CN112395685B - Topology optimization bicycle component design method suitable for additive manufacturing - Google Patents

Topology optimization bicycle component design method suitable for additive manufacturing Download PDF

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CN112395685B
CN112395685B CN202011231277.7A CN202011231277A CN112395685B CN 112395685 B CN112395685 B CN 112395685B CN 202011231277 A CN202011231277 A CN 202011231277A CN 112395685 B CN112395685 B CN 112395685B
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CN112395685A (en
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梁健
李晓杰
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Guangzhou Institute of Technology
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Abstract

The invention discloses a topology optimization bicycle component design method suitable for additive manufacturing, which analyzes and optimizes the structure of a bicycle component by combining a topology optimization design theory with a computer virtual analysis technology, selects a bicycle component structure with uniform stress distribution and material saving and is suitable for 3D printing; thereby obtaining a bicycle component with optimal structure and performance, and comprehensively considering rigidity, strength and structural optimization; the invention has the advantages of reducing the weight of parts, reducing the material consumption, shortening the development period and reducing the experiment times of the sample.

Description

Topology optimization bicycle component design method suitable for additive manufacturing
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of bicycle design, in particular to a topological optimization bicycle component design method suitable for additive manufacturing.
Background
With the rapid development of computer science and technology, structural optimization design has become one of the most important means for obtaining lightweight and high-performance structures. Topology optimization is a design method for determining an optimal structure type, and is widely applied to the field of engineering. The structural performance of the product is improved, the topological optimization takes the load as a design variable, the form result of the product is restrained, the initial configuration is not needed, and a reasonable optimization design result can be obtained according to the change of the applied load variable. Because the form space of the topology optimization has relatively more interpenetration characteristics, mostly takes irregular forms as the main characteristic, although the optimized model file can be obtained, a plurality of problems can be encountered in the production and manufacturing links, the 3D printing technology is mature day by day, and the production and manufacturing process of the calculation result of the topology optimization is accelerated. And the application of the topology optimization design method in product design is promoted.
The frame and the front fork are the most important parts of the bicycle, and they determine the main indicators of weight, durability, overall rigidity, etc. of the bicycle to a large extent. Frame riser top connecting seat pipe portion all connects top tube and back upper fork simultaneously mostly, and the intersection of four tubular structure is in a bit to four tubular structure directions are different, and the extension line is crisscross each other, mostly adopts the welded form in the aspect of manufacturing, and in case the structure of a direction goes wrong, whole frame is scrapped thereupon. Therefore, how to improve the structural performance of the frame is a technical problem in the field of designing a frame with a reasonable structural style, and even an experienced engineer, the structural performance of each frame is difficult to grasp, and the analysis and optimization of the structure of the bicycle component are difficult to analyze and optimize, so that the optimal structure, the best performance, and the comprehensive consideration of rigidity, strength and structural optimization cannot be met. Meanwhile, how to reduce the weight of the parts, reduce the material consumption, shorten the development period and reduce the experiment times of the sample pieces cannot be known.
Accordingly, there is a need to develop or improve a method of optimizing a bicycle component to address the above-mentioned problems, and therefore, a topology optimized bicycle component design method suitable for additive manufacturing is developed or improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve the above mentioned problems by providing a topology optimized bicycle component design method suitable for additive manufacturing.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method of designing a topologically optimized bicycle component suitable for use in additive manufacturing, comprising the steps of:
step one, establishing a bicycle component conceptual design model in three-dimensional modeling software; then, exporting a format which can be identified by topology optimization software from the model;
step two, setting component load and support constraint in topology optimization software, then carrying out topology optimization to obtain a topological structure of the bicycle component, analyzing and calculating the stress condition of the bicycle component, and selecting a proper optimization result;
checking an optimization result, and integrating holes of the bicycle component by using three-dimensional modeling software according to a calculation result of topology optimization of the whole bicycle component so as to integrate an optimization form again;
step four, exporting the bicycle component with the hole generated by the reclosing topology optimization through the three-dimensional modeling software to a format which can be identified by the topology optimization software;
step five, setting the same component load and support constraint as the step two in topology optimization software, and carrying out gridding design on the filling part of the hole;
step six, the topology optimization software carries out optimization calculation according to the data obtained by the gridding in the step five to obtain a calculation result combination model;
and seventhly, exporting a 3D printing format from the topology optimization software and performing 3D printing.
Preferably, in the second step, a bicycle component topology optimization model based on two working conditions of a dynamic humidity test and a dynamic temperature test is respectively established in finite element preprocessing software; the method comprises the steps of setting component load and support constraint in topology optimization software, and then respectively carrying out topology optimization to obtain the topological structures of the bicycle components under two working conditions.
Preferably, the finite element models of the bicycle component model after the combined topological optimization obtained in the step two under the working conditions of the dynamic humidity test and the dynamic temperature test are respectively established in finite element preprocessing software, and the performance parameters of the strength, the rigidity, the mode, the fatigue life and the safety coefficient of the fatigue life of the bicycle component under the two working conditions are respectively calculated.
Preferably, in the second step, a topological optimization cloud picture reconstruction model is obtained after the stress condition of the bicycle component is analyzed and calculated based on topological optimization software, performance parameters of the finite element model including strength, rigidity, mode, fatigue life and the safety coefficient of the fatigue life are analyzed and compared before and after topological optimization, the model reconstruction is completed, and if the model reconstruction is not completed, the step is repeatedly executed;
the mathematical expression for establishing the topology optimization model is as follows:
MinC＝FT·U(ρ)
s.t.KU＝F
V－0.5≤0
f1≥F
dx≤Dx，dy≤Dy，dy≤Dz
0＜δ≤ρi≤1，i＝1，2，…，n
wherein C is the flexibility of the structure, F is the node equivalent load vector, FTTransposing a function; u is a node displacement vector, K is a stiffness matrix,v is the volume fraction, f1 is a first-order natural frequency, dx, dy and dz are displacement deformation amounts in x, y and z directions at the cutter head, rho i is a pseudo-density design variable of the ith unit, and n is the number of the design variables; s.t is an objective function; δ is the lower bound of ρ i and takes a positive number infinitely close to 0.
Preferably, the topology optimization analysis is further performed on the thickness dimension of the bicycle component in the second step, and the mathematical expression of the optimization model of the thickness dimension of the bicycle component is as follows:
an objective function: greatest stiffness, i.e. least flexibility, i.e. MinC (x)
Designing variables: x ═ x (x1, x2, …, xn)
Constraint conditions are as follows:
f1≥F
dx≤Dx，dy≤Dy，dy≤DzTi1≤xi≤Ti2，i＝1，2，…，n
wherein xi is the ith design variable of the upright post, f1 is the first-order natural frequency, Dx, Dy and Dy are the displacement deformation amounts in the three directions of x, y and z at the optimized model tool bit, Dx, Dy and Dz are the displacement deformation amounts in the three directions of x, y and z at the original model tool bit, Ti1 and Ti2 are the minimum and maximum thickness sizes of the ith design variable, and n is the number of the design variables.
Preferably, the three-dimensional modeling software is evolve or rho or 3Dsmax or SolidWorks or Pro/E.
Preferably, the topology optimization software is optistrct or ansys or inspire.
Preferably, the three-dimensional software exports the three-dimensional model into stp format
Preferably, the 3D printing format in the seventh step is an stl format derived by the topology optimization software.
The beneficial effects obtained by the invention are as follows:
through an optimization design theory and by means of a computer virtual analysis technology, the bicycle component structure is analyzed and optimized, and the requirements of optimal structure, best performance and comprehensive consideration on rigidity, strength and structural optimization are met. And then, the weight of parts is reduced, the material consumption is reduced, the development period is shortened, and the experiment times of the sample are reduced.
Drawings
The invention will be further understood from the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The components in the figures are not necessarily to scale, emphasis instead being placed upon illustrating the principles of the embodiments. Like reference numerals designate corresponding parts throughout the different views.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a three-dimensional model structure of a vehicle frame assembly in embodiment 2 of the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of a three-dimensional model structure of a joint block of a carriage assembly in embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is one of the stress distribution diagrams of the connecting block of the carriage assembly in embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a second force distribution diagram of the connecting block of the frame assembly according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 shows a fifteen percent material fill ratio of a topology optimization result of a connecting block of a vehicle frame assembly in embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 shows a twenty percent material fill rate of a topology optimization result of a connection block of a vehicle frame assembly in embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a thirty percent material fill of a topology optimization result of a connection block of a vehicle frame assembly in embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a connection block remodeling of the carriage assembly in embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a grid optimization design of a connection block of a vehicle frame assembly in embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a result of mesh optimization of a link block of a vehicle frame assembly in embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the results of finite element analysis, force analysis, surface pressure and tension distribution of the vehicle frame assembly in example 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to embodiments thereof; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Other systems, methods, and/or features of the present embodiments will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon review of the following detailed description. It is intended that all such additional systems, methods, features and advantages be included within this description, be within the scope of the invention, and be protected by the accompanying claims. Additional features of the disclosed embodiments are described in, and will be apparent from, the detailed description that follows.
The same or similar reference numerals in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar components; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if there is an orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, it is only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but it is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and therefore, the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and are not to be construed as limiting the present patent, and the specific meaning of the terms described above will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
The first embodiment is as follows:
this embodiment 1 discloses a topology optimization bicycle component design method suitable for additive manufacturing, wherein, includes the following steps:
step one, establishing a bicycle component conceptual design model in three-dimensional modeling software; then, exporting a format which can be identified by topology optimization software from the model;
step two, setting component load and support constraint in topology optimization software, then carrying out topology optimization to obtain a topological structure of the bicycle component, analyzing and calculating the stress condition of the bicycle component, and selecting a proper optimization result;
checking an optimization result, and integrating holes of the bicycle component by using three-dimensional modeling software according to a calculation result of topology optimization of the whole bicycle component so as to integrate an optimization form again;
step four, exporting the bicycle component with the hole generated by the reclosing topology optimization through the three-dimensional modeling software to a format which can be identified by the topology optimization software;
step five, setting the same component load and support constraint as the step two in topology optimization software, and carrying out gridding design on the filling part of the hole;
step six, the topology optimization software carries out optimization calculation according to the data obtained by the gridding in the step five to obtain a calculation result combination model;
and seventhly, exporting a 3D printing format from the topology optimization software and performing 3D printing.
In the second step, respectively establishing bicycle component topology optimization models based on two working conditions of a dynamic humidity test and a dynamic temperature test in finite element preprocessing software; the method comprises the steps of setting component load and support constraint in topology optimization software, and then respectively carrying out topology optimization to obtain the topological structures of the bicycle components under two working conditions.
And (3) respectively establishing the finite element models of the bicycle component model subjected to the combined topology optimization obtained in the second step in the finite element preprocessing software under the working conditions of the dynamic humidity test and the dynamic temperature test, and respectively calculating the performance parameters of the strength, the rigidity, the mode, the fatigue life and the safety coefficient of the fatigue life of the bicycle component under the two working conditions.
In the second step, a topological optimization cloud picture reconstruction model is obtained after the stress condition of the bicycle component is analyzed and calculated on the basis of topological optimization software, the performance parameters of the strength, the rigidity, the mode, the fatigue life and the safety coefficient of the fatigue life of the finite element model before and after topological optimization are analyzed and compared, the model reconstruction is completed, and if the stress condition is not met, the step is executed repeatedly;
the mathematical expression for establishing the topology optimization model is as follows:
MinC＝FT·U(ρ)
s.t.KU＝F
V－0.5≤0
f1≥F
dx≤Dx，dy≤Dy，dy≤Dz
0＜δ≤ρi≤1，i＝1，2，…，n
wherein C is the flexibility of the structure, F is the node equivalent load vector, FTTransposing a function; u is a node displacement vector, K is a stiffness matrix, V is a volume fraction, f1 is a first-order natural frequency, dx, dy and dz are displacement deformation amounts in x, y and z directions at a tool bit, rho i is a pseudo-density design variable of an ith unit, and n is the number of the design variables; s.t is an objective function; δ is the lower bound of ρ i and takes a positive number infinitely close to 0.
And in the second step, topology optimization analysis is further carried out on the thickness dimension of the bicycle component, and the mathematical expression of the optimization model of the thickness dimension of the bicycle component is as follows:
an objective function: greatest stiffness, i.e. least flexibility, i.e. MinC (x)
Designing variables: x ═ x (x1, x2, …, xn)
Constraint conditions are as follows:
f1≥F
dx≤Dx，dy≤Dy，dy≤DzTi1≤xi≤Ti2，i＝1，2，…，n
wherein xi is the ith design variable of the upright post, f1 is the first-order natural frequency, Dx, Dy and Dy are the displacement deformation amounts in the three directions of x, y and z at the optimized model tool bit, Dx, Dy and Dz are the displacement deformation amounts in the three directions of x, y and z at the original model tool bit, Ti1 and Ti2 are the minimum and maximum thickness sizes of the ith design variable, and n is the number of the design variables.
In addition, in order to meet the requirement of the universality of file formats in the topology optimization process and ensure the smooth progress of the topology optimization, the three-dimensional modeling software in the embodiment 1 is evolve, rhono, 3Dsmax, SolidWorks or Pro/E; the topology optimization software is optistrct or ansys or inspire; the three-dimensional software exports the three-dimensional model into an stp format; and the 3D printing format in the step seven is an stl format derived by the topology optimization software.
Example two:
the bicycle component shown in fig. 1-10 is a frame and a connecting block; the connecting block comprises four tubular structures which are intersected at one point, the directions of the four tubular structures are different, extension lines are staggered, a welding mode is adopted in the production and manufacturing aspects, and once the structure in one direction has a problem, the whole frame is scrapped. Therefore, in this embodiment 2, carry out topology optimization to the connecting block to select stress distribution even, the material is saved, is fit for the connecting block of 3D printing processing.
The embodiment 2 discloses a design method of a topology optimization connecting block suitable for additive manufacturing, wherein 3Dsmax is used as modeling software, optistrct is used as analysis software, and the method comprises the following steps:
step one, establishing a conceptual design model of a connecting block in 3Dsmax three-dimensional modeling software; then, exporting an stp format which can be identified by topology optimization software from the model;
step two, importing the stp format file into finite element analysis software, simulating the stress state of the product, simulating material properties, carrying out simulation stress analysis, adjusting the wall thickness of the product according to the stress result, and ensuring that the product does not yield under the simulated stress state;
respectively establishing a connecting block topology optimization model based on two working conditions of a dynamic humidity test and a dynamic temperature test in finite element pretreatment software; setting component load and support constraint in optistrct topological optimization software, and then respectively carrying out topological optimization to obtain topological structures of connecting blocks under two working conditions; respectively calculating the performance parameters of the strength, the rigidity, the mode, the fatigue life and the safety coefficient of the fatigue life of the bicycle component under two working conditions, and selecting a proper optimization result;
analyzing and calculating the stress condition of the connecting block based on optistrct topological optimization software to obtain a topological optimization cloud picture reconstruction model, analyzing and comparing the performance parameters of the strength, rigidity, mode, fatigue life and safety coefficient of the fatigue life of the finite element model before and after topological optimization, completing model reconstruction, and repeatedly executing the step if the performance parameters are not satisfied;
the mathematical expression for establishing the topology optimization model is as follows:
MinC＝FT·U(ρ)
s.t.KU＝F
V－0.5≤0
f1≥F
dx≤Dx，dy≤Dy，dy≤Dz
0＜δ≤ρi≤1，i＝1，2，…，n
c is the flexibility of the structure, F is a node equivalent load vector, U is a node displacement vector, K is a rigidity matrix, V is a volume fraction, F1 is a first-order natural frequency, dx, dy and dy are displacement deformation amounts in x, y and z directions of the cutter head, rho i is a pseudo-density design variable of the unit i, n is the number of the design variables, and delta is the lower bound of rho i and is a positive number infinitely close to 0; t is function transpose.
And in the second step, topology optimization analysis is further performed on the thickness of the connecting block, and the mathematical expression of the optimization model of the thickness of the connecting block is as follows:
an objective function: greatest stiffness, i.e. least flexibility, i.e. MinC (x)
Designing variables: x ═ x (x1, x2, …, xn)
Constraint conditions are as follows:
f1≥F
dx≤Dx，dy≤Dy，dy≤DzTi1≤xi≤Ti2，i＝1，2，…，n
wherein xi is the ith design variable of the upright post, V is the volume fraction, f1 is the first-order natural frequency, Dx, Dy and Dy are the displacement deformation in the three directions of x, y and z at the optimized model tool bit, Dx, Dy and Dz are the displacement deformation in the three directions of x, y and z at the original model tool bit, Ti1 and Ti2 are the minimum and maximum thickness dimensions of the ith design variable, and n is the number of the design variables.
Checking an optimization result, performing hole integration processing on the bicycle component by using 3Dsmax three-dimensional modeling software according to a calculation result of topology optimization of the whole connecting block, and thus re-integrating the optimized shape;
step five, exporting the bicycle component with the holes generated by the reclosing topology optimization through the 3Dsmax three-dimensional modeling software to a format which can be identified by the topology optimization software;
step six, setting the same component load and support constraint as those in the step two in optistrct topological optimization software, and carrying out gridding design on the filling part of the hole;
step seven, importing the stp format file into finite element analysis software, simulating the stress state of the product, simulating material properties, carrying out simulation stress analysis, adjusting the wall thickness of the product according to the stress result, verifying the safety of the design result, and ensuring that the product cannot yield under the simulation stress state;
preferably, the second step can be repeatedly circulated between the seventh step and the eighth step to improve the optimization result;
step eight, performing optimization calculation on the data obtained by gridding in the step five by optistrct topological optimization software to obtain a calculation result merging model;
and step nine, exporting stl format files from optistrct topology optimization software and inputting the stl format files into a 3D printer for 3D printing.
Meanwhile, modeling software can be evolve, rhono and the like; the analysis software may be ansys, inspire, or the like, and the optimization software may be ansys, inspire, or the like.
Although the invention has been described above with reference to various embodiments, it should be understood that many changes and modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the invention. That is, the methods, systems, and devices discussed above are examples. Various configurations may omit, substitute, or add various procedures or components as appropriate. For example, in alternative configurations, the methods may be performed in an order different than that described, and/or various components may be added, omitted, and/or combined. Moreover, features described with respect to certain configurations may be combined in various other configurations, as different aspects and elements of the configurations may be combined in a similar manner. Further, elements therein may be updated as technology evolves, i.e., many elements are examples and do not limit the scope of the disclosure or claims.
Specific details are given in the description to provide a thorough understanding of the exemplary configurations including implementations. However, configurations may be practiced without these specific details, for example, well-known circuits, processes, algorithms, structures, and techniques have been shown without unnecessary detail in order to avoid obscuring the configurations. This description provides example configurations only, and does not limit the scope, applicability, or configuration of the claims. Rather, the foregoing description of the configurations will provide those skilled in the art with an enabling description for implementing the described techniques. Various changes may be made in the function and arrangement of elements without departing from the spirit or scope of the disclosure.
It is intended that the foregoing detailed description be regarded as illustrative rather than limiting, and that it be understood that it is the following claims, including all equivalents, that are intended to define the spirit and scope of this invention. The above examples are to be construed as merely illustrative and not limitative of the remainder of the disclosure. After reading the description of the invention, the skilled person can make various changes or modifications to the invention, and these equivalent changes and modifications also fall into the scope of the invention defined by the claims.

Claims (6)

1. A method of designing a topologically optimized bicycle component suitable for use in additive manufacturing, comprising the steps of:
step one, establishing a bicycle component conceptual design model in three-dimensional modeling software; then, exporting a format which can be identified by topology optimization software from the model;
step two, setting component load and support constraint in topology optimization software, then carrying out topology optimization to obtain a topological structure of the bicycle component, analyzing and calculating the stress condition of the bicycle component, and selecting a proper optimization result;
checking an optimization result, and integrating holes of the bicycle component by using three-dimensional modeling software according to a calculation result of topology optimization of the whole bicycle component so as to integrate an optimization form again;
step four, exporting the bicycle component with the hole generated by the reclosing topology optimization through the three-dimensional modeling software to a format which can be identified by the topology optimization software;
step five, setting the same component load and support constraint as the step two in topology optimization software, and carrying out gridding design on the filling part of the hole;
step six, optimizing and calculating the data obtained by gridding in the step five by topology optimization software to obtain a calculation result merging model;
step seven, exporting a 3D printing format from topology optimization software and performing 3D printing;
in the second step, respectively establishing bicycle component topology optimization models based on two working conditions of a dynamic humidity test and a dynamic temperature test in finite element preprocessing software; setting component load and support constraint in topology optimization software, and then respectively carrying out topology optimization to obtain the topological structures of the bicycle components under two working conditions;
respectively establishing a finite element model of the bicycle component model subjected to the combined topology optimization obtained in the step two under the working conditions of a dynamic humidity test and a dynamic temperature test in finite element preprocessing software, and respectively calculating the performance parameters of the strength, the rigidity, the mode, the fatigue life and the safety coefficient of the fatigue life of the bicycle component under the two working conditions;
in the second step, a topological optimization cloud picture reconstruction model is obtained after the stress condition of the bicycle component is analyzed and calculated based on topological optimization software, performance parameters of the finite element model before and after topological optimization, such as strength, rigidity, mode, fatigue life and the safety coefficient of the fatigue life, are analyzed and compared, the model reconstruction is completed, and if the stress condition is not met, the step is repeatedly executed;
the mathematical expression for establishing the topology optimization model is as follows:
MinC＝FT·U(ρ)
s.t.KU＝F
V－0.5≤0
f1≥F
dx≤Dx，dy≤Dy，dy≤Dz
0＜δ≤ρi≤1，i＝1，2，…，n
wherein C is the flexibility of the structure, F is the node equivalent load vector, FTTransposing a function; u is a node displacement vector, K is a rigidity matrix, V is a volume fraction, f1 is a first-order natural frequency, and dx, dy and dz are displacement deformation of the tool bit in three directions of x, y and zMeasuring, wherein rho i is a pseudo density design variable of the ith unit, and n is the number of the design variables; s.t is an objective function; δ is the lower bound of ρ i and takes a positive number infinitely close to 0.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step two further comprises performing a topology optimization analysis on the thickness dimension of the bicycle component, and the mathematical expression of the optimization model of the thickness dimension of the bicycle component is as follows:
an objective function: greatest stiffness, i.e. least flexibility, i.e. MinC (x)
Designing variables: x ═ x (x1, x2, …, xn)
Constraint conditions are as follows:
f1≥F
dx≤Dx，dy≤Dy，dy≤Dz， Ti1≤xi≤Ti2，i＝1，2，…，n
wherein xi is the ith design variable of the upright post, f1 is the first-order natural frequency, Dx, Dy and Dy are the displacement deformation amounts in the three directions of x, y and z at the optimized model tool bit, Dx, Dy and Dz are the displacement deformation amounts in the three directions of x, y and z at the original model tool bit, Ti1 and Ti2 are the minimum and maximum thickness sizes of the ith design variable, and n is the number of the design variables.
3. The topologically optimized bicycle component design method suitable for additive manufacturing of claim 1, wherein the three dimensional modeling software is evolve or rho or 3Dsmax or SolidWorks or Pro/E.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the topology optimization software is optistrct or ansys or inspire.
5. The method of designing a topologically optimized bicycle component suitable for additive manufacturing of claim 1 or 3 wherein the three dimensional software exports a three dimensional model into stp format.
6. The topology optimized bicycle component design method for additive manufacturing of claim 1, wherein the 3D printing format in the seventh step is stl format derived by the topology optimization software.
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