CN112391293A - Method for preparing squalene by autotrophic culture of botryococcus through heterotrophic biomembrane adherence - Google Patents

Method for preparing squalene by autotrophic culture of botryococcus through heterotrophic biomembrane adherence Download PDF

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CN112391293A
CN112391293A CN202011338162.8A CN202011338162A CN112391293A CN 112391293 A CN112391293 A CN 112391293A CN 202011338162 A CN202011338162 A CN 202011338162A CN 112391293 A CN112391293 A CN 112391293A
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botryococcus
squalene
culture
medium
improving
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程鹏飞
周成旭
严小军
褚蕊蕊
刘天中
王海霞
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Ningbo University
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Abstract

The invention provides a method for preparing squalene by culturing Botryococcus, which improves the yield of squalene in the culture process of Botryococcus by optimizing the culture mode of the Botryococcus for producing squalene; further improving the medical application of the grape alga squalene, reducing the environmental damage caused by the application and development of the squalene and making up the defects of the prior art. The invention firstly provides a method for culturing Botryococcus, which is characterized in that glucose is added into BG11 culture medium to culture Botryococcus, thereby propagating algae. The invention also provides a method for improving the squalene production of Botryococcus, which is to culture the Botryococcus in the BG11 culture medium and reduce the nitrogen concentration in the BG11 culture medium. The invention promotes the synthesis of squalene under the condition of not influencing the growth of botryococcus, thereby improving the yield of squalene with medical value, improving the application prospect of botryococcus squalene products, and hopefully reducing the killing amount of sharks, thereby protecting marine ecological environment.

Description

Method for preparing squalene by autotrophic culture of botryococcus through heterotrophic biomembrane adherence
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of botryococcus propagation culture and high-value product production, and particularly relates to a method for preparing squalene by culturing botryococcus.
Background
Squalene (Squalene) is used as a biosynthesis precursor of plant and animal steroids, is unsaponifiable colorless oily triterpenoid hydrocarbon, has remarkable antioxidant and antibacterial activities, and is widely applied to industries such as biomedicine, food supplements, high-quality cosmetics and the like. In 2020, some new coronary pneumonia candidate vaccines contain squalene as reported in the uk medium. Only 2014, the global squalene market demand reaches 26 million tons, and the market value reaches 2.4 hundred million dollars.
However, the current commercial source of squalene is primarily liver oil from deep sea sharks, but the continuous supply and future availability of animal liver oil will be greatly limited due to the conservation of marine wildlife and fishery resources. Therefore, the search for a new resource of squalene that can replace animal sources is an urgent task to meet the commercial production of high-quality squalene and to improve marine ecology. Research shows that some plants, microorganisms and a few microalgae in the nature have the capacity of synthesizing squalene under a controlled environment, but the generated squalene product is mostly gathered in a specific subcellular region to damage host cells, and the characteristic feedback inhibits the continuous biosynthesis of squalene.
The botryococcus in the microalgae can synthesize triterpene hydrocarbons rich in squalene, which account for about 30-50% of the total amount of hydrocarbons, and the squalene synthesis process does not damage algal cells, so that the botryococcus is a squalene resource substitute with application prospect. However, as the cells of the algae grow slowly, the research on the production of the botryococcus squalene is not much concerned, and the medical application of the botryococcus squalene is also greatly limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for preparing squalene by culturing Botryococcus, which improves the yield of squalene in the culture process of Botryococcus by optimizing the culture mode of the Botryococcus for producing squalene; further improving the medical application of the grape alga squalene, reducing the environmental damage caused by the application and development of the squalene and making up the defects of the prior art.
The invention firstly provides a method for culturing Botryococcus, which is characterized in that glucose is added into a BG11 culture medium to culture the Botryococcus, so as to propagate algae;
preferably, the adding concentration of the glucose is 2.5 g/L;
the invention also provides a method for improving the squalene production of Botryococcus, which is to culture the Botryococcus in the BG11 culture medium and reduce the nitrogen concentration in the BG11 culture medium;
preferably, the nitrogen concentration in the BG11 culture medium is reduced to one half of the background value or zero nitrogen concentration;
as a specific description of the examples, the BG11 medium was adjusted to a nitrogen concentration of one fourth of the background (0.375 g.L)-1)。
Furthermore, the method is to culture in a biomembrane adherence reaction device;
as a specific description of the embodiment, a mixed fiber filter membrane material with a pore size of 0.22 μm is used in the biofilm adherence reaction device.
The invention promotes the synthesis of squalene under the condition of not influencing the growth of botryococcus, thereby improving the yield of squalene with medical value, improving the application prospect of botryococcus squalene products, and hopefully reducing the killing amount of sharks, thereby protecting marine ecological environment.
Drawings
FIG. 1: schematic device diagrams of a botryococcus liquid culture (a) and a biofilm adherent culture (b);
FIG. 2: graph comparing the change of the growth of the algae cells (a), the hydrocarbon (b) and the squalene content (c) in the liquid culture and the adherent culture of the botryococcus;
FIG. 3: a graph of the effect of different nitrogen sources and concentrations on the yield of squalene from Botryococcus;
FIG. 4: a plot of the variation of different N concentrations on the growth of botryococcus cells (a) and squalene production (b);
FIG. 5: and (3) a graph of biological yield of Botryococcus under heterotrophic conditions and squalene content.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples and the accompanying drawings.
Example 1: comparison of Botryococcus liquid culture with Squalene production by biofilm adherent culture
Culturing Botryococcus (B.braunii) in BG11 medium with 1% CO2Liquid culture and adherent culture were carried out at a concentration (volume ratio), illumination intensity of 3000lux, and temperature of 25 ℃ respectively (FIGS. 1a and b). BG11 (g.L)-1) The components of the medium were distributed as follows: 1.5 portions of potassium nitrate, 0.075 portion of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 0.04 portion of dipotassium phosphate trihydrate, 0.027 portion of anhydrous calcium chloride, 0.02 portion of sodium carbonate, 0.006 portion of citric acid, 0.006 portion of ferric ammonium citrate, 0.001 portion of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid and 5mL of A5 solution, and the pH value is 7.5.
The Photobioreactor (PBR) for the B.braunii liquid suspension culture experiment consisted of a flat plate reactor (length 50cm, width 20cm, thickness 1cm, volume 1L) with an illumination area of 0.1m2(ii) a The adherent culture is to separate Botryococcus from culture medium, place the algae cells on the mixed fiber filter membrane material with pore size of 0.22 μm, and perform CO culture under certain illumination intensity2Photoautotrophic mode at concentration.
After 10 days of culture, the results are shown in FIG. 2, and the biological productivity of algal cells in adherent culture is higher than that in liquid culture, and is 5.24 g.m.-2.d-1、4.12g.m-2.d-1(ii) a The hydrocarbon content was not very different for the two culture modes (FIG. 2 b); however, the content of squalene in adherent culture was higher than in liquid culture (FIG. 2 c).
Example 2: effect of different carbon sources and their concentrations on Botryococcus growth under heterotrophic conditions
The Botryococcus culture was performed under the same illumination intensity (3000lux) and the same conditions as in example 1 at an addition concentration of 2.0g.L-1In the culture medium of different organic carbon, the organic carbon sources are glycerol, glucose and acetic acid, respectively. The culture results are shown in FIG. 3 a. KnotThe result shows that the botryococcus are best grown in the culture medium with the organic carbon source of glucose, and the biological yield is 1.01g.L-1.d-1
Under the condition of determining that the organic carbon source is glucose, different carbon source concentrations of 0.5, 1.0, 2.5 and 5.0g.L are respectively set-1The culture is carried out. The results showed that the concentration of Botryococcus at glucose was 2.5g.L-1The growth is best, and the biological yield is 1.21g.L-1.d-1
Example 3: adjusting N concentration to increase squalene yield of Botryococcus under autotrophic conditions
Botryococcus were cultured adherently in BG11 medium at different initial N concentrations for 7 days under the same conditions as in example 1. Initial N concentrations were set to normal BG11 (1.5 g.L), respectively-1)、1/2N(0.75g.L-1)、1/4N(0.375g.L-1)、1/8N(0.1875g.L-1)、0N。
As shown in FIG. 4, the difference between Botryococcus and normal BG11, 1/2N and 1/4N was small, and the biological yields were 5.24, 5.08 and 4.86g.m, respectively-2.d-1The growth of algae cells is inhibited under the condition that the N concentration is 1/8N and 0N, and the biological yield is 3.32 and 2.83g.m-2.d-1
In terms of squalene content, the squalene content under low N condition is obviously improved, and the squalene content under different N concentration conditions (normal BG11, 1/2N, 1/4N, 1/8N and 0N) is respectively 0.27, 0.32, 0.41, 0.39 and 0.40mg.g-1(ii) a And 1/4N (0.375 g.L)-1) The lower angle yields squalene were highest.
Example 4: heterotrophic culture for increasing the yield of botryococcus, and autotrophic culture for increasing the yield of squalene
Culturing Botryococcus in 3L fermentation tank at the concentration of 2.5g.L-1Glucose in BG11 medium (BG 11 medium formulation as above) was cultured at 25 ℃ for 14 days. Then, the algal bodies were collected as a seed solution and inoculated into a biofilm adherent culture apparatus using a low N medium (1/4N,0.375 g.L.) as described in example 3-1) At 1% CO2Adherence is carried out under the conditions of concentration (volume ratio) and temperature of 25 DEG CCulturing for 7 days, collecting Botryococcus cells, and determining the biomass and squalene content of the Botryococcus cells. The results are shown in FIG. 5. The biomass of Botryococcus is 31.2g.L-1The biological yield is 1.48g.L-1.d-1The content of squalene is 0.28mg.g-1The yield of squalene is 0.41mg.L-1.d-1
The result shows that compared with other reported methods, the method greatly improves the biological yield of the botryococcus and the yield of the botryococcus squalene is improved by about 40 percent compared with the traditional liquid suspension culture under the same condition, thereby providing a feasible path for the industrial production of the botryococcus squalene.

Claims (8)

1. A method for culturing Botryococcus is characterized in that glucose is added into BG11 culture medium to culture the Botryococcus.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the glucose is added at a concentration of 2.5 g/L.
3. The method for improving squalene production of Botryococcus is characterized in that the Botryococcus is cultured in BG11 medium, and the nitrogen concentration in the BG11 medium is reduced.
4. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the BG11 medium is reduced by reducing the concentration of nitrogen in the BG11 medium to one-half the background value or to zero.
5. The method as claimed in claim 3 or 4, wherein the BG11 medium is reduced by a factor of four relative to the background value of the BG11 medium.
6. The method of any one of claims 3-5, wherein the method is culturing in a biofilm adherent reaction device.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein a mixed fiber filter material having a pore size of 0.22 μm is used in the biofilm adherence reaction device.
8. The method of claim 3, wherein the Botryococcus is cultured by the method of claim 1 or 2.
CN202011338162.8A 2020-11-25 2020-11-25 Method for preparing squalene by autotrophic culture of botryococcus through heterotrophic biomembrane adherence Pending CN112391293A (en)

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