S1 is printed with the generated support until printing is completed. Specifically, the 3D model S1 and the added support are sliced according to the planned printing path, thereby printing layer by layer.
Corresponding to the embodiment of the application function implementation method, the application also provides an embodiment of a system for generating a support structure in 3D printing.
A system for generating a support structure in 3D printing can be loaded and run by a computer to realize the 3D printing method. The 3D printing system specifically comprises a main control module and a printing module.
The main control module is used for acquiring user data, drawing surface parameter distribution of the 3D model according to the user data, and planning a printing path according to the parameter distribution designated by a user.
And the printing module is used for finishing 3D printing according to the printing path obtained in the planning step. The designated support printing of the 3D model S1 is realized by printing the parameter distribution designated by the user of the 3D model S1 and then carrying out the designated support printing of the user according to the planned printing path. Compared with the traditional printing process, the printing method has the advantages that the user specifies the support range by printing, so that the number of supports is greatly reduced, and the loss of raw materials is reduced; meanwhile, the efficiency of removing the support is improved, the post-processing procedure is simplified, the method is more convenient, the surface of the printing model is more delicate, and the product quality is greatly improved.
With regard to the system in the above embodiment, the specific manner in which each module performs the operation has been described in detail in the embodiment related to the method, and will not be elaborated here.
Those of skill would further appreciate that the various illustrative logical blocks, modules, circuits, and algorithm steps described in connection with the applications disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both.
The flowchart and block diagrams in the figures illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems and methods according to various embodiments of the present application. In this regard, each block in the flowchart or block diagrams may represent a module, segment, or portion of code, which comprises one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function(s). It should also be noted that, in some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the block may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two blocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved. It will also be noted that each block of the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, can be implemented by special purpose hardware-based systems which perform the specified functions or acts, or combinations of special purpose hardware and computer instructions.
Having described embodiments of the present application, the foregoing description is intended to be exemplary, not exhaustive, and not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is chosen in order to best explain the principles of the embodiments, the practical application, or improvements made to the technology in the marketplace, or to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.
Claims (9)
1. A method of generating a support structure in 3D printing, comprising:
acquiring a 3D model to be printed;
obtaining a range of a support structure to be generated on the 3D model;
generating a support structure within the range using a preset algorithm;
completing 3D printing according to the generated support.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of obtaining a range of support structures to be generated on the 3D model comprises:
obtaining a projection of the 3D model on a user viewing plane;
obtaining the range of the support structure to be generated drawn in the projection range of the user on the observation plane;
and projecting the range to the surface of the 3D model to obtain the range of the support structure to be generated on the 3D model.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein obtaining the projection of the 3D model onto a user viewing plane comprises:
and adjusting the observation angle of the 3D model, and enabling one side of the 3D model, which is to be generated into the support structure, to face a user.
4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein said obtaining an extent of a support structure to be generated on said 3D model comprises:
obtaining a range of a support structure to be generated on the 3D model, which is specified by a user;
alternatively, user-specified ranges are excluded in which no support structure is generated on the 3D model.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the range of support structures to be generated on the 3D model comprises:
an enclosed region;
alternatively, a plurality of mutually independent closure zones.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein obtaining an extent of a support structure to be generated on the 3D model comprises:
acquiring a user instruction, and judging whether the defined range is a closed area;
if not, calculating the closed area according to the range defined by the user.
7. The method of claim 4, wherein excluding the user-specified extent from generating the support structure on the 3D model comprises:
obtaining a projection of the 3D model on a user viewing plane;
obtaining a range specified by a user in the projection of the observation plane;
and projecting the closed area in the observation plane projection after the range specified by the user is deleted to a 3D model.
8. A system for generating a support structure in 3D printing, comprising:
a processor; and
a memory having executable code stored thereon, which when executed by the processor, causes the processor to perform the method of any one of claims 1-7.
9. A non-transitory machine-readable storage medium having stored thereon executable code, which when executed by a processor of an electronic device, causes the processor to perform the method of any one of claims 1-7.
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| CN202011169205.4A CN112406108A (en) | 2020-10-28 | 2020-10-28 | Method and system for generating support structure in 3D printing |
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| CN202011169205.4A CN112406108A (en) | 2020-10-28 | 2020-10-28 | Method and system for generating support structure in 3D printing |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113619121A (en) * | 2021-08-25 | 2021-11-09 | 珠海赛纳三维科技有限公司 | Three-dimensional object printing method, data processing device and computer equipment |
| CN114083800A (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2022-02-25 | 深圳市诺瓦机器人技术有限公司 | 3D printing data generation method and device of model supporting surface and storage medium |
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| US20170136709A1 (en) * | 2015-11-18 | 2017-05-18 | Fujifilm Corporation | Support structures design device and method, program, structure forming apparatus, and structure manufacturing method |
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| JPH05301293A (en) * | 1992-04-24 | 1993-11-16 | Fujitsu Ltd | Manufacture of support structural body in optical shaping method |
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| CN114083800A (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2022-02-25 | 深圳市诺瓦机器人技术有限公司 | 3D printing data generation method and device of model supporting surface and storage medium |
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