CN1123965C - Production method of phase-based pulse width modulated sinusoidal voltage waveform data - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a production method of phase-based pulse width modulated sinusoidal voltage waveform data. Firstly, a frequency measurement parameter N<F> and an arithmetic product that X is multiplied by N<F> are obtained; the waveform parameter of a modulation wave and a constant amplitude ratio parameter are selected; the change quantity of the modulation wave is calculated; the waveform data of the modulation wave is calculated according to the waveform parameter and the change quantity of the modulation wave by calculating clock pulse signal control; simultaneously, pulse count is carried out on count clock pulse signals for obtaining a phase meter numerical value; the waveform data of a reference wave is generated according to the phase parameter of the reference wave and the phase meter numerical value; the waveform data of the modulation wave and the data of the reference wave are compared for obtaining impulse level data which is combined with the phase meter numerical value to become width pulse modulation waveform data. The method of the present invention can generate a sinusoidal voltage pulse width modulation wave under the control of phase synchronization. The produced sinusoidal voltage pulse width modulation wave has good performance on a harmonic wave and the symmetry of each phase and can provide digitized regulation and control methods for visual, simple and convenient control.

Description

A kind of production method of the pulse width modulated sinusoidal voltage waveform data based on phase place

Technical field:

The present invention relates to a kind of production method of the pulse width modulated sinusoidal voltage waveform data based on phase place, belong to the electric and electronic technical field in the electric power system control.

Background technology:

The sinusoidal voltage pulse width modulated wave is a kind ofly to have definite amplitude but the rectangular pulse signal of pulse width variations, comprises a main sinusoidal voltage fundametal compoment in this signal.The sinusoidal voltage pulse width modulated wave is widely used in the inverter of electric power system, and the turn-on and turn-off by power electronic device under sort signal control can realize the conversion of electric energy from direct current to interchange.It with reference to the international standard number " power electronic technology " book of 7111056175, the basic skills that produces the sinusoidal voltage pulse width modulated wave is the amplitude of comparison modulating wave and reference wave, and export high-low level according to big or small result, thereby obtain the sinusoidal voltage pulse width modulated wave.In said method, modulating wave generally adopts triangular signal, and reference wave can adopt the signal of forms such as sine wave or trapezoidal wave.The part generation takes place by waveform separately in modulating wave and reference wave, and frequency and amplitude that waveform takes place are all adjustable.The frequency F of the fundametal compoment of sinusoidal voltage pulse width modulated wave equals with reference to wave frequency, just can control fundamental frequency so regulate the reference wave occurrence frequency.The occurrence frequency of modulating wave can be fixed, and also can be adjustable, but the ratio of frequency of modulated wave and reference wave frequency is an important parameter of sinusoidal voltage pulse-width modulation, and this parameter is commonly referred to as carrier wave ratio P.Waveform relationship between carrier wave ratio P and modulating wave and the reference wave will influence the high order harmonic component characteristic of the pulse width modulated wave of output.On the other hand, if the adjustable amplitude value of modulating wave and reference wave so just can change the ratio M of reference wave amplitude and modulating wave amplitude, this ratio M is called modulation ratio.When M＜1, the first-harmonic sinusoidal component V of sinusoidal voltage pulse width modulated wave is directly proportional with modulation ratio M.In addition, electric machine speed regulation has extensively adopted V/F than constant control in using, and promptly requires the fundametal compoment V of the sinusoidal voltage pulse width modulated wave adjusting that is directly proportional with fundamental frequency F.Analyze as can be known thus, can realize that V/F is than constant control as long as regulate modulation ratio M according to fundamental frequency F direct proportion.Also provided the software implementation method that utilizes little process chip such as single-chip microcomputer, DSP, CPU to produce the sinusoidal voltage pulse width modulated wave in the list of references.This method is according to the basic principle of aforesaid modulating wave and reference wave comparative approach, by approximate modes such as natural sampling or rule sampling or direct pulse-width modulations, derive the computing formula of pulse duration, software implementation method is exactly the pulse width data sequence that obtains the sinusoidal voltage pulse width modulated wave by the calculating of these formula, and according to retention time of this group Data Control pulse output level, thereby obtain pulse-width modulation waveform.

The production method of above-mentioned sinusoidal voltage pulse width modulated wave comes with some shortcomings.At first, these methods can't know the pulse of sending out corresponding to the phase angle of first-harmonic, also just can not directly produce pulse width modulated wave based on phase angle.These methods can be destroyed the integrality of a primitive period sinusoidal voltage pulse width modulated wave when parameters such as dynamic adjustments fundamental frequency F, modulation ratio M and carrier wave ratio P, increase harmonic content, and if just can avoid this situation based on phase place generation pulse fully.Moreover, because signal and data that said method produces do not comprise phase angle information, so be not easy to realize pulse generation under the Phase synchronization control yet.

The Analog Circuit Design of said method realizes more complicated, and often can not satisfy the control requirement that multiple performance is taken into account.These controls require to comprise carrier wave ratio P according to the self adaptation adjustment of fundamental frequency F, modulating wave waveform corresponding to the adjusting of the symmetry control of reference wave, modulation ratio M and V/F than constant control etc.And the simulation implementation is cumbersome in operation control, and intuitive is poor, and system is subjected to temperature and noise jamming easily, and precision and stability are low.For this reason, wish to adopt digital form to produce pulse width modulated sinusoidal voltage waveform.Yet, realize that the pulse-width modulation data computing produces if adopt software mode, because pulse generation needs constantly to calculate pulse-width data according to running parameters such as fundamental frequency F, modulation ratio M and carrier wave ratio P, could guarantee for the pulse generation partial continuous the pulse-width data sequence is provided, programmed algorithm and execution work amount are all very big, if and pulse output way increases, amount of calculation will be doubled and redoubled.On the other hand, also can comprise other control algolithm in the software design of a control system, how software programming just must consideration avoid the conflict of program execution like this, and how to avoid occurring operating delay and data disappearance.In fact, adopt software design to realize that the generation of sinusoidal voltage pulse width modulated wave also is very complicated, and if during design layer of structure clear inadequately, program priority is misorient, will produce wrong waveform, reduces reliability.

Summary of the invention:

The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of production method of the pulse width modulated sinusoidal voltage waveform data based on phase place, the pulse width modulated wave graphic data that this method produces not only can reflect that impulse level changes, and can provide the fundamental phase angle that the respective pulses level changes, also cooperate corresponding pulse generating method again based on these data, can produce sinusoidal voltage pulse width modulated wave signal; Can realize the self adaptation adjustment of carrier wave ratio P according to fundamental frequency F based on this method, realize the symmetry control of modulating wave waveform corresponding to reference wave, the adjusting of realization modulation ratio M and V/F are than constant control; Can adopt simple numerical logical courses such as counting, addition, Compare Logic and storage to realize based on this method, thereby digitized control measures can be provided.

The production method based on the pulse width modulated sinusoidal voltage waveform data of phase place that the present invention proposes may further comprise the steps:

1, adopting fixed frequency is F _ClkThe clock signal clk square-wave pulse signal sig that frequency synthesis partly produces to front end carry out frequency measurement, obtain the frequency measurement parameter N _F, perhaps utilize formula $N_F=\frac{F_{\mathrm{clk}}}{K\&times;F},$ Obtain N _F, foundation is obtained product X * N by the control range of the frequency F of sinusoidal voltage pulse width modulated wave fundametal compoment and the controllable parameter X that is provided with by modulation ratio M again _F, the frequency of above-mentioned sig is K a times of fundamental frequency F, K=(0.01～10) * N _S, N _SFor phase sample selected in each sinusoidal voltage pulse width modulated wave primitive period is counted the frequency F of clock signal clk _ClkSatisfy F _Clk＞K * F, F are the upper control limit of fundamental frequency F.

2, according to parameter N _FPerhaps fundamental frequency F select the modulating wave waveform parameter and etc. amplitude ratio parameter ER, modulating wave waveform parameter wherein comprises that count substantially PL, cycle of cycle counts and adjust sign indicating number RCODE and cycle and count and adjust the length RCLEN of sign indicating number.

3, according to the controllable parameter Y that sets by modulation ratio M,, calculate modulating wave variable quantity GX, perhaps the data X * N that obtains according to above-mentioned the 1st step according to formula GX=Y * ER _F, according to formula GX=2 ^-k* X * N _F* ER calculates modulating wave variable quantity GX, and wherein k adjusts parameter by the data bits that the output area of GX is set.

4, calculating under the clock pulse signal control, waveform parameter PL, the RCLEN and the RCODE and the above-mentioned the 3rd that obtain according to above-mentioned the 2nd step go on foot the modulating wave variable quantity GX that obtains, and calculate modulating wave Wave data CD according to modulating wave amplitude increase and decrease operation method.Calculating process is as follows:

1. according to adjusting code length RCLEN,, obtain adjusting figure place RN to adjusting the position count pulse from 0 to RCLEN-1 cycle count.

2. select to adjust the data of RN position among the sign indicating number RCODE as adjusting signal output according to adjusting figure place RN.

3. according to the cycle PL that counts substantially, when adjusting invalidating signal, select the cycle L=PL that counts; When adjusting signal when effective, select the cycle L=PL+1 that counts.

4. according to the cycle L that counts, carry out fragmentation count and judgement to calculating clock pulse signal, output has one group of increase and decrease control signal and adjustment counting pulse signal of ' increasing ', ' subtracting ', ' maintenances ' and ' resetting ' four kinds of states.

5. calculating under the clock pulse signal control, the modulation wave amplitude is being increased and decreased calculating, obtaining modulating wave Wave data CD according to above-mentioned increase and decrease control signal and modulating wave variable quantity GX.

5, carry out step-by-step counting to calculating clock pulse signal, obtain phase meter numerical value PH.

6, by the phase relation between each road sinusoidal voltage pulse width modulated wave, set the reference wave phase parameter of each phase, then according to this parameter and above-mentioned phase meter numerical value PH, from reference wave waveform memory space, read the reference wave Wave data RD of each phase ₁～RD _i, i wherein is the number of phases that needs the sinusoidal voltage pulse width modulated wave of output.

7, to above-mentioned the 4th modulating wave Wave data CD that obtains of step and above-mentioned the 6th step obtain respectively with reference to wave datum RD ₁～RD _iMake comparisons successively, compare size, and the binary coded value of each phase is combined as impulse level data PB by binary coding.

8, the phase meter numerical value PH combination that obtains by impulse level data PB and above-mentioned the 5th step, become the pulse width modulated wave graphic data, and finally export effective pulse width modulated wave graphic data, after handling the pulse width modulated wave graphic data of a phase point at every turn, export one and calculate clock pulse signal, this calculates the computing of clock pulse signal in order to control modulating wave Wave data CD in above-mentioned the 4th step, and produces phase meter numerical value PH in order in above-mentioned the 5th step it is carried out step-by-step counting.

The production method that the present invention proposes based on the pulse width modulated sinusoidal voltage waveform data of phase place, the pulse width modulated wave graphic data of output not only can reflect that impulse level changes, and can provide the fundamental phase angle that the respective pulses level changes, also cooperate corresponding pulse generating method again based on these data, can produce sinusoidal voltage pulse width modulated wave signal, thereby realize that easily the sinusoidal voltage pulse width modulated wave under the Phase synchronization control takes place.The inventive method can realize the self adaptation adjustment of carrier wave ratio P according to fundamental frequency F, can realize of the symmetry control of modulating wave waveform corresponding to reference wave, can also realize that the adjusting of modulation ratio M and V/F are than constant control, so the inventive method controlled function is complete, obtains the sinusoidal voltage pulse width modulated wave that data produce according to the present invention and on harmonic wave and each symmetrical property, have good performance.The inventive method can adopt simple numerical logical courses such as counting, addition, Compare Logic and storage to realize, thereby digitized control measures can be provided, and control is got up intuitively easy.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is the theory diagram of production method that the present invention is based on the pulse width modulated sinusoidal voltage waveform data of phase place.

Fig. 2 is the theory diagram that the modulating wave amplitude increase and decrease operation method in the part takes place modulating wave Wave data of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is L=8,9,10 and 11 o'clock, the discrete waveform of the modulation cycle that modulating wave amplitude increase and decrease operation method of the present invention produces.

Fig. 4 is the modulating wave waveform parameter table of the embodiment of the invention.

Embodiment:

Fig. 1 has provided the theory diagram of the production method of the pulse width modulated sinusoidal voltage waveform data that the present invention is based on phase place, is described in detail as follows further combined with this theory diagram each step to the inventive method:

1, the signal sig of input frequency measurement part is that a frequency is the K square-wave pulse signal doubly of the frequency F of sinusoidal voltage pulse width modulated wave fundametal compoment, the upper control limit of fundamental frequency F is F, and frequency K generally can get K=(0.01～10) * N _S, the N here _SBe that phase sample in each sinusoidal voltage pulse width modulated wave primitive period is counted, N in other words _SBe the number that the pulse width modulated wave data computation is judged in each primitive period, N _SBe positive integer, and N _SBig more pulse data precision is high more.In the frequency measurement part a fixing clock signal clk is arranged, its frequency is F _Clk, and should satisfy F _Clk＞K * F.The step-by-step counting number at sig clock signal clk in the signal period is partly added up in frequency measurement, and with this count value as output parameter N _FFurther, count the pulse number of X sig clock signal clk1 in the signal period, so this count value is exactly output parameter X * N according to the controllable parameter X that is provided with by fundamental frequency F control range and modulation ratio M _FThus obtained N _FAnd X * N _FMethod be equivalent to following computing formula: $N_F=\frac{F_{\mathrm{clk}}}{K\&times;F};$ $X\&times;N_F=\frac{X\&times;F_{\mathrm{clk}}}{K\&times;F}$ 。

If, also can adopt computational methods to obtain parameter N according to above-mentioned formula directly with fundamental frequency F numerical value input native system _FAnd X * N _F

2, according to parameter N _FPerhaps fundamental frequency F select the modulating wave waveform parameter and etc. amplitude ratio parameter ER, the modulating wave waveform parameter be comprise cycle count substantially PL, cycle count adjust a sign indicating number RCODE, cycle is counted and is adjusted one group of data of code length RCLEN.Wherein the cycle PL that counts substantially is that the carrier wave ratio P of modulating wave removes the phase sample points N _SInteger quotient, and carrier wave ratio P should select to satisfy 5＜P＜0.1 * N _SInteger.Cycle is counted and adjusted sign indicating number RCODE is a binary data sequence, and its data bit length is exactly RCLEN, and RCLEN gets the positive integer value that satisfies RCLEN≤P.Amplitude ratio parameters such as ER is are got ER=q * P, wherein 0≤q≤1.PL, RCLEN and RCODE will send into modulating wave Wave data generation part as the waveform parameter of modulating wave together; And etc. amplitude ratio parameter ER will send into modulating wave variable quantity calculating section.

3, modulating wave variable quantity calculating section has two kinds of optional working methods: directly control mode and V/F are than constant mode.Under direct control mode, the controllable parameter Y that sets by modulation ratio M and from modulating wave waveform parameter part etc. the product of amplitude ratio parameter ER, will be as modulating wave variable quantity GX, that is:

GX＝Y×ER；

V/F than constant mode under, modulating wave variable quantity GX is according to the 1st data X * N of obtaining of step _FWith etc. amplitude ratio parameter ER calculate according to following formula:

GX＝2 ^-k×X×N _F×ER

Wherein parameter k is that a data bits by the output number range decision of GX is adjusted parameter, and k is an integer.

4, adjust the wave-wave graphic data and part takes place under the control of calculating clock pulse signal, cycle count substantially PL, adjust a sign indicating number RCODE, adjust code length RCLEN and modulating wave variable quantity GX adopts modulating wave amplitude increase and decrease operation method to obtain modulating wave Wave data CD, Fig. 2 has further provided the concrete theory structure of this method.

As shown in Figure 2, adjust the position segment count adjustment position count pulse of fragmentation count and judgment part output counted, adjusting under the code length RCLEN control, when count value RN from 0 count increments behind RCLEN-1, again since 0 cycle count.Count value RN input is adjusted the position and is selected part, chooses the RN bit data of adjusting sign indicating number RCODE, adjusts the position and selects part to adjust signal according to this of data output.Under this adjusted signal controlling, cycle was counted and is selected part to select the cycle L that counts according to parameter PL.When adjusting invalidating signal, select the cycle L=PL that counts; When adjusting signal when effective, select the cycle L=PL+1 that counts.

Then, fragmentation count and judgment part are by counting calculating clock pulse, and judge the segmentation position of phase point in cycle of the modulating wave of forming by L discrete point of current calculating, thereby decision has the output of one group of increase and decrease control signal of ' increasing ', ' subtracting ', ' maintenance ' and ' resetting ' four kinds of states, and produces an adjustment position counting pulse signal.Concrete fragmentation count and determination methods are: a) read in parameter L, and L is divided into low two LL and remaining high-order LH two parts by binary system; B) the 1st of meter calculates clock pulse, and increase and decrease control signal output state is ' resetting '; C) count LH then and calculate clock pulse, increase and decrease control signal output state is ' increasing '; D) if LL equals 2 or 3, to count 1 and calculate clock pulse, increase and decrease control signal output state is ' maintenance '; Otherwise, skip this step; E) count LH again and calculate clock pulse, increase and decrease control signal output state is ' subtracting '; F) if LL equals 1 or 3, to count 1 and calculate clock pulse, increase and decrease control signal output state is ' maintenance '; Otherwise, skip this step; G) count LH again and calculate clock pulse, increase and decrease control signal output state is ' subtracting '; H) if LL equals 2 or 3, to count 1 and calculate clock pulse, increase and decrease control signal output state is ' maintenance '; Otherwise, skip this step; I) count LH-1 at last and calculate clock pulse, increase and decrease control signal output state is ' increasing '; J), when counting last LH-1 pulse, send one and effectively adjust a position count pulse, and return a and go on foot and restart new one and take turns fragmentation count and judgement at aforesaid i in the step.

Above-mentioned this fragmentation count and determination methods are equivalent to according to L and are produced the output state of the pairing increase and decrease control signal of each point on the modulating wave discrete waveform that cycle L order by the 4 remainder situations removed, provide the description of an equivalence below:

(1) if L is 4 integral multiple, the 1st of the corresponding modulating waveform the point then, the increase and decrease control signal is ' resetting '; The $2~(\frac{L}{4}+1)$ Point, the increase and decrease control signal is ' increasing '; The $(\frac{L}{4}+2)~(\frac{3L}{4}+1)$ Point, the increase and decrease control signal is ' subtracting '; The $(\frac{3L}{4}+2)~L$ Point, the increase and decrease control signal is ' increasing ';

(2) if being removed by 4, L surpluss 1, corresponding modulating waveform the 1st point then, and the increase and decrease control signal is ' resetting '; The $2~\left(\frac{L+3}{4}\right)$ Point, the increase and decrease control signal is ' increasing '; The $\left(\frac{L+7}{4}\right)~\left(\frac{L+1}{2}\right)$ Point, the increase and decrease control signal is ' subtracting '; The

Point, the increase and decrease control signal is ' maintenance '; The $\left(\frac{L+5}{2}\right)~\left(\frac{3L+5}{4}\right)$ Point, the increase and decrease control signal is ' subtracting '; The $\left(\frac{3L+9}{4}\right)~L$ Point, the increase and decrease control signal is ' increasing ';

(3) if being removed by 4, L surpluss 2, corresponding modulating waveform the 1st point then, and the increase and decrease control signal is ' resetting '; The $2~\left(\frac{L+2}{4}\right)$ Point, the increase and decrease control signal is ' increasing '; The

Point, the increase and decrease control signal is ' maintenance '; The $\left(\frac{L+10}{4}\right)~\left(\frac{3L+2}{4}\right)$ Point, the increase and decrease control signal is ' subtracting '; The Point, the increase and decrease control signal is ' maintenance '; The $\left(\frac{3L+10}{4}\right)~L$ Point, the increase and decrease control signal is ' increasing ';

(4) if being removed by 4, L surpluss 3, corresponding modulating waveform the 1st point then, and the increase and decrease control signal is ' resetting '; The $2~\left(\frac{L+1}{4}\right)$ Point, the increase and decrease control signal is ' increasing '; The Point, the increase and decrease control signal is ' maintenance '; The $\left(\frac{L+9}{4}\right)~\left(\frac{L+1}{2}\right)$ Point, the increase and decrease control signal is ' subtracting '; The

Point, the increase and decrease control signal is ' maintenance '; The $\left(\frac{L+5}{2}\right)~\left(\frac{3L+3}{4}\right)$ Point, the increase and decrease control signal is ' subtracting '; The

Point, the increase and decrease control signal is ' maintenance '; The $\left(\frac{3L+11}{4}\right)~L$ Point, the increase and decrease control signal is ' increasing '.

And when whenever counting down to the last point of a cycle of modulating wave, produce one to adjust the position count pulse and give and adjust a position segment count, count in order to adjust the discrete of next modulating wave cycle.

Calculating under the clock pulse signal control at last, modulating wave amplitude increase and decrease part calculates modulating wave Wave data CD according to the increase and decrease control signal and the modulating wave variable quantity parameter GX of input.When each calculated the clock pulse arrival, the computation rule of modulating wave waveform was: when the increase and decrease control signal was ' resetting ', modulating wave amplitude CD was set to 0; When the increase and decrease control signal was ' maintenance ', modulating wave amplitude CD remained unchanged; When the increase and decrease control signal was ' increasing ', modulating wave amplitude CD increased progressively GX; When the increase and decrease control signal when ' subtracting ', the modulating wave amplitude CD GX that successively decreases.At last, modulating wave Wave data generating unit branch obtains modulating wave Wave data CD will be input to data comparator, as shown in fig. 1.

5, the phase angle segment count is counted calculating clock pulse, obtains phase meter numerical value PH, count range from 0 to N _S-1, the N here _SBe that phase sample in each primitive period is counted.After pulse width modulated wave graphic data generating unit branch is whenever finished pulse-width modulation waveform data computing, judgement and the storage of a phase sample point, just send one and calculate clock pulse, so phase meter numerical value PH increases 1 to the phase angle segment count; When PH increases to N _S-1, and finish the processing of a primitive period last point pulse width modulated wave graphic data at pulse width modulated wave graphic data generating unit branch after, phase meter numerical value PH is reset to 0.

6, by the phase relation between each road sinusoidal voltage pulse width modulated wave, set the reference wave phase parameter of each phase, with these parameters respectively with current phase meter numerical value PH summation, the result reads the reference wave Wave data RD of each phase then as this mutually current reference wave phase place from the reference wave waveform memory space of corresponding address ₁～RD _i, wherein i is the number of phases of the reference wave waveform of out of phase relation, i is a fixing positive integer.In reference wave waveform memory space, depositing the sample waveform data of reference wave, and the linear corresponding relation of memory address of the pairing phase angle of reference wave Wave data of each sampled point and these data.

7, data comparator is respectively with the reference wave Wave data RD of each phase ₁～RD _iCD compares with modulation wave-wave graphic data, carries out binary coding according to big or small result relatively, if the coding result of respectively comparing is respectively b ₁, b ₂..., b _i, then their step-by-steps are combined as impulse level data PB=b ₁b ₂B _i

8, the pulse-width modulation waveform data unit is combined as the pulse width modulated wave graphic data with impulse level data PB and current phase meter numerical value PH, and exports effective pulse width modulated wave graphic data.Redundancy for fear of data, the effective pulse width modulated wave graphic data that only needs output indicating impulse level to change, so except when phase meter numerical value PH equals outside 0 o'clock pulse width modulated wave graphic data generally always is output, when PH is not equal to 0, the pulse-width modulation waveform data unit will more current point the impulse level data whether the same with more preceding impulse level data, if different then indicating impulse level is exported variation has taken place, the pulse width modulated wave graphic data output that just calculate this some this moment.After handling the pulse width modulated wave graphic data of a phase point, the pulse-width modulation waveform data unit is also exported one and is calculated clock pulse signal at every turn, in order to control modulating wave Wave data part and phase angle segment count takes place.

Adjust Wave data based on the sinusoidal voltage pulsewidth that the inventive method obtains,, just can produce the sinusoidal voltage pulsewidth and adjust ripple if cooperate with corresponding pulse generating method.

The main feature of the inventive method is to start with from the generation of modulating wave discrete waveform, a kind of method that produces pulse width modulated sinusoidal voltage waveform data based on phase angle is provided, the pulse width modulated wave graphic data that is produced not only comprises the variation of impulse level, also comprises corresponding phase angle.

The inventive method can be selected carrier wave ratio P according to fundamental frequency F, thus the pulse frequency of control pulse width modulated wave.Because the inventive method is according to fundamental frequency F or the parameter N that is inversely proportional to F _FSize select the different cycles PL that counts substantially, and PL equals carrier wave ratio P and removes the phase sample points N _SThe merchant, so the value of PL has just directly reflected the size of carrier wave ratio P in the sinusoidal voltage pulse-width modulation, determined the modulation wave frequency.Utilize the selection of PL just can control the pulse frequency of the pulse width modulated wave of final generation, thereby satisfy of the requirement of the power electronic device of different model the driving pulse frequency.Yet, an interior phase sample points N of primitive period _SNot necessarily can be divided exactly by P, so the present invention has further introduced cycle and has counted and adjust sign indicating number RCODE and cycle and count and adjust two parameters of code length RCLEN and compensate remainder, and can also satisfy the modulating wave waveform with respect to the symmetry requirement of primitive period by choosing of these two parameters, this will be illustrated in follow-up discussion.

At first should be noted that, the modulating wave amplitude increase and decrease operation method that aforesaid modulating wave Wave data takes place to be adopted in the part is that a cycle according to the modulating wave L that counts chooses the algorithmic rule of the output state of increase and decrease control signal, and this method makes the signal of a cycle of modulating wave can satisfy odd symmetry.Fig. 3 has provided the discrete waveform of a cycle of modulating wave when L is respectively 8,9,10,11, no matter how many L is by 4 remainders that remove, modulation waveform all is odd symmetric.Further, if choose the phase sample points N _SWith carrier wave ratio P all be 3 integral multiple, so can may situations be discussed according to two kinds.First kind of situation is to work as N _SIn the time of can dividing exactly P, this moment N _S=P * PL is an odd symmetry by the modulating wave waveform in the primitive period of P all wave component of modulation.Have again, if this discrete modulating wave carries out 120 ° of phase shifts according to the fundamental phase angle, promptly according to the translation on time shaft of phase sample point Point, the waveform that obtains like this will be just the same with former modulation waveform, so work as N _SIn the time of can dividing exactly P, modulation waveform also has the three-phase symmetry.Second kind of situation is to work as N _SIn the time of can not dividing exactly P, suppose NS=P * PL+R (0＜R＜P), in a primitive period, will there be P-R modulation cycle to comprise PL sampled point like this, there be other R modulation cycle to comprise PL+1 sampled point, if these two kinds modulation cycles are evenly arranged according to certain rule, just can guarantee the odd symmetry of modulating wave of a primitive period and three symmetrical.For this reason, the present invention has introduced the rule of arranging that RCLEN and RCODE two parameters are controlled different cycles of counting.

Because N _SIf=P * PL+R is N _SWith P be 3 multiple, R necessarily also is 3 multiple.So design can guarantee that modulating wave has at least Individual cycle is a period of change, thereby satisfies the three-phase symmetry, if

The cycle that individual PL+1 is ordered is at this The distribution of both sides symmetry in the period of change of individual all wave components can be satisfied the odd symmetry of whole primitive period internal modulation ripple.Like this, the arrangement mode of cycle has also just been formed an adjustment sign indicating number RCODE, and the length of RCODE is RCLEN.Such as, when selecting N _S=3600, during P=21,3600=21 * 171+9 has 21 modulation cycles in a primitive period, and wherein, there are 171 points in 12 cycles, and there are 172 points in 9 cycles.To guarantee at first that three is symmetrical, then as long as consider how 4 171 cycles (representing with 0) and 3 172 cycles (representing with 1) are arranged in 7 modulation cycles in 120 ° of the first-harmonics.Adopt row's method of both sides symmetry,, can realize the odd symmetry of modulating wave such as being arranged as 0011100,0101010 or 1001001.If select row's method of 0101010, the modulating wave cycle is counted and is arranged as in the whole primitive period: 171,172,171,172,171,172,171; 171,172,171,172,171,172,171; 171,172,171,172,171,172,171.So for carrier wave ratio N _S=3600, the situation of P=21, cycle is counted and is adjusted sign indicating number RCODE=" 0101010 ", its length RCLEN=7.

If modulating wave has odd symmetry, can guarantee substantially that pulse width modulated wave does not contain DC component; If the modulating wave three of a primitive period is symmetrical, can guarantee when producing the three phase sine voltage pulse width modulated wave of 120 ° of mutual deviations that then three of output voltage are symmetrical.So the inventive method just can satisfy the symmetrical performance requirement of sinusoidal voltage pulse width modulated wave by Control Parameter RCLEN and RCODE.

When changing carrier wave ratio P according to fundamental frequency F, the amplitude A of modulating wave _ΔShould not change thereupon.For this reason, than P, modulating wave waveform parameter part is also exported amplitude ratio Control Parameter ER such as corresponding to different carrier, and gets ER and be proportional to P, promptly has:

ER＝q×P；

Wherein, q is a proportionality coefficient.When modulating wave variable quantity calculating section adopted direct control mode to produce modulating wave variable quantity GX, GX=Y * ER derived the maximum amplitude A of modulating wave through approximate _ΔCan be expressed as: $A_{\mathrm{\&Delta;}}=\frac{N_s\&times;q}{4}\&times;Y;$

So work as fix N _SDuring with q, the maximum amplitude A of modulating wave _ΔOnly be subjected to the control of parameter Y, and be not subjected to the influence of carrier wave ratio P.

If the reference wave amplitude is a constant A _Ref, can derive the formula of modulation ratio M: $M=\frac{A_{\mathrm{ref}}}{A_{\mathrm{\&Delta;}}}=\frac{4\&times;A_{\mathrm{ref}}}{N_s\&times;q\&times;Y}$ 。

Following formula explanation the inventive method can realize the adjusting to the modulation ratio M in the pulse-width modulation process by the control to input parameter Y.

When modulating wave variable quantity calculating section adopts V/F to produce GX than constant control mode, GX=2 ^-k* X * N _F* ER, at this moment the maximum amplitude A of modulating wave _ΔFor:

A _Δ＝2 ^-k-2×N _S×q×X×N _F；

After this formula illustrates equally and introduces parameter ER, the maximum amplitude A of modulating wave _ΔBe not subjected to the influence of carrier wave ratio P.Again because $N_F=\frac{F_{\mathrm{clk}}}{K\&times;F},$ V/F than the modulation ratio M under the constant control mode is: $M=\frac{2^{k+2}\&times;K\&times;A_{\mathrm{ref}}}{N_s\&times;q\&times;X\&times;F_{\mathrm{clk}}}\&times;F;$

By following formula, as parameter k, K, A _Ref, N, q, X and F _ClkIn the time of fixedly, modulation ratio M and fundamental frequency F are proportional.Again because when M＜1, the fundametal compoment V of sinusoidal voltage pulse width modulated wave and modulation ratio M are directly proportional, so fundametal compoment V and fundamental frequency F also are directly proportional.So this control mode can realize the control of V and F ratio constant magnitude, thereby provide V/F than constant pulse width modulated sinusoidal voltage waveform data for application such as Electric Machine Control.

The production method of pulse width modulated sinusoidal voltage waveform data provided by the present invention can realize that not only especially also the realization for Digital Logic provides feasible scheme with program software.As previously mentioned, calculate X * N _FMultiplying can be converted to the statistics X sig clock signal clk in the signal period pulse number; And the multiplication GX=D * ER of modulating wave variable quantity GX in calculating (parameter D is directly equaling Y under the control mode, equals 2 at V/F under than constant control mode ^-k* XN * N _F), can directly adopt multiplier logic, also this multiplication can be converted into addition and realize.If ER The data binary form is shown e _J-1e _J-2E ₀, then the calculating of GX can be decomposed into following formula:

D×ER＝e _j-1×D×2 ^j-1+e _j-2×D×2 ^j-2+…+e ₀×D×2 ⁰

Like this, adopt displacement and the computing of j-1 sub-addition just can obtain GX.So, adopt counting, addition, comparison and memory space or the like Digital Logic just can realize the generation of pulse width modulated sinusoidal voltage waveform data based on the inventive method.

The last frequency that only needs by control input signals sig of the inventive method is regulated the reference wave phase parameter of parameter X, Y and each phase, just can realize that the calculating of pulse width modulated sinusoidal voltage waveform data produces, and Control Parameter is few and meaning is clear and definite.So in the power electronics control system, utilize this inventive method can realize producing the function sub-modules of pulse width modulated sinusoidal voltage waveform data based on phase place.This module has the function of independent completion, and it is easy to regulate control, and good stability and reliability are arranged.

Implement the present invention according to theory structure as shown in Figure 1, the scope of the fundamental frequency F of the pulse width modulated sinusoidal voltage waveform data correspondence that is produced is 10Hz～138Hz, and phase sample is counted and is N in the primitive period _S=3600.

1, it is corresponding that the interpulse period of the signal sig of input frequency measurement part and first-harmonic 0.1 are spent phase time, so the frequency of sig is 3600 times of fundamental frequency, i.e. and K=3600.The frequency of frequency measurement clock signal clk is F _Clk=8 * 10 ⁶Hz, the pulse number of clock signal clk is used as parameter N to this number in the pulse spacing of 1 signal sig of statistics _FBy a memory space parameter X can be set, and the pulse number of the X of statistical signal sig clock signal clk in the pulse spacing, this number is used as X * N _F

2, according to parameter list shown in Figure 4, according to the N of input _FChoice of modulation wave-wave shape parameter PL, RCODE, RCLEN and etc. amplitude ratio parameter ER.In the table of Fig. 4, the 1st row are input parameter N _F, and press N _FNumerical value carry out segmentation, according to the fundamental frequency scope as can be known: 16≤N _F≤ 255.4th, 5,6,7 row have provided corresponding to N _FThe data of output parameter PL, RCODE, RCLEN and ER that each numerical value section is selected, the 2nd in the table, 3 row have provided corresponding to N _FThe carrier wave ratio P of each numerical value section and P remove the phase sample points N _SThe size of remainder values R, P and R be not as inputoutput data, providing here is for reference is provided.From table as can be known, etc. the relation of amplitude ratio ER and P be $\mathrm{ER}=\frac{1}{3}\&times;P,$ It is proportionality coefficient $q=\frac{1}{3}$ 。

3, the calculating of modulating wave variable quantity GX is subjected to the control of a State Control bit data vfmode, when vfmode=0, selects direct control mode, i.e. GX=Y * ER; When vfmode=1, select V/F than constant control mode, i.e. GX=2 ^-k* X * N _F* ER wherein gets k=8.Because ER is a positive integer, its maximum is 56, so adopt 6 bits that ER is expressed as ER=e ₅e ₄E ₀So, can get:

D×ER＝e ₅×D×2 ⁵+e ₄×D×2 ⁴+…+e ₀×D×2 ⁰；

Adopt 5 sub-additions to calculate GX, and only keep the integer part of GX data at last.

4, part takes place according to theory structure enforcement shown in Figure 2 in the modulating wave Wave data, produces modulating wave Wave data CD under the control of calculating clock pulse signal.The amplitude A of the modulating wave that obtains _ΔFor:

5, the pulse width modulated wave graphic data of the intact phase point of every calculating of pulse-width modulation waveform data unit and stores processor is just sent one to the phase angle segment count and is calculated clock pulse, so phase meter numerical value PH from 0 to 3599 counting increases 1; If phase meter numerical value PH increases to 3599, and after receiving a calculating clock pulse again, phase meter numerical value PH is reset to 0.

6, the reference wave of storing in reference wave waveform memory space is for sinusoidal wave, and its maximum amplitude is A _Ref=2 ¹⁰, per 0.1 the degree once sampling, memory address scope from 0 to 3599, and the address be j (j=1 ..., 3599) the storage data corresponding to phase angle be (0.1 * j) degree the reference wave Wave data.The three-phase reference wave Wave data that reference wave Wave data generation part output phase mutual deviation is 120 °, this three-phase corresponding reference wave phase parameter is respectively 0,1200 and 2400.If represent the reference wave phase parameter of a certain phase with ST, promptly ST equals 0 or 1200 or 2400.When calculating phase meter numerical value when being the pulse width modulated wave level of sampled point of PH, this phase reference wave output phase angle is the reference wave Wave data of 0.1 * (ST+PH) degree, so, if this is then read with reference to the wave-wave graphic data from memory address for the space of (ST+PH) in ST+PH＜3600; If ST+PH 〉=3600 are then read the reference wave Wave data from memory address for the space of (ST+PHASE-3600).Like this, just read out the reference wave Wave data RD of three corresponding three-phases of difference at each phase sample point ₁～RD ₃

8, data comparator compares the reference wave Wave data RD of modulating wave Wave data CD and three-phase ₁～RD ₃Size.If CD＞RD _i(i=1,2,3), then these impulse level data of exporting mutually are b _i=0 (i=1,2,3); If CD≤RD _i(i=1,2,3), then these impulse level data of exporting mutually are b _i=1.At last, b ₁, b ₂And b ₃Be combined as impulse level data PB=b ₁b ₂b ₃

9, in the pulse-width modulation waveform data unit, 3 bit binary data PB and 13 bit binary data PH are combined as 16 pulse width modulated wave graphic data.When phase place PH equaled 0, data were deposited in memory space.When PH was not equal to 0, whether the PB data that the pulse-width modulation waveform data unit will be more current were the same with the PB data of more preceding calculating, if different then deposit the pulse width modulated wave graphic data of this point in the Wave data memory space.

Thus, the modulation ratio M of the sinusoidal voltage pulse width modulated wave represented of the Wave data that present embodiment produced is:

If vfmode=0 is set, promptly select direct control mode, can directly control modulation ratio M by revising parameter Y.If vfmode=1 is set, promptly select V/F than constant control mode, can adjust the proportionality coefficient of fundamental frequency F and modulation ratio M by parameter X is set.Work as X=20, when fundamental frequency F was respectively 10Hz, 48Hz and 60Hz, the modulation ratio M that calculates according to above-mentioned formula should be mutually:

When F=10Hz, M=0.197;

When F=48Hz, M=0.944;

When F=60Hz, M=1.180.

Based on this embodiment, can correctly realize the generation of pulse width modulated sinusoidal voltage waveform data.

Claims (1)

1, a kind of production method of the pulse width modulated sinusoidal voltage waveform data based on phase place is characterized in that this method may further comprise the steps:

(1) adopting fixed frequency is F _ClkClock signal (clk) square-wave pulse signal that frequency synthesis partly produces to front end (sig) carry out frequency measurement, obtain frequency measurement parameter (N _F), perhaps utilize formula $N_F=\frac{F_{\mathrm{clk}}}{K\&times;F},$ Obtain frequency measurement parameter (N _F), foundation is obtained product X * N by the control range of the frequency (F) of sinusoidal voltage pulse width modulated wave fundametal compoment and the controllable parameter (X) that is provided with by modulation ratio (M) again _F, the frequency of above-mentioned square-wave signal (sig) is K a times of fundamental frequency (F), K=(0.01～10) * N _S, N _SFor phase sample selected in each sinusoidal voltage pulse width modulated wave primitive period is counted the frequency (F of clock signal (clk) _Clk) satisfy F _Clk＞K * F, F are the upper control limit of fundamental frequency F;

(2) according to frequency measurement parameter (N _F) or fundamental frequency (F) select the modulating wave waveform parameter and etc. amplitude ratio parameter (ER), modulating wave waveform parameter wherein comprises that cycle is counted (PL) substantially, cycle is counted adjusts the length (RCLEN) that sign indicating number (RCODE) and cycle are counted and adjusted yard;

(3) according to the controllable parameter of setting by modulation ratio (M) (Y),, calculate modulating wave variable quantity (GX), perhaps the data X * N that obtains according to above-mentioned (1) step according to formula GX=Y * ER _F, according to formula GX=2 ^-k* X * N _F* ER calculates modulating wave variable quantity (GX), and wherein k adjusts parameter by the data bits that the output area of modulating wave variable quantity (GX) is set;

(4) calculating under the clock pulse signal control, the waveform parameter (PL, RCLEN and RCODE) and above-mentioned (3) that obtains according to above-mentioned (2) step goes on foot the modulating wave variable quantity (GX) that obtains, and computing obtains modulating wave Wave data (CD), and calculating process is as follows:

1. according to adjusting code length (RCLEN),, obtain adjusting figure place (RN) to adjusting the position count pulse from 0 to RCLEN-1 cycle count,

2. the data of selecting to adjust RN position in the sign indicating number (RCODE) according to adjustment figure place (RN) are exported as adjusting signal,

3. count substantially (PL) according to cycle, when adjusting invalidating signal, select the cycle L=PL that counts,, select the cycle L=PL+1 that counts when adjusting signal when effective,

4. count (L) according to cycle, carry out fragmentation count and judgement to calculating clock pulse signal, output has one group of increase and decrease control signal and adjustment position counting pulse signal of ' increasing ', ' subtracting ', ' maintenance ' and ' resetting ' four kinds of states;

5. calculating under the clock pulse signal control, the modulation wave amplitude is being increased and decreased calculating, obtaining modulating wave Wave data (CD) according to above-mentioned increase and decrease control signal and modulating wave variable quantity (GX);

(5) carry out step-by-step counting to calculating clock pulse signal, obtain phase meter numerical value (PH);

(6) by the phase relation between each road sinusoidal voltage pulse width modulated wave, set the reference wave phase parameter of each phase, then according to this parameter and above-mentioned phase meter numerical value (PH), from reference wave waveform memory space, read the reference wave Wave data (RD of each phase ₁～RD _i);

(7) to above-mentioned (4) the modulating wave Wave data (CD) that obtains of step and above-mentioned (6) step obtain respectively with reference to wave datum (RD ₁～RD _i) make comparisons successively, compare size by binary coding, and the binary coded value of each phase is combined as impulse level data (PB);

(8) phase meter numerical value (PH) combination that obtains by impulse level data (PB) and above-mentioned (5) step, become the pulse width modulated wave graphic data, and finally export effective pulse width modulated wave graphic data, after handling the pulse width modulated wave graphic data of a phase point at every turn, export one and calculate clock pulse signal, this calculates the computing of clock pulse signal in order to control modulating wave Wave data (CD) in above-mentioned (4) step, and produces phase meter numerical value (PH) in order in above-mentioned (5) step it is carried out step-by-step counting.

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