CN112391067A - Device and method for producing carbon black by using biodiesel - Google Patents
Device and method for producing carbon black by using biodiesel Download PDFInfo
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- CN112391067A CN112391067A CN201910760328.6A CN201910760328A CN112391067A CN 112391067 A CN112391067 A CN 112391067A CN 201910760328 A CN201910760328 A CN 201910760328A CN 112391067 A CN112391067 A CN 112391067A
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- carbon black
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- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 239000003225 biodiesel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 58
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000010806 kitchen waste Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 47
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007171 acid catalysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010775 animal oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C21 MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011280 coal tar Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000005575 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 and meanwhile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011269 tar Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/44—Carbon
- C09C1/48—Carbon black
- C09C1/50—Furnace black ; Preparation thereof
Abstract
The invention relates to a device and a method for producing carbon black by using biodiesel, which are characterized in that: the gasification and recovery device comprises a gasification tower and a storage tank for storing un-gasified heavy oil, the storage tank is connected with the bottom of the gasification tower, the heating furnace is divided into a convection section at the front half section and a radiation section at the rear half section, the outlet of the convection section is connected with the middle part of the evaporation tower, the outlet of the condenser is connected with the inlet of the radiation section, and the outlet of the radiation section is connected with the vaporization tower; the upper end outlet of the vaporization tower is connected with a fire house, so that the waste kitchen waste grease has new application which can be further utilized, is beneficial to environmental protection and can produce carbon black products with environmental protection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of carbon black production, relates to the technical field of carbon black production, and relates to a device and a method for producing black by using biodiesel.
Background
At present, raw oil for producing carbon black by the domestic oil furnace method is limited to the raw oil of byproducts of coal chemical industry or petrochemical industry such as ethylene tar, coal tar, anthracene oil and the like. The raw oil series oil used by the common oil furnace process belongs to resource type raw materials, the resource quantity is reduced continuously along with the development and the use of the raw materials in the years, the resource protection is not facilitated, the production of the resource type raw materials is reduced or limited by the influence of laws and regulations of environmental protection policies, the supply cannot be met frequently, and the normal production of carbon black is influenced, tests show that under the condition of not changing the existing reaction furnace type, the biodiesel is directly used for replacing coal tar series, the biodiesel takes vegetable oil, animal oil and the like as raw materials, the biodiesel fuel prepared by the acid catalysis technology is processed by taking oil pressing waste residue and catering waste oil, namely so-called kitchen waste oil as raw materials, the density of the biodiesel is low, the light fraction content is high, and the temperature is close to 2000 ℃ when the biodiesel enters the inside of a carbon black reaction furnace in the production process, the raw oil is burnt out, so that the yield of the carbon black is extremely low, and no economic benefit is produced, therefore, the conventional oil furnace process can not be used for producing the carbon black by using the biodiesel.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device and a method for carrying out high-temperature treatment on carbon black in an oxygen-free state, so that the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon content of the carbon black is reduced, the environmental protection index is improved, and a carbon black product with lower polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon is produced.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a device for producing carbon black by utilizing biodiesel is characterized in that: the gasification and recovery device comprises a gasification tower and a storage tank for storing un-gasified heavy oil, the storage tank is connected with the bottom of the gasification tower, the heating furnace is divided into a convection section at the front half section and a radiation section at the rear half section, the outlet of the convection section is connected with the middle part of the evaporation tower, the outlet of the condenser is connected with the inlet of the radiation section, and the outlet of the radiation section is connected with the vaporization tower; the outlet at the upper end of the vaporization tower is connected with the firebox.
The analysis and the test of the fraction composition of the biodiesel prove that: the oil becomes an oil-gas mixture when being heated to the temperature of 500-530 ℃, the oil-gas mixture in the state can generate carbon black after being incompletely combusted at the high temperature of 1200 ℃, and compared with the conventional oil furnace process, the reaction temperature is greatly reduced, and the carbon black yield is normal. The invention does not adopt an oil furnace carbon black production process, researches and designs a set of device and a method which are suitable for the first gasification and then reaction of the biodiesel to generate the carbon black, and produces the carbon black which meets the environmental protection requirement from the raw material to the finished product.
Preferably, the heating furnace is connected with an oil tank, and an oil cooler for cooling the biodiesel is arranged above the oil tank.
The biodiesel needs to be cooled before entering the oil tank, and because the biodiesel has instability, the biodiesel needs to be cooled before entering the oil tank, so that the oil temperature is reduced, and the stability of normal operation of the system is ensured.
Further, a filter is arranged next to the oil tank, and the filter is arranged in front of the inlet of the convection section of the heating furnace.
The filter is tightly connected with the oil tank and is installed, the filter adopts a high-strength wedge-shaped filter screen, and impurities such as suspended matters and particles in the biodiesel can be filtered out by automatically cleaning the filter element through pressure difference control and timing control, so that the accuracy and the safety in the carbon black production process are ensured.
Preferably, the furnace is a tube furnace.
The tubular heating furnace is a directly heated type heating device which can continuously operate for a long period and operate uninterruptedly, the exhaust gas temperature of the tubular heating furnace can be reduced to about 100 ℃, partial condensation of acid-containing water vapor in the flue gas is realized, and the latent heat of vaporization of partial acid-containing water vapor can be recovered while the low-temperature sensible heat of the flue gas is recovered, so that the thermal efficiency of the heating furnace is further improved, the energy is saved, and the management is convenient. The bottom of the tubular heating furnace is combusted with natural gas to provide heat, so that the temperatures of the radiation section and the convection section meet the requirements.
Furthermore, the double-screw pump is positioned at the joint of the condensed gas outlet and the inlet of the radiation section of the heating furnace.
The oil separated from the bottom of the tower is pumped by a double screw pump into the radiation section of the heating furnace and heated to 430 ℃.
Further, install the oil drum under the storage tank.
The oil drum is arranged right below the storage tank, so that the non-gasified heavy oil is conveniently put into the storage tank from the bottom of the gasification tower and then put into the oil drum 12 for recycling.
Preferably, the fire house has 4 seats, and 8064 fire nozzles are arranged in each fire house.
The carbon black is finally formed in a fire house, 4 fire houses are provided, 8064 fire nozzles are arranged in each fire house, the temperature can reach 1200 ℃, mixed gas is sprayed and combusted through the fire nozzles, the carbon black is generated through incomplete combustion reaction, and 35 g of carbon black can be generated by each fire nozzle per hour.
The invention also provides a method for producing carbon black by using biodiesel, which comprises the following steps:
(1) a heating stage: the biodiesel enters a convection section of the tubular furnace, the temperature of the furnace tube is controlled at 160 ℃ by a thermocouple and an automatic control device, and the biodiesel reaches the specified temperature of 155-165 ℃ by conduction heat transfer.
(2) And (3) evaporation and condensation stage: the evaporation tower evaporates water, the evaporation temperature of the evaporation tower is 160 ℃, the evaporated water vapor reaches the condenser and is cooled by indirect condensed water, and the condensation temperature is normal temperature.
(3) A radiation section heating stage: when the temperature of the radiation section reaches 430 ℃, the temperature is kept constant by regulating and controlling the gas flow, so that the oil separated from the bottom of the evaporation tower enters the radiation section of the heating furnace and is heated to 430 ℃.
(4) A vaporization stage; heating natural gas to 530 ℃ by a heater, then feeding the natural gas into a gasification tower,
(5) and (3) a combustion stage: after the oil and the gas are mixed, the carbon black can be generated by incomplete combustion in a high-temperature firebox at 1200 ℃.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention discloses a device for producing carbon black by utilizing biodiesel, which is characterized in that a biodiesel fuel prepared from animal and vegetable oil and kitchen waste oil by an acid catalysis technology is not required to be produced by an oil furnace carbon black production process, and a device suitable for gasifying the biodiesel firstly and then reacting to generate the carbon black is researched and designed to produce the carbon black meeting the environmental protection requirement from raw materials to finished products.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without inventive labor.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of an apparatus for producing carbon black using biodiesel;
in the drawings, the components represented by the respective reference numerals are listed below:
1-oil tank 2-oil cooler 3-filter 4-heater 5-oil pump 6-tubular heating furnace 7-double screw pump 8-evaporation tower 9-condenser 10-gasification tower 11-storage tank 12-oil drum 13-firebox.
Detailed Description
In order to clearly illustrate the technical features of the present solution, the present solution is explained below by way of specific embodiments.
Example 1
A device for producing carbon black by utilizing biodiesel is characterized in that: the device comprises a tubular heating furnace 6, an evaporative cooling device, a gasification recovery device and a firebox 13, wherein the evaporative cooling device comprises an evaporation tower 8 and a condenser 9, the condenser 9 is arranged at an outlet at the upper end of the evaporation tower 8, the gasification recovery device comprises a gasification tower 10 and a storage tank 11 for storing un-gasified heavy oil, the storage tank 11 is connected with the bottom of the evaporation tower 10, the tubular heating furnace 6 is divided into a convection section at the front half section and a radiation section at the rear half section, an outlet of the convection section is connected with the middle part of the evaporation tower 8, an outlet of the condenser 9 is connected with an inlet of the radiation section, and an outlet of the radiation section is connected with the gasification; the upper end outlet of the gasification tower 10 is connected with a firebox 13.
Because the biodiesel has low density and high light fraction content, when entering the carbon black reaction furnace, the high temperature of approximately 2000 ℃ causes the raw oil to be completely combusted, the yield of the carbon black is extremely low, and no economic benefit exists, therefore, the conventional oil furnace method process can not be used for producing the carbon black by using the biodiesel, the tubular heating furnace 6 is used, the tubular heating furnace 6 is divided into a convection section and a radiation section, the temperature of a furnace tube of the convection section of the tubular heating furnace 6 is controlled at 160 ℃ by a thermocouple and an automatic control device, the biodiesel reaches the specified temperature by conduction heat transfer, water is evaporated after the biodiesel reaches an evaporation tower 8, after oil-water separation, the water is discharged, the oil separated from the bottom of the tower enters the radiation section of the tubular heating furnace 6 to be heated to 430 ℃ and enters the gasification tower 10, natural gas enters the gasification tower 10 after being heated to 530 ℃ by the heater 4, and the oil gas becomes an oil-gas mixture when the gasification tower, the oil-gas mixture in the state enters a combustion chamber to be incompletely combusted at the high temperature of 1200 ℃ to generate the carbon black, the reaction temperature is greatly reduced compared with the conventional oil furnace process, and the carbon black yield is normal.
Example 2
A device for producing carbon black by utilizing biodiesel is characterized in that: the device comprises a tubular heating furnace 6, an evaporative cooling device, a gasification recovery device and a firebox 13, wherein the evaporative cooling device comprises an evaporation tower 8 and a condenser 9, the condenser 9 is arranged at an outlet at the upper end of the evaporation tower 8, the gasification recovery device comprises a gasification tower 10 and a storage tank 11 for storing un-gasified heavy oil, the storage tank 11 is connected with the bottom of the evaporation tower 10, the tubular heating furnace 6 is divided into a convection section at the front half section and a radiation section at the rear half section, an outlet of the convection section is connected with the middle part of the evaporation tower 8, an outlet of the condenser 9 is connected with an inlet of the radiation section, and an outlet of the radiation section is connected with the gasification; the upper end outlet of the gasification tower 10 is connected with a firebox 13.
Firstly, an oil pump at the bottom of an oil tank is started to enable oil to slowly flow into a convection section of the tube furnace, a natural gas combustion furnace is ignited to heat a radiation section of the tube furnace, after the temperature of the radiation section reaches 430 ℃, the flow of the oil is adjusted to enable the tube furnace to be filled with biodiesel, and meanwhile, natural gas at the other end enters a system.
Biodiesel cooled by the oil cooler 2 is filtered by an oil tank 1 through a filter 3 and is sent to a convection section of a tubular heating furnace 6 through an oil pump 5, the temperature of a furnace tube of the convection section of the tubular heating furnace 6 is controlled at 160 ℃ through a thermocouple and an automatic control device, the biodiesel reaches a specified temperature through conduction heat transfer, then water is evaporated by an evaporation tower 8, the oil falls into the bottom of the tower, water vapor coming out of the evaporation tower 8 enters a condenser 9, the temperature is reduced through indirect condensed water, the steam is condensed into water, a small part of oil taken away by the water vapor belongs to light fraction grease, the density is lower than that of the water, the solid floats on the surface of condensed water after the temperature is reduced, the oil separated from the bottom of the tower is sent to a radiation section of the tubular heating furnace 6 through a double-screw pump 7 after the water is periodically discharged, the radiation section of the tubular heating furnace 6 is heated through combustion of natural gas, then the heated biodiesel is transferred by conduction heat transfer and convection heat transfer to ensure that the temperature of the radiation section reaches 430 ℃, the radiation section is conveyed to a gasification tower 10 for gasification, and the non-gasified heavy oil is put into a storage tank 11 from the bottom of the gasification tower and then put into an oil drum 12 for recovery.
Synchronously, natural gas is heated to 530 ℃ by a gas-carrying heater 4 and then enters a gasification tower 10 to be conveyed to a firebox 13 together with gasification gas of biodiesel through a gas mixing main pipe, 8064 nozzles are arranged in each firebox 13, the aperture of each nozzle is 1.0mm, the mixed gas is sprayed and combusted through the nozzles to generate carbon black through incomplete combustion reaction, each nozzle can generate 35 g of carbon black per hour, the number of the fireboxes 13 is 4, the production capacity of the carbon black is 1.12 tons/hour, and the device can produce more than 8000 tons of environment-friendly high-purity carbon black annually.
Claims (8)
1. A device and a method for producing carbon black by using biodiesel are characterized by comprising a heating furnace, an evaporation cooling device, a gasification recovery device and a fire house, wherein the evaporation cooling device comprises an evaporation tower and a condenser, the condenser is arranged at an outlet at the upper end of the evaporation tower, the gasification recovery device comprises a gasification tower and a storage tank for storing unvaporized heavy oil, the storage tank is connected with the bottom of the evaporation tower, the heating furnace is divided into a convection section at the front half section and a radiation section at the rear half section, an outlet of the convection section is connected with the middle part of the evaporation tower, an outlet of the condenser is connected with an inlet of the radiation section, and an outlet of the radiation section is connected with the evaporation tower; the outlet at the upper end of the vaporization tower is connected with the firebox.
2. The apparatus for producing carbon black by using biodiesel according to claim 1, wherein: the heating furnace is connected with the oil tank, and an oil cooler for cooling the biodiesel is arranged above the oil tank.
3. The apparatus for producing carbon black by using biodiesel according to claim 1, wherein: a filter is arranged next to the oil tank and is arranged in front of the inlet of the convection section of the heating furnace.
4. The apparatus for producing carbon black by using biodiesel according to claim 1, wherein: the heating furnace is a pipeline type heating furnace.
5. The apparatus for producing carbon black by using biodiesel according to claim 1, wherein: the double screw pump is positioned at the joint of the condensed gas outlet and the inlet of the radiation section of the heating furnace.
6. The apparatus for producing carbon black by using biodiesel according to claim 4, wherein: an oil drum is arranged under the storage tank.
7. The apparatus for producing carbon black by using biodiesel according to claim 1, wherein: the fire house has 4 seats, and 8064 fire nozzles are arranged in each fire house.
8. A method for producing carbon black by using biodiesel comprises the following steps:
(1) a heating stage: the biodiesel enters a convection section of the tubular furnace, the temperature of the furnace tube is controlled at 160 ℃ by a thermocouple and an automatic control device, and the biodiesel reaches the specified temperature of 155-165 ℃ by conduction heat transfer.
(2) And (3) evaporation and condensation stage: the evaporation tower evaporates water, the evaporation temperature of the evaporation tower is 160 ℃, the evaporated water vapor reaches the condenser and is cooled by indirect condensed water, and the condensation temperature is normal temperature.
(3) A radiation section heating stage: when the temperature of the radiation section reaches 430 ℃, the temperature is kept constant by regulating and controlling the gas flow, so that the oil separated from the bottom of the evaporation tower enters the radiation section of the heating furnace and is heated to 430 ℃.
(4) A vaporization stage; heating natural gas to 530 ℃ by a heater, then feeding the natural gas into a gasification tower,
(5) and (3) a combustion stage: after the oil and the gas are mixed, the carbon black can be generated by incomplete combustion in a high-temperature firebox at 1200 ℃.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910760328.6A CN112391067A (en) | 2019-08-16 | 2019-08-16 | Device and method for producing carbon black by using biodiesel |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910760328.6A CN112391067A (en) | 2019-08-16 | 2019-08-16 | Device and method for producing carbon black by using biodiesel |
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| CN201910760328.6A Pending CN112391067A (en) | 2019-08-16 | 2019-08-16 | Device and method for producing carbon black by using biodiesel |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
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| CN108352493A (en) * | 2015-09-14 | 2018-07-31 | 巨石材料公司 | Carbon black is manufactured by natural gas |
| CN210419827U (en) * | 2019-08-16 | 2020-04-28 | 东营贝斯特化工科技有限公司 | Device for producing carbon black by using biodiesel |
-
2019
- 2019-08-16 CN CN201910760328.6A patent/CN112391067A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101955694A (en) * | 2010-08-23 | 2011-01-26 | 山东知本原特种炭黑有限公司 | Oxygen-controlling gas-mixing method for producing acid carbon black |
| CN201883055U (en) * | 2010-11-26 | 2011-06-29 | 上海焦化化工发展商社 | Carrier fuel gas preheating device of gas-mixed method black carbon production equipment |
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| CN210419827U (en) * | 2019-08-16 | 2020-04-28 | 东营贝斯特化工科技有限公司 | Device for producing carbon black by using biodiesel |
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Application publication date: 20210223 |