CN112397980B - Double-end optical fiber end cap based on two-color phase film - Google Patents

Double-end optical fiber end cap based on two-color phase film Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112397980B
CN112397980B CN202011298879.4A CN202011298879A CN112397980B CN 112397980 B CN112397980 B CN 112397980B CN 202011298879 A CN202011298879 A CN 202011298879A CN 112397980 B CN112397980 B CN 112397980B
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optical fiber
light
wavelength
double
laser
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CN112397980A (en
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郭胜刚
谷亮
张红
高广泽
齐恕贤
高亦飞
李建婷
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China Ordnance Equipment Research Institute
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
    • H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
    • H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
    • H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
    • H01S3/06708—Constructional details of the fibre, e.g. compositions, cross-section, shape or tapering
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/255—Splicing of light guides, e.g. by fusion or bonding
    • G02B6/2551—Splicing of light guides, e.g. by fusion or bonding using thermal methods, e.g. fusion welding by arc discharge, laser beam, plasma torch
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/262—Optical details of coupling light into, or out of, or between fibre ends, e.g. special fibre end shapes or associated optical elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/005—Optical devices external to the laser cavity, specially adapted for lasers, e.g. for homogenisation of the beam or for manipulating laser pulses, e.g. pulse shaping
    • H01S3/0085—Modulating the output, i.e. the laser beam is modulated outside the laser cavity

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Lasers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a double-end optical fiber end cap based on a two-color phase film, which comprises a first quartz waveguide, a second quartz waveguide and an optical fiber connected between the two quartz waveguides. The first quartz waveguide is used for inputting and reflecting light with specific wavelength; the first quartz waveguide comprises a first curvature part, a first cylindrical part and a first conical part; the optical fiber is divided into a pumping transmission optical fiber and a gain optical fiber; the second quartz waveguide is used for outputting the light with the specific wavelength and reflecting the light with the specific wavelength; the second quartz waveguide includes a second tapered section, a second cylindrical section, and a second curvature section. The invention makes the light with characteristic wavelength pass through the quartz waveguide with curvature part through the quartz waveguide at the two ends of the optical fiber and the transmission and reflection action of different two-color phase films arranged on the surface of the curvature part of the quartz waveguide to different wavelengths, so that the light is transmitted and reflected in different optical fibers, and the safety of the cladding light filtering and laser system maintenance is achieved through the cut-off action of the two-color phase films.

Description

Double-end optical fiber end cap based on two-color phase film
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of laser application, and particularly relates to a double-end optical fiber end cap based on a two-color phase film for a spatial optical fiber laser system.
Background
With the development of fiber lasers, the application fields of the fiber lasers are wider and wider, and the fiber lasers have been developed towards aging, practicability and industrialization. In recent years, with the application of material technology, high-power-resistant double-clad fiber manufacturing technology and ultra-high-power semiconductor lasers, the output power of a single-link high-power fiber laser is rapidly increased, a traditional fiber end cap is used for inputting pump light and outputting laser, an anti-reflection film needs to be plated on the end face, the end cap or the fiber is not damaged by laser feedback, and only the transmission function of the light is achieved. Meanwhile, the nonlinear effect caused by the fiber length and the pump power increase is a bottleneck affecting the power increase. The nonlinear threshold can be effectively improved by reducing the length of the optical fiber to the maximum extent.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
The invention provides a double-end optical fiber end cap based on a two-color phase film, which aims to solve the technical problems of realizing cladding light filtering and maintaining the safety of a laser system.
(II) technical scheme
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a dual-end optical fiber end cap based on a two-color phase film, which includes a first quartz waveguide, a second quartz waveguide, and an optical fiber connected between the first quartz waveguide and the second quartz waveguide; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the first quartz waveguide is used for inputting and reflecting light with specific wavelength; the first quartz waveguide includes a first curvature portion, a first cylindrical portion, and a first tapered portion according to a transmission direction of light; the first curvature part is designed according to the numerical aperture of the input light of the pump optical fiber, so that the light can effectively enter the fiber core of the optical fiber when being input and reflected by the first curvature part; the length of the first cylindrical part is designed according to the numerical aperture of input light; the cone facet part of the first cone part is welded with the optical fiber;
the optical fiber is divided into a pumping transmission optical fiber and a gain optical fiber;
the second quartz waveguide is used for outputting the light with the specific wavelength and reflecting the light with the specific wavelength; the second quartz waveguide includes a second taper portion, a second cylindrical portion, and a second curvature portion according to a transmission direction of light; wherein the taper facet part of the second taper part is welded with the optical fiber; the length of the second cylinder part is designed according to the numerical aperture of input light; the second curvature is designed to transmit light to ensure that light can effectively enter the core of the optical fiber when reflected by the second curvature.
Further, the first quartz waveguide and the second quartz waveguide are both made of high-purity fused quartz materials, and are integrally manufactured by adopting an optical processing method.
Further, the length of the first column portion and the second column portion is not less than 10mm.
Further, the size of the cone facet of the first cone part is 2-3 times of the diameter of the inner cladding of the optical fiber.
Further, the first curvature surface of the first quartz waveguide is provided with a first film layer for characteristic wavelength transmission and reflection.
Furthermore, the first film layer is a dichromatic phase film, and film layers with different specifications are used according to different functions of the double-end optical fiber end cap; when the double-end optical fiber end cap is used for pumping transmission, the first film layer is a short-pass two-color phase film, the cut-off wavelength of the short-pass two-color phase film is positioned between the pump light and the laser wavelength, the high transmission of the short-pass two-color phase film is lower than that of the cut-off wavelength, and the high reflection of the short-pass two-color phase film is higher than that of the cut-off wavelength; when the double-end optical fiber end cap is used for laser oscillation, the first film layer is a short-pass two-color phase film, and the cut-off wavelength of the first film layer is smaller than the wavelength of pump light and laser light; when the double-end optical fiber end cap is used for outputting laser, the first film layer is a long-pass two-color film, the cut-off wavelength of the long-pass two-color film is located between the pump light and the laser wavelength, the high reflection is lower than the cut-off wavelength of the long-pass two-color film, and the high transmission is higher than the cut-off wavelength of the long-pass two-color film.
Further, the second curvature surface of the second quartz waveguide is provided with a second film layer for specific wavelength transmission and reflection.
Furthermore, the second film layer is a dichromatic phase film, and film layers with different specifications are used according to different functions of the double-end optical fiber end cap; when the double-end optical fiber end cap is used for pump transmission, the second film layer is a short-pass two-color phase film, and the cut-off wavelength of the second film layer is positioned between the pump light and the laser wavelength; when the double-end optical fiber end cap is used for laser oscillation, the second film layer is a long-pass two-color-phase film, and the cut-off wavelength of the second film layer is positioned between the pump light and the laser wavelength; when the double-end optical fiber end cap is used for laser output, the second film layer is a long-pass two-color phase film, and the cut-off wavelength of the second film layer is positioned between the pump light and the laser wavelength.
In addition, the invention also provides a single-oscillation fiber laser, wherein the double-headed fiber end caps respectively used for pumping input, laser oscillation and laser output are connected according to the sequence of the pumping input, the laser oscillation and the laser output, and the two double-headed fiber end caps are fixed by using a fixing clamp.
(III) advantageous effects
The invention provides a double-end optical fiber end cap based on a two-color phase film, which comprises a first quartz waveguide, a second quartz waveguide and an optical fiber connected between the first quartz waveguide and the second quartz waveguide. The first quartz waveguide is used for inputting and reflecting light with specific wavelength; the first quartz waveguide includes a first curvature portion, a first cylindrical portion, and a first tapered portion according to a transmission direction of light; the optical fiber is divided into a pumping transmission optical fiber and a gain optical fiber; the second quartz waveguide is used for outputting the light with the specific wavelength and reflecting the light with the specific wavelength; the second quartz waveguide includes a second taper portion, a second cylindrical portion, and a second curvature portion according to the transmission direction of light.
The invention enables light with characteristic wavelength to pass through the quartz waveguide with the curvature part through the quartz waveguides at two ends of the optical fiber and the transmission and reflection action of different two-color phase films arranged on the surface of the curvature part of the quartz waveguide to different wavelengths, so that the light is transmitted and reflected in different optical fibers, and the safety of a cladding light filtering and laser system maintenance is achieved through the cut-off action of the two-color phase films.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a two-headed optical fiber endcap based on a two-color film in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic of a laser for a two-headed, dichroic film-based optical fiber endcap of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, contents and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description of the present invention will be made in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples.
The invention provides a double-end optical fiber end cap based on a two-color film, which has a structure shown in figure 1 and comprises a first quartz waveguide 1, a second quartz waveguide 3 and an optical fiber 2 connected between the first quartz waveguide 1 and the second quartz waveguide 3.
The first quartz waveguide 1 is a high-purity fused quartz material and is integrally manufactured by an optical processing method for inputting and reflecting light of a specific wavelength. The first quartz waveguide 1 includes a first curvature section 11, a first cylindrical section 12, and a first tapered section 13 depending on the light transmission direction. The first curvature part 11 is designed according to the numerical aperture of the input light of the pump fiber, so that the light can effectively enter the fiber core of the optical fiber 2 when being input and reflected by the first curvature part 11. The length of the first cylindrical portion 12 is designed according to the numerical aperture of the input light, and the length is not less than 10mm, so that the first cylindrical portion can be clamped and fixed conveniently. The cone facet part of the first cone part 13 is welded with the optical fiber 2, and is designed according to the specification of the optical fiber 2, so that the size of the cone facet is 2-3 times of the diameter of the inner cladding of the optical fiber 2.
The double-end optical fiber end cap is divided into three types of pumping transmission, laser oscillation and laser output. The optical fiber 2 is divided into a pump transmission fiber and a gain fiber according to the type of the double-ended optical fiber end cap.
The second quartz waveguide 3 is also a high-purity fused quartz material and is integrally fabricated by optical processing for output of light of a specific wavelength and reflection of light of a specific wavelength. The second quartz waveguide 3 includes a second taper portion 21, a second cylindrical portion 22, and a second curvature portion 23 depending on the light transmission direction. The taper facet part of the second taper part 21 is fused with the optical fiber 2, and is designed according to the specification of the optical fiber 2, so that the size of the taper facet is 2-3 times of the diameter of the inner cladding of the optical fiber 2. The length of the second cylinder portion 22 is designed according to the numerical aperture of the input light, and the length is not less than 10mm, so that the clamping fixation is facilitated. The second curvature 23 is designed to transmit light to ensure that light can efficiently enter the core of the optical fiber 2 when reflected by the second curvature 23.
The first curved portion 11 of the first quartz waveguide 1 is provided with a first film layer 4 on the surface thereof for characteristic wavelength transmission and reflection. The first film layer 4 is a dichroic film, and different specifications of film layers are used according to different functions of the double-ended optical fiber end cap. When the double-end optical fiber end cap is used for pumping transmission, the first film layer 4 is a short-pass two-color phase film, the cut-off wavelength of the short-pass two-color phase film is positioned between the pump light and the laser wavelength, the high transmission of the short-pass two-color phase film is lower than that of the cut-off wavelength, and the high reflection of the short-pass two-color phase film is higher than that of the cut-off wavelength; when the double-end optical fiber end cap is used for laser oscillation, the first film layer 4 is a short-pass two-color phase film, and the cut-off wavelength of the short-pass two-color phase film is smaller than the wavelength of pump light and laser light; when the dual-head optical fiber end cap is used for laser output, the first film layer 4 is a long-pass two-color phase film, the cut-off wavelength of the long-pass two-color phase film is between the pump light and the laser wavelength, the light with the reflection lower than the cut-off wavelength is high, and the light with the transmission higher than the cut-off wavelength is high.
The second curved portion 23 surface of the second quartz waveguide 3 is provided with a second film layer 5 for specific wavelength transmission and reflection. The second film layer 5 is a dichroic film, and film layers of different specifications are used according to different functions of the double-ended optical fiber end cap. When the double-end optical fiber end cap is used for pump transmission, the second film layer 5 is a short-pass two-color phase film, and the cut-off wavelength of the short-pass two-color phase film is positioned between the pump light and the laser wavelength; when the double-end optical fiber end cap is used for laser oscillation, the second film layer 5 is a long-pass two-color phase film, and the cut-off wavelength of the second film layer is positioned between the pump light and the laser wavelength; when the dual-head fiber end cap is used for laser output, the second film layer 5 is a long-pass two-color phase film, and the cut-off wavelength of the film is located between the pump light and the laser wavelength.
The invention designs and manufactures the quartz waveguide with the curvature part, the cylindrical part and the conical part through simulation and calculation, so that light can be output in a collimation way through the curvature part or can be input in a convergence way through the curvature part, and simultaneously, different two-color phase films are plated on the curvature parts at the two ends of the double-end optical fiber end cap, so that the light reaches characteristic wavelengths at different parts and is transmitted and reflected by specific wavelengths, thereby realizing the transmission of the light, the laser oscillation and the filtering of cladding light.
Kilowatt-level single oscillation fiber lasers can be constructed by using the three bichromatic film-based dual-end fiber end caps of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 2.
When the kilowatt-level single-oscillation optical fiber laser is built, a proper pumping source is selected, and a mature high-power semiconductor laser is utilized, wherein the output light characteristic is that an output light spot is 10mm, the numerical aperture is 0.22, and the wavelength is 915nm +/-5 nm.
According to the output light characteristics of the high-power semiconductor laser, the first quartz waveguide 1 of the double-end optical fiber end cap is designed, so that light output by the high-power semiconductor laser can be coupled into the optical fiber 2 after passing through the first quartz waveguide 1.
Dichroic films having different functions are plated on the first curvature 11 of the first quartz waveguide 1 and the second curvature 23 of the second quartz waveguide 3 according to the function of the double-ended fiber end cap.
When the double-end optical fiber end cap is used for pumping transmission, the first film layer 4 and the second film layer 5 are short-pass two-color phase films; when the double-end optical fiber end cap is used for laser oscillation, the first film layer 4 is a short-pass two-color-phase film, and the second film layer 5 is a long-pass two-color-phase film; when the double-ended optical fiber end cap is used as laser output, the first film layer 4 and the second film layer 5 are long-pass two-color phase films.
According to the laser design, output light is 1080nm, input pump light is 915nm, the dichromatic film cut-off wavelength of the second quartz waveguide 2 for pump transmission, laser oscillation and laser output is 1000nm, and the dichromatic film cut-off wavelength of the first quartz waveguide 1 for laser oscillation is 900nm.
The double-end optical fiber end cap and the pump transmission optical fiber fusion splice that will be used for the pump transmission will be used for laser oscillation's double-end optical fiber end cap and gain fiber fusion splice, will be used for laser output's double-end optical fiber end cap and pump transmission optical fiber fusion splice. The optical fiber size was 20/400. Mu.m.
The double-end optical fiber end caps for pumping input, laser oscillation and laser output are connected according to the sequence of the pumping input, the laser oscillation and the laser output, and the two double-end optical fiber end caps are fixed by using a fixing clamp to form the single-oscillation optical fiber laser.
The working process of the single-oscillation fiber laser is as follows: when the high-power semiconductor laser outputs pump light, the pump light is coupled into a pump transmission optical fiber through a first quartz waveguide input by a pump, then the pump light is output through a second quartz waveguide input by the pump, enters a first quartz waveguide oscillated by laser and is coupled into a gain optical fiber, the pump light enters the gain optical fiber to generate oscillation radiation, laser is generated and output through the second quartz waveguide oscillated by the laser, meanwhile, the second quartz waveguide reflects and couples the transmitted pump light back into the gain optical fiber, laser is generated, the pump light and the laser reach the first quartz waveguide and are reflected and coupled into the gain optical fiber, and therefore laser oscillation is generated and the laser is output. The redundant pump light achieves the light filtering effect due to the action of the two-color phase film of the first quartz waveguide output by the laser, so that a laser system can be protected; meanwhile, through the arrangement of cut-off wavelength, the dichroic films of the first quartz waveguide and the second quartz waveguide of laser oscillation can achieve the reflection effect of characteristic wavelength, and indirectly become a grating to form laser oscillation.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications should be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A dual-headed optical fiber endcap based on a two-color film, the dual-headed optical fiber endcap comprising a first quartz waveguide, a second quartz waveguide, and an optical fiber connected between the first quartz waveguide and the second quartz waveguide; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the first quartz waveguide is used for inputting and reflecting light with specific wavelength; the first quartz waveguide comprises a first curvature part, a first cylindrical part and a first conical part according to the transmission direction of light; the first curvature part is designed according to the numerical aperture of the input light of the pump optical fiber, so that the light can effectively enter the fiber core of the optical fiber when being input and reflected by the first curvature part; the length of the first cylindrical part is designed according to the numerical aperture of input light; the cone facet part of the first cone part is welded with the optical fiber; the surface of the first curvature part of the first quartz waveguide is provided with a first film layer for transmission and reflection of characteristic wavelengths, the first film layer is a dichromatic phase film, and film layers with different specifications are used according to different functions of the double-end optical fiber end cap; when the double-end optical fiber end cap is used for pumping transmission, the first film layer is a short-pass two-color phase film, the cut-off wavelength of the short-pass two-color phase film is positioned between the pump light and the laser wavelength, the high transmission of the short-pass two-color phase film is lower than that of the cut-off wavelength, and the high reflection of the short-pass two-color phase film is higher than that of the cut-off wavelength; when the double-end optical fiber end cap is used for laser oscillation, the first film layer is a short-pass two-color phase film, and the cut-off wavelength of the first film layer is smaller than the wavelength of pump light and laser light; when the double-end optical fiber end cap is used for outputting laser, the first film layer is a long-pass two-color phase film, the cut-off wavelength of the long-pass two-color phase film is positioned between the pump light and the laser wavelength, the high reflection of the long-pass two-color phase film is lower than that of the pump light, and the high transmission of the long-pass two-color phase film is higher than that of the pump light;
the optical fiber is divided into a pumping transmission optical fiber and a gain optical fiber;
the second quartz waveguide is used for outputting the light with the specific wavelength and reflecting the light with the specific wavelength; the second quartz waveguide includes a second taper portion, a second cylindrical portion, and a second curvature portion according to a transmission direction of light; wherein the taper facet part of the second taper part is welded with the optical fiber; the length of the second cylinder part is designed according to the numerical aperture of input light; the second curvature part is designed according to transmitted light, and the light can effectively enter the fiber core of the optical fiber when being reflected by the second curvature part; a second film layer is arranged on the surface of a second curvature part of the second quartz waveguide and used for transmission and reflection of specific wavelengths, the second film layer is a dichromatic phase film, and film layers with different specifications are used according to different functions of the double-end optical fiber end cap; when the double-end optical fiber end cap is used for pump transmission, the second film layer is a short-pass two-color phase film, and the cut-off wavelength of the second film layer is positioned between the pump light and the laser wavelength; when the double-end optical fiber end cap is used for laser oscillation, the second film layer is a long-pass two-color-phase film, and the cut-off wavelength of the second film layer is positioned between the pump light and the laser wavelength; when the double-end optical fiber end cap is used for laser output, the second film layer is a long-pass two-color phase film, and the cut-off wavelength of the second film layer is positioned between the pump light and the laser wavelength.
2. The double-ended optical fiber end cap of claim 1, wherein said first and second quartz waveguides are each of high purity fused silica material and are integrally formed by optical machining.
3. The double-ended fiber end cap of claim 1, wherein the first and second barrel portions have a length of no less than 10mm.
4. The double-ended optical fiber end cap of claim 1, wherein the taper facet size of the first taper portion is between 2 and 3 times the diameter of the optical fiber inner cladding.
5. A single oscillating fiber laser, wherein the single oscillating fiber laser connects the double-ended fiber end caps according to any one of claims 1 to 4 for pump input, laser oscillation and laser output, respectively, in the order of pump input, laser oscillation and laser output, and the two double-ended fiber end caps are fixed by using a fixing jig.
CN202011298879.4A 2020-11-19 2020-11-19 Double-end optical fiber end cap based on two-color phase film Active CN112397980B (en)

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CN104901155B (en) * 2015-06-17 2018-07-13 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 A kind of high power optical fibre laser coupling pump light expands output device with signal light
CN108572420B (en) * 2018-07-20 2024-02-02 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 Bidirectional optical fiber end cap with laser beam expansion output and reflection functions and application thereof
CN108879303B (en) * 2018-07-20 2023-11-14 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 All-fiber oscillator based on all-reflection and partial-reflection bidirectional fiber end caps
CN109244809B (en) * 2018-10-23 2023-11-07 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 Region coating end cap group for inhibiting unstable mode and application thereof
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