CN112404650B - Automatic welding system and automatic welding method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an automatic welding system and an automatic welding method, wherein the automatic welding system comprises a welding auxiliary device for installing a workpiece to be welded and a fixture for driving the welding auxiliary device to rotate, the welding auxiliary device comprises a driving part and a driven part, the driving part is detachably arranged on the fixture, the driven part synchronously rotates with the driving part, the driving part comprises a first installation part, the first installation part is used for installing one end of the workpiece to be welded, and the first installation part is slidably arranged along a first direction; the driven portion includes a second mounting portion for mounting a workpiece to be welded, and the second mounting portion is slidably disposed in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction. According to the system and the method, the working efficiency is improved, the product quality is obviously improved, the maintenance cost of the motor train unit shock absorber is greatly reduced, and the automatic welding degree of the maintenance workpiece is greatly improved.

Description

Automatic welding system and automatic welding method

Technical Field

The invention relates to an automatic welding technology of a shock absorber in a railway vehicle, in particular to an automatic welding system and an automatic welding method.

Background

The hydraulic damper is one of important accessories of the motor train unit, and the early return accessory factory maintenance is transferred to the autonomous maintenance in the factory. The welding process in the autonomous maintenance process belongs to the subsequent process in the whole maintenance process of the shock absorber, if the repair occurs, the dust cover of the shock absorber needs to be cut open to be disassembled, cleaned, assembled and tested again, the workload is extremely large, and therefore the welding seam is required to be welded in a qualified mode at one time. The connecting weld of the dust cover and the connecting seat is a tube plate fillet weld, and a 270-degree outer wrapping fillet annular weld needs to be welded. The problems of large appearance forming difference, excessive size, electric arc scratch and the like of the welding seam easily occur when the prior art carries out the welding of the welding seam, and welding defects of single side non-fusion and the like are generated. The welding of shock absorber plays important effect in the maintenance process of whole shock absorber, seriously restricts the promotion of the production efficiency that whole shock absorber overhauld and the reduction of maintenance cost.

The prior art welding the weld seam is to clamp the damper to be welded to the welding tool. Two holes of the node of the shock absorber are used as positioning holes of a workpiece; connecting an anti-deformation tool used as a support with a manipulator platform to be used as a welding ground wire; and (3) placing a welding gun at the position of 12 points of the annular welding line for welding by utilizing the 1-axis cooperative operation of the manipulator, wherein the arc-withdrawing position of the welding is the arc-starting position of the welding line. Because the dampers to be welded are old dampers to be overhauled, the steps are repeated and then welding is carried out when the next damper is welded. And finally, after the manipulator is welded, sending the workpiece to a manual welding station to perform repair welding treatment on the joint position of the welding seam of the manipulator, and then polishing and checking the workpiece.

When the present manipulator welding overhauls the shock absorber, because the shock absorber is the old work piece of overhauing, there have single piece uniformity poor, the ground connection appears the virtual joint easily, node hole positioning accuracy low grade characteristics, has leaded to a series of problems to produce:

1. the node holes are used for positioning, and the repeated positioning precision is difficult to ensure. The reason is that the dampers for welding are all dampers for overhauling, the holes of the damper nodes can cause angle change to a certain extent in the vehicle running and disassembling processes, and the angle change further causes low repeated positioning precision of welding seams, so that a welding program cannot be reused, and welding defects are generated;

2. the deformation-preventing tool used for supporting is used as a mode of being connected with a manipulator platform to be used as a welding ground wire, so that poor electric conduction is easily caused during welding, and welding defects of electric arc scratch are easily caused; if the welding is carried out after the integral paint removal, the labor cost and the material cost of the maintenance are greatly increased, and meanwhile, the environmental pollution can be caused;

3. after the welding of the manipulator is finished, the manipulator welding station is moved to the polishing and verifying station, so that a plurality of auxiliary working hours are increased invisibly, the production cost of a workshop is increased, and the improvement of the productivity of the workshop is not facilitated;

4. the manual welding and the polishing are needed, the operation levels of welders are uneven during semi-automatic welding, the repair welding position is not attractive in forming, more molten metal is accumulated, the workload of subsequent polishing, inspection and other processes is increased, and a large amount of polishing easily damages base materials and causes workshop smoke;

5. welding defects tend to occur at the start, arc-strike, etc. of the weld. According to the existing welding procedure, the number of arc striking and arc stopping can be increased additionally due to the skill difference of operators. This greatly increases the probability of weld defects.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems, the invention provides an automatic welding system and a method thereof, which solve the problem of repeated adjustment of a welding program caused by low repeated positioning precision of workpieces, solve the influence of workpiece difference caused by different diameters of workpieces to be welded on a welding process and realize full-automatic welding of a 270-degree annular fillet weld.

In order to achieve the above object, the present application provides an automated welding system including a welding assistance device for mounting a workpiece to be welded and a fixture for driving the welding assistance device to rotate, wherein the welding assistance device includes a driving portion detachably provided on the fixture and a driven portion rotating synchronously with the driving portion, wherein the driving portion includes a first mounting portion for mounting one end of the workpiece to be welded, and the first mounting portion is slidably provided along a first direction; the driven portion includes a second mounting portion for mounting a workpiece to be welded, and the second mounting portion is slidably disposed in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction.

Further, the first mounting portion includes a first adjusting seat and a second adjusting seat disposed facing the first adjusting seat, the first adjusting seat and the second adjusting seat are movably disposed along the first direction, and a first accommodating space for mounting a workpiece to be welded is disposed between the first adjusting seat and the second adjusting seat.

Furthermore, the driving part also comprises a locking pressure plate which is arranged on the first mounting part and used for limiting the workpiece to be welded to move along the second direction.

Further, the driven portion includes a leg portion provided to be movable downward and upward in a vertical direction.

Further, the driven part comprises a pressing support arranged above the second installation part, an accommodating space for accommodating the workpiece to be welded is arranged between the pressing support and the second installation part, and the pressing support presses the workpiece to be welded.

Further, the automated welding system also includes a welding gun movably disposed relative to the active portion.

According to another aspect of the present application, an automated welding method is provided for welding a workpiece to be welded using the automated welding system described above.

Further, the automatic welding method comprises the step of performing local paint removal on the preset part of the workpiece to be welded.

Further, the automated welding system is provided with a welding torch which is movable relative to the active part, the automated welding method comprising adjusting the welding torch such that a working angle a formed by the welding torch (400) and a plane X in which a work piece to be welded is located ranges between 35 ° and 45 °.

Further, the automated welding method comprises adjusting the welding gun such that a travel angle b formed by the welding gun (400) and a tangent of a surface to be welded of the workpiece to be welded ranges between 120 ° and 130 °.

Further, the automatic welding method comprises the step of adjusting the over-welding amount of the welding joint according to the actual width of the welding seam, the arc diameter and the arc striking position.

Further, the automatic welding method comprises the step of determining welding parameters of the over-welding position according to the actual width of the welding seam, the arc diameter and the arc starting position.

Further, the automatic welding method comprises the step of welding the welding position and the over-welding position of the workpiece to be welded by adopting different process parameters, wherein the process parameters comprise current, voltage and welding speed adopted in the welding process.

Further, the over-welding amount ranges between 5mm and 6.5 mm.

Further, the automatic welding method further comprises the step of welding by adopting a 270-degree external angle annular welding seam.

According to the system and the method, the working efficiency is improved, the product quality is obviously improved, the maintenance cost of the motor train unit shock absorber is greatly reduced, and the automatic welding degree of the maintenance workpiece is greatly improved.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 illustrates an active portion of a welding assist device with a shock absorber installed in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 illustrates a schematic structural view of a prior art shock absorber;

FIG. 3 shows an enlarged view of the active portion shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 illustrates a schematic structural view of a driven portion of a welding assist device in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 shows an enlarged partial view of the driven portion shown in FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 shows a side view of the driven portion shown in FIG. 4;

FIG. 7 shows a front view of the driven portion shown in FIG. 4;

FIG. 8 shows a top view of the driven portion shown in FIG. 4;

FIG. 9 illustrates a partial schematic view of welding using an automated welding system according to the present application;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the position of the welding torch as viewed from the left side of FIG. 9 during welding;

FIG. 11 illustrates an arc starting position and an arc ending position for welding according to the automated welding method of the present application;

FIG. 12 shows a schematic view of a 270 outer fillet ring weld according to the present application.

Wherein the figures include the following reference numerals:

100. an active portion; 101. a fixture seat; 102. positioning a block; 103. a first adjusting seat; 104. a second adjusting seat; 105. a first adjusting screw; 106. locking the pressing plate; 200. a shock absorber; 201. a first body; 202. a second body; 203. a node of the shock absorber; 204. a location; 300. a driven portion; 301. a frame; 302. a guide rail; 303. a second adjusting screw; 304. a guide rail slider; 305. a first bracket; 306. a second bracket; 307. a second hold-down bracket; 308. a first hold-down bracket; 309. A ground foot mounting piece; 310. a bearing; 311. a bearing; 312. a groove; 313. a leg portion; 313', leg portions; 400. a welding gun; 401. a location; 501. an arcing position; 502. an arc-ending position; 600. the workpiece is to be welded.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

The relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective portions shown in the drawings are not drawn in an actual proportional relationship for the convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to one of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any particular value should be construed as merely illustrative, and not limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, further discussion thereof is not required in subsequent figures.

The application provides an automatic welding system, which comprises a welding auxiliary device and a fixture, wherein the welding auxiliary device is used for installing a workpiece to be welded, the fixture is used for driving the welding auxiliary device to rotate, the welding auxiliary device comprises a driving part and a driven part, the driving part is detachably arranged on the fixture, the driven part synchronously rotates with the driving part, the driving part comprises a first installation part, the first installation part is used for installing one end of the workpiece to be welded, and the first installation part is slidably arranged along a first direction; the driven portion includes a second mounting portion for mounting a workpiece to be welded, and the second mounting portion is slidably disposed in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction.

According to the automatic welding system, the problem that the welding procedure is adjusted repeatedly due to the fact that the repeated positioning precision of the workpieces is low is solved, the influence of workpiece difference caused by the difference of the diameters of the workpieces to be welded on the welding process is solved, and the welding of the full-automatic welding 270-degree annular fillet weld can be achieved.

The automatic welding system comprises a welding auxiliary device used for installing a workpiece to be welded and a fixture used for driving the welding auxiliary device to rotate. The welding auxiliary device comprises a driving part 100 detachably arranged on a three-jaw chuck and a driven part 300 synchronously rotating with the driving part 100, the three-jaw chuck drives the driving part 100 to rotate, and workpieces to be welded are arranged on the driving part 100 and the driven part 300, so that the driving part 100, the workpieces to be welded and the driven part 300 are driven to rotate through the rotation of the three-jaw chuck.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present application, the workpiece to be welded may be a damper. The following description will take the workpiece to be welded as a damper as an example.

Fig. 1 and 3 show an active part 100 of a welding assistance device, and fig. 2 shows a schematic structural view of a prior art damper.

As shown in fig. 1, one end of the vibration damper 200 is disposed on the driving part 100, and more specifically, one end of the vibration damper 200 is rotated by the driving part 100, the driving part 100 is connected to an external shaft of the automated welding robot to rotate the driving part 100, and the driven part 300 is used to support the rotating vibration damper.

As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the active part 100 includes a chuck base 101, the chuck base 101 is connected to an automated welding robot, the chuck base 101 is designed in a cylindrical shape so as to be connected to a three-jaw chuck of an automated outer shaft, and after the chuck base 101 is locked to the three-jaw chuck, the center of the cylindrical part coincides with the center of the automated outer shaft.

The driving part 100 further comprises a positioning block 102 connected with the fixture seat 101, and the positioning block is used for positioning the top end face of the shock absorber close to the node on one side of the welding seam, so that the problem that the shock absorber cannot be repeatedly positioned is solved. The positioning block 102 is provided with a first adjustment seat 103 and a second adjustment seat 104 disposed opposite to the first adjustment seat 103, the first adjustment seat 103 and the second adjustment seat 104 can be along a length direction (i.e., a first direction, such as an X direction shown in fig. 1) of the positioning block 102, and a first accommodation space in which the shock absorber 200 is installed is disposed between the first adjustment seat 103 and the second adjustment seat 104, wherein one end of the shock absorber 200 is accommodated in the first accommodation space. Openings through which the node 203 of the shock absorber can pass are provided on each of the first adjustment seat 103 and the second adjustment seat 104, and a locking pressure plate 106 is provided on each of the first adjustment seat 103 and the second adjustment seat 104, the locking pressure plate 106 being provided with an accommodating portion for accommodating the node 203 of the shock absorber for restricting movement in a direction parallel to the length direction of the body of the shock absorber 200 (i.e., a second direction, such as the Y direction shown in fig. 1) when the shock absorber 200 is mounted on the active portion 100, wherein the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction. As shown in fig. 2, the node 203 of the damper extends from the receiving portion of the locking pressure plate 106, so that the locking pressure plate 106 can limit and restrict the movement of the damper 200 along its own length when the damper 200 is mounted on the active part 100.

The driving part 100 further includes a first adjusting screw 105, the first adjusting screw 105 is disposed on the positioning block 102, and the first adjusting screw 105 is a bidirectional screw capable of moving the first adjusting seat 103 and the second adjusting seat 104 in the same direction or in opposite directions, so as to clamp or unclamp the shock absorber 200. In addition, the longitudinal displacement of the shock absorber 200 between the first adjusting seat 103 and the second adjusting seat 104 can be locked by adjusting the first adjusting screw 105, so that the problem of poor workpiece identity caused by different types of shock absorbers and different ageing rotation angles of shock absorber nodes is solved conveniently.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present application, the first adjusting screw 105 is a ball screw, so as to ensure the transmission precision, and the center of the first accommodating space formed by the two adjusting seats coincides with the center of the cylindrical portion and the center of the automatic external shaft, so that when the two adjusting seats are tightened and loosened, the two adjusting seats move equidistantly at the same time, and the center of the driving portion is ensured not to change.

As shown in FIG. 1, first adjustment seat 103 and second adjustment seat 104 of active portion 100 clamp one end of shock absorber 200. As shown in the example shown in fig. 2, the shock absorber 200 includes a first body 201 and a second body 202 connected to each other, and a node 203 of the shock absorber provided at ends of the first body 201 and the second body 202, respectively. The driving portion 100 of the present application clamps one end of the shock absorber 200 (as shown in fig. 1), and the driven portion 300 of the present application provides support to the first body 201 and the second body 202 of the shock absorber 200.

Fig. 4 to 8 show a schematic configuration of a driven portion 300 of a welding assistance device according to a preferred embodiment of the present application.

As shown in the figure, the driven part 300 includes a frame 301, a guide rail 302 provided on the frame, a second adjusting screw 303, a guide rail slider 304, a first bracket 305, a second bracket 306, a first pressing bracket 308, a second pressing bracket 307, a foot mounting piece 309, and leg portions 313, 313'.

The frame 301 is supported by two sets of differently long legs 313, 313 ', as shown in fig. 6, with one leg 313' being longer than the other leg 313, for example, the legs on the two sides differ by 100mm in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present application. Wherein, the long leg 313' is used for fixing with the ground, and the short side is used for fixing with the automatic welding platform. The leg 313 on one side is connected with the automatic welding platform, so that the effect of ground wire connection is achieved, and the smoothness of ground wire connection in the welding process is guaranteed.

The four leg portions 313 and 313' are designed to be a screw and fixed anchor mounting piece structure, and the four leg portions can be adjusted up and down through the second adjusting screw 303 to obtain desired heights. The mounting holes formed in the anchor mounting pieces 309 are designed and manufactured to be long hole structures, so that the whole frame 301 can be conveniently adjusted along the length direction of the long hole structures. The center of the driven part 300 (as shown in fig. 4, along the length direction of the driven part, that is, along the direction of arrangement from the first bracket 305 and the second bracket 306) coincides with the center of the driving part 100 by the adjustment in the up, down, left and right directions, so that the "jumping" phenomenon does not occur during the welding process, and the welding gun can be adjusted to an ideal position by the automatic inner shaft, and thus, the welding can be completed only by the rotation of the outer shaft, and the stability of the welding process can be further ensured.

The frame 301 is provided with a guide rail 302 (as shown in fig. 4, 5, and 8), the guide rail 302 is provided along the longitudinal direction of the frame 301 (i.e., along the direction in which the first bracket 305 and the second bracket 306 are aligned), the guide rail 302 is provided with a guide rail slider 304 that is slidable along the guide rail 302, and the first bracket 305 and the second bracket 306 are attached to the guide rail slider 304, so that the first bracket 305 and the second bracket 306 can slide along the guide rail 302. The first bracket 305 and the second bracket 306 are used for supporting the shock absorber 200, and the rail slider 304 slides the two brackets, so that the driven part 300 can be adapted to different types of shock absorbers, thereby increasing the practicability of the device.

The first bracket 305 and the second bracket 306 have substantially the same structure, and the first bracket 305 will be taken as an example to describe the structure of the bracket.

As shown, the first bracket 305 is disposed on the frame 301 through the rail slider 304, and the first bracket 305 is provided with two bearings 310, and a groove 312 is disposed between the two bearings 310, and the groove 312 is used for accommodating the first body 201 or the second body 202 of the shock absorber 200. By arranging the bearing 310, the stability of the vibration absorber during rotation can be ensured in the welding process.

The guide rail slider 304 is further provided with first and second pressing brackets 308, 307, respectively, which slide along the guide rail 302 by the guide rail slider 304. As shown, each pressing bracket is aligned with and located above a corresponding bracket, and two bearings 311 are disposed on each pressing bracket. When the shock absorber 200 is mounted in the recesses 312 of the first bracket 305 and the second bracket 306, the first pressing bracket 308 located above the first bracket 305 and the second pressing bracket 307 located above the second bracket 306 respectively press the first body 201 and the second body 202 of the shock absorber 200, preventing the shock absorber 200 from "jumping" during rotation. And the stability of the vibration damper during rotation during welding can be further increased by the bearings 311 on the first pressing bracket 308 and the second pressing bracket 307.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present application, a protective cover (not shown) may be further provided on the guide rail 302, so as to ensure that the guide rail slider 304 can smoothly slide on the guide rail 302.

The operation of mounting the shock absorber 200 on the driving part 100 and the driven part 300 will be briefly described.

As shown in fig. 1, a jig base 101 of a driving part is coupled to a three-jaw chuck of an automation apparatus such that the center of the driving part 100 overlaps with the center of an outer shaft of the automation apparatus; the node of the shorter side of the weld distance of the dust cover of the shock absorber 200 is placed between the first adjusting seat 103 and the second adjusting seat 104, the end face of the node 203 of the shock absorber is tightly attached to the positioning block 102 without a gap, and the first adjusting screw 105 is adjusted to enable the first adjusting seat 103 and the second adjusting seat 104 to move to the middle at the same time in an equidistant mode, so that the center of the shock absorber is consistent with the center of an external shaft of the automatic device.

As shown in fig. 2, a locking pressure plate 106 is fixed to the first adjustment seat 103 and the second adjustment seat 104 by bolts, thereby restricting the node portion of the node of the shock absorber from moving in the length direction of the shock absorber during welding.

As shown in fig. 4 and 6, the leg 313 'on the short side is connected with the welding platform of the automation device through the anchor mounting plate 309, and the leg 313 on the long side is fixed on the ground in the same manner, so that the effect of welding the ground wire is achieved due to the connection of the leg 313' on the short side and the welding platform, and the smoothness of a circuit loop in the welding process is ensured.

The positioning of the first bracket 305 and the second bracket 306 and the first pressing bracket 308 and the second pressing bracket 307 is achieved by adjusting the rail slider 304 according to the kind of the damper. The sides of the shock absorber 200 away from the dust cap weld (i.e., the first body 201 and the second body 202) are placed in the grooves 312 of the first bracket 305 and the second bracket 306 and supported by the bearings, and then the first pressing bracket 308 and the second pressing bracket 307 are pressed against the first body 201 and the second body 202 of the shock absorber 200, thereby preventing the shock absorber from jumping during welding.

Through the steps, the positioning and clamping of the welding line of the dust cover of the shock absorber and the connecting seat are realized, and the repeated positioning precision is ensured to be less than 0.1 mm.

In order to ensure that the welding ground wire is free from virtual connection in the welding process and the defect of electric arc scratch is caused, the automatic welding method comprises the steps of locally stripping the preset part of the workpiece to be welded, and if the preset part is locally stripped at the position 204 in the figure 2 and is actually connected with the ground wire, the aims of ensuring that virtual connection is not generated in the welding process and reducing the stripping cost are fulfilled.

And after the workpiece to be welded is arranged on the welding auxiliary device, welding is started.

According to the present application, the automated welding system further includes a welding gun 400 movably disposed relative to the active portion 100. An automated welding method according to the present application includes adjusting the welding torch 400 such that the welding torch 400 forms a working angle a with a plane in which a workpiece to be welded is located in a range between 35 ° and 45 °.

As shown in fig. 9, the welding gun 400 is moved to the 401 position by 1-6 axis linkage cooperative motion of the robot inner axis. As shown in fig. 10, during welding, when the workpiece to be welded, such as the shock absorber 200, is rotated counterclockwise, the welding torch 400 is fixed and located between the positions of 1 and a half to two points (clock positions), and at this time, the working angle a of the welding torch 400 with respect to the plane X (shown in fig. 9) on which the workpiece to be welded, such as the shock absorber 200, is in the range between 35 ° and 45 °.

Also, the automated welding method according to the present application includes adjusting the welding gun 400 such that a travel angle b (shown in fig. 10) formed by the welding gun 400 and a tangent line of a surface to be welded of the workpiece to be welded ranges between 120 ° and 130 °.

And, according to this application, the automated welding method still includes according to the actual width of welding seam, arc diameter and the position adjustment of striking arc welding volume at the welded joint. According to a preferred embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 11, 501 is the arc starting position of the weld and 502 is the arc ending position of the weld. The distance between the arc starting position 501 and the arc ending position 502 (i.e., the amount of overbonding) is between 5mm and 6.5 mm.

According to the application, the automatic welding method further comprises the step of determining welding parameters of the overweld position according to the actual width of the welding seam, the arc diameter and the arc starting position.

In addition, by adopting the automatic welding method, when the manipulator welds the annular welding seam, the welding seam position and the over-welding position are welded by adopting different process parameters, so that the defect of meat deficiency can not occur in the appearance, and the defect can not occur in internal metallographic examination, wherein the process parameters include but are not limited to voltage, current and welding speed adopted in the welding process. Therefore, according to the method, manual repair welding is not needed, the residual height of the over-welding position meets the requirement, and inspection can be carried out without a large amount of grinding.

TABLE 1 welding parameters

Also, according to the present application, it is preferred that the automated welding method uses a 270 ° outside fillet circumferential weld for welding. In FIG. 12, c is a 270 outer angle circumferential weld and 600 is the work piece to be welded.

Therefore, through the steps, the full-automatic continuous welding of the 270-degree outer-angle annular fillet weld between the dustproof cover of the shock absorber and the connecting seat is realized, and the repeated positioning precision is smaller than 0.1 mm.

As described above, the welding assistance device according to the present application can bring about the following advantageous effects:

1. because the repeated positioning precision of the welding line and the stability of the welding ground wire are ensured before welding, and the locking pressing plate is used for adjusting the joint angle difference, the instability of dust cover welding is avoided, the welding auxiliary time is obviously shortened, the welding efficiency and the maintenance quality are greatly improved, and the labor cost and the material cost in the automatic maintenance process of the shock absorber are effectively controlled.

2. The special automatic welding auxiliary device for the shock absorber is simple and easy to operate, one-time programming and batch production of welding procedures in the automatic maintenance process of the shock absorber are achieved, and automatic production of welding of the shock absorber is achieved.

According to the automatic welding system, three sides surround and clamp the nodes of the shock absorber, the top end face of the connecting seat is used as a positioning face, and the driving part of the welding tool is connected with the three-jaw chuck of the external shaft of the manipulator. The other part is used as a driven part to support the other end of the workpiece to be welded and is independently fixed on a working platform of the manipulator, the foot margin part is designed and manufactured into a screw rod structure so as to be convenient for up-and-down adjustment, and holes for fixing and mounting are designed and manufactured into long holes so as to be convenient for left-and-right adjustment, so that the influence of workpiece difference caused by different diameters of workpieces on the welding process is reduced.

And the top end surface of the node of the shock absorber is subjected to local paint removal, so that the workpiece to be welded is tightly attached to the positioning surface of the welding tool, and the ground line of the manipulator workbench is connected, and a closed loop is formed in the welding process.

The arc starting position is between 1 point and half to 2 points (clock position), a welding gun of the welding robot is not moved, and a robot shaft drives a workpiece to be welded (such as a shock absorber) to rotate in an anticlockwise mode for welding, so that automatic welding is realized, and the welding effect is good.

According to the automatic welding method, the 270-degree outer angle annular fillet weld between the dustproof cover of the shock absorber and the connecting seat is completely and automatically and continuously welded by adjusting the welding position, the angle of the welding gun, the technological parameters, the joint position overwelding amount, the technological parameters and the like.

The welding method is suitable for continuous welding of the 270-degree external angle annular fillet weld in the overhauling process of the motor train unit, and the one-time welding has high qualification rate. Moreover, the 270-degree external angle annular fillet weld realizes full-automatic continuous welding and can obtain the following beneficial effects:

(1) the total working time is shortened by more than 50%, wherein the grinding amount is reduced by 70%, the working time/train of 2080 minutes is saved, and the working efficiency is improved;

(2) the one-time welding qualification rate reaches more than 90%, and the quality of products is remarkably improved; the maintenance cost of the motor train unit shock absorber is greatly reduced;

(3) the automatic welding degree of the overhauling work piece is greatly improved.

It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and the like are used to define the components, and are only used for convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and the terms have no special meanings unless otherwise stated, and therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (13)

1. An automated welding system, characterized in that the automated welding system comprises a welding auxiliary device for installing a workpiece to be welded and a fixture for driving the welding auxiliary device to rotate, wherein the welding auxiliary device comprises a driving part (100) detachably arranged on the fixture and a driven part (300) rotating synchronously with the driving part (100),

wherein the workpiece to be welded is a vibration damper (200),

wherein the active part (100) comprises a first mounting part for mounting one end of a shock absorber (200), and the first mounting part is slidably disposed along a first direction;

the driven portion (300) includes a second mounting portion for mounting a shock absorber (200) and slidably disposed in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction;

the driving part (100) comprises a fixture seat (101) and a positioning block (102) connected with the fixture seat (101), wherein a first adjusting seat (103) and a second adjusting seat (104) arranged opposite to the first adjusting seat (103) are arranged on the positioning block (102), the first adjusting seat (103) and the second adjusting seat (104) are movably arranged along the first direction, and a first accommodating space for installing a shock absorber (200) is arranged between the first adjusting seat (103) and the second adjusting seat (104);

wherein the first adjusting seat (103) and the second adjusting seat (104) are respectively provided with an opening through which a node (203) of the shock absorber can pass;

wherein the active part (100) further comprises a locking pressure plate (106), the locking pressure plate (106) is arranged on the first adjusting seat (103) and the second adjusting seat (104), and a node (203) of the damper extends out of a containing part of the locking pressure plate (106) and is used for limiting the damper (200) to move along the second direction.

2. The automated welding system of claim 1, wherein the driven portion (300) comprises legs (313, 313') arranged to be movable vertically up and down.

3. The automated welding system according to claim 1, wherein the driven portion (300) includes a pressing bracket (307, 308) provided above the second mounting portion, a receiving space for receiving a workpiece to be welded is provided between the pressing bracket (307, 308) and the second mounting portion, and the pressing bracket (307, 308) presses the workpiece to be welded.

4. The automated welding system of claim 1, further comprising a welding gun (400) movably disposed relative to the active portion (100).

5. An automated welding method, characterized in that it welds workpieces to be welded using an automated welding system according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

6. The automated welding method of claim 5, comprising locally stripping a predetermined portion of the workpiece to be welded.

7. The automated welding method according to claim 6, wherein the automated welding system is provided with a welding torch (400) movable with respect to the active part (100), the automated welding method comprising adjusting the welding torch (400) such that a working angle a formed by the welding torch (400) and a plane in which a work piece to be welded is located ranges between 35 ° and 45 °.

8. The automated welding method of claim 7, comprising adjusting the welding torch (400) such that a travel angle b formed by the welding torch (400) and a tangent of a surface to be welded of the workpiece to be welded ranges between 120 ° and 130 °.

9. The automated welding method of claim 5, comprising adjusting an amount of overweld at the weld joint based on an actual width of the weld, an arc diameter, and an arc starting position.

10. The automated welding method of claim 5, comprising determining welding parameters for an overweld location based on an actual width of a weld, an arc diameter, and an arc starting location.

11. The automated welding method of claim 5, comprising welding the weld position and the overweld position of the workpiece to be welded using different process parameters, including current, voltage and welding speed used during the welding process.

12. The automated welding method of claim 9, wherein the amount of overbonding ranges between 5mm and 6.5 mm.

13. The automated welding method of claim 5, further comprising welding with a 270 ° outer fillet circumferential weld.

Images