CN112394571A - Front light module and liquid crystal display system with same - Google Patents
Front light module and liquid crystal display system with same Download PDFInfo
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- CN112394571A CN112394571A CN201910763014.1A CN201910763014A CN112394571A CN 112394571 A CN112394571 A CN 112394571A CN 201910763014 A CN201910763014 A CN 201910763014A CN 112394571 A CN112394571 A CN 112394571A
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- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 claims description 44
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133528—Polarisers
- G02F1/133536—Reflective polarizers
Abstract
The invention discloses a front light module, which comprises a light guide plate and a diffusion film, wherein the light guide plate is arranged on the front light module; the light guide plate is used for receiving and guiding out light beams emitted by ambient light; the light guide plate comprises a light incident surface facing ambient light and a light emergent surface deviating from the ambient light; the diffusion film is arranged on one side opposite to the light-emitting surface and used for diffusing and guiding out the light beams guided out by the light guide plate; the light guide plate and the diffusion film are stacked. The invention discloses a liquid crystal display system with the front light module. The invention utilizes the ambient light to carry out illumination display, saves electric energy, has simple and compact structure, and automatically carries out light compensation according to the intensity of light, thereby ensuring high contrast of the displayed image and high display quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of liquid crystal display, in particular to a front light module and a liquid crystal display system with the same.
Background
Liquid Crystal Displays (LCDs) have been incorporated into the aspects of people's lives as a new generation of display technology, ranging from small mobile phone displays, airborne displays, notebook and desktop computer screens, to large televisions and large outdoor display screens, to everywhere where there are liquid crystal-displayed shadows. In particular, in the current information age, people almost always acquire real-time video information and image information through a display system, and almost everyone becomes a user of a liquid crystal display screen.
Since liquid crystal does not emit light itself, liquid crystal display is a passive display technology that requires an external light source to illuminate it, and liquid crystal mainly functions as an optical switch during the entire display process. At present, a backlight module is generally adopted to provide an illuminating light source for liquid crystal, the light source is arranged at the bottom layer of the whole display system, and light rays enter human eyes from bottom to top through the display system.
Therefore, a front light module and a liquid crystal display system having the same are needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems of the prior art, in one aspect, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a front light module including a light guide plate and a diffusion film;
the light guide plate is used for receiving and guiding out light beams emitted by ambient light; the light guide plate comprises a light incident surface facing ambient light and a light emergent surface deviating from the ambient light;
the diffusion film is arranged on one side opposite to the light-emitting surface and used for diffusing and guiding out the light beams guided out by the light guide plate;
the light guide plate and the diffusion film are stacked.
As a further improvement of the embodiment of the present invention, the front light module further includes a lateral light intensity dynamically adjustable light source for judging the intensity of the ambient light and starting light compensation when the ambient light is insufficient;
the lateral light intensity dynamically adjustable light source is arranged on the side face of the light guide plate.
As a further improvement of the embodiment of the invention, the lateral light intensity dynamically adjustable light source comprises a photoelectric detector, an analog-to-digital converter, a processor, a square wave power generator and an LED light source which are connected in sequence;
the photoelectric detector is used for converting the light signal of the collected ambient light into an electric signal;
the analog-to-digital converter is used for converting the electric signal into a digital signal with current magnitude;
the processor is used for judging the intensity of the ambient light according to the received digital signal and judging whether to start the light compensation according to the intensity of the ambient light.
As a further improvement of the embodiment of the present invention, the front light module further includes a brightness enhancement film, and the brightness enhancement film is disposed on a side of the diffusion film from which the light beam is guided out, and is configured to converge the light beam guided out by the diffusion film so as to improve the illumination intensity.
On the other hand, the embodiment of the invention discloses a liquid crystal display system, which comprises a glass cover plate, the front light module, a polaroid, a color filter, a liquid crystal system and a polarization selective reflecting surface which are sequentially stacked;
the glass cover plate comprises a front surface facing ambient light and a back surface deviating from the ambient light, and the light incident surface of the light guide plate of the front light module faces the back surface of the glass cover plate;
the polaroid is used for converting ambient light into linearly polarized light; the linearly polarized light forms RGB colored light through the color filter and enters the liquid crystal system;
the polarization selective reflecting surface is used for reflecting the linearly polarized light passing through the liquid crystal system.
As a further improvement of the embodiment of the present invention, the liquid crystal system includes an upper electrode plate, an x-direction alignment film, a liquid crystal layer, a y-direction alignment film, and a thin film transistor substrate, which are sequentially stacked;
the linearly polarized light sequentially passes through the color filter to form RGB colored light, liquid crystals arranged between the x-direction orientation film and the y-direction orientation film are arranged in a twisted shape under the action of the x-direction orientation film and the y-direction orientation film, and the x-direction linearly polarized light is converted into y-direction linearly polarized light through the liquid crystal layer.
As a further improvement of the embodiment of the invention, the polarization selective reflecting surface is provided with micro-nano geometrical structures with different periods, different lengths, long and short axes and different heights.
As a further improvement of the embodiment of the invention, the micro-nano geometrical body structure is an elliptical cylinder, a cuboid or an irregular geometrical body.
As a further improvement of the embodiment of the present invention, the polarization-selective reflecting surface includes a three-layer stack structure including three polarization-selective reflecting surfaces, each of which allows high reflectance only for light of a single specific wavelength of the corresponding RGB while having high transmittance for light of the remaining two RGB wavelengths.
As a further improvement of the embodiment of the present invention, the polarization selective reflecting surface is a single-layer structure having a structure with three different parameters corresponding to RGB, and is used for selective reflection of polarized light.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention provides a liquid crystal display system illuminated by a front light module by utilizing a polarization selective reflector to selectively reflect incident polarized light according to the polarization direction, so that the ambient light is fully utilized for display, and the power consumption is saved;
2. the invention also provides a system light source dynamic dimming auxiliary lighting, which is convenient for light compensation when the ambient light is weak, can save the power consumption to the maximum extent, and particularly has wide application prospect on mobile display equipment;
3. the invention utilizes the ambient light to carry out illumination display, saves electric energy, has simple and compact structure, and ensures that the display image has high contrast and high display quality.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a front light module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an optical path structure of a lateral light intensity dynamically adjustable light source according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an LCD system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a liquid crystal system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal system when a driving voltage is applied to a TFT according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a polarization-selective reflecting surface structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a graph of a polarization-selective reflection spectrum of blue light according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a graph of a green light polarization selective reflection spectrum according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a diagram of a red polarization selective reflectance spectrum according to an embodiment of the present invention;
the examples in the figures are represented as:
1-a front light module; 11-a light guide plate; 12-a diffusion membrane; 13-lateral light intensity dynamically adjustable light source; 131-a photodetector; 132-an analog-to-digital converter; 133-a processor; 134-square wave power generator; 135-LED light source; 14-a brightness enhancement film; 2-liquid crystal display systems; 21-a glass cover plate; 22-a polarizer; 23-a color filter; 24-a liquid crystal system; 241-an upper electrode plate; a 242-x direction alignment film; 243-liquid crystal layer; a 244-y direction alignment film; 245-a thin film transistor substrate; 25-a polarization selective reflective surface; 251-micro nano geometrical structure.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention discloses a front light module 1, as shown in fig. 1, comprising a light guide plate 11 and a diffusion film 12;
a light guide plate 11 for receiving and guiding out a light beam emitted from ambient light; the light guide plate 11 includes a light incident surface facing the ambient light and a light emitting surface deviating from the ambient light;
a diffusion film 12 disposed on a side opposite to the light exit surface, for diffusing and guiding out the light beam guided out by the light guide plate 11;
the light guide plate 11 and the diffusion film 12 are stacked.
Particularly, the front light module 1 further includes a lateral light intensity dynamically adjustable light source 13 for determining the intensity of the ambient light and starting light compensation when the ambient light is insufficient;
the lateral light intensity dynamically adjustable light source 13 is disposed on the side of the light guide plate 11.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the lateral light intensity dynamically adjustable light source 13 includes a photodetector 131, an analog-to-digital converter 132, a processor 133, a square wave power generator 134, and an LED light source 135, which are connected in sequence;
the photodetector 131 is configured to convert an optical signal of the collected ambient light into an electrical signal;
the analog-to-digital converter 132 is used for converting the electric signal into a digital signal of the current magnitude;
the processor 133 is configured to determine the intensity of the ambient light according to the received digital signal, and determine whether to start optical compensation according to the intensity of the ambient light.
Further, the front light module 1 further includes a brightness enhancement film 14, and the brightness enhancement film 14 is disposed on a side of the diffusion film 12 from which the light beam is guided out, and is used for condensing the light beam guided out by the diffusion film 12 to improve the illumination intensity.
The embodiment of the invention also discloses a liquid crystal display system 2, as shown in fig. 3, the liquid crystal display system 2 comprises a glass cover plate 21, the front light module 1, a polarizer 22, a color filter 23, a liquid crystal system 24 and a polarization selective reflecting surface 25 which are sequentially stacked;
the glass cover plate 21 comprises a front surface facing the ambient light and a back surface deviating from the ambient light, and the light incident surface of the light guide plate 11 of the front light module 1 faces the back surface of the glass cover plate 21;
a polarizing plate 22 for converting ambient light into linearly polarized light; linearly polarized light forms monochromatic light through the color filter 23 and enters the liquid crystal system 24;
a polarization-selective reflective surface 25 for reflecting linearly polarized light passing through the liquid crystal system 24.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the liquid crystal system 24 includes an upper electrode plate 241, an x-direction alignment film 242, a liquid crystal layer 243, a y-direction alignment film 244, and a thin film transistor substrate 245, which are sequentially stacked;
the linearly polarized light sequentially passes through the color filter 23 to form RGB color light, liquid crystals arranged between the x-direction alignment film and the y-direction alignment film are arranged in a twisted shape under the action of the x-direction alignment film and the y-direction alignment film, and the x-direction linearly polarized light is converted into y-direction linearly polarized light through the liquid crystal layer.
Further, the polarization selective reflecting surface 25 is provided with micro-nano geometrical structures 251 with different periods, different lengths, long and short axes, and different heights, as shown in fig. 6.
Wherein, the micro-nano geometrical structure is an elliptical cylinder, a cuboid or an irregular geometrical body.
Alternatively, the polarization-selective reflective surface 25 comprises a three-layer stack structure comprising three polarization-selective reflective surfaces, each of which allows high reflectivity only for light of a single specific wavelength of the corresponding RGB, while having high transmittance for light of the remaining two RGB wavelengths.
Optionally, the polarization-selective reflecting surface 25 is a single-layer structure having three different parameter structures corresponding to RGB for selective reflection of polarized light.
In the specific embodiment of the present invention, three polarization-selective reflective surfaces for RGB bands are stacked to form a polarization-selective reflective surface system for RGB color light, for example, for polarization-selective reflection of blue light (455nm), the polarization-selective reflective surface structure parameters are: the polarization selective reflection spectrum of the polarization selective reflection surface is shown in fig. 7, and as can be seen from the spectrogram, the reflectance of the polarization selective reflection surface for the x-direction polarized light at blue light is almost 1, and the reflectance for the y-direction polarized light is almost 0, and even if there is a little reflection, the human eye can hardly feel the reflection due to absorption of other structures. For polarization-selective reflection of green light (540nm), the polarization-selective reflecting surface structure parameters are: the polarization selective reflection spectrum of 110nm short axis, 190nm long axis, 360nm short axis direction period, 520nm long axis direction period and 153nm height is shown in fig. 8, and it can be seen from the spectrogram that the reflection rate of the polarization selective reflection surface at green light to the polarized light in x direction is almost 1, and the reflection rate to the polarized light in y direction is almost 0, even if there is a little reflection, the human eye can hardly feel due to the absorption of other structures. For the polarization-selective reflection of red light (750nm), we design the polarization-selective reflecting surface structure parameters as: the polarization-selective reflection spectrum of the polarization-selective reflection surface is shown in fig. 9, and as seen from the spectrum, the reflectance of the polarization-selective reflection surface for the x-direction polarized light is almost 1 and the reflectance for the y-direction polarized light is almost 0 in the red light, and even if there is a little reflection, the human eye hardly feels due to absorption by other structures. The system formed by stacking the three polarization selective reflecting surfaces is used for front-light LCD, so that the ambient light can be fully utilized, and the purpose of saving electric quantity is achieved.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, ambient light uniformly penetrates through the front light module, and is converted into linearly polarized light after passing through the polarizer, where it is assumed that the light transmission direction of the polarizer is along the y axis, and passes through the color filter, and only light with wavelengths corresponding to three colors of RGB is left to enter the liquid crystal system, when the TFT is not applied with a driving voltage, liquid crystals located between two substrates are twisted and arranged under the action of the orthogonal orientation film, at this time, the liquid crystals have a birefringence effect on incident light, and the light penetrating through the liquid crystals will be converted into light polarized in the x direction, and since the designed polarization selective reflection surface only reflects the polarized light in the x direction, the incident light is almost reflected by a hundred percent, and passes through the liquid crystal system again, at this time, the light polarized in the x direction is converted into polarized;
when a driving voltage is applied to the TFT, the liquid crystals located between the two substrates are aligned along the electric field direction (as shown in fig. 7), at this time, the liquid crystals do not have a birefringence effect on incident light, the y-direction polarized light transmitted through the liquid crystal system still keeps the y-direction polarization, the polarization selective reflection surface does not reflect the incident y-direction polarized light, at this time, no reflected light enters human eyes, and we can encode the alignment orientation of the liquid crystal pixels through the TFT, so that human eyes can see an image.
When the ambient light intensity is not enough to provide display or in a dark environment, the lateral dynamic dimming system can judge whether to perform light compensation according to the magnitude of the photocurrent output by the photoelectric detector so as to perform compensation with light of required intensity, lateral light is changed from a point light source or a line light source into a surface light source through the light guide plate, and then is further homogenized and concentrated by the diffusion film and the brightness enhancement film so as to participate in display together with incident ambient light.
The embodiment of the invention is provided with a step of optical compensation, specifically, photoelectric current output by the photoelectric detector is converted into a digital signal by the analog-to-digital converter and transmitted to the processor, the processor judges the intensity of ambient light according to the magnitude of received photoelectric current, and judges whether the side light source needs to be started for optical compensation or not and the duty ratio of the driving voltage of the light source needs to be large according to the intensity of the ambient light.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention provides a liquid crystal display system illuminated by a front light module by utilizing a polarization selective reflector to selectively reflect incident polarized light according to the polarization direction, so that the ambient light is fully utilized for display, and the power consumption is saved;
2. the invention also provides a system light source dynamic dimming auxiliary lighting, which is convenient for light compensation when the ambient light is weak, can save the power consumption to the maximum extent, and particularly has wide application prospect on mobile display equipment;
3. the invention utilizes the ambient light to carry out illumination display, saves electric energy, has simple and compact structure, and ensures that the display image has high contrast and high display quality.
All the above-mentioned optional technical solutions can be combined arbitrarily to form the optional embodiments of the present invention, and are not described herein again.
It should be noted that: in the embodiment, when executing a polarized light generating method, the polarized light generating apparatus and the polarized light generating system are only illustrated by dividing the functional modules, and in practical applications, the functions may be distributed by different functional modules according to needs, that is, the internal structure of the system may be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. In addition, the embodiments of the polarized light generating device, the polarized light generating system, and the polarized light generating method provided by the embodiments belong to the same concept, and specific implementation processes thereof are described in the embodiments of the methods and are not described herein again.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. A front light module is characterized by comprising a light guide plate and a diffusion film;
the light guide plate is used for receiving and guiding out light beams emitted by ambient light; the light guide plate comprises a light incident surface facing ambient light and a light emergent surface deviating from the ambient light;
the diffusion film is arranged on one side opposite to the light-emitting surface and used for diffusing and guiding out the light beams guided out by the light guide plate;
the light guide plate and the diffusion film are stacked.
2. The front light module of claim 1, further comprising a dynamically adjustable lateral light intensity light source for determining the intensity of ambient light and initiating light compensation when the ambient light is insufficient;
the lateral light intensity dynamically adjustable light source is arranged on the side face of the light guide plate.
3. The front light module of claim 2, wherein the lateral light intensity dynamically adjustable light source comprises a photodetector, an analog-to-digital converter, a processor, a square wave power generator, and an LED light source, which are connected in sequence;
the photoelectric detector is used for converting the light signal of the collected ambient light into an electric signal;
the analog-to-digital converter is used for converting the electric signal into a digital signal with current magnitude;
the processor is used for judging the intensity of the ambient light according to the received digital signal and judging whether to start the light compensation according to the intensity of the ambient light.
4. The front light module as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a brightness enhancement film disposed on a side of the diffuser film from which the light beam is guided, for concentrating the light beam guided by the diffuser film to improve illumination intensity.
5. A liquid crystal display system comprising a glass cover plate, the front light module according to any one of claims 1 to 4, a polarizing plate, a color filter, a liquid crystal system, and a polarization selective reflecting surface, which are sequentially stacked;
the glass cover plate comprises a front surface facing ambient light and a back surface deviating from the ambient light, and the light incident surface of the light guide plate of the front light module faces the back surface of the glass cover plate;
the polaroid is used for converting ambient light into linearly polarized light; the linearly polarized light forms RGB colored light through the color filter and enters the liquid crystal system;
the polarization selective reflecting surface is used for reflecting the linearly polarized light passing through the liquid crystal system.
6. The liquid crystal display system according to claim 5, wherein the liquid crystal system comprises an upper electrode plate, an x-direction alignment film, a liquid crystal layer, a y-direction alignment film, and a thin film transistor substrate, which are sequentially stacked;
the linearly polarized light sequentially passes through the color filter to form RGB colored light, liquid crystals arranged between the x-direction orientation film and the y-direction orientation film are arranged in a twisted shape under the action of the x-direction orientation film and the y-direction orientation film, and the x-direction linearly polarized light is converted into y-direction linearly polarized light through the liquid crystal layer.
7. The liquid crystal display system of claim 5, wherein the polarization selective reflecting surface is provided with micro-nano geometrical structures with different periods, different lengths of long axis and short axis, and different heights.
8. The liquid crystal display system of claim 7, wherein the micro-nano scale geometry is an elliptical cylinder, a cuboid, or an irregular shaped geometry.
9. The liquid crystal display system of claim 5, wherein the polarization-selective reflective surface comprises a three-layer stack comprising three polarization-selective reflective surfaces, each of which allows high reflectivity for only a single specific wavelength of light of a corresponding RGB, while having high transmissivity for light of the remaining two RGB wavelengths.
10. The liquid crystal display system of claim 5, wherein the polarization selective reflective surface is a single layer structure having three different parameter structures corresponding to RGB for selective reflection of polarized light.
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| CN104730768A (en) * | 2015-04-09 | 2015-06-24 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Reflection-type display device and display method thereof |
| CN110632688A (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2019-12-31 | 琳得科株式会社 | Light diffusion control laminate and reflection type display |
| CN109031787A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2018-12-18 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | A kind of front located light source and display device |
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Application publication date: 20210223 |