CN112382780B - Microbial fuel cell and use thereof - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a microbial fuel cell and its use, the microbial fuel cell comprising: an anode loaded with first microorganisms oxidizing organic matter; a cathode electrically connected to the anode and carrying a second microorganism that reduces uranyl ions and a catalyst that promotes the reduction of protons to hydrogen gas, the second microorganism utilizing hydrogen gas as an energy source; a proton exchange membrane separating the cathode and the anode. According to the invention, the first microorganism for oxidizing organic matters is loaded on the anode, the second microorganism for reducing uranyl ions is loaded on the cathode, and the catalyst for promoting proton reduction is loaded, so that the microbial fuel cell can be used for treating high-concentration uranium-containing wastewater while degrading the organic matters, and has a good treatment effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wastewater treatment, in particular to a microbial fuel cell and application thereof.
Background
The microbial fuel cell is used for converting chemical energy in organic matters into electric energy through microbial catalysis, and the principle is as follows: the microorganism is used as a catalyst to oxidize organic matters to generate electrons and protons, the electrons flow to the cathode through the anode and an external circuit to form current to generate electric energy, the protons are close to the cathode through a proton exchange membrane or a cation exchange membrane and are used as partial electron acceptors, and the partial electron acceptors are respectively reduced by the electrons to form water; some of the expensive contaminants may also be used as final electron acceptors to form contaminant-free materials by electron reduction. Therefore, microbial fuel cells are widely used in wastewater treatment and energy systems.
Patent application No. CN201920279491.6, the patent name "a microbial fuel cell for uranium-containing waste water treatment", record in, this microbial fuel cell uses lithium titanate/graphite alkene electrode bar as the positive pole, lithium iron phosphate/graphite alkene combined material electrode bar is the negative pole, the electric conductivity is strong, it is efficient to produce electricity, the anode chamber holds microorganism and its culture solution, the cathode chamber holds hexavalent uranium waste water, the toxic effect of hexavalent uranium to the microorganism has been avoided, no secondary pollution, need not provide the electric energy, energy-concerving and environment-protective, small investment, high efficiency.
However, the microbial fuel cell has a certain treatment effect on low-concentration uranium-containing wastewater, but has a poor treatment effect on high-concentration uranium-containing wastewater.
Therefore, it is necessary to develop a microbial fuel cell capable of treating uranium-containing wastewater with high concentration.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, it is an object of the present invention to provide a microbial fuel cell and use thereof, in which a first microorganism that oxidizes organic matter is supported on an anode, a second microorganism that reduces uranyl ions is supported on a cathode, and a catalyst that promotes proton reduction are supported, so that the microbial fuel cell of the present invention can degrade organic matter, can treat uranium-containing wastewater at a high concentration, and has a good treatment effect.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a first aspect of the present invention provides a microbial fuel cell comprising:
an anode loaded with first microorganisms oxidizing organic matter;
a cathode electrically connected to the anode and carrying a second microorganism that reduces uranyl ions and a catalyst that promotes the reduction of protons to hydrogen gas, the second microorganism utilizing hydrogen gas as an energy source;
a proton exchange membrane separating the cathode and the anode.
In some alternative embodiments of the invention, the first microorganism is an anaerobic microorganism.
In some alternative embodiments of the present invention, the anaerobic microorganism is selected from at least one of geobacter bacteria, shewanella bacteria, aeromonas bacteria, trichomonas bacteria, bacillus bacteria, and saccharomyces bacteria.
In some alternative embodiments of the invention, the second microorganism comprises sulfate-reducing bacteria.
In some alternative embodiments of the invention, the sulfate-reducing bacteria are selected from at least one of the genera Desulfovibrio, Desulfoenterobacter, Desulfomonas, Therdesulfobacter, Desulfophyllum, Desulfococcus, Desulfonematobacter, Desulfosarcina and Desulfobacter.
In some alternative embodiments of the invention, the second microorganism further comprises a denitrifying bacterium.
In some alternative embodiments of the invention, the catalyst comprises a metal catalyst.
In some alternative embodiments of the present invention, the metal catalyst is selected from at least one of nickel, copper, iron, cobalt, and tungsten.
In some alternative embodiments of the present invention, the cathode is coated on a surface thereof with a porous material having electrical conductivity, and the second microorganism is supported on the porous material.
In a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for treating high-concentration uranium-containing wastewater using the microbial fuel cell according to any one of the embodiments described above, wherein wastewater containing organic matter is contacted with the anode, and wastewater containing uranyl ions is contacted with the cathode.
The embodiment provided by the invention has at least the following advantages:
1) according to the microbial fuel cell provided by the invention, organic matters are degraded through a first microbe loaded on an anode, electrons and protons are released, and electric current is formed through the directional flow of the electrons to generate electric energy; the second microorganism loaded on the cathode can reduce uranyl ions, and the catalyst can reduce protons to hydrogen to promote the growth of the second microorganism, so that the microbial fuel cell can treat wastewater containing organic matters and high-concentration uranium-containing wastewater, and has a good treatment effect on the wastewater containing the organic matters and the high-concentration uranium-containing wastewater.
2) According to the method for treating the high-concentration uranium-containing wastewater, the microbial fuel cell is used, so that the method can be used for treating the wastewater containing organic matters and the high-concentration uranium-containing wastewater simultaneously, and has a good treatment effect.
In addition to the technical problems solved by the present invention, the technical features constituting the technical solutions, and the advantageous effects brought by the technical features of the technical solutions described above, other technical problems solved by the microbial fuel cell and the use thereof provided by the present invention, other technical features included in the technical solutions, and advantageous effects brought by the technical features will be described in further detail in the detailed description.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a microbial fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention and a reaction principle thereof;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the change over time of the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) of the microbial fuel cells provided in examples 1 to 7 of the present invention and comparative examples 1 to 3;
fig. 3 is a graph showing the power density of the microbial fuel cells according to example 1 of the present invention and comparative example 1 as a function of the current density.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The following provides definitions of some of the terms used herein. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs.
As used herein, "microorganism" refers to any microscopic organism, which may be a unicellular or multicellular organism. The term is generally used to refer to any prokaryotic or eukaryotic microscopic organism capable of growing and propagating in a suitable medium, including but not limited to one or more of bacteria. Microorganisms encompassed by the scope of the present invention include prokaryotes, i.e., bacteria and archaea.
As used herein, "dissimilatory reduction" refers to the reduction of a substance that acts as a terminal electron acceptor in an electron transport chain. Dissimilatory and anabolic reductions differ from the latter involving the reduction of substances during the intake of nutrients.
The present invention first provides a microbial fuel cell comprising:
an anode loaded with first microorganisms oxidizing organic matter;
a cathode electrically connected to the anode, the cathode carrying a second microorganism that reduces uranyl ions and a catalyst that promotes reduction of protons to hydrogen gas, the second microorganism using the hydrogen gas as an energy source;
and a proton exchange membrane for separating the cathode from the anode.
As described above, the microbial fuel cell provided by the present invention is a dual-chamber fuel cell, that is, a chamber in which the anode is located is an anode chamber, and a chamber in which the cathode is located is a cathode chamber. Where the anode may be loaded with first microorganisms that oxidize organic matter, it is understood that the anode may comprise any anode known to those skilled in the art for use in microbial fuel cells, and the anode may comprise any material that is compatible with the first microorganisms, where compatible is indicated to mean that the anode material does not have any effect on the first microorganisms oxidizing organic matter and loading.
Further, in the microbial fuel cell provided by the present invention, the anode is made of a conductive material, but there is no particular limitation to the conductive material.
In some alternative embodiments of the present invention, the conductive material comprising the anode may be selected from conductive metals or non-metals. By way of example, the conductive metal may be, but is not limited to, titanium, copper, aluminum, stainless steel, and nickel.
In some embodiments of the invention, the conductive material comprising the anode is selected from titanium.
Illustratively, the electrically conductive non-metal is a carbon material, such as graphite, graphite oxide, graphene, carbon nanotubes, and the like.
In some alternative embodiments of the present invention, the conductive material forming the anode is composed of a conductive metal layer and a conductive non-metal layer, and the non-metal layer is coated on the metal layer, so that not only the conductive performance of the anode can be enhanced, but also the surface area of the anode can be enhanced, a large amount of first microorganisms can be loaded on the surface area, and a sufficiently large contact area can be provided for the first microorganisms and the wastewater containing organic matters, so that the treatment effect of the organic matters can be improved, and the electricity generation efficiency can also be improved. As the coating means, any coating means known to those skilled in the art may be used. For example, the anode of the present invention can be obtained by mixing the material of the non-metal layer with the binder, uniformly coating the mixture on the surface of the metal layer, and drying the mixture.
Further, the surface area of the anode is usually 0.05m 2 More than g. In order to obviously improve the degradation effect and the electric energy of the organic matters, the surface area of the anode is 1-10m 2 In particular, the surface area of the anode may be, but is not limited to, 1m 2 /g、2m 2 /g、3m 2 /g、4m 2 /g、5m 2 /g、6m 2 /g、7m 2 /g、8m 2 /g、9m 2 G and 10m 2 /g。
The first microorganism supported by the anode is used for catalytically oxidizing the organic matter, so that the organic matter releases electrons and protons, and electric current is generated through the directional movement of the electrons, and therefore, the first microorganism can also be called as an electrogenic bacterium. The biocatalytic activity of the electricity generating bacteria plays a crucial role in the electricity generating efficiency of the microbial fuel cell, so the invention optimizes the types of the electricity generating bacteria properly.
In some alternative embodiments of the invention, the electricity-producing bacteria are preferably anaerobic. For example, the anaerobic electrogenic bacteria may be at least one selected from the group consisting of geobacillus bacteria, shewanella bacteria, aeromonas bacteria, trichomonas bacteria, bacillus bacteria, and saccharomyces bacteria.
In the microbial fuel cell provided by the invention, the cathode is made of a conductive material, and the conductive material can be selected from conductive metal or nonmetal. By way of example, the conductive metal may be, but is not limited to, titanium, copper, aluminum, stainless steel, and nickel. The conductive non-metal can be, but is not limited to, carbon nanotubes, graphite, graphene. In some embodiments of the invention, the conductive material of the cathode is selected from graphite.
The electrogenic bacteria catalyze and oxidize organic matters, and released electrons are transferred to the cathode through the anode and an external circuit, enter the cathode chamber through the cathode and are combined with an electron acceptor. In order to treat the organic wastewater and high-concentration uranium-containing wastewater, the cathode is loaded with a second microorganism for reducing uranyl ions and a catalyst for promoting proton reduction to hydrogen. The second microorganism is capable of reducing uranyl ions to sparingly soluble UO 2 The precipitate is then removed.
In some alternative embodiments of the invention, the second microorganism comprises sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB). The sulfate reducing bacteria can not only convert uranyl ions (UO) 2 2+ ) Reduction to UO 2 And moreover, sulfate radicals in the high-concentration uranium-containing wastewater can be dissimilatorily reduced into hydrogen sulfide, and the hydrogen sulfide reacts with other metal ions in the wastewater to form sulfide precipitates, so that the sulfide precipitates are removed. In addition, the first microbe supported on the anode catalyzes and oxidizes organic matters and releases electrons and protons, and the electrons sequentially flow through the anode and are electrically connected with an external power supplyThe channel and the cathode enter a cathode chamber to further promote the formation of UO from uranyl ions 2 (ii) a And protons enter the cathode chamber through the proton exchange membrane to form hydrogen under the anaerobic condition, and the hydrogen can promote the growth of sulfate reducing bacteria, so that the treatment effect on high-concentration uranium-containing wastewater is improved.
Further, the sulfate-reducing bacteria are at least one selected from the group consisting of genus Desulfurvibrio, genus Desulfoenterobacter, genus Desulfuromonas, genus Therdesulfobacter, genus Desulfofola, genus Desulfococcus, genus Desulfonematobacter, genus Desulfosarcina and genus Desulfobacter.
In addition, in some optional embodiments of the invention, the second microorganism further comprises denitrifying bacteria, and the denitrifying bacteria can reduce nitrate in the high-concentration uranium-containing wastewater to form ammonia and nitrogen, so as to promote precipitation of uranium.
In addition, the cathode may be loaded with a catalyst that promotes the reduction of protons to hydrogen. Further, the catalyst may comprise a metal catalyst, such as a noble metal. Suitable metal catalysts may be, but are not limited to, copper, nickel, iron, cobalt, tungsten, and other alloys, and may be, but are not limited to, bonded to the cathode by methods including electrodeposition, chemical reaction, and chemical precipitation.
In some alternative embodiments of the present invention, the catalyst may further comprise a carbon-based non-metal catalyst, such as graphene, carbon nanotubes, and the carbon-based non-metal catalyst may be uniformly coated on the surface of the cathode by means of coating.
In addition, in order to further enhance the conductive property of the cathode and the surface area of the cathode, a porous material having conductivity may be coated on the surface of the cathode, and the second microorganism may be supported on the porous material.
In some alternative embodiments of the invention, the porous material may be selected from iron powder or sponge iron.
The present invention provides a microbial fuel cell, which is not limited to a proton exchange membrane, and can be any proton exchange membrane known to those skilled in the art, such as Nafion series membrane of Dupont.
In a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for treating high-concentration uranium-containing wastewater using the microbial fuel cell according to any one of the above embodiments, wherein the wastewater containing organic substances is contacted with an anode in the microbial fuel cell, and the wastewater containing uranyl ions is contacted with a cathode in the microbial fuel cell.
The technical scheme of the invention is described in detail by the following examples and comparative examples, and unless otherwise specified, the chemical materials and instruments used in the following examples and comparative examples are all conventional chemical materials and conventional instruments, and are all commercially available.
Example 1
The present embodiment provides a microbial fuel cell, including: an anode made of titanium mesh, a Nafion 117 proton exchange membrane and a cathode made of graphite, wherein the surface area of the anode is 1m 2 G, and inoculating geobacillus bacteria on the anode; a layer of metal nickel layer is coated on the cathode, and the desulfurization vibrio is inoculated on the metal nickel layer.
The wastewater with the COD content of 1500mg/L flows into the anode chamber and contains about 25mg/L of U (VI) O 2 2+ About 20mg/L of SO 4 2- About 10mg/L NO 3 - The wastewater flows into a cathode chamber, 1000 omega is connected between a cathode and an anode, and samples in the anode chamber and the cathode chamber are collected every 5 hours for testing after the microbial fuel cell is started.
Example 2
The present embodiment provides a microbial fuel cell, including: an anode made of titanium mesh, a Nafion 117 proton exchange membrane and a cathode made of graphite, wherein the surface area of the anode is 3m 2 And/g, the anode is inoculated with Shewanella bacteria, the cathode is coated with a metal copper layer, and the metal copper layer is inoculated with the vibrio desulfovibrio.
The wastewater with the COD content of 1500mg/L flows into the anode chamber and contains about 25mg/L of U (VI) O 2 2+ About 20mg/L of SO 4 2- About 10mg/L of NO 3 - The waste water flows into the cathode chamber, and the cathodeAnd 1000 omega is connected between the anode and the cathode, and samples in the anode chamber and the cathode chamber are collected every 5 hours for testing after the microbial fuel cell is started.
Example 3
The present embodiment provides a microbial fuel cell, including: an anode made of graphite, a Nafion 117 proton exchange membrane and a cathode made of graphite, wherein the surface area of the anode is 5m 2 And/g, inoculating Aeromonas bacteria on the anode, coating a metal cobalt layer on the cathode, and inoculating desulfovibrio on the metal cobalt layer.
The wastewater with the COD content of 1500mg/L flows into the anode chamber and contains about 25mg/L of U (VI) O 2 2+ About 20mg/L of SO 4 2- About 10mg/L NO 3 - The wastewater flows into a cathode chamber, 1000 omega is connected between a cathode and an anode, and samples in the anode chamber and the cathode chamber are collected every 5 hours for testing after the microbial fuel cell is started.
Example 4
The present embodiment provides a microbial fuel cell, including: an anode made of graphite, a Nafion 117 proton exchange membrane and a cathode made of graphite, wherein the surface area of the anode is 10m 2 And/g, inoculating Aeromonas bacteria on the anode, coating a metal cobalt layer on the cathode, and inoculating desulfurization vibrio on the metal cobalt layer.
The wastewater with the COD content of 1500mg/L flows into the anode chamber and contains about 25mg/L of U (VI) O 2 2+ About 20mg/L of SO 4 2- About 10mg/L of NO 3 - The wastewater flows into a cathode chamber, 1000 omega is connected between a cathode and an anode, and samples in the anode chamber and the cathode chamber are collected every 5 hours for testing after the microbial fuel cell is started.
Example 5
The present embodiment provides a microbial fuel cell, including: an anode made of titanium mesh, a Nafion 117 proton exchange membrane and a cathode made of graphite, wherein the surface area of the anode is 1m 2 Per g, andthe anode is inoculated with Aeromonas bacteria and Geobacillus bacteria, the cathode is coated with a metallic nickel layer, and the metallic nickel layer is inoculated with the desulfurization vibrio.
The wastewater with the COD content of 1500mg/L flows into the anode chamber and contains about 25mg/L of U (VI) O 2 2+ About 20mg/L of SO 4 2- About 10mg/L of NO 3 - The wastewater flows into a cathode chamber, 1000 omega is connected between a cathode and an anode, and samples in the anode chamber and the cathode chamber are collected every 5 hours for testing after the microbial fuel cell is started.
Example 6
The present embodiment provides a microbial fuel cell, including: an anode made of titanium mesh, a Nafion 117 proton exchange membrane and a cathode made of graphite, wherein the surface area of the anode is 1m 2 And/g, inoculating Aeromonas bacteria and Bacillus bacteria on the anode, coating a metal nickel layer on the cathode, and inoculating the desulfurization vibrio on the metal nickel layer.
The wastewater with the COD content of 1500mg/L flows into the anode chamber and contains about 25mg/L of U (VI) O 2 2+ About 20mg/L of SO 4 2- About 10mg/L NO 3 - The wastewater flows into a cathode chamber, 1000 omega is connected between a cathode and an anode, and samples in the anode chamber and the cathode chamber are collected every 5 hours for testing after the microbial fuel cell is started.
Example 7
The present embodiment provides a microbial fuel cell, including: an anode made of titanium mesh, a Nafion 117 proton exchange membrane and a cathode made of graphite, wherein the surface area of the anode is 1m 2 And/g, inoculating Aeromonas bacteria and Bacillus bacteria on the anode, coating a metallic nickel layer on the cathode, and inoculating desulfurization vibrio and denitrifying bacteria on the metallic nickel layer.
The wastewater with the COD content of 1500mg/L flows into the anode chamber and contains about 25mg/L of U (VI) O 2 2+ About 20mg/L SO 4 2- About 10mg/L of NO 3 - The wastewater flows into a cathode chamber, 1000 omega is connected between a cathode and an anode, and samples in the anode chamber and the cathode chamber are collected every 5 hours for testing after the microbial fuel cell is started.
Comparative example 1
The present comparative example provides a microbial fuel cell including: an anode made of titanium mesh, a Nafion 117 proton exchange membrane and a cathode made of graphite, wherein the surface area of the anode is 1m 2 (ii)/g; a layer of metal nickel layer is coated on the cathode, and the desulfurization vibrio is inoculated on the metal nickel layer.
The wastewater with the COD content of 1500mg/L flows into the anode chamber and contains about 25mg/L of U (VI) O 2 2+ About 20mg/L of SO 4 2- About 10mg/L of NO 3 - The wastewater flows into a cathode chamber, 1000 omega is connected between a cathode and an anode, and samples in the anode chamber and the cathode chamber are collected every 5 hours for testing after the microbial fuel cell is started.
Comparative example 2
The present comparative example provides a microbial fuel cell including: an anode made of titanium mesh, a Nafion 117 proton exchange membrane and a cathode made of graphite, wherein the surface area of the anode is 1m 2 (iv)/g, and inoculating bacteria of the genus Geobacillus on the anode; a metallic nickel layer is coated on the cathode.
The wastewater with the COD content of 1500mg/L flows into the anode chamber and contains about 25mg/L of U (VI) O 2 2+ About 20mg/L of SO 4 2- About 10mg/L NO 3 - The wastewater flows into a cathode chamber, 1000 omega is connected between a cathode and an anode, and samples in the anode chamber and the cathode chamber are collected every 5 hours for testing after the microbial fuel cell is started.
Comparative example 3
The present comparative example provides a microbial fuel cell including: an anode made of titanium mesh, a Nafion 117 proton exchange membrane and a cathode made of graphite, wherein the surface area of the anode is 1m 2 (iv)/g, and inoculating bacteria of the genus Geobacillus on the anode; on the cathodeInoculating desulfurization vibrio.
The wastewater with the COD content of 1500mg/L flows into the anode chamber and contains about 25mg/L of U (VI) O 2 2+ About 20mg/L of SO 4 2- About 10mg/L of NO 3 - The wastewater flows into a cathode chamber, 1000 omega is connected between a cathode and an anode, and samples in the anode chamber and the cathode chamber are collected every 5 hours for testing after the microbial fuel cell is started.
Electrochemical testing:
(1) COD and UO in wastewater 2 2+ 、SO 4 2- 、NO 3 - And (3) testing:
a microbial fuel cell was constructed using the anodes of examples 1 to 7 and comparative examples 1 to 3, and wastewater was treated by the microbial fuel cell, and the test results thereof are shown in fig. 2 and table 1.
As can be seen from FIG. 2, comparing the test results of examples 1 to 7 with the test results of comparative example 1, the first microorganism supported on the anode has a better degradation effect on the organic matter.
As can be seen from table 1, comparing the test results of examples 1 to 7 with those of comparative examples 2 to 3, the second microorganism supported on the cathode was able to reduce uranyl ions, precipitate them and remove them; moreover, the catalyst for promoting the reduction of protons to hydrogen is beneficial to the growth of the second microorganism, and is further beneficial to the second microorganism to treat the high-concentration uranium-containing wastewater.
TABLE 1
| UO 2 2+ Removal rate | SO 4 2- Removal rate | NO 3 - Removal rate | |
| Example 1 | 98.2 | 96.2 | 92.1 |
| Example 2 | 98.5 | 96.6 | 92.5 |
| Example 3 | 98.7 | 97.2 | 93.5 |
| Example 4 | 99.5 | 97.9 | 94.6 |
| Example 5 | 98.6 | 96.2 | 92.7 |
| Example 6 | 98.8 | 96.4 | 92.5 |
| Example 7 | 99.1 | 97.1 | 96.1 |
| Comparative example 1 | 65.2 | 80.2 | 75.2 |
| Comparative example 2 | 10.2 | 2.1 | 3.5 |
| Comparative example 3 | 75.2 | 73.2 | 65.1 |
(2) And (3) electricity generation test:
and (3) testing the electricity generation performance of the microbial fuel cell constructed by the anode and the cathode: and (3) measuring the polarization curve by adopting a rapid measuring method, namely changing the external resistor in a short time in one operation period and stabilizing, reducing the external resistor every 30min to 1000 omega, 500 omega, 300 omega, 200 omega, 100 omega, 50 omega, 30 omega, 20 omega, 10 omega, 5 omega and 2 omega in sequence, and recording the stable output voltage and anode potential under the resistance in real time. From the data, the current I ═ U/R and the current density I ═ I/a for each external resistance can be calculated, a is the cathode area, and finally the area power density P ═ Ui is calculated. Therefore, the area power density curve is plotted with the current density i as the abscissa and the area power density P as the ordinate. The power density curves plotted from the test are shown in fig. 3.
As can be seen from fig. 3, the microbial fuel cell provided by the present invention has better performance in power generation compared to comparative example 1 in example 1.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A microbial fuel cell, comprising:
an anode loaded with first microorganisms oxidizing organic matter;
a cathode electrically connected to the anode and carrying a second microorganism that reduces uranyl ions and a catalyst that promotes the reduction of protons to hydrogen gas, the second microorganism utilizing hydrogen gas as an energy source;
a proton exchange membrane for separating the cathode and the anode;
the second microorganism comprises sulfate reducing bacteria, and protons enter the cathode chamber through the proton exchange membrane to form hydrogen under the anaerobic condition.
2. The microbial fuel cell of claim 1, wherein the first microorganism is an anaerobic microorganism.
3. The microbial fuel cell according to claim 2, wherein the anaerobic microorganisms are at least one selected from the group consisting of bacteria of the genus geobacter, bacteria of the genus shewanella, bacteria of the genus aeromonas, bacteria of the genus trichoderma, bacteria of the genus bacillus, and bacteria of the genus saccharomyces.
4. The microbial fuel cell of claim 1, wherein the sulfate-reducing bacteria is selected from at least one of the genera Desulfovibrio, Desulfoenterobacter, Desulfomonas, Therdesulfobacter, Desulfofola, Desulfococcus, Desulfonematobacter, Desulfosarcina, and Desulfobacter.
5. The microbial fuel cell of claim 1, wherein the second microorganism further comprises a denitrifying bacteria.
6. The microbial fuel cell of any one of claims 1-3, wherein the catalyst comprises a metal catalyst.
7. The microbial fuel cell of claim 6, wherein the metal catalyst is selected from at least one of nickel, copper, iron, cobalt, and tungsten.
8. The microbial fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the surface of the cathode is coated with a porous material having electrical conductivity, and the second microorganism is supported on the porous material.
9. A method for treating high-concentration uranium-containing wastewater, characterized by using the microbial fuel cell according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein wastewater containing organic matter is brought into contact with the anode, and high-concentration uranium-containing wastewater is brought into contact with the cathode.
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| CN101710625A (en) * | 2009-10-30 | 2010-05-19 | 北京大学深圳研究生院 | Fuel cell system and method of generating electricity and reducing heavy metal through sewage treatment |
| WO2015025917A1 (en) * | 2013-08-21 | 2015-02-26 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | Electrode for microbial fuel cell, method for manufacturing electrode for microbial fuel cell, and microbial fuel cell |
| CN109574201A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-04-05 | 华北电力大学 | Organic and desulfurization wastewater microbiological fuel cell cooperative processing method and system |
| CN209447938U (en) * | 2019-03-06 | 2019-09-27 | 南华大学 | A kind of microbiological fuel cell for uranium-containing waste water processing |
| JP6624470B1 (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2019-12-25 | 日本工営株式会社 | Microbial fuel cell, power generator and sewage treatment system |
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| CN101710625A (en) * | 2009-10-30 | 2010-05-19 | 北京大学深圳研究生院 | Fuel cell system and method of generating electricity and reducing heavy metal through sewage treatment |
| WO2015025917A1 (en) * | 2013-08-21 | 2015-02-26 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | Electrode for microbial fuel cell, method for manufacturing electrode for microbial fuel cell, and microbial fuel cell |
| JP6624470B1 (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2019-12-25 | 日本工営株式会社 | Microbial fuel cell, power generator and sewage treatment system |
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