CN112390367A - Ecological regulation and control method for controlling blue-green algae outbreak in eutrophic water body - Google Patents
Ecological regulation and control method for controlling blue-green algae outbreak in eutrophic water body Download PDFInfo
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- CN112390367A CN112390367A CN202011063907.4A CN202011063907A CN112390367A CN 112390367 A CN112390367 A CN 112390367A CN 202011063907 A CN202011063907 A CN 202011063907A CN 112390367 A CN112390367 A CN 112390367A
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
- C02F3/322—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae use of algae
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F3/006—Regulation methods for biological treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/007—Contaminated open waterways, rivers, lakes or ponds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F2305/06—Nutrients for stimulating the growth of microorganisms
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ecological regulation and control method for controlling blue-green algae outbreak in eutrophic water, which comprises the following steps: 1) monitoring the content of total nitrogen, total phosphorus and soluble silicon in the water body, and selecting the water body with high risk of cyanobacterial bloom outbreak; 2) in spring for 2-5 months, adding sodium metasilicate aqueous solution aiming at the target water body to ensure that the content of metasilicic acid in the target water body is more than 11.70 mg/L; 3) collecting and identifying blue algae once a month in 7-10 months in summer, and if the density of the blue algae is reduced to be below a water bloom standard and the blue algae water bloom does not burst, judging that the primary control of the blue algae is successful; if the blue algae control is unsuccessful, continuing to add the sodium metasilicate aqueous solution; 4) and in autumn for 10-12 months, adding a sodium metasilicate aqueous solution to the target water body until the diatoms become the dominant algae in the water body. Compared with the existing blue algae control method, the method for ecologically removing the diatom proliferation control method by using soluble silicon has innovativeness and better effect. And no chemicals are used, the environment is not polluted, and the method is safe and reliable and can be used for a long time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection, in particular to an ecological regulation and control method for controlling blue-green algae outbreak in eutrophic water. It is suitable for ecological control of blue algae bloom outburst water body in ponds, lakes, rivers and reservoirs of cities, villages and towns or tourist attractions.
Background
In recent years, due to the rapid development of social economy, the strength of artificially improving nature is increased, the problem of eutrophication of lakes and other water bodies in China is becoming more and more serious, so that industrial, agricultural and domestic water in coastal areas of many lakes and other water bodies is difficult, and the economic development and social stability are seriously influenced. At present, more than 90 percent of urban water areas in China are seriously polluted, most rivers and lakes belong to IV, V and poor V water quality, and the water environment situation is severe.
Eutrophication is a phenomenon describing water environment deterioration caused by abnormal proliferation of some phytoplankton due to overnutrition in a water body, and originally means a natural phenomenon which is irreversible for a long time in an ecological evolution process, but at present, the phenomenon that the water body deterioration is caused by large abnormal proliferation of algae due to abnormal increase of nitrogen and phosphorus in lakes caused by human activities is generally referred to. Wherein the water bloom (Algal Blooms) is a typical characteristic of lake eutrophication (standard threshold of water bloom: chlorophyll a concentration in water is more than or equal to 10 μ g/L or algae cells reach 1.5 × 10)7cell/L) and the outbreak and the propagation of the algae make the water surface show abnormal water color such as green, red, brown and the like. The species of freshwater phytoplankton which cause algal blooms are generally: cyanobacterial bloom is representative, such as cyanobacterial (Cyanophyta), dinoflagellate (Pyrrophyta), diatom (Bacillariophyta), chlorella (Chlorophyta), and Euglenophyta.
Blue algae is a common thermophilic algae, the water bloom is usually outbreak in summer and autumn when the water temperature is higher and the water body has rich nutrients (mainly nitrogen and phosphorus) to form the water bloom, and the water bloom is commonly seen as Microcystis (Microcystis), anabaena (anabaena), Chroococcus (Chroococcus), Oscillatoria (Oscillatoria), Phormidium (Phormidium) and the like. The cyanobacterial bloom is mainly generated in lakes, thick green indigotin is often formed on the water surface, and is accumulated in large quantities even on the bank, and smelly odor is emitted, so that the cyanobacterial bloom not only destroys the water ecosystem, but also releases algal toxins, which greatly threatens the safety of animal and human drinking water, and the season of massive cyanobacterial propagation is not finished until the coming of autumn and winter. Along with the aggravation of lake eutrophication, the frequency of blue algae bloom is also obviously increased, and the harm to water environment and the biological safety of the blue algae bloom cause wide attention of people.
Many strategies have been developed for the control of cyanobacterial bloom, summarized as follows:
(1) and (4) a physical control method. The density of the blue algae is diluted and the environmental damage is reduced by injecting water with lower relative nutrition level into small and medium-sized water bodies such as relatively closed lakes and the like which burst the blue algae bloom. However, the method is applicable to small and medium-sized water bodies with a small range, and the effect is limited by a plurality of factors.
(2) Chemical control method. When the cyanobacteria bloom is outbreaked, a chlorine-containing preparation, copper sulfate, copper complex and other copper preparations are added manually or mechanically to kill the cyanobacteria and salvage the residues of the cyanobacteria out of the water body. Although the method has obvious effect, other aquatic organisms can be killed, and the method is not beneficial to the water environment.
(3) A biological control method. The method is wide in application and good in effect at present. The abundance of large zooplankton is indirectly increased by classical biological manipulation (i.e. by increasing predatory fish in a body of water to reduce filter-feeding fish species. In addition, there is a biological manipulation model called non-classical biological manipulation (non-classical biological manipulation) for increasing silver carp and bighead carp filter feeding fish and reducing grazing fish to directly graze cyanobacterial bloom. In addition, methods such as throwing snails and clams to filter and feed blue-green algae, throwing zooplankton to feed blue-green algae, utilizing submerged plant communities to inhibit the ecological niche of the blue-green algae, throwing effective microorganisms to inhibit the growth of the blue-green algae and the like are also provided. These methods have certain effects, but the corresponding effects of the biological control method are different due to large investment, more interference factors and the complexity of the water ecosystem.
In general, the method has obvious effect on preventing and controlling water eutrophication and plays an important role in controlling the blue algae. However, the prevention and control of cyanobacterial bloom is still a worldwide problem, and a control method with obvious effect, low investment, convenient control and repeatability is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides an ecological regulation and control method for controlling the blue algae outbreak in the eutrophic water body, which has obvious effect and small investment.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
an ecological regulation and control method for controlling the blue algae outbreak in eutrophic water comprises the following steps:
1) monitoring the content of total nitrogen, total phosphorus and soluble silicon in the water body, and selecting the water body with high risk of cyanobacterial bloom outbreak;
2) in spring for 2-5 months, adding sodium metasilicate aqueous solution aiming at the target water body to ensure that the content of metasilicic acid in the target water body is more than 11.70 mg/L;
3) collecting and identifying blue algae once a month in 7-10 months in summer, and if the density of the blue algae is reduced to be below a water bloom standard and the blue algae water bloom does not burst, judging that the primary control of the blue algae is successful; if the blue algae control is unsuccessful, continuing to add the sodium metasilicate aqueous solution;
4) and in autumn for 10-12 months, adding a sodium metasilicate aqueous solution aiming at the target water body, and ensuring that the content of metasilicic acid in the target water body is more than 11.70mg/L until the diatom becomes dominant algae in the water body.
Preferably, after step 4) is further included, steps 1) to 4) are continued from the next year until the algae regulation target is finally achieved.
Preferably, in the step 1), the total nitrogen content in the water body with high risk of the bloom of cyanobacteria is more than or equal to 0.80mg/L, the total phosphorus content is more than or equal to 0.20mg/L and the soluble silicon content is less than or equal to 11.70 mg/L.
Preferably, the sodium metasilicate aqueous solution added in step 2) and step 4) is formed by dissolving sodium metasilicate in water with 3 times of mass, and the water is taken from a target water body.
Preferably, the aqueous sodium metasilicate solution is periodically replenished in step 2) and step 4).
The method comprises the steps of selecting spring and autumn two seasons in which diatoms can be propagated in large quantity, adding soluble sodium silicate into eutrophic water, enabling nitrogen, phosphorus and silicon in the eutrophic water to be suitable for large-quantity growth of the diatoms, consuming excessive nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient substances in the water through large-quantity growth of the diatoms, enabling the blue-green algae not to obtain nitrogen and phosphorus for explosive growth, enabling the water environment not to provide a suitable habitat for the blue-green algae, and indirectly realizing control over the blue-green algae by 'restraining the algae with algae', wherein the ecological control method is suitable for ecological control over the density of the blue-green algae in ponds, lakes and rivers threatened by eutrophication in cities and towns.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the price is low, the method is simple, and the long-acting use work foundation is achieved;
2. compared with the existing blue algae control method, the ecological removal method of the diatom proliferation control method by using soluble silicon has innovativeness and better effect;
3. no use of chemicals, no environmental pollution, safety and reliability, and long-term use;
4. the application range is wide, and the method can be applied to ponds, lakes, landscape water bodies, reservoirs and the like without the limitation of water areas.
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the following detailed description of the present invention is provided in connection with specific embodiments.
The invention provides an ecological regulation and control method for controlling blue algae outbreak in eutrophic water, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, determining a target water body. Aiming at a target water area needing to control the cyanobacterial bloom, carrying out water quality monitoring, and determining that the cyanobacterial bloom outbreak risk of the water body is high when the total nitrogen content is more than or equal to 0.80mg/L, the total phosphorus content is more than or equal to 0.20mg/L and the soluble silicon content is less than or equal to 11.70 mg/L.
And 2, selecting seasons. Selecting the proper growing seasons of the diatom, namely spring (2-5 months) and autumn (10-12 months), and sampling and detecting the diatom in the target water body.
And 3, spring regulation. In spring for 2-5 months, adding sodium metasilicate aqueous solution to the target water body through a water pump by a ship aiming at the target water body, and dissolving sodium metasilicate (Na) by using water in the target water body2SiO3.5H2O) (the proportion is 1:3), the content of metasilicic acid in the target water body is more than 11.70mg/L, the rapid propagation of diatom is promoted, the diatom becomes dominant algae, nitrogen and phosphorus in the water body are consumed by the diatom, and the sodium metasilicate aqueous solution is supplemented regularly according to the consumption condition (generally, the sodium metasilicate aqueous solution is supplemented once every 5 days). If the density of the diatom is close to the water bloom threshold standard (0.5x 10)6cells/L), the feeding of the sodium metasilicate aqueous solution should be stopped.
And 4, controlling the target. And in 6 months, the nitrogen content of the water body is less than or equal to 1.0mg/L, the phosphorus content of the water body is less than or equal to 0.10mg/L, and the nitrogen and phosphorus contents are considered to be in a safe range, so that the blue algae can normally grow, but the outbreak risk of the bloom is small.
And 5, monitoring blue algae. Sampling (qualitative and quantitative) the blue algae once a month in 7-10 months, and if the density of the blue algae is reduced below the water bloom threshold standard and the blue algae water bloom does not burst, judging that the primary control of the density of the blue algae is successful; if the blue algae control is unsuccessful, continuing to add the sodium metasilicate aqueous solution.
And 6, regulating and controlling in autumn. And (3) after the algae enter autumn (10-12 months), carrying out autumn regulation and control, gradually reducing the density of the blue algae and gradually increasing the density of the diatoms along with the reduction of the water temperature, and repeating the step (3) until the diatoms become the dominant algae in the water body.
And 7, spring regulation and control in the vertical year. And (3) repeating the steps (2), (3), (4), (5) and (6) from the next year after the regulation work in spring and autumn in the current year is finished, and if the density of the blue algae in the water body is continuously reduced in summer in the next year and the water bloom phenomenon does not break out any more, determining that the blue algae water bloom control of the target water body is primarily successful. If the density of the blue algae water body is still high, the sodium metasilicate aqueous solution is continuously added. The adding time is not controlled by years, and the final goal is that the diatom in the water body becomes dominant algae of the water body and the cyanobacterial bloom does not burst basically all the year round.
The above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims. Various modifications and equivalents may be made by those skilled in the art within the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such modifications and equivalents should also be considered as falling within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. An ecological regulation and control method for controlling blue algae outbreak in eutrophic water is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) monitoring the content of total nitrogen, total phosphorus and soluble silicon in the water body, and selecting the water body with high risk of cyanobacterial bloom outbreak;
2) in spring for 2-5 months, adding sodium metasilicate aqueous solution aiming at the target water body to ensure that the content of metasilicic acid in the target water body is more than 11.70 mg/L;
3) collecting and identifying blue algae once a month in 7-10 months in summer, and if the density of the blue algae is reduced to be below a water bloom standard and the blue algae water bloom does not burst, judging that the primary control of the blue algae is successful; if the blue algae control is unsuccessful, continuing to add the sodium metasilicate aqueous solution;
4) and in autumn for 10-12 months, adding a sodium metasilicate aqueous solution aiming at the target water body, and ensuring that the content of metasilicic acid in the target water body is more than 11.70mg/L until the diatom becomes dominant algae in the water body.
2. The ecological regulatory method for controlling the outbreak of blue algae in an eutrophic water body according to claim 1, further comprising, after step 4), continuing steps 1) to 4) from the next year until the algae regulatory goal is finally achieved.
3. The ecological regulation and control method for controlling the blue-green algae outbreak in the eutrophic water body as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 1), the total nitrogen content in the water body with high risk of blue-green algae bloom outbreak is more than or equal to 0.80mg/L, the total phosphorus content is more than or equal to 0.20mg/L and the soluble silicon content is less than or equal to 11.70 mg/L.
4. The ecological regulation and control method for controlling the blue-green algae outbreak in the eutrophic water body according to claim 1, wherein the sodium metasilicate aqueous solution added in the step 2) and the step 4) is formed by dissolving sodium metasilicate in water 3 times of the mass of the sodium metasilicate, and the water is taken from a target water body.
5. The ecological regulation and control method for controlling the blue-green algae outbreak in the eutrophic water body according to claim 1, wherein the sodium metasilicate aqueous solution is periodically supplemented in the step 2) and the step 4).
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116216874A (en) * | 2023-03-23 | 2023-06-06 | 重庆大学 | Water body restoration agent for controlling cyanobacteria bloom, preparation method and application |
| CN117562084A (en) * | 2023-11-17 | 2024-02-20 | 生态环境部南京环境科学研究所 | Preparation method and application of microbial composite microbial agent for inhibiting blue algae in water body |
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Patent Citations (3)
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| CN105585135A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-05-18 | 天津荣利生物科技发展有限公司 | Method for controlling cyanobacteria in aquaculture water |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116216874A (en) * | 2023-03-23 | 2023-06-06 | 重庆大学 | Water body restoration agent for controlling cyanobacteria bloom, preparation method and application |
| CN116216874B (en) * | 2023-03-23 | 2024-04-30 | 重庆大学 | Water body restoration agent for controlling cyanobacteria bloom, preparation method and application |
| CN117562084A (en) * | 2023-11-17 | 2024-02-20 | 生态环境部南京环境科学研究所 | Preparation method and application of microbial composite microbial agent for inhibiting blue algae in water body |
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