CN112379076A - Comprehensive determination method for multi-element fluid related to uranium mineralization in sandstone-type uranium ore - Google Patents
Comprehensive determination method for multi-element fluid related to uranium mineralization in sandstone-type uranium ore Download PDFInfo
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- YIIYNAOHYJJBHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N uranium;dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[U] YIIYNAOHYJJBHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DSERHVOICOPXEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L uranyl carbonate Chemical compound [U+2].[O-]C([O-])=O DSERHVOICOPXEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of uranium ores, and particularly relates to a multi-fluid comprehensive determination method technology related to uranium mineralization in sandstone-type uranium ores, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: the system collects geological phenomena related to fluid activities in sandstone-type uranium mining areas; step two: performing a systematic collection of samples related to fluid activity; step three: carrying out the preparation of the optical thin sheet and the fluid inclusion sheet of the sample; step four: carrying out the identification work of the optical thin slice rock ore; step five: carrying out laser Raman spectroscopy and temperature measurement work on the fluid inclusion; step six: carrying out corresponding determination work of the stable isotope of the altered mineral; step seven: and (4) comprehensive research and analysis. The method can be used for determining the components and sources of the multi-element fluid related to uranium mineralization in the sandstone-type uranium ore and finding out the relation between the multi-element fluid and the uranium mineralization, so that the influence of multi-element fluid activities on the uranium mineralization is evaluated, a corresponding mineralization pattern diagram is constructed, the uranium ore body positioning mark is identified, and a technical support and evaluation basis is provided for the subsequent uranium ore exploration.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of uranium ores, and particularly relates to a comprehensive determination method for multi-element fluid related to uranium mineralization in sandstone-type uranium ores.
Background
The traditional interlayer oxidation zone sandstone type uranium ore mineralization theory emphasizes the importance of oxygen-containing water containing uranium from an erosion source zone, and an oxidation front line is considered to control the uranium ore body production position. However, researches in recent years find that ore-bearing layers of sandstone-type uranium ores are also transformed by reducing fluid and hot fluid, which provides new challenges for the traditional interlayer oxidation zone sandstone-type uranium ore forming theory, such as a bash braker ore deposit at the northwest edge of a Tarim basin, and the uranium is transformed by large-scale reducing fluid before being formed into ores, so that the uranium ore body is controlled by the distribution range of oil and gas organic matters-bitumen which are dissipated early; for example, an Ore bed of Ornithouranium in an Oridos basin is subjected to large-scale reductive fluid activity after the uranium is mineralized, so that the uranium ore body is produced in a transition zone between secondary reduction green sandstone and gray sandstone; for example, a large amount of diabase develops in the sandstone-type uranium ore area at the south edge of the Songliao basin, the sandstone-type uranium ore in the area is subjected to thermal fluid transformation, and the output position of the uranium ore body has a close relation with the spatial distribution of the diabase. The research shows that the ore forming process of the sandstone-type uranium ores is closely related to fluid activities and is the result of comprehensive action of various fluids. In addition, the space positioning and positioning marks of sandstone-type uranium ore bodies are also closely related to fluid activities, but effective technical method combinations are lacked at the present stage to comprehensively determine the multi-fluid components, sources and uranium mineralization related to uranium mineralization.
Therefore, in combination with the actual demands of research and exploration of sandstone-type uranium ores, a technology is urgently needed to comprehensively determine the components and sources of multiple fluids related to uranium mineralization in the sandstone-type uranium ores and find out the relationship between fluid activities and uranium mineralization, so that the influence of the multiple fluid activities on the uranium mineralization is evaluated, the ore formation mode and the ore finding mode of the sandstone-type uranium ores are constructed, the positioning mark of the uranium ore body is identified, and the technical support and evaluation basis is provided for the subsequent uranium ore exploration.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a comprehensive determination method for multi-fluid related to uranium mineralization in sandstone-type uranium ores, which can determine components and sources of the multi-fluid related to uranium mineralization in the sandstone-type uranium ores and find out the relationship between the components and uranium mineralization, so that the influence of multi-fluid activities on the uranium mineralization is evaluated, a corresponding mineralization pattern is constructed, a uranium ore body positioning mark is identified, and a technical support and evaluation basis is provided for the subsequent uranium ore exploration.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a method for comprehensively determining multi-element fluid related to uranium mineralization in sandstone-type uranium ores comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the system collects geological phenomena related to fluid activities in sandstone-type uranium mining areas;
step two: performing a systematic collection of samples related to fluid activity;
step three: manufacturing an optical sheet and a fluid inclusion sheet aiming at the sample collected in the second step;
step four: performing optical slice rock ore identification on the optical slice obtained in the third step, and finding out the alteration characteristics of the sandstone containing the ore bed;
step five: performing fluid inclusion laser Raman spectrum temperature measurement on the optical slice obtained in the fourth step after rock and ore identification;
step six: measuring the stable isotope of the altered mineral for the fluid inclusion obtained in the fifth step;
step seven: and analyzing the geological phenomenon obtained in the fourth step, the Raman spectrum and temperature measurement result of the fluid inclusion obtained in the fifth step and the stable isotope characteristics of the altered minerals obtained in the sixth step, so as to determine the properties, components and sources of the multi-component fluid related to uranium ores in the sandstone uranium ores.
The geological phenomena related to the fluid activity in the first step comprise: the signs of the activity of the rock slurry and the dissipation of oil and gas in the area and the vein body in the mineral-containing layer are studied.
The step two of systematic collection of samples related to fluid activities comprises: sandstone type uranium ores contain sandstone samples of different geochemical zones of the ore bed and geologic phenomenon samples related to fluid activities.
The concrete steps of manufacturing the sandstone optical slice and the fluid inclusion sheet in the third step comprise: cementing and grinding sandstone samples with different geochemical bands and samples with special phenomena into polished slices by using fir glue; sandstone samples of different geochemical zonation and samples of special phenomena are subjected to 502 cementing grinding to prepare fluid inclusion pieces.
The rock and ore identification of the optical slice in the fourth step comprises the following specific steps: preliminarily determining the alteration characteristics of the sandstone containing the ore bed, coating carbon on the slice, carrying out fine observation on the coated carbon optical slice, and finely determining the alteration mineral type and characteristics of the sandstone containing the ore bed.
The concrete steps of the fluid inclusion laser Raman spectrum temperature measurement in the fifth step comprise: identifying inclusion groups suitable for temperature measurement in carbonate cement, quartz secondary enlarged edges and quartz cracks and types of corresponding inclusions, and performing laser Raman spectrum analysis test on the corresponding inclusions; and soaking the inclusion pieces, removing gum, unloading the glass slide, and measuring the uniform temperature of the inclusions by using the selected carbonate cement inclusion group or the secondary inclusion group in quartz secondary augmentation.
And in the fifth step, the temperature measuring instrument of the inclusion is a Linkam-THMS600 cold and hot table, and a uniform method is selected as a test method.
The step six of altering the stable isotope of the mineral comprises the following specific steps: testing and measuring the C-O isotope of carbonate cement and calcite vein, measuring the H-O isotope of clay mineral and measuring the S isotope of pyrite.
And the micro laser Raman spectrometer in the fifth step is of a LABHRVISLABRAM HR800 type.
The method for determining the C-O isotope of the carbonate cement in the sixth step comprises the following specific steps: removing carbon dust and organic matters in the sample to extract cement carbonateCO in2Gas, CO to be collected2And (6) carrying out testing.
The method for measuring the H-O isotope of the clay mineral in the sixth step comprises the following specific steps: cleaning and drying a sample, crushing the sample and sieving, putting the sieved part into a beaker, adding distilled water and stirring, taking out the suspension at the upper half part of the beaker after standing, putting the suspension into another beaker, drying the suspension to obtain a clay sample, and analyzing the oxygen isotope composition of clay mineral by a spectrometer; then, water in the clay mineral is taken out by a bursting method, hydrogen is produced by a zinc method, and finally, the hydrogen isotope composition is analyzed by a mass spectrometer.
The method for measuring the S isotope of the pyrite in the sixth step comprises the following specific steps: crushing and screening a sample, then carrying out flotation by using water, preliminarily extracting pyrite in the sample, and further purifying the pyrite by using heavy liquid; removing the residual impurities, putting the pyrite into an agate pot, grinding into powder, weighing the pyrite powder, and measuring the S isotope of the pyrite by using the powder sample.
The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows: the comprehensive determination method for the multi-element fluid related to uranium mineralization in sandstone-type uranium ores, provided by the invention, comprises the processes of indoor data collection → field geological observation sampling → experimental analysis test → comprehensive analysis and the like, and has clear analysis and test requirements and strong operability. In addition, the method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that some ore-containing layers of the sandstone-type uranium ores are found to be subjected to the transformation of uranium-containing oxygen-containing atmospheric precipitation in the research process in recent years, the transformation of reducing fluid and hot fluid is also taken as an entry point, the constraint that the traditional sandstone-type uranium ore mineralization theory emphasizes uranium-containing oxygen-containing water control ores from an erosion source region is broken through, the influence of multi-fluid activities on uranium ore mineralization is evaluated from the perspective that the sandstone-type uranium ores are the result of comprehensive action of various fluids, an ore mineralization mode and an ore exploration mode of the sandstone-type uranium ores are constructed, positioning marks of the uranium ores are identified, and technical support and evaluation basis are provided for subsequent uranium ore exploration.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method for comprehensively determining multiple fluids related to uranium mineralization in sandstone-type uranium ores according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of stable isotope analysis of sandstone in ore bearing zone of the gulf uranium deposit of the south edge Mongolian of Ili basin, wherein FIG. 2a is a schematic representation of H-O isotope of fluid of interest in formation with kaolinite, and FIG. 2b is a schematic representation of C-O isotope of carbonate cement;
fig. 3 is a diagram of ore-forming patterns of the gulf ore of the south edge Mongolian of the Ili basin.
Detailed Description
The multi-fluid comprehensive determination technology related to uranium mineralization in sandstone-type uranium ores provided by the invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
A method for comprehensively determining multi-element fluid related to uranium mineralization in sandstone-type uranium ores comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the system collects geological phenomena related to fluid activities in sandstone-type uranium mining areas;
the geological phenomena related to the fluid activity in the first step comprise: the signs of the activity of the rock slurry and the escape of oil and gas in the area and some veins (calcite veins, etc.) in the mineral-bearing zone were studied.
Step two: performing a systematic collection of samples related to fluid activity;
the step two of systematic collection of samples related to fluid activities comprises: sandstone type uranium ores contain sandstone samples of different geochemical zones of the ore bed and geologic phenomenon samples related to fluid activities.
Sandstone samples of different geochemical zones of ore-bearing layers of sandstone-type uranium ores comprise red-yellow sandstone in an oxidation zone, gray sandstone in an oxidation-reduction transition zone and gray sandstone in a reduction zone. Geological samples related to fluid activity include calcite veins, and the like.
Step three: manufacturing an optical sheet and a fluid inclusion sheet aiming at the sample collected in the second step;
the concrete steps of manufacturing the sandstone optical slice and the fluid inclusion sheet in the third step comprise: cementing the sandstone samples with different geochemical bands collected in the step (2) and the samples with special phenomena (calcite veins and the like) by using fir glue to grind a polished slice; sandstone samples with different geochemical bands and samples with special phenomena (calcite veins and the like) are cemented by 502 glue to be ground into fluid inclusion pieces.
Step four: performing rock and ore identification on the optical slice obtained in the third step, and finding out the alteration characteristics of the sandstone containing the ore bed;
the rock and ore identification of the optical thin slice in the fourth step comprises the following specific steps: preliminarily finding out the alteration characteristics of the sandstone containing the ore layer by using a polarizing microscope, then coating carbon on the optical sheet obtained in the third step, and carrying out fine observation on the coated carbon optical sheet by using a scanning electron microscope and an electronic probe to finely determine the alteration mineral type and characteristics of the sandstone containing the ore layer.
Step five: performing fluid inclusion laser Raman spectrum temperature measurement on the optical slice obtained in the fourth step after rock and ore identification;
the concrete steps of the fluid inclusion laser Raman spectrum temperature measurement in the fifth step comprise: observing the optical slice obtained in the fourth step after the rock and ore identification, namely the optical slice for finely observing the fluid inclusion under a polarized light and UV excitation fluorescence microscope, identifying the inclusion group suitable for temperature measurement in the carbonate cement, the quartz secondary enlarged edge and the quartz fracture and the type of the corresponding inclusion, and carrying out laser Raman spectrum analysis and test on the corresponding inclusion by using a micro laser Raman spectrometer; and then, soaking the inclusion piece by using acetone, removing gum, unloading the glass slide, and finally, completing the measurement of the uniform temperature of the inclusion by using the selected carbonate cement inclusion group or the secondary inclusion group in the secondary increase of quartz.
In the fifth step, the temperature measuring instrument of the inclusion is a Linkam-THMS600 cold and hot table made in English (the temperature measuring range is-196- +600 ℃), and the analysis precision is as follows:<30℃，±0.2℃；<300℃，±0.1℃；<600 ℃ and +/-0.2 ℃. The test method selects a homogeneous method: selecting larger inclusion with clear phase boundary line and cavity wall for testing, cooling the inclusion to completely freeze, slowly heating to-56 deg.C at 0.5 deg.C/min to observe whether there is CO in the inclusion2、CH4And (5) waiting for volatilization, then continuously and slowly heating at the speed of 0.5 ℃/min, and observing the complete uniform temperature of the inclusion.
The fifth step showsThe micro laser Raman spectrometer is of a LABHRVISLABRAM HR800 type, and has the temperature of 25 ℃, the humidity of 30 percent, the wavelength of 532nm of a laser and the scanning range of 100-4200 cm-1Under the conditions of (a);
step six: measuring the stable isotope of the altered mineral for the fluid inclusion obtained in the fifth step;
the step six of altering the stable isotope of the mineral comprises the following specific steps: and C-O isotope test determination, clay mineral H-O isotope determination and pyrite S isotope determination are carried out on the fluid inclusion obtained in the fifth step.
The method for determining the C-O isotope of the carbonate cement in the sixth step comprises the following specific steps: on the basis of removing carbon dust and organic matters in the fluid inclusion sample, 100 percent phosphoric acid is used for reaction for 4 hours at 25 ℃, and CO in the cement carbonate is extracted2Gas, CO to be collected2The carbon isotope ratio is measured by filling the carbon isotope ratio on an MAT-253 type mass spectrometer for testing, and the calibration standard samples are GBW04416 and GBW04417, the oxygen isotope ratio is based on SMOW, and the carbon isotope ratio is based on PDB;
the method for measuring the H-O isotope of the clay mineral in the sixth step comprises the following specific steps: cleaning and drying a fluid inclusion sample, crushing the fluid inclusion sample, sieving the fluid inclusion sample by a 60-mesh sieve, putting the sieved part into a beaker, adding 500ml of distilled water, stirring for 3min, standing for 6min, taking out the suspension at the upper half part of the beaker, putting the suspension into another beaker, drying the suspension to obtain a clay sample, treating and preparing the clay sample by a BrF5 method, and analyzing the oxygen isotope composition of the clay mineral by an MAT-251EM type mass spectrometer; then, water in the clay mineral is taken out by a bursting method, hydrogen is produced by a zinc method, and finally, a MAT-251EM type mass spectrometer is used for analyzing hydrogen isotope composition;
the method for measuring the S isotope of the pyrite in the sixth step comprises the following specific steps: crushing and screening a fluid inclusion sample, selecting 80-100 mesh size fractions, then carrying out flotation by using water, preliminarily extracting pyrite in the fluid inclusion sample, and further purifying by using heavy liquid; removing residual impurities under binoculars, putting the pyrite into an agate pot, grinding into powder below 200 meshes, weighing 0.1mg of pyrite powder, wrapping with tinfoil paper, sending the sample into an element analysis-mass spectrometer online (EA-MS) system through an automatic sampling system, and measuring the S isotope of the pyrite;
step seven: and analyzing the geological phenomenon obtained in the fourth step, the Raman spectrum and temperature measurement result of the fluid inclusion obtained in the fifth step and the stable isotope characteristics of the altered minerals obtained in the sixth step, so as to determine the properties, components and sources of the multi-component fluid related to uranium ores in the sandstone uranium ores.
Analyzing the geological phenomenon obtained in the fourth step, the fluid inclusion Raman spectrum and the temperature measurement result obtained in the fifth step and the stable isotope characteristics of the altered minerals obtained in the sixth step, determining the properties, components and sources of the multi-component fluids related to uranium mineralization in the sandstone uranium ore, and explaining the relationship between the fluid activity and the uranium mineralization by combining the burial evolution history and the thermal evolution history of the ore-bearing layer, thereby evaluating the influence of the multi-component fluid activity on the uranium mineralization and providing a basis for the follow-up uranium ore exploration.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the method for comprehensively determining the multi-element fluid related to uranium mineralization in sandstone-type uranium ore provided by the present invention is further illustrated by taking the gulf deposit of the south edge monmorium of the illite basin as an example, and the specific steps of the method are as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: system for collecting geological phenomena related to fluid activity in sandstone-type uranium deposit
For example, the system collects geological phenomena related to fluid activities in a sandstone-type uranium mining area at the south edge of the Ili basin, comprises obvious signs of lack of magma activities and oil and gas escape after a mineral-bearing layer is formed, and preliminarily eliminates reductive fluids such as magma hydrothermal activities and oil and gas escape from acting on a uranium mineralization process.
Step two: systematic collection of samples related to fluid activities was carried out, for example, sandstone samples of different geochemical zona of the aquifer of the gulf uranium ore of the south monte of the illite basin include red-yellow sandstone in the oxidation zone, gray sandstone in the redox transition zone and gray sandstone in the reduction zone, wherein the samples for milling the polished lamella and the inclusion lamella are massive sandstone (3cm × 6cm × 9 cm).
Step three: sample development optical sheet and fluid pack sheet fabrication
For example, collected red-yellow sandstone with oxidation and reduction transition zone, gray sandstone with ore and gray sandstone with reduction zone are cemented by fir glue, and then polished slices are ground; the grey, mineralised sandstone of the redox transition zone was cemented with 502 cement to make a fluid inclusion sheet.
Step four: the optical slice is developed to carry out the rock and ore identification work and find out the alteration characteristics of sandstone with ore bed
For example, the alteration characteristics of sandstone containing ore layers are firstly preliminarily determined by using a polarization microscope, then the thin slice is coated with carbon, and the light thin slice is finely observed by using a scanning electron microscope and an electronic probe, so that the alteration mineral type and characteristics of sandstone containing ore layers are finely determined. The results show that sandstone alteration types are mainly clayeing, carbonation, silicidation and metal mineralization, wherein the clay mineralization is mainly kaolinite, silicidation is mainly quartz secondary enlargement and authigenic microcrystalline quartz, and the metal mineralization is mainly limonite, pyrite and uranium mineralization (uraninite).
Step five: on the basis of the fine observation and research of the fluid inclusion, carrying out laser Raman spectrum temperature measurement on the fluid inclusion;
for example, fluid inclusion types, mainly including gas hydrocarbon inclusion, liquid hydrocarbon inclusion and brine inclusion, are found to be distributed in clusters in sandstone inter-granular calcite cement, or to be distributed in a linear or strip shape along micro-cracks cutting through quartz grains, and the gas-liquid ratio is equal to or less than 5% when observed under a polarized light and UV excited fluorescence microscope. Therefore, the carbonate cement and the secondary inclusion group which is formed by enlarging quartz and cutting through quartz cracks are selected, 15 slices and 88 measuring points are used for measuring the temperature, and 82 data can be used for calculating the salinity. The measured uniform temperature of the fluid inclusion is relatively stable, the temperature is between 56 and 76 ℃, the concentration is between 65 and 75 ℃, the salinity change is large, the temperature is between 1.23 and 19.84 percent (NaCleq), and the concentration is between 2 and 6 percent and between 12 and 18 percent. In addition, the LABHRVISLABRAM HR800 type micro laser Raman spectrometer is used at the temperature of 25 ℃, the humidity of 30 percent and the laser wavelength of 532nm, the scanning range is 100-4200 cm-1The gas hydrocarbon inclusion is subjected to laser Raman spectrum analysis and test under the condition of (1), and the result shows that the gas component of the inclusion is CH4Mainly, gas hydrocarbon participates in the process of ore formation of sandstone-type uranium ores in a research area.
Step six: carrying out corresponding determination work of the stable isotope of the altered mineral;
for example, the kaolinite hydrogen and oxygen isotope test samples are taken from kaolinite in core sandstone drilled at the positions of strong oxidation zone, weak oxidation zone and oxidation-reduction transition zone in the interlayer oxidation zone of gulf uranium deposit of south Mongolian of Illi basin, and the delta of the kaolinite is measured by a corresponding test method by taking gravelly sandstone and coarse sandstone as main samples18OV-SMOWDelta D is between 11.8 per mill and 13.7 per mill(H2O)V-SMOWBetween-93 per thousand and-48.3 per thousand. Based on the temperature of the mineral forming fluid determined by the fluid inclusion being 56-76 ℃, the corresponding formula (10) is combined3Inα＝4.29×106/T2－6.44×10310,/T +2.03(T is absolute temperature)3Inα＝δ18OV-SMOW-δ18O(H2O)V-SMOW) Reversion to delta of fluid associated with kaolinite formation18O(H2O)V-SMOWBetween-10.3 per thousand and-5.1 per thousand.
The carbon and oxygen isotope test samples are taken from carbonate cement in rock core sandstone drilled at positions of strong oxidation zone, weak oxidation zone and oxidation-reduction transition zone in oxidation zone between gul uranium deposit layers of south Mongolian of Ili basin, 13 sandstone samples in total, and delta in the carbonate cement is measured by taking gravelly sandstone and coarse sandstone as main materials according to corresponding test methods13CV-PDBDelta is between-10.9 and-7.2 per mill18OV-SMOWBetween 17.6 and 24.9.
Step seven: and analyzing the geological phenomenon obtained in the fourth step, the Raman spectrum and temperature measurement result of the fluid inclusion obtained in the fifth step and the stable isotope characteristics of the altered minerals obtained in the sixth step, so as to determine the properties, components and sources of the multi-component fluid related to uranium ores in the sandstone uranium ores.
For example,in the light lamellar rock ore identification research, the mineral combination of kaolinite rock-authigenic microcrystalline quartz which is universally developed by the sandstone of the ore-containing layer shows that the ore-containing layer is transformed by the acidic fluid, and the limonite mineralization shows that the ore-containing layer is transformed by the oxidizing fluid. The correlation graph of temperature and salinity of the uniform inclusion body shows that the fluids related to uranium mineralization can be divided into at least two types, wherein the fluid with low salinity is one type, the fluid with high salinity is the other type, and meanwhile, the gas hydrocarbon is involved in the process of forming sandstone-type uranium ores. Projecting the determined fluid hydrogen and oxygen isotopes related to kaolinite formation on delta D(Water) V-SMOW-δ18O(Water) V-SMOWIn the diagram (fig. 2a), the majority falls into the atmospheric precipitation zone and is close to the organic water, which shows that the ore-bearing stratum undergoes oxidative atmospheric precipitation activity and is accompanied by mixed dyeing of organic water with reducing property; then projecting the C-O oxygen isotope result of the carbonate cement to delta18OV-SMOWAnd delta13CV-PDBIn the scheme (fig. 2b), most of the sample falls into sedimentary organic decarboxylation. In the decarboxylation process of organic matters, organic acid which has important significance on the migration of uranium and CH which is beneficial to uranium precipitation, enrichment and mineralization can be formed4、H2And S gas, so that an acidic organic fluid is formed, the acidic organic fluid is consistent with the gas components measured in the inclusion, and a carbon source is provided for the formation of the carbonate cement in the sandstone.
The comprehensive analysis of the research shows that the fluid for forming the ore of the gulf deposit of the south Mongolian of the Ili basin is organic acid generated by decarboxylation of oxygen-containing water containing uranium with atmospheric precipitation property and organic matter and associated CH4And the relation between the fluid activity and uranium mineralization is explained by combining the history of mineral-bearing layer burial evolution, as follows.
The ore-bearing layer of the Yili basin sandstone type uranium ore is a coal-based stratum, organic matters in the coal layer can generate decarboxylation in the process of burying and evolution, and organic acid and CO which have important significance on uranium migration and precipitation are formed2And CH favorable for uranium precipitation, enrichment and mineralization4、H2S and other reducing gases, and simultaneously, the porosity is reduced due to obvious compaction effect, and acidic pores are releasedFluid and organic acid can permeate sandstone, so that rock-making minerals in sandstone, such as feldspar, quartz and the like, are corroded and altered in different degrees to generate a large amount of secondary pores, the porosity and permeability of the sand body are greatly improved, a good migration channel and an ore containing space are created for long-term infiltration and transformation of uranium-containing oxygen-containing water and precipitation and enrichment of uranium in the later period, and a large amount of authigenic minerals such as kaolinite, authigenic quartz, carbonatation, pyrite and the like are formed at the same time.
When the ore-bearing layer is lifted to the exposed surface, uranium-bearing oxidation fluid with atmospheric precipitation property from the erosion source region permeates into the interlayer gray sand body from runoff, and a large amount of oxygen can not only oxidize original low-valence iron minerals (pyrite and siderite) in the sandstone into limonite, but also activate metal elements such as uranium in the sand body and enable the metal elements to react with uranyl carbonate ([ UO ])2(CO3)3]4-) The form of the transition provides a uranium source for later uranium ore formation, and the process forms an oxidation zone of an interlayer oxidation zone and limonite in the oxidation zone. With the continuous consumption of oxygen in uranium-bearing oxidizing fluids, with UO2(CO3)3 4-Or hexavalent uranium migrating in the form of an organic complex encounters organic matter, pyrite, and CH4、H2S and other reducing gases, high-valence and activated hexavalent uranium ions can be reduced into low-valence and stable uranium minerals, so that uranium mineralized and uranium ore bodies are formed.
Through the systematic research on the relationship between the fluid activity of the sandstone-type uranium ore in the south edge of the Ili basin and uranium mineralization, the sandstone-type uranium ore in the research area is considered to be organic acid generated by decarboxylation of uranium-containing oxygen-containing water and organic matter with atmospheric precipitation property and associated CH4The comprehensive product of the interaction between the organic acid fluid composed of reducing gas and the ore-containing sandstone constructs a corresponding ore-forming pattern map (figure 3) based on the comprehensive product, and finds out that the uranium ore body is mainly produced at the depletion part (oxidation-reduction transition part) in the uranium-containing oxygenated water. Therefore, the effective identification mark for spatial positioning of the uranium ore body in the region is considered to be the front line before oxidation, and technical support and evaluation basis are provided for follow-up uranium ore exploration.
The present invention has been described in detail with reference to the drawings and examples, but the present invention is not limited to the examples, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention. The prior art can be adopted in the content which is not described in detail in the invention.
Claims (12)
1. A method for comprehensively determining multi-element fluid related to uranium mineralization in sandstone-type uranium ores is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the system collects geological phenomena related to fluid activities in sandstone-type uranium mining areas;
step two: performing a systematic collection of samples related to fluid activity;
step three: manufacturing an optical sheet and a fluid inclusion sheet aiming at the sample collected in the second step;
step four: performing optical slice rock ore identification on the optical slice obtained in the third step, and finding out the alteration characteristics of the sandstone containing the ore bed;
step five: performing fluid inclusion laser Raman spectrum temperature measurement on the optical slice obtained in the fourth step after rock and ore identification;
step six: measuring the stable isotope of the altered mineral for the fluid inclusion obtained in the fifth step;
step seven: and analyzing the geological phenomenon obtained in the fourth step, the Raman spectrum and temperature measurement result of the fluid inclusion obtained in the fifth step and the stable isotope characteristics of the altered minerals obtained in the sixth step, so as to determine the properties, components and sources of the multi-component fluid related to uranium ores in the sandstone uranium ores.
2. The method for integrated determination of multiple fluids related to uranium mineralization in a sandstone-type uranium ore according to claim 1, wherein the geological phenomena related to fluid activity in the first step comprises: the signs of the activity of the rock slurry and the dissipation of oil and gas in the area and the vein body in the mineral-containing layer are studied.
3. The method for integrated determination of multi-element fluids related to uranium mineralization in sandstone-type uranium ores according to claim 2, wherein the systematic collection of the samples related to fluid activity in the second step comprises: sandstone type uranium ores contain sandstone samples of different geochemical zones of the ore bed and geologic phenomenon samples related to fluid activities.
4. The method for comprehensively defining the multi-component fluid related to uranium mineralization in sandstone-type uranium ores according to claim 3, wherein the concrete steps of manufacturing the sandstone light slice and the fluid inclusion slice in the third step comprise: cementing and grinding sandstone samples with different geochemical bands and samples with special phenomena into polished slices by using fir glue; sandstone samples of different geochemical zonation and samples of special phenomena are subjected to 502 cementing grinding to prepare fluid inclusion pieces.
5. The method for integrated determination of multiple fluids associated with uranium mineralization in sandstone-type uranium ores as claimed in claim 4, wherein the rock ore identification of the optical sheets in the fourth step comprises: preliminarily determining the alteration characteristics of the sandstone containing the ore bed, coating carbon on the slice, carrying out fine observation on the coated carbon optical slice, and finely determining the alteration mineral type and characteristics of the sandstone containing the ore bed.
6. The method for comprehensively determining the multi-element fluid related to uranium mineralization in sandstone-type uranium ores as claimed in claim 5, wherein the concrete step of performing laser Raman spectroscopy temperature measurement on the fluid inclusion in the fifth step comprises: identifying inclusion groups suitable for temperature measurement in carbonate cement, quartz secondary enlarged edges and quartz cracks and types of corresponding inclusions, and performing laser Raman spectrum analysis test on the corresponding inclusions; and soaking the inclusion pieces, removing gum, unloading the glass slide, and measuring the uniform temperature of the inclusions by using the selected carbonate cement inclusion group or the secondary inclusion group in quartz secondary augmentation.
7. The method for comprehensively determining the multi-element fluid related to uranium mineralization in sandstone-type uranium ores as claimed in claim 6, wherein in the fifth step, the temperature measuring instrument of the inclusion is a Linkam-THMS600 cold and hot table, and the testing method is a homogeneous method.
8. The method for comprehensive determination of multi-element fluids related to uranium mineralization in sandstone-type uranium ores according to claim 7, wherein the micro-laser Raman spectrometer in step five is of the LABHRVISLABRAM HR800 type.
9. The method for integrated determination of multi-element fluids in connection with uranium mineralization in sandstone-type uranium ores according to claim 8, wherein the step six of altering stable isotopes of minerals comprises the steps of: testing and measuring the C-O isotope of carbonate cement and calcite vein, measuring the H-O isotope of clay mineral and measuring the S isotope of pyrite.
10. The method for integrated determination of multiple fluids involved in uranium mineralization in sandstone-type uranium ores according to claim 9, wherein the method for determining the C-O isotope content of the carbonate binder in step six comprises the specific steps of: removing carbon dust and organic matters in the sample, and extracting CO in the cement carbonate2Gas, CO to be collected2And (6) carrying out testing.
11. The method for comprehensive determination of multi-element fluid related to uranium mineralization in sandstone-type uranium ore according to claim 10, wherein the clay mineral H-O isotope determination method in the sixth step comprises the following specific steps: cleaning and drying a sample, crushing the sample and sieving, putting the sieved part into a beaker, adding distilled water and stirring, taking out the suspension at the upper half part of the beaker after standing, putting the suspension into another beaker, drying the suspension to obtain a clay sample, and analyzing the oxygen isotope composition of clay mineral by a spectrometer; then, water in the clay mineral is taken out by a bursting method, hydrogen is produced by a zinc method, and finally, the hydrogen isotope composition is analyzed by a mass spectrometer.
12. The method for integrated determination of multiple fluids related to uranium mineralization in sandstone-type uranium ores according to claim 11, wherein the method for determining the S isotope of pyrite in the sixth step comprises the following specific steps: crushing and screening a sample, then carrying out flotation by using water, preliminarily extracting pyrite in the sample, and further purifying the pyrite by using heavy liquid; removing the residual impurities, putting the pyrite into an agate pot, grinding into powder, weighing the pyrite powder, and measuring the S isotope of the pyrite by using the powder sample.
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