CN112403406A - MXene fiber aerogel, preparation method thereof and application thereof in pressure sensor - Google Patents
MXene fiber aerogel, preparation method thereof and application thereof in pressure sensor Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses MXene (Ti)3C2Tx，TxSurface functional groups such as hydroxyl, oxygen, fluorine and the like) fiber aerogel pressure sensor and a preparation method thereof. The pressure sensor sensitive material consists of MXene fiber aerogel, and the preparation method mainly comprises the following steps: s1: preparing MXene water-based colloid; s2: preparing MXene fiber aerogel; s3: and (5) packaging the MXene fiber aerogel pressure sensor. The MXene fiber aerogel pressure sensor provided by the invention has the advantages of novel structure, high sensitivity, high stability and the like, and meanwhile, the preparation process is simple and the cost is low.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of electronic material devices, and particularly relates to MXene fiber aerogel, a preparation method thereof and application thereof in a pressure sensor.
Background
Nowadays, with the rapid development of flexible wearable devices such as flexible electronic skins and flexible display screens, piezoresistive sensors account for an increasing proportion of the flexible wearable devices. Although conventional piezoresistive sensors, such as piezoresistive sensors based on graphene aerogel, have the advantages of large surface area, etc., the conductivity and sensitivity of the conventional piezoresistive sensors are low, and the conventional piezoresistive sensors are high in price, so that the conventional piezoresistive sensors have great limitations in the application of flexible electronic skin, etc. There is therefore an urgent need to develop new materials that can be used in piezoresistive sensors.
With the continuous development of sensor research, researchers find MXene (Ti) which is a novel material3C2Tx，TxSurface functional groups such as hydroxyl, oxygen, fluorine) are excellent in piezoresistive sensors, especially in MXene aerogel research. Under the continuing efforts of researchers, numerous MXene aerogel-type sensors were developed, but these sensors still suffer from some non-negligible drawbacks. For example, the sensitivity of MXene aerogel sensors remains unexpected. At the present stage, the sensitivity of the sensor is improved mainly by developing a novel material and a novel structure, so that the development of a high-sensitivity MXene aerogel piezoresistive sensor with a novel structure becomes the first choice of researchers.
As the article "3D synergistic MXene/Reduced Graphene Oxide Aerogel for a Piezoresistive Sensor (Yanan Ma, Yang Yue, Hang Zhang, et al. ACS Nano,2018,12, 3209-3216)", a 3D synergistic MXene/Reduced Graphene Oxide Aerogel for Piezoresistive sensors is disclosed, the Aerogel sensitivity is 4.05kPa-1The stress reaches 3.5kPa at most, the compression time is 242ms, the release time is 231ms, and the device has good cycle stability and low detection capability. However, the technique disclosed in this document has disadvantages or shortcomings as follows:
(1) the stress range of the prepared MXene/reduced graphene oxide aerogel is small, so that the application range is narrow, and the prepared MXene/reduced graphene oxide aerogel cannot be used as a flexible sensing device well;
(2) the prepared MXene/reduced graphene oxide aerogel is high in cost, and the manufacturing process of the reduced graphene oxide aerogel is complex.
(3) The prepared MXene/reduced graphene oxide aerogel has low sensitivity and cannot be effectively detected in the using process.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides an MXene fiber aerogel, a preparation method thereof and an application thereof in a pressure sensor, and aims to provide a high-sensitivity flexible aerogel sensor with a novel structure. Therefore, the technical problems of high cost, long response time, low sensitivity and the like of the conventional aerogel sensor are solved.
The MXene fiber aerogel disclosed by the invention is characterized in that two-dimensional MXene is fibrous, the inside of the two-dimensional MXene fiber is of a three-dimensional porous structure, and a plurality of MXene fibers are mutually contacted and stacked in space to form the three-dimensional porous aerogel structure.
The preparation method of the MXene fiber aerogel comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of MXene aqueous colloid, and (2) preparation of MXene fiber aerogel.
In the above production method, the step (1) is preferably carried out by mixing an HCl solution, MAX (Ti)3AlC2) Adding the powder and LiF into deionized water, mixing, stirring, sealing, and stirring in a water bath; centrifuging and ultrasonically treating the stirred solution, and taking supernatant fluid to obtain MXene water system colloid; wherein, preferably, the concentration of the HCl solution is 6mol L-1～12mol L-1The mass ratio of LiF to HCl solution is 1: 10-1: 25, and LiF to MAX (Ti)3AlC2) The mass ratio of the MXene aqueous colloid to the water bath is 3: 1-1: 3, the stirring time of the water bath is 12-72 hours, the centrifugation time is 3-10 times, the ultrasonic power is 300-600W, the ultrasonic time is 0.5-2 hours, and the concentration of the prepared MXene aqueous colloid is 5-60 mg/ml; more preferably, the HCl concentration is 8mol L-1～10mol L-1The mass ratio of LiF to HCl is 1: 12-1: 20, and LiF and MAX (Ti)3AlC2) The mass ratio of (1) to (2) is 2: 1-1: 2, and the stirring time of the water bath kettleThe concentration of the prepared MXene water system colloid is 15-40 mg/ml, the centrifugation time is 5-8 times, the ultrasonic power is 400-550W, the ultrasonic time is 1-1.5 h, and the concentration of the prepared MXene water system colloid is 15-40 mg/ml; most preferably, the HCl concentration is 9mol L-1The mass ratio of LiF to HCl is 1:15, LiF to MAX (Ti)3AlC2) The mass ratio of the components is 1:2, the stirring time of the water bath is 36 hours, the centrifugation times are 7 times, the ultrasonic power is 450W, and the ultrasonic time is 1.2 hours. For the novel material MAX (Ti)3AlC2) MAX is a very large class, Ti3AlC2Is a small type of them, generally written as MAX (Ti)3AlC2) I.e. also written as MAX-Ti3AlC2As is well known to those skilled in the art.
In the preparation method, preferably, in the step (2), the prepared MXene aqueous colloid is added into an injection tube, the mixture is slowly injected into an acetic acid solution from the injection tube to be solidified, then the mixture is washed by deionized water, the acetic acid solution remained on the fibers is removed, MXene fibers are prepared, the fibers are subjected to vacuum filtration, the filtered MXene fibers are placed into a mold and are appropriately compressed, the building of the structure is completed, and the MXene fibers are subjected to freeze drying to prepare the MXene fiber aerogel.
Preferably, in the preparation of the MXene fiber aerogel in the step (2), the concentration of the MXene aqueous colloid is 5mg/ml to 60mg/ml, the injection speed is 0.5ml/h to 10ml/h, the concentration of acetic acid is 50% to 90%, the freezing temperature is-30 ℃ to-50 ℃, and the time for freeze drying is 12h to 72 h; more preferably, the concentration of MXene aqueous colloid is 15mg/ml to 50mg/ml, the injection speed is 2ml/h to 8ml/h, the mass concentration of acetic acid is 60 percent to 85 percent, the freezing temperature is-35 ℃ to-45 ℃, and the time of freeze drying is 24h to 48 h; most preferably, the concentration of MXene water system colloid is 35mg/ml, the injection speed is 5ml/h, the acetic acid concentration is 75%, the freezing temperature is-45 ℃, and the freeze-drying time is 36 h;
the MXene fiber aerogel can be used as a pressure-sensitive material to be applied to a pressure sensor, and the MXene fiber aerogel is transferred to a interdigital electrode to prepare the MXene fiber aerogel pressure sensor.
Overall, compared with the prior art, the above technical solution prepared by the present invention can achieve the following effects:
(1) in the technical scheme of the invention, compared with MXene/reduced graphene oxide aerogel, the sensitivity is higher and can reach 345kPa-1。
(2) In the technical scheme of the invention, compared with MXene/reduced graphene oxide aerogel, the composite aerogel has a more novel structure.
(3) In the technical scheme of the invention, compared with MXene/reduced graphene oxide aerogel, the composite material has the characteristic of larger stress range.
(4) In the technical scheme of the invention, the response time is faster than that of an MXene/reduced graphene oxide aerogel sensor.
(5) In the technical scheme of the invention, compared with an MXene/reduced graphene oxide aerogel sensor, the preparation process is simpler and the cost is low.
Description of the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an MXene fiber aerogel of the present invention; wherein 1 is MXene fiber aerogel; 2 is an interdigital electrode;
FIG. 2 is SEM scanning electron microscope image of the cross section of pure MXene fiber of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a SEM scanning electron microscope image of the MXene fiber aerogel of the present invention viewed from above;
fig. 4 is a graph of the sensitivity of the test results for pressure sensors assembled based on MXene fiber aerogels prepared in examples 1-3.
Fig. 5 is a graph of the compression response time of an assembled pressure sensor based on the MXene fibrous aerogel prepared in example 2.
Fig. 6 is the release response time of an assembled pressure sensor based on the MXene fiber aerogel prepared in example 2.
Fig. 7 is a graph of amplitude measurements at different pressures for pressure sensors assembled based on the MXene fiber aerogel prepared in example 2.
Fig. 8 shows that the MXene fiber aerogel in example 2 of the present invention was subjected to a current compression cycle stability test under a strain of 1.4 mm in compression.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
The MXene fiber aerogel pressure sensor and the preparation method thereof provided by the embodiment of the invention comprise the following steps:
(1) preparing MXene water colloid.
(2) Preparing MXene fiber aerogel.
(3) And (5) packaging the MXene fiber aerogel pressure sensor.
Example 1
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an MXene fiber aerogel pressure sensor and a method for preparing the same includes the steps of:
(1) preparation of MXene water system colloid
15ml of 6mol l-1HCl、2g MAX(Ti3AlC2) Adding the powder and 1g LiF into deionized water, mixing, stirring, sealing, and stirring in a water bath kettle for 12 h; centrifuging the stirred solution for 3 times, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 1h in an environment with ultrasonic power of 400W to obtain supernatant, namely MXene water-based colloid; the concentration of MXene water colloid is 25mg/ml
(2) Preparation of MXene fiber aerogel
Adding the prepared 25mg/ml MXene aqueous colloid into an injection tube, slowly injecting the prepared MXene aqueous colloid into 60% acetic acid solution from the injection tube for solidification at the injection speed of 0.5ml/h, cleaning the MXene aqueous colloid with deionized water, removing acetic acid remained on fibers to prepare MXene fibers, carrying out vacuum filtration on the fibers, putting the filtered MXene fibers into a mold, carrying out appropriate compression to complete the construction of a structure, carrying out freeze drying at the freezing temperature of-35 ℃ for 24h to prepare the MXene fiber aerogel.
(3) Package of MXene fiber aerogel pressure sensor
And transferring the MXene fiber aerogel onto the interdigital electrode to obtain the MXene fiber aerogel pressure sensor.
When the MXene fiber aerogel pressure sensor prepared in example 1 has the injection speed of 0.5ml/h and the MXene concentration of 25mg/ml, I is shown in FIG. 40The delta I is the current increment after the aerogel is changed and is the original current of the aerogel, and the sensitivity is 20kPa when the MXene concentration is 25mg/ml and the MXene concentration is between 0kPa and 20kPa through calculation-1。
Example 2
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an MXene fiber aerogel pressure sensor and a method for preparing the same includes the steps of:
(1) preparation of MXene water system colloid
9mol L of-1 15ml HCl、2g MAX(Ti3AlC2) Adding the powder and 1g LiF into deionized water, mixing, stirring, sealing, and stirring in a water bath for 36 h; centrifuging the stirred solution for 7 times, wherein the ultrasonic time is 1.2h in an environment with the ultrasonic power of 450W, and taking supernatant fluid, namely MXene water system colloid; the concentration of MXene water colloid is 35mg/ml
(2) Preparation of MXene fiber aerogel
Adding the prepared 35mg/ml MXene aqueous colloid into an injection tube, slowly injecting the prepared MXene aqueous colloid into 75% acetic acid solution from the injection tube at the injection speed of 5ml/h, cleaning the MXene aqueous colloid with deionized water, removing acetic acid remained on the fibers to prepare MXene fibers, carrying out vacuum filtration on the fibers, putting the filtered MXene fibers into a mold, carrying out appropriate compression, completing the construction of a structure, carrying out freeze drying at the freezing temperature of-45 ℃ for 36h, and preparing the MXene fiber aerogel.
(3) Package of MXene fiber aerogel pressure sensor
And transferring the MXene fiber aerogel onto the interdigital electrode to obtain the MXene fiber aerogel pressure sensor.
Example 2 MXene fiber aerogel pressure sensor's structure of preparationThe figure is shown in figure 1, wherein 1 is MXene fiber aerogel, and 2 is an interdigital electrode; the SEM scanning electron microscope image of the MXene fiber cross section is shown in FIG. 2; an SEM scanning electron micrograph of the top view of the MXene fiber aerogel is shown in figure 3; the sensitivity chart of the test results of the pressure sensor assembled by MXene fiber aerogel is shown in FIG. 4, I0The delta I is the current increment after the aerogel is changed and is the original current of the aerogel, and the sensitivity is calculated to be 41kPa when the MXene concentration is 35mg/ml and 0kPa to 15kPa-1At 15kPa to 20kPa, the sensitivity is 345kPa-1(ii) a The compression response time of the pressure sensor assembled by the MXene fiber aerogel is shown in FIG. 5, and the compression response time is 210 ms; the release response time of the pressure sensor assembled by the MXene fiber aerogel is shown in FIG. 6, and the release response time is 191 ms; the amplitude test chart of the pressure sensor assembled by the MXene fiber aerogel under different pressures is shown in FIG. 7, wherein the current is higher as the pressure is higher, and the steady-state current generated under the pressure of 8.18KPa is about 12 mA; the steady state current generated is about 24mA at the pressure of 15.70 KPa; at a pressure of 16.50KPa, a steady state current of about 36mA is generated; at a pressure of 17.55KPa, a steady state current of about 44mA is generated; at a pressure of 18.84KPa, a steady state current of about 54mA is generated; the current compression cycle of MXene fiber aerogel under the strain of 1.4 mm compression is shown in FIG. 8, and it can be seen that after 20 cycles, the sensor can still maintain a good current height and has high cycle stability.
Example 3
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an MXene fiber aerogel pressure sensor and a method for preparing the same includes the steps of:
(1) preparation of MXene water system colloid
12mol L of-1 15ml HCl、2g MAX(Ti3AlC2) Adding the powder and 1g LiF into deionized water, mixing, stirring, sealing, and stirring in a water bath for 36 h; centrifuging the stirred solution for 10 times, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 1h in an environment with the ultrasonic power of 550W to obtain supernatant, namely MXene water-based colloid; the concentration of MXene water colloid is 45 mg/ml.
(2) Preparation of MXene fiber aerogel
Adding the prepared 45mg/ml MXene aqueous colloid into an injection tube, slowly injecting the mixture into a 90% acetic acid solution from the injection tube at an injection speed of 8ml/h for solidification, cleaning the mixture with deionized water, removing acetic acid remained on the fibers to obtain MXene fibers, performing vacuum filtration on the fibers, putting the filtered MXene fibers into a mold, performing appropriate compression to complete the construction of a structure, and performing freeze drying at a freezing temperature of-55 ℃ for 48h to obtain the MXene fiber aerogel.
(3) Package of MXene fiber aerogel pressure sensor
And transferring the MXene fiber aerogel onto the interdigital electrode to obtain the MXene fiber aerogel pressure sensor.
When the MXene fiber aerogel pressure sensor prepared in example 3 has the injection speed of 8ml/h and the MXene concentration of 45mg/ml, I is shown in FIG. 40The current is the original current of the aerogel, the delta I is the current increment after the aerogel is changed, and the sensitivity is 25kPa at 0-20 kPa when the MXene concentration is 45mg/ml and is calculated-1。
The specific performance results of the MXene fiber aerogels prepared in the above examples when the devices are prepared by the two-dimensional MXene material wet spinning technology with different concentrations are shown in the following table.
TABLE 1
As is clear from the results in Table 1, example 2 of the present invention exhibited the highest sensitivity and the degree of fitting was 0.96 or more. The sensitivity of the embodiments 1, 2 and 3 exceeds 4.05kPa of MXene/reduced graphene oxide aerogel sensor-1The process is simpler, the prepared aerogel has a 3D porous structure, and the performance of the MXene aerogel type is greatly improved.
In the technical solution of the present invention, although some values with better effects are given in the embodiments, such as the concentration of the MXene aqueous colloid, the injection speed of the syringe, etc., the present invention is not limited to the concentration and the injection speed given in the above embodiments, since the concentration of the MXene aqueous colloid is 5mg/ml to 60mg/ml, and the injection speed is 0.5ml/h to 10ml/h, 5mg/ml and 0.5ml/h, or 60mg/ml and 10ml/h, etc. described in the embodiments can be taken, and the specific concentration of the MXene and the injection speed are determined according to actual needs; for another example, the freezing temperature and the freeze-drying time with better effect are given in the embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to the freezing temperature and the freeze-drying time with better effect given in the above embodiment, which may be-30 ℃ and 12h, or-40 ℃, 24h, or-50 ℃, 36h, etc. in the embodiment, the specific freezing temperature and the freeze-drying time may be determined according to the actual needs, that is, the claimed content of the present invention is subject to the scope stated and explained in the claims.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. An MXene fiber aerogel, wherein two-dimensional MXene is fibrous, the inside of the two-dimensional MXene fiber is of a three-dimensional porous structure, and a plurality of MXene fibers are stacked in space to form the three-dimensional porous aerogel structure.
2. The method for preparing MXene fiber aerogel of claim 1, comprising the steps of: (1) preparation of MXene aqueous colloid, and (2) preparation of MXene fiber aerogel.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein step (1) comprises mixing HCl solution, MAX (Ti)3AlC2) Adding the powder and LiF into deionized water, mixing and stirring, sealing, and stirring in a water bath kettle; centrifuging and ultrasonically treating the stirred solution, and taking supernatant fluid to obtain MXene water system colloid.
4. As in claimThe process according to claim 3, wherein the HCl solution has a concentration of 6mol L-1～12mol L-1The mass ratio of LiF to HCl solution is 1: 10-1: 25, and LiF to MAX (Ti)3AlC2) The mass ratio of the MXene aqueous colloid is 3: 1-1: 3, the stirring time of a water bath is 12-72 hours, the centrifugation time is 3-10 times, the ultrasonic power is 300-600W, the ultrasonic time is 0.5-2 hours, and the concentration of the prepared MXene aqueous colloid is 5-60 mg/ml.
5. The preparation method of claim 2, wherein the step (2) comprises adding the prepared MXene aqueous colloid into an injection tube, slowly injecting the prepared MXene aqueous colloid into an acetic acid solution through the injection tube, solidifying the solution, washing the solidified MXene aqueous colloid with deionized water, removing the acetic acid solution remained on the fibers to prepare MXene fibers, performing vacuum filtration on the fibers, and performing freeze drying on the filtered MXene fibers to prepare the MXene fiber aerogel.
6. The preparation method according to claim 5, wherein the injection rate is 0.5ml/h to 10ml/h, the acetic acid concentration is 50% to 90%, the freezing temperature is-30 ℃ to-50 ℃, and the freeze-drying time is 12h to 72 h.
7. Use of an MXene fibre aerogel according to claim 1 or obtained by the preparation method according to any one of claims 2 to 6 in a pressure sensor.
8. The use of claim 7, wherein the MXene fiber aerogel is transferred to an interdigitated electrode to produce an MXene fiber aerogel pressure sensor.
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| CN113718371A (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2021-11-30 | 中国科学院苏州纳米技术与纳米仿生研究所 | MXene aerogel fiber, preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114588846A (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2022-06-07 | 武汉理工大学 | Nano cellulose/Ti3C2TXComposite aerogel and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN113718371A (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2021-11-30 | 中国科学院苏州纳米技术与纳米仿生研究所 | MXene aerogel fiber, preparation method and application thereof |
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