CN112391536A - Novel process for separating silver, zinc and bismuth materials - Google Patents
Novel process for separating silver, zinc and bismuth materials Download PDFInfo
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- CN112391536A CN112391536A CN202010810652.7A CN202010810652A CN112391536A CN 112391536 A CN112391536 A CN 112391536A CN 202010810652 A CN202010810652 A CN 202010810652A CN 112391536 A CN112391536 A CN 112391536A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/04—Working-up slag
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G29/00—Compounds of bismuth
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G5/00—Compounds of silver
- C01G5/02—Halides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G9/00—Compounds of zinc
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/005—Preliminary treatment of scrap
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B11/00—Obtaining noble metals
- C22B11/04—Obtaining noble metals by wet processes
- C22B11/042—Recovery of noble metals from waste materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B19/00—Obtaining zinc or zinc oxide
- C22B19/20—Obtaining zinc otherwise than by distilling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B19/00—Obtaining zinc or zinc oxide
- C22B19/30—Obtaining zinc or zinc oxide from metallic residues or scraps
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B30/00—Obtaining antimony, arsenic or bismuth
- C22B30/06—Obtaining bismuth
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/006—Wet processes
- C22B7/007—Wet processes by acid leaching
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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Abstract
The invention discloses a novel process for separating a silver-zinc-bismuth material, which relates to the technical field of nonferrous metallurgy, in particular to a novel process for separating a silver-zinc-bismuth material, and comprises the following steps: s1, leaching the gold and silver; s2, precipitating bismuth by using soda ash; s3, precipitating zinc by using soda ash; s4, alkali washing and dechlorinating. The novel process for separating the silver-zinc-bismuth material comprises the steps of producing silver-zinc-bismuth slag in the process of refining bismuth and adding zinc to remove silver, returning the silver-zinc-bismuth slag to a reverberatory furnace in the traditional process, recycling zinc, opening a way, enabling bismuth and silver to enter a front-section system, increasing the production cost, separating silver, bismuth and zinc by a wet method, making silver chloride into silver chloride, making bismuth into wet bismuth oxide, and making zinc carbonate into zinc carbonate, so as to achieve the purpose of separation and recycling; a new process for separating silver, zinc and bismuth materials is designed, zinc is made into zinc carbonate to be directly recycled in an open circuit, silver is made into silver chloride to be directly fed into a silver converter, and bismuth is made into wet bismuth oxide, so that the purposes of separating and recycling and reducing the production cost are achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nonferrous metallurgy, in particular to a novel process for separating silver, zinc and bismuth materials.
Background
The non-ferrous metals in the narrow sense are also called non-ferrous metals, and are the general names of all metals except iron, manganese and chromium. Non-ferrous metals in the broad sense also include non-ferrous alloys. Non-ferrous alloys are alloys based on a non-ferrous metal (usually greater than 50%) with the addition of one or more other elements. Non-ferrous metals generally refer to all metals except iron (and sometimes manganese and chromium) and iron-based alloys. Non-ferrous metals can be classified into heavy metals (e.g., copper, lead, zinc), light metals (e.g., aluminum, magnesium), noble metals (e.g., gold, silver, platinum), and rare metals (e.g., tungsten, molybdenum, germanium, lithium, lanthanum, uranium). Metallurgy is the process and technology of extracting metals or metal compounds from minerals to produce metallic materials with certain properties by various processing methods. The metallurgical technology mainly comprises pyrometallurgy, hydrometallurgy and electrometallurgy. With the successful application of physical chemistry in metallurgy, metallurgy goes from technology to science, and thus has the metallurgical engineering specialty in universities.
In the bismuth refining production process, silver, zinc and bismuth slag produced by adding zinc and removing silver is returned to a reverberatory furnace in the traditional process, so that zinc is not directly recycled in an open circuit, and silver and bismuth enter a front-section production system, thereby increasing the production cost.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a new process for separating silver, zinc and bismuth materials, and solves the problem that the production cost is increased because the traditional process returns to a reverberatory furnace to directly recycle zinc without opening a circuit and silver and bismuth enter a front-stage production system, wherein silver, zinc and bismuth residues produced by adding zinc and removing silver are provided in the bismuth refining production process in the background art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a new process for separating silver, zinc and bismuth materials comprises the following steps:
s1, leaching gold and silver: grinding silver-zinc slag into silver-zinc slag powder by a Raymond mill, mixing the silver-zinc slag powder with sodium chlorate to prepare a mixture A, then putting the mixture A into hydrochloric acid to enable zinc to generate zinc chloride and bismuth to generate bismuth chloride to be dissolved in water, and silver to be precipitated to achieve separation of bismuth, zinc and silver, scattering a small amount of silver-zinc-bismuth material without sodium chlorate to be replaced under a certain reaction condition, precipitating gold and silver, reacting for 1 hour, then adding a flocculating agent, standing for precipitation, and pumping away supernatant;
s2, precipitating bismuth by soda ash: adding soda ash to regulate the pH value in the leaching of the gold and silver in the step S1 to hydrolyze bismuth chloride to generate bismuth oxychloride for precipitation so as to separate bismuth and zinc, adding water to dilute the supernatant for one time, and then adding soda ash to regulate the pH value for hydrolysis;
s3, precipitating zinc by using soda ash: reacting zinc chloride with soda to generate zinc carbonate for precipitation, precipitating the sodium carbonate in the step S2, precipitating bismuth by the soda, and adding the soda into the liquid after precipitating bismuth to adjust the PH value;
s4, alkali washing and dechlorinating: the method comprises the steps of dechlorinating by adopting a wet method, generating bismuth oxide and sodium chloride from bismuth oxychloride under the high-temperature and high-alkali conditions, converting the dechlorinated bismuth oxychloride into the bismuth oxide and the sodium chloride, dissolving the sodium chloride in water, realizing dechlorination through liquid-solid separation, then carrying out filter pressing, and washing with water.
Optionally, in the step S1 and the leaching of gold and silver, the reaction condition is that the acidity reaches 140g/L, and the reaction lasts for about 5 hours.
Optionally, in the step S2, during the precipitation of bismuth by soda, soda is added to the leaching of gold and silver in the step S1 to adjust the PH to 2-2.5.
Optionally, in the step S3 and precipitating zinc with soda, the PH of the solution after precipitating bismuth is adjusted to 6.5-7 by adding soda into the solution after precipitating bismuth in the step S2 and precipitating bismuth with soda.
Optionally, in the step S4, during alkali washing and dechlorination, the high-temperature and high-alkali condition reaches 150g/L of alkalinity, the temperature is 90 ℃, the reaction is performed for 3 hours, and the chlorine is less than 0.3%.
Optionally, in the step S4, during the alkali washing dechlorination, liquid-solid separation is performed at a temperature of 90 ℃, and the liquid-solid ratio is 6: 1.
the invention provides a new process for separating silver, zinc and bismuth materials, which has the following beneficial effects:
a new process for separating silver, zinc and bismuth materials is characterized in that zinc is made into zinc carbonate to be directly recycled in an open circuit, silver is made into silver chloride to be directly fed into a silver converter, and bismuth is made into wet bismuth oxide to achieve the purposes of separating and recycling and reducing the production cost;
silver, zinc and bismuth slag produced in the process of refining bismuth and adding zinc to remove silver is returned to a reverberatory furnace in the traditional process, zinc is not recovered and is opened, and bismuth and silver enter a front-stage system to increase the production cost. The invention separates silver, bismuth and zinc by a wet method, silver is made into silver chloride and enters a silver converter, bismuth is made into wet bismuth oxide, and zinc is made into zinc carbonate, thereby achieving the purpose of separation and recovery.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: a new process for separating silver, zinc and bismuth materials comprises the following steps:
s1, leaching gold and silver: grinding silver-zinc slag into silver-zinc slag powder by a Raymond mill, mixing the silver-zinc slag powder with sodium chlorate to prepare a mixture A, then putting the mixture A into hydrochloric acid to enable zinc to generate zinc chloride and bismuth to generate bismuth chloride to be dissolved in water, and silver to be precipitated to achieve separation of bismuth, zinc and silver, scattering a small amount of silver-zinc-bismuth material without sodium chlorate to be replaced under a certain reaction condition, precipitating gold and silver, reacting for 1 hour, then adding a flocculating agent, standing for precipitation, and pumping away supernatant;
s2, precipitating bismuth by soda ash: adding soda ash to regulate the pH value in the leaching of the gold and silver in the step S1 to hydrolyze bismuth chloride to generate bismuth oxychloride for precipitation so as to separate bismuth and zinc, adding water to dilute the supernatant for one time, and then adding soda ash to regulate the pH value for hydrolysis;
s3, precipitating zinc by using soda ash: reacting zinc chloride with soda to generate zinc carbonate for precipitation, precipitating the sodium carbonate in the step S2, precipitating bismuth by the soda, and adding the soda into the liquid after precipitating bismuth to adjust the PH value;
s4, alkali washing and dechlorinating: the method comprises the steps of dechlorinating by adopting a wet method, generating bismuth oxide and sodium chloride from bismuth oxychloride under the high-temperature and high-alkali conditions, converting the dechlorinated bismuth oxychloride into the bismuth oxide and the sodium chloride, dissolving the sodium chloride in water, realizing dechlorination through liquid-solid separation, then carrying out filter pressing, and washing with water.
In the invention:
further, in the step S1, in the leaching of the gold and silver, the reaction condition reaches the acidity of 140g/L, and the reaction lasts for about 5 hours.
Further, in the step S2, in the step of precipitating bismuth by soda, soda is added in the step S1 of leaching gold and silver to adjust the PH to 2-2.5.
Further, in the step S3 of precipitating zinc with soda, soda is added to the bismuth precipitated in the step S2 of precipitating bismuth with soda, and the PH of the solution after precipitating bismuth is adjusted to 6.5 to 7.
Further, in the step S4, during alkali washing and dechlorination, the high-temperature and high-alkali conditions reach the alkalinity of 150g/L, the temperature is 90 ℃, the reaction is carried out for 3 hours, and the chlorine is less than 0.3 percent.
Further, in step S4, in the alkali washing dechlorination, liquid-solid separation is performed at a temperature of 90 ℃, and the liquid-solid ratio is 6: 1.
in conclusion, when the novel process for separating the silver-zinc-bismuth material is used, firstly, a Raymond machine grinds silver-zinc slag, then the silver-zinc slag is mixed with sodium chlorate, the mixture is put into hydrochloric acid, zinc generates zinc chloride, bismuth generates bismuth chloride, the bismuth chloride is dissolved in water, silver is precipitated, the bismuth, the zinc and the silver are separated, then, the acidity is 140g/L, the mixture reacts for about 5 hours, a small amount of silver-zinc-bismuth material without sodium chlorate is scattered for replacement, gold and silver are precipitated, a flocculating agent is added for reaction for 1 hour, the flocculating agent is added for static precipitation, supernatant liquid is taken out, soda is added for regulating the pH, bismuth chloride is hydrolyzed to generate bismuth oxychloride, the precipitation is achieved, the bismuth and the zinc are separated, the supernatant liquid is diluted by one time by adding water, the soda is added for regulating the pH to be 2-2.5 for hydrolysis, and then, the zinc chloride reacts with the soda to generate zinc carbonate, and. Adding soda ash into the bismuth-precipitated solution to adjust the pH value to 6.5-7; secondly, performing alkaline dechlorination by adopting a wet method, generating bismuth oxide and sodium chloride from bismuth oxychloride under the high-temperature and high-alkali conditions, converting the dechlorinated bismuth oxychloride into bismuth oxide and sodium chloride, dissolving the sodium chloride in water, and performing liquid-solid separation to realize dechlorination; alkalinity of 150g/l, temperature of 90 ℃, reaction time of 3 hours, chlorine of less than 0.3%, pressure filtration, washing with water, temperature of 90 ℃, liquid-solid ratio of 6: 1.
the above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A new process for separating silver, zinc and bismuth materials comprises the following steps:
s1, leaching gold and silver: grinding silver-zinc slag into silver-zinc slag powder by a Raymond mill, mixing the silver-zinc slag powder with sodium chlorate to prepare a mixture A, then putting the mixture A into hydrochloric acid to enable zinc to generate zinc chloride and bismuth to generate bismuth chloride to be dissolved in water, and silver to be precipitated to achieve separation of bismuth, zinc and silver, scattering a small amount of silver-zinc-bismuth material without sodium chlorate to be replaced under a certain reaction condition, precipitating gold and silver, reacting for 1 hour, then adding a flocculating agent, standing for precipitation, and pumping away supernatant;
s2, precipitating bismuth by soda ash: adding soda ash to regulate the pH value in the leaching of the gold and silver in the step S1 to hydrolyze bismuth chloride to generate bismuth oxychloride for precipitation so as to separate bismuth and zinc, adding water to dilute the supernatant for one time, and then adding soda ash to regulate the pH value for hydrolysis;
s3, precipitating zinc by using soda ash: reacting zinc chloride with soda to generate zinc carbonate for precipitation, precipitating the sodium carbonate in the step S2, precipitating bismuth by the soda, and adding the soda into the liquid after precipitating bismuth to adjust the PH value;
s4, alkali washing and dechlorinating: the method comprises the steps of dechlorinating by adopting a wet method, generating bismuth oxide and sodium chloride from bismuth oxychloride under the high-temperature and high-alkali conditions, converting the dechlorinated bismuth oxychloride into the bismuth oxide and the sodium chloride, dissolving the sodium chloride in water, realizing dechlorination through liquid-solid separation, then carrying out filter pressing, and washing with water.
2. The novel process for separating silver, zinc and bismuth materials according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in the step S1 and the gold and silver leaching, the reaction condition reaches the acidity of 140g/L, and the reaction lasts for about 5 hours.
3. The novel process for separating silver, zinc and bismuth materials according to claim 1 is characterized in that: and S2, adding soda ash into the leaching of the gold and silver in the step S1 to adjust the PH to 2-2.5 in the precipitation of the bismuth by the soda ash.
4. The novel process for separating silver, zinc and bismuth materials according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in the step S3 of depositing zinc by soda, the PH of the liquid after depositing bismuth is adjusted to 6.5-7 by adding soda into the liquid after depositing bismuth in the step S2 of depositing bismuth by soda.
5. The novel process for separating silver, zinc and bismuth materials according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in the step S4, during alkali washing and dechlorination, the high-temperature and high-alkali condition reaches 150g/L of alkalinity, the temperature is 90 ℃, the reaction is carried out for 3 hours, and the chlorine is less than 0.3 percent.
6. The novel process for separating silver, zinc and bismuth materials according to claim 1 is characterized in that: and S4, performing liquid-solid separation in alkali washing dechlorination at the temperature of 90 ℃, wherein the liquid-solid ratio is 6: 1.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010810652.7A CN112391536A (en) | 2020-08-13 | 2020-08-13 | Novel process for separating silver, zinc and bismuth materials |
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| CN202010810652.7A CN112391536A (en) | 2020-08-13 | 2020-08-13 | Novel process for separating silver, zinc and bismuth materials |
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Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103589873A (en) * | 2013-11-27 | 2014-02-19 | 郴州市金贵银业股份有限公司 | Method for recovering valuable metals from silver-zinc slag |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103589873A (en) * | 2013-11-27 | 2014-02-19 | 郴州市金贵银业股份有限公司 | Method for recovering valuable metals from silver-zinc slag |
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Application publication date: 20210223 |