CN112380683B - Handling decision method based on fault evolution path - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a disposal decision method based on a fault evolution path, which is used for acquiring a power grid operation mode and an expected fault and providing basic input for subsequent power grid safety analysis; performing power grid safety analysis of expected faults aiming at the acquired power grid operation mode data; judging whether the frequency is out of limit, and if so, carrying out frequency out-of-limit auxiliary decision; judging whether equipment overload or cross section out-of-limit conditions exist or not; judging whether the voltage is out of limit; according to the method, the disposal decision can be analyzed and decided according to the hierarchy of the fault evolution stage, the practicability and the usability of the auxiliary decision are improved, the intelligent level of the power grid fault disposal is improved, the disposal of the actual fault of the power grid is guided, the timeliness of the fault disposal of power grid operators is improved, the risk of power grid accidents is reduced, and the safe and stable operation of the power grid is better guaranteed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power systems and automation thereof, in particular to a disposal decision method based on a fault evolution path.
Background
After an abnormal fault occurs in the actual operation of the power system, in order to ensure the safety and stability of the power grid, various safety automatic devices of three defense lines of the power grid can automatically act according to the characteristics of the power grid, and meanwhile, the intervention of manual operation is matched, so that the further deterioration of the fault of the power grid can be avoided, and the normal operation state can be restored as soon as possible. However, the whole process is staged along with the evolution process of the fault, specifically: at the moment of fault occurrence, firstly, the relay protection device can rapidly act to isolate a fault point within millisecond time; after the relay protection device isolates a fault point, if the power grid still has serious safety and stability problems (such as transient instability, serious overload and the like), the millisecond/second-level safety control device can rapidly act at the moment, and the serious problem after the fault corresponding to the millisecond/second-level safety control device is rapidly eliminated; generally, a safety automatic device finishes actions within one minute, at the moment, if the power grid still has emergency problems (such as frequency out-of-limit, power oscillation, severe overload, voltage out-of-limit and the like), automatic control systems such as dynamic ACE, AGC and the like act, meanwhile, scheduling personnel can also carry out corresponding scheduling handling operation according to power grid alarm information, such as means of emergency addition of a unit for standby, emergency load reduction and the like, and generally, the power grid is recovered from an emergency state to a recovery state within the time range of no more than thirty minutes; thirty minutes later, the dispatcher gradually recovers the rotary reserve capacity called during the fault period according to the running condition of the power grid, seeks out extra-site power support for the area with insufficient reserve, and performs operations such as load transfer, power limitation and the like according to the condition; after one to two hours, a gradual recovery is performed for the fault and the load removed at the previous stage.
In order to reduce analysis dimensionality, improve decision efficiency and simplify decision process, the existing power grid safety analysis and assistant decision-making mainly consider the steady-state process of a power grid, namely, evaluation calculation is carried out at the initial time of a power grid fault and the steady-state time of the power grid after the safety automatic device acts, and various problems are comprehensively and comprehensively considered, so that the decision-making result does not distinguish a fault evolution path and an operation time sequence, the calculation result is not refined enough, the decision-making result is not accurate enough and cannot be actually operated, only can be referred by scheduling operation personnel, and the scheduling personnel is required to carry out treatment operation according to operation experience during actual execution.
When the power grid has various safety problems such as frequency, overload, voltage out-of-limit and the like, according to the requirement principle of dispatching operation of a power company, after the power grid fails, the development of the fault is rapidly limited, and the root cause of the fault is eliminated, so that the power grid has the priority of control, namely, the global problem is solved preferentially, the threat to the safety of a person, the power grid and equipment is relieved, the frequency problem is the global problem, the problem needs to be solved preferentially, then the overload problem is solved, and finally the local voltage problem is solved.
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a disposal decision method based on a fault evolution path and a power grid actual fault disposal process, so that a disposal decision is made according to a hierarchical analysis decision of a fault evolution stage, the practicability and the usability of an auxiliary decision are improved, and the intelligent level of power grid fault disposal is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a handling decision method based on a fault evolution path. The method is used for solving the technical problems that the fault evolution path is not considered in the conventional assistant decision, operation time sequences are not distinguished in various measures, and the disposal operation is difficult to implement directly.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a handling decision method based on a fault evolution path is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step S1: acquiring a set of power grid operation modes and expected faults in a power system, and providing basic input for subsequent power grid safety analysis;
step S2: aiming at the acquired power grid operation mode data, power grid safety analysis of expected faults is carried out, and primary frequency modulation and a safety automatic device strategy are taken into account in the analysis;
and step S3: judging whether the frequency is out of limit, and if so, performing frequency out-of-limit auxiliary decision;
and step S4: judging whether equipment overload or cross section out-of-limit conditions exist or not, and if the equipment overload or cross section out-of-limit conditions exist, carrying out equipment overload or cross section out-of-limit auxiliary decision;
step S5: judging whether the voltage is out-of-limit or not, and if so, performing voltage out-of-limit auxiliary decision;
step S6: and summarizing to show the assistant decision calculation result.
Specifically, in step S1, the operation mode of the power grid specifically includes: power grid model parameters, unit output and load levels, regional exchange power, equipment running state and topological relation, and key section or element power flow;
the expected failures in the data acquisition module include: failed element, failed time, action timing, failure type, and failed phase.
In particular, in step S2, the grid safety analysis includes, but is not limited to: frequency safety analysis, equipment overload/section out-of-limit safety analysis and voltage out-of-limit safety analysis;
the secure automation device policy includes: the system comprises a second line-defense safety control device, a system protection device, a third line-defense low-frequency low-voltage load shedding device, a high-circumference cutter device, an accident disconnection device and a spare power automatic switching device.
In particular, in step S2, the frequency safety analysis is evaluated in two ways:
a) Transient simulation analysis method: in the power grid transient simulation analysis, the action condition of the action strategy of the safety automatic device is identified by considering the unit/load primary frequency modulation characteristic, the power grid operation mode under the expected fault is subjected to simulation evaluation until the power grid reaches a steady state, and a quasi-steady state frequency safety analysis result is output;
b) Static estimation method: when transient stability of a power grid is not considered, aiming at unbalanced power caused by faults, primary frequency modulation simulation allocation of the unbalanced power can be carried out according to the provided unit difference adjustment coefficient, load frequency response characteristics and the action quantity of the safety automatic device, and frequency is estimated by using the frequency coefficient.
Particularly, the frequency out-of-limit judging standard is that according to the actual operation requirement of a power grid, the frequency fluctuation range under the normal operation mode and the N-1 fault is not more than +/-0.05Hz, the frequency fluctuation range under the N-2 fault and above is not more than +/-0.1 Hz;
in particular, in step S3, the frequency out-of-limit auxiliary decision performs frequency control according to the actual power shortage amount Δ P after the fault, and the frequency control principle is that power shortage supplement is performed by the specific administration according to the location of the fault generating equipment, and power is supported by other areas when the unit in the local area is in shortage of standby power.
Particularly, the equipment overload/section out-of-limit judgment standard is the current-carrying capacity of the equipment and the section given limit.
Particularly, the actual adjustment process of the equipment overload or cross section out-of-limit aid decision in the overload aid decision module is as follows:
a) When the power flow of equipment or a section in the pipe adjusting range is out of limit in each area, firstly, the output of a unit is adjusted, the power flow of the section is strictly controlled, and the condition that the section is out of limit is relieved; adjusting the output of the unit comprises starting and stopping the unit quickly;
b) After the unit is adjusted, serious overload can not be solved, and then load control is carried out until the overload is eliminated;
c) The sensitivity of the overload equipment is selected in sequence and adjusted in priority according to various control means, so that the aim of minimizing the adjustment amount is fulfilled.
Particularly, the voltage out-of-limit judgment standard refers to specified values of each region or is selected according to voltage grades;
in the voltage out-of-limit auxiliary decision, the voltage out-of-limit auxiliary decision performs unit reactive power output adjustment and reactor throwing and withdrawing operations according to the voltage out-of-limit condition, and the operation sequence performs priority sequencing on the reactive power sensitivity of the voltage out-of-limit area according to the control means.
In particular, the result presentation comprises: and process information such as the action quantity and the action time sequence of the auxiliary decision measure at each stage and related control power grid analysis results.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method can realize the hierarchical analysis decision of the disposal decision according to the fault evolution stage, improve the practicability and the availability of the auxiliary decision, improve the intelligent level of the grid fault disposal, guide the disposal of the actual fault of the power grid, improve the timeliness of the fault disposal of the power grid operating personnel, reduce the risk of the power grid accident and better ensure the safe and stable operation of the power grid.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
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In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments are illustrative of the invention only and are not limiting upon the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a handling decision method based on a fault evolution path of the present invention includes the following steps:
step S1: and acquiring a set of power grid operation modes and expected faults in the power system. (the basic data of a certain power grid operation mode and the expected faults in the mode are integrated.)
Wherein:
1) The power grid operation mode specifically comprises the following steps: power grid model parameters, unit output and load levels, regional exchange power, equipment running state and topological relation, key section or element tide and the like;
2) The expected failures include: failed element, failed time, action timing, failure type, and failed phase.
Step S2: and (4) carrying out power grid safety analysis of expected faults according to the acquired power grid operation mode data, and taking primary frequency modulation and a safety automatic device strategy into account in the analysis.
Wherein:
1) Grid security analysis includes, but is not limited to: frequency safety analysis, equipment overload/section out-of-limit safety analysis, voltage out-of-limit safety analysis and the like.
2) The safety automatic device comprises: the system comprises a second line-defense safety control device, a system protection device, a third line-defense low-frequency low-voltage load shedding device, a high-circumference cutter device, an accident disconnection device, a spare power automatic switching device and the like.
3) The frequency safety analysis can be evaluated in two ways:
a) Transient simulation analysis method. In the power grid transient simulation analysis, the action conditions such as a unit/load primary frequency modulation characteristic are considered, the action strategy of the safety automatic device is identified, the simulation evaluation is carried out on the power grid operation mode under the expected fault until the power grid reaches a steady state, and a quasi-steady state frequency safety analysis result is output.
b) And (4) static estimation. When transient stability of a power grid is not considered, aiming at unbalanced power caused by faults, primary frequency modulation simulation allocation of the unbalanced power can be carried out according to the provided unit difference adjustment coefficient, load frequency response characteristics and the action quantity of the safety automatic device, and frequency is estimated by using the frequency coefficient.
And step S3: judging whether the frequency is out of limit, if so, performing frequency out-of-limit auxiliary decision, otherwise, entering the step S4;
wherein:
1) The frequency out-of-limit judgment standard is based on the actual operation requirement of the power grid, the frequency fluctuation range under the normal operation mode and the N-1 fault does not exceed +/-0.05Hz, the frequency fluctuation range under the N-2 fault and above faults does not exceed +/-0.1 Hz.
2) And the frequency out-of-limit auxiliary decision is used for carrying out frequency control according to the actual power shortage quantity delta P (the primary frequency modulation coefficient and the power shortage after the action of the safety automatic device are considered) after the fault. The frequency control principle is that according to the attribution of the fault generating equipment, who governs and is responsible for power shortage supplement, and when the unit in the area is insufficient in standby, other areas support power.
And step S4: and judging whether equipment overload or cross section out-of-limit exists or not, if so, carrying out auxiliary decision on equipment overload or cross section out-of-limit, and otherwise, entering the step S5.
Wherein:
1) The equipment overload or section out-of-limit judgment standard is the self current-carrying capacity of the equipment and the section given limit;
2) The actual adjustment process of the auxiliary decision making during equipment overload or section out-of-limit comprises the following steps:
a) When the power flow of equipment or a section in the pipe adjusting range is found to be out of limit in each area, firstly, the output of a unit (including the start and stop of a quick unit) is adjusted, the power flow of the section is strictly controlled, and the condition that the section is out of limit is relieved;
b) After the unit is adjusted, serious overload can not be solved, and then load control is carried out until the overload is eliminated;
c) The sensitivity of the overload equipment is selected in sequence and adjusted in priority according to various control means, so that the aim of minimizing the adjustment amount is fulfilled.
Step S5: and judging whether the voltage is out-of-limit or not, if so, performing voltage out-of-limit auxiliary decision, otherwise, entering the step S6.
Wherein:
1) The out-of-limit judgment standard of the voltage is selected according to the specified value of each region or the voltage grade;
2) And voltage out-of-limit auxiliary decision making is used for adjusting the reactive power output of the unit and performing the operation of putting on and off the capacitive reactance device according to the voltage out-of-limit condition, and the operation sequence is used for carrying out priority sequencing on the reactive power sensitivity of the voltage out-of-limit area according to the control means.
Step S6: and returning an assistant decision result.
The output content comprises: and process information such as the action quantity and the action time sequence of the auxiliary decision measure at each stage and related control power grid analysis results.
It should be noted that any process or method descriptions in flow charts of the present invention or otherwise described herein may be understood as representing modules, segments, or portions of code which include one or more executable instructions for implementing specific logical functions or steps of the process, and that the scope of the preferred embodiments of the present invention includes additional implementations in which functions may be executed out of order from that shown or discussed, including substantially concurrently or in reverse order, depending on the functionality involved, as would be understood by those reasonably skilled in the art of the present invention.
The logic and/or steps represented in the flowcharts or otherwise described herein, e.g., an ordered listing of executable instructions that can be considered to implement logical functions, can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device, such as a computer-based system, processor-containing system, or other system that can fetch the instructions from the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device and execute the instructions. For the purposes of this description, a "computer-readable medium" can be any means that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transport the program for use by or in connection with the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer-readable medium would include the following: an electrical connection (electronic device) having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette (magnetic device), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber device, and a portable compact disc read-only memory (CDROM). Additionally, the computer-readable medium could even be paper or another suitable medium upon which the program is printed, as the program can be electronically captured, via for instance optical scanning of the paper or other medium, then compiled, interpreted or otherwise processed in a suitable manner if necessary, and then stored in a computer memory.
It should be understood that portions of the present invention may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, the various steps or methods may be implemented in software or firmware stored in memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, any one or combination of the following techniques, which are known in the art, may be used: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function on a data signal, an application specific integrated circuit having an appropriate combinational logic gate circuit, a Programmable Gate Array (PGA), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), or the like.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the steps carried out in the method of implementing the above embodiments may be implemented by hardware related to instructions of a program, which may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and the program, when executed, may include one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiments.
In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing module, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one module. The integrated module can be realized in a hardware mode, and can also be realized in a software functional module mode. The integrated module, if implemented in the form of a software functional module and sold or used as a separate product, may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
Finally, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A handling decision method based on a fault evolution path is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step S1: acquiring a set of power grid operation modes and expected faults in a power system, and providing basic input for subsequent power grid safety analysis;
step S2: aiming at the acquired power grid operation mode data, performing power grid safety analysis of expected faults, and analyzing and calculating a primary frequency modulation and safety automatic device strategy; in step S2, the frequency safety analysis is evaluated in the following two ways:
a) Transient simulation analysis method: in the power grid transient simulation analysis, the action condition of the action strategy of the safety automatic device is identified by considering the unit/load primary frequency modulation characteristic, the power grid operation mode under the expected fault is subjected to simulation evaluation until the power grid reaches a steady state, and a quasi-steady state frequency safety analysis result is output;
b) Static estimation method: when transient stability of a power grid is not considered, aiming at unbalanced power caused after a fault, primary frequency modulation simulation allocation of the unbalanced power can be carried out according to the provided unit difference adjustment coefficient, the load frequency response characteristic and the action quantity of the safety automatic device, and frequency estimation is carried out by using the frequency coefficient;
and step S3: judging whether the frequency is out of limit, and if so, performing frequency out-of-limit auxiliary decision;
and step S4: judging whether equipment overload or cross section out-of-limit conditions exist or not, and if the equipment overload or cross section out-of-limit conditions exist, carrying out equipment overload or cross section out-of-limit auxiliary decision;
step S5: judging whether the voltage is out-of-limit or not, and if so, performing voltage out-of-limit auxiliary decision;
step S6: and summarizing to show the assistant decision calculation result.
2. The handling decision method based on the fault evolution path as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in step S1, the power grid operation mode specifically includes: power grid model parameters, unit output and load levels, regional exchange power, equipment running state and topological relation, and key section or element tide;
the expected failures in the data acquisition module include: failed element, failed time, action timing, failure type, and failed phase.
3. The treatment decision method based on the fault evolution path as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: in step S2, the grid safety analysis includes, but is not limited to: frequency safety analysis, equipment overload/section out-of-limit safety analysis and voltage out-of-limit safety analysis;
the secure automation device policy includes: the system comprises a second line-defense safety control device, a system protection device, a third line-defense low-frequency low-voltage load shedding device, a high-circumference cutter device, an accident disconnection device and a spare power automatic switching device.
4. The treatment decision method based on the fault evolution path as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the frequency out-of-limit judgment standard is based on the actual operation requirement of the power grid, the frequency fluctuation range under the normal operation mode and the N-1 fault does not exceed +/-0.05Hz, the frequency fluctuation range under the N-2 fault and above faults does not exceed +/-0.1 Hz.
5. The treatment decision method based on the fault evolution path as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S3, the frequency out-of-limit auxiliary decision performs frequency control according to the actual power shortage amount Δ P after the fault, and the frequency control principle is that power shortage supplement is performed by the responsibility of specific jurisdiction according to the attribution of the fault occurrence equipment, and power support is performed by other regions when the unit in the region is in shortage.
6. The treatment decision method based on the fault evolution path as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: the equipment overload/section out-of-limit judgment standard is the current-carrying capacity of the equipment and the section given limit.
7. The treatment decision method based on the fault evolution path as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: the actual adjustment process of the equipment overload or section out-of-limit assistant decision in the overload assistant decision module is as follows:
a) When the power flow of equipment or a section in the pipe adjusting range is out of limit in each area, firstly, the output of a unit is adjusted, the power flow of the section is strictly controlled, and the condition that the section is out of limit is relieved; the adjustment of the output of the unit comprises the start and stop of the rapid unit;
b) After the unit is adjusted, serious overload can not be solved, and then load control is carried out until the overload is eliminated;
c) The sensitivity of the overload equipment is selected in sequence and adjusted in priority according to various control means, so that the aim of minimizing the adjustment amount is fulfilled.
8. The treatment decision method based on the fault evolution path as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: the voltage out-of-limit judgment standard refers to specified values of various regions or is selected according to voltage grades;
in the voltage out-of-limit auxiliary decision, the voltage out-of-limit auxiliary decision performs unit reactive power output adjustment and reactor throwing and withdrawing operations according to the voltage out-of-limit condition, and the operation sequence performs priority sequencing on the reactive power sensitivity of the voltage out-of-limit area according to the control means.
9. The treatment decision method based on the fault evolution path as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the result display content comprises: and (4) performing action quantity and action time sequence process information of the aid decision measures at each stage and analyzing results of related control power grids.
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| CN113092930A (en) * | 2021-02-20 | 2021-07-09 | 贵州电网有限责任公司 | Intelligent regulation and control system and method for power grid power failure and restoration |
| CN113447760B (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2022-11-29 | 积成电子股份有限公司 | Modeling method and system for composite fault element in full electromagnetic transient fault scanning |
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