CN112406070A

CN112406070A - Roller pin rolling type single-screw dispersing extruder

Info

Publication number: CN112406070A
Application number: CN202011318514.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 胡凯纯
Original assignee: Yichang Innovation Materials Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Yichang Innovation Materials Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-11-23
Filing date: 2020-11-23
Publication date: 2021-02-26

Abstract

The invention provides a roller pin rolling type single-screw dispersing extruder which comprises a driving motor and a screw extruder in driving connection with the driving motor, wherein the screw extruder comprises a shell and a screw rotatably connected in the shell, the top of one end, close to the driving motor, of the shell is connected with a feed hopper, the shell is formed with at least two accommodating cavities, and a roller pin rolling assembly is installed in each accommodating cavity. When the powder is dispersed into the molten state polymer, the invention can ensure that the powder, including powder aggregates and larger primary particles, are dispersed more uniformly, and the invention thoroughly solves the problem that the powder materials such as pigment and the like are difficult to be dispersed uniformly in the polymer material.

Description

Roller pin rolling type single-screw dispersing extruder

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of polymer extrusion processing, in particular to a roller pin rolling type single-screw dispersing extruder.

Background

In the prior art, pigment dry powder can form tiny particles after being mechanically crushed, but the particles can be reunited with the lapse of time, after the pigment is added into a high polymer material, although the mixture with satisfactory dispersibility can not be formed after high-speed stirring and hot-melt extrusion granulation, the pigment color master batch formed is uneven in mixing, poor in dispersibility and low in quality because the high polymer processing industry, particularly the master batch manufacturing industry, adopts an extruder, an internal mixer and the like which can not provide enough shearing force, can not completely open the pigment aggregation to the original small particles and can not be uniformly dispersed into the high polymer material.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a roller pin rolling type single-screw dispersing extruder, which solves the problems of poor dispersibility and low dispersing quality of the single-screw extruder in the prior art.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the roller pin rolling type single-screw dispersing extruder comprises a driving motor and a screw extruder in driving connection with the driving motor, the screw extruder comprises a shell and a screw rotatably connected in the shell, the top of one end, close to the driving motor, of the shell is connected with a feed hopper, the shell is formed with at least two accommodating cavities, and a roller pin rolling assembly is installed in each accommodating cavity.

Preferably, the roller pin rolling component comprises a passive grinding disc connected to the inner wall of the accommodating cavity and an active grinding disc connected to the screw rod, a central hole is formed in the center of the passive grinding disc, a material passing channel is formed between the screw rod and the passive grinding disc after the screw rod passes through the central hole, the active grinding disc is not in contact with the inner wall of the accommodating cavity, a plurality of grooves are formed in the grinding surface matched with the passive grinding disc of the active grinding disc, rollers are placed in the grooves and are in contact with the passive grinding disc, and a gap is formed between the active grinding disc and the passive grinding disc.

Preferably, the grooves are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the driving grinding disc.

Preferably, the mutually matched grinding surfaces of the driving grinding disc and the driven grinding disc are inclined planes.

Preferably, the angle of inclination of the abrasive surface is inclined towards the active abrasive disc.

Preferably, the driving grinding disc is arranged on one side close to the driving motor.

Preferably, the distance between the active grinding disc and the inner wall of the accommodating cavity is not less than 3 mm.

Preferably, the rollers are tapered rollers.

Preferably, the passive grinding disc is connected with the inner wall of the accommodating cavity through a plurality of springs.

Preferably, the distance between the grinding surfaces of the active grinding disc and the passive grinding disc is 5mm-35 mm.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: when the powder is dispersed into the molten state polymer, the invention can ensure that the powder, including powder aggregates and larger primary particles, are dispersed more uniformly.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic front view of an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion a of fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of fig. 4.

In the above drawings: 10. a drive motor; 20. a screw extruder; 21. a housing; 22. a screw; 23. an accommodating cavity; 24. a feed hopper; 30. a rolling needle rolling component; 31. a passive abrasive disc; 32. an active grinding disc; 33. a central bore; 34. a groove; 35. a roller; 36. a spring.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention is further explained with reference to the drawings and the embodiments.

When mixing polymer substances, solid powder is dispersed into polymer melt, but the uniform dispersion in the original particle size state is an industrial problem, although the powder is subjected to surface treatment in advance, the agglomeration caused by surface energy is still difficult to overcome, even if the powder and the polymer materials are subjected to high-speed mechanical stirring in advance and are extruded through melt splicing, a satisfactory dispersion effect is difficult to achieve, in the polymer processing industry, especially the master batch manufacturing industry, the adopted equipment such as an extruder, an internal mixer and the like adopts the passing principle that the melt is extruded and kneaded when two parallel special-shaped shafts rotate, but the particle size of the powder aggregate is at least below 0.125mm, the gap of a kneading module of the traditional extrusion equipment is at least above 1mm, and the molten state polymer cannot provide additional shearing force, so that the aggregate or the original particle with the original particle size of less than 0.125mm cannot be opened, and thus cannot be uniformly dispersed into the melt.

As shown in fig. 1-5, the embodiment of the present invention provides a roller pin rolling type single screw rod dispersing extruder, which includes a driving motor 10 and a screw rod extruder 20 in driving connection with the driving motor 10, where the screw rod extruder 20 includes a housing 21 and a screw rod 22 rotatably connected in the housing 21, a top of one end of the housing 21 near the driving motor 10 is connected to a feed hopper 24, the housing 21 is formed with at least two accommodating cavities 23, and a roller pin rolling assembly 30 is installed in each accommodating cavity 23; the needle roller rolling assembly 30 comprises a passive grinding disc 31 connected to the inner wall of the accommodating cavity 23 and an active grinding disc 32 connected to the screw rod 22, wherein a central hole 33 is formed in the center of the passive grinding disc 31, a material passing channel is formed between the screw rod 22 and the passive grinding disc 31 after the screw rod 22 passes through the central hole 33, the active grinding disc 32 is not in contact with the inner wall of the accommodating cavity 23, a plurality of grooves 34 are formed in a grinding surface matched with the passive grinding disc 31 of the active grinding disc 32, the grooves 34 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the active grinding disc 32, rollers 35 are placed in the grooves 34, the rollers 35 are conical rollers, and the rollers 35 are in contact with the passive grinding disc 31, so that a gap is formed between the active grinding disc 32 and the passive grinding disc 31 and used for passing through materials.

Preferably, referring to fig. 2 and 5, in order to make the material pass better, the driving grinding disc 32 is installed at a side close to the driving motor 10, the mutually matched grinding surfaces of the driving grinding disc 32 and the driven grinding disc 31 are both inclined planes, and the inclination angle of the grinding surfaces is inclined towards the driving grinding disc 32, so that the inclination of the grinding surfaces is more convenient for the material to pass through, the turning angle of the flow path of the material is not less than 90 °, the material pass is improved, and the material is prevented from being blocked or jammed at the turning angle.

Preferably, in order to facilitate the material to pass through between the driving grinding disc 32 and the accommodating cavity 23, the distance between the driving grinding disc 32 and the inner wall of the accommodating cavity 23 is not less than 3mm, and is preferably set to be 5mm, 8mm, 12mm, 15mm, 18mm, and 25mm, so as to reduce the surface friction and the viscous force of the polymer subjected to the driving grinding disc 32 and the accommodating cavity 23.

Preferably, referring to fig. 2 and 3, in order to improve the overall deformation capability of the needle roller rolling assembly 30 to obtain the best rolling dispersion effect and trafficability, the driven grinding disc 31 is connected with the inner wall of the accommodating cavity 23 through a plurality of springs 36, so that when rolling dispersion is performed, a certain elastic deformation space is formed between the driven grinding disc 31 and the driving grinding disc 32, and thus elastic deformation can be generated under the instant working condition to adapt to the rolling dispersion force applied to the material under the instant working condition.

Preferably, the distance between the grinding surfaces of the active grinding disc 32 and the passive grinding disc 31 is an effective distance for passing materials, the passing performance is poor when the distance is too small, but the grinding dispersion effect is also affected when the distance is too large, and according to practical production experience, the distance is preferably between 5mm and 35mm, such as 10mm, 16mm, 24mm, 28mm and 32mm, so as to adapt to high polymer materials with different viscosities and powder with different particle sizes.

When powder and polymer are mixed and dispersed, the traditional equipment adopts a design mode that two parallel shafts rotate, so that the gap of the modules cannot be reduced to zero, and very large abrasion is generated due to the contact of two rotating mechanical modules. The invention thoroughly solves the problem that powdery materials such as pigment and the like are difficult to be uniformly dispersed in high polymer materials.

The principle of the invention is that the mixture of the high molecular material and the powder in the molten state is conveyed to the outer edge of the driving grinding disc to enter the gap between the driving grinding disc and the driven grinding disc through the rotation of the single screw rod, because the driving grinding disc is provided with a plurality of rollers with uniform intervals, the melt enters the gap, because the rollers roll, the melt is repeatedly rolled, under the condition of enough pressure, not only powder aggregates but also larger original particles can be crushed and immediately dispersed in the melt, when the powder aggregates are opened, the hot melting high molecular material immediately coats the small micro particles to block the path of the micro particles, therefore, the crushed powder particles can not be agglomerated again due to the obstruction function of the high molecules, the melt overflows from the central hole of the driven grinding disc after passing through the gap and is conveyed forward to the next roller pin rolling component by the screw rod, repeating the steps to obtain a quite uniform dispersion, and finally discharging from a discharge hole of the screw.

Finally, the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all of them should be covered in the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a kingpin roll-type single screw rod dispersion extruder, includes driving motor and the screw extruder who is connected with the driving motor drive, screw extruder includes the shell and rotates the screw rod of connecting in the shell, the feeder hopper is connected at the one end top that the shell is close to driving motor, its characterized in that: the shell is formed with at least two accommodating cavities, and a roller pin rolling component is installed in each accommodating cavity.

2. The needle roller rolling type single screw dispersing extruder as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the rolling needle rolling component comprises a passive grinding disc and an active grinding disc, the passive grinding disc is connected with the inner wall of the accommodating cavity, a central hole is formed in the center of the passive grinding disc, the screw rod penetrates through the central hole and forms a material passing channel between the passive grinding disc, the active grinding disc is not in contact with the inner wall of the accommodating cavity, a plurality of grooves are formed in the grinding surface matched with the passive grinding disc of the active grinding disc, rollers are placed in the grooves and are in contact with the passive grinding disc, and a gap is formed between the active grinding disc and the passive grinding disc.

3. The needle roller-milling type single screw dispersing extruder as set forth in claim 2, wherein: the grooves are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the driving grinding disc.

4. The needle roller-milling type single screw dispersing extruder as set forth in claim 2, wherein: the mutually matched grinding surfaces of the driving grinding disc and the driven grinding disc are inclined planes.

5. The needle roller-milling type single screw dispersing extruder as set forth in claim 2 or 4, wherein: the inclination angle of the grinding surface inclines towards the active grinding disc.

6. The needle roller-milling type single screw dispersing extruder as set forth in claim 2, wherein: the driving grinding disc is arranged on one side close to the driving motor.

7. The needle roller-milling type single screw dispersing extruder as set forth in claim 2, wherein: the distance between the driving grinding disc and the inner wall of the accommodating cavity is not less than 3 mm.

8. The needle roller-milling type single screw dispersing extruder as set forth in claim 2, wherein: the roller is a tapered roller.

9. The needle roller-milling type single screw dispersing extruder as set forth in claim 2, wherein: the passive grinding disc is connected with the inner wall of the accommodating cavity through a plurality of springs.

10. The needle roller-milling type single screw dispersing extruder as set forth in claim 2, wherein: the distance between the grinding surfaces of the driving grinding disc and the driven grinding disc is 5-35 mm.