CN112378641A - Novel integral axle housing performance testing method - Google Patents
Novel integral axle housing performance testing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112378641A CN112378641A CN202011347839.4A CN202011347839A CN112378641A CN 112378641 A CN112378641 A CN 112378641A CN 202011347839 A CN202011347839 A CN 202011347839A CN 112378641 A CN112378641 A CN 112378641A
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 112
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009661 fatigue test Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000036316 preload Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
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- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M17/00—Testing of vehicles
- G01M17/007—Wheeled or endless-tracked vehicles
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Abstract
The invention discloses a novel method for testing the performance of an integral axle housing, which comprises the following steps: transaxle and test system, test system includes portal frame, servo actuator, operating system, iron floor, hydraulic oil source, the transaxle is installed on the portal frame according to actual bearing state, and the force point bears the stress point center of car weight for the axle housing, and the fulcrum is this axle housing wheel base corresponding point, and it should be perpendicular with axle housing central line to apply the load direction during the transaxle installation, and the fulcrum can not be restricted along axle housing central line direction degree of freedom to the not motion interference of adaptation experimental loading deformation. The invention can intuitively and accurately test the vertical bending rigidity, the static strength and the fatigue durability of the rear axle housing, has simple equipment operation, can continuously and uninterruptedly work, can improve the working efficiency of detection personnel, has clear test result display, and can more quickly find the quality problem of parts for the detection personnel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of drive axle testing, in particular to a novel integral axle housing performance testing method.
Background
The automobile drive axle is one of the main assemblies in the automobile transmission system, is connected with the automobile frame through a suspension, and is provided with automobile wheels at two ends, so that the acting force in all directions between the automobile frame and the wheels and the bending moment and the torque generated by the acting force can be transmitted. Therefore, the parts of the drive axle must have sufficient static strength, rigidity, fatigue strength, good manufacturability, proper material, heat treatment and the like to ensure reliable work of the parts.
The axle housing is a vehicle body part with a very complicated structure and shape. The driving conditions of the automobile are variable, so that the stress state of the driving axle housing is very complicated. In order to ensure the reliability of the axle housing work, several axle housing sample pieces are generally randomly extracted on a production line to carry out a bench test on the rigidity, the static strength and the bending fatigue strength of the axle housing sample pieces. Whether the axle housing is qualified or not is checked by verifying whether the test result meets the corresponding specification or not. For this reason, a new scheme needs to be designed to give improvements.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a novel method for testing the performance of an integral axle housing, which solves the problems in the background art and meets the actual use requirements.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a novel integral axle housing performance testing method comprises the following steps: the test system comprises a portal frame, a servo actuator, an operating system, an iron floor and a hydraulic oil source, wherein the drive axle is arranged on the portal frame according to an actual bearing state, a force point is the center of a stress point of an axle housing bearing the weight of an automobile, a fulcrum is a corresponding point of a wheel track of the axle housing, the direction of a load applied when the drive axle is arranged is vertical to the central line of an axle housing shaft tube, and the degree of freedom of the fulcrum along the central line direction of the axle housing shaft tube cannot be limited so as to adapt to the loading deformation of a test and not to cause motion interference;
the servo actuator comprises an oil cylinder main body, a force sensor, an electromagnetic valve, a hinge joint and a displacement sensor, two ends of the servo actuator adopt three-dimensional gapless joint supports, the damage of lateral force from a tested piece to the actuator is reduced to the maximum extent, the joint supports can be adjusted after bearing gaps are worn, and the flexible operation of a test system is ensured;
the hydraulic oil source is a constant-pressure oil source, the pump station is designed and manufactured according to a standard modular unit, the performance is stable, and the hydraulic oil source consists of an oil tank, a motor, an oil pump, an overflow valve, an electromagnetic valve, an energy accumulator and a filter.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the bending static stiffness test is to preload the sample to a full load shaft load for 2-3 times after the sample is installed, and to carry out formal measurement after the sample is unloaded.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the flexural strength is continuously slowly loaded, once loaded to failure, without repetition in between, and the failure load is recorded.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the vertical bending fatigue test is that after a test piece is installed, the test piece is preloaded to the maximum test load for 3 times, the test is started after being unloaded, the minimum test load is 0.05-0.1 times of full-load shaft load, the maximum test load is 2.0 times of full-load shaft load of a tractor axle housing, the test frequency is 2 Hz-8 Hz, finally, the test load is controlled by an instrument and a test device, and the cycle number specified by the technical requirement is monitored or the axle housing is damaged; the number of cycles at the end of the test was recorded, as well as the condition of the sample.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an axle housing vertical bending rigidity test: the method comprises the steps of loading the vehicle axle to a pre-loading value, slowly loading the vehicle axle to a rated loading value, unloading the vehicle axle, repeatedly measuring the numerical value of the displacement point below each vehicle axle and recording the displacement value of the maximum loading value, and obtaining the average value of the displacement point after test introduction.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the axle housing vertical bending static strength test comprises the following steps: the two loading cylinders are loaded to a set value and then loaded to the maximum displacement value of the axle breakage by using a displacement loading mode, the maximum failure load is recorded, and the loading displacement value is required to be larger than the value of the axle breakage when being set, otherwise, the maximum failure load value of the axle breakage cannot be recorded.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the test procedure is as follows:
s1, firstly, a servo hydraulic test bed is built, the line connection of all parts is checked, then the automobile axle housing is fixed on a clamp on the iron flat plate, and whether potentially dangerous articles are stored on the mounting rack is checked.
S2, confirming that the emergency stop button is in a pull-up state;
s3, entering a 'system' to check whether the parameter settings conform to the current installation test piece, and checking whether the 'system parameters and protection settings' are reasonable;
s4, entering a task to select the model of the current test piece, and checking whether the setting of each test parameter is reasonable;
s5, clicking the 'start test' on the test item interface to select the test item;
when the test is completed or the user stops, the system automatically saves the number of times the test is completed and the curve data S6.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention can intuitively and accurately test the vertical bending rigidity, the static strength and the fatigue durability of the rear axle housing. The equipment is simple to operate, continuous work can be realized, the working efficiency of detection personnel can be improved, the test result can be displayed clearly, and the quality problem of parts can be found for the detection personnel more quickly.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a novel axle housing performance testing method in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the novel axle housing performance testing system of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the positions of the force point, the fulcrum and the measuring point in the vertical bending rigidity test of the present invention.
In the figure, 1, a portal frame; 2. a servo actuator; 3. a source of hydraulic oil; 4. an operating system; 5. a hydraulic oil connecting pipeline; 6. an iron floor; 7. a drive axle.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-3, the present invention provides a technical solution: a novel integral axle housing performance testing method comprises the following steps: the testing system comprises a portal frame 1, a servo actuator 2, an operating system 4, an iron floor 6 and a hydraulic oil source 3, wherein the driving axle 7 is installed on the portal frame 1 in an actual bearing state, a force point is the center of a stress point of an axle housing bearing the weight of an automobile, a fulcrum is a corresponding point of a wheel span of the axle housing, the direction of applying load when the driving axle 7 is installed is vertical to the central line of the axle housing shaft tube, and the degree of freedom of the fulcrum along the central line direction of the axle housing shaft tube cannot be limited so as to adapt to the loading deformation of a test and not to cause movement interference;
the servo actuator 2 comprises an oil cylinder main body, a force sensor, an electromagnetic valve, a hinge joint and a displacement sensor, three-dimensional gapless joint supports are adopted at two ends of the servo actuator 2, damage to the servo actuator from lateral force of a tested piece is reduced to the maximum extent, the joint supports can be adjusted after bearing clearance abrasion, and the flexible operation of a test system is guaranteed. The hydraulic oil source 3 is a constant-pressure oil source, the pump station is designed and manufactured according to a standard modular unit, the performance is stable, and the pump station consists of an oil tank, a motor, an oil pump, an overflow valve, an electromagnetic valve, an energy accumulator and a filter. The hydraulic oil source 3 is connected with the servo actuator 2 through a hydraulic oil connecting pipeline 5
The hydraulic oil source is a constant-pressure oil source, the pump station is designed and manufactured according to a standard modular unit, the performance is stable, and the hydraulic oil source consists of an oil tank, a motor, an oil pump, an overflow valve, an electromagnetic valve, an energy accumulator and a filter. The hydraulic oil source has the following characteristics:
the system is provided with a high-precision filtering system, so that the servo valve is ensured to work in a high-cleanliness environment;
the valve group adopts the mature combination technology of an electromagnetic valve, an overflow valve and a throttle valve to perform high-low pressure soft switching (automatically controlled by software). High pressure is used during loading, and low pressure is used during clamping of a test piece;
and the mute design is adopted, so that the structure is compact and the occupied area is small. The sound insulation pump room is not required to be additionally built, and the hydraulic system can be directly placed in a common test room, so that the capital construction cost can be effectively saved;
the pump station has the functions of detection and alarm protection such as temperature, liquid level, pressure, blockage, liquid level signals, overload thermal protection circuit breaker and the like; the automatic stopping device can automatically stop working under the abnormal condition, so that the safety of equipment is ensured;
the hydraulic oil source 3 adopts an energy-saving design scheme, so that the energy consumption can be saved to the maximum extent. Under the working condition of low power output, the variable output can be self-adapted, and the energy consumption of the system is reduced. The comprehensive energy saving is more than 60%. The use cost is greatly saved;
be equipped with brazing sheet formula water-cooling heat exchanger, satisfy the heat transfer demand under the extreme condition. The flow rate of the cooling water can be automatically adjusted, thereby reducing the unnecessary consumption of the cooling water and achieving the purpose of energy conservation. Meanwhile, the temperature of the oil in the system can be controlled;
the oil source has a remote control function, and can be controlled by a soft remote controller in a control room, the pump station is started and stopped, and pressure is switched, so that experimenters do not need to operate in a pit.
In a further improvement mode, the bending static stiffness test is to pre-load the sample to a full-load shaft load for 2-3 times after the sample is installed, and formal measurement is carried out after the sample is unloaded.
Further improved, the bending strength is continuously and slowly loaded, one-time loading is carried out until the bending strength is damaged, the middle is not repeated, and the failure load is recorded.
In a further improvement, the vertical bending fatigue test is that after a test piece is installed, the test piece is preloaded to the maximum test load for 3 times, the test is started after being unloaded, the minimum test load is 0.05-0.1 times of full-load shaft load, the maximum test load is 2.0 times of full-load shaft load of a tractor axle housing, the test frequency is 2 Hz-8 Hz, finally, the test load is controlled by an instrument and a test device, and the cycle frequency specified by the technical requirements is monitored or the axle housing is damaged; the number of cycles at the end of the test was recorded, as well as the condition of the sample.
Further improved, the axle housing vertical bending rigidity test: the method comprises the steps of loading the vehicle axle to a pre-loading value, slowly loading the vehicle axle to a rated loading value, unloading the vehicle axle, repeatedly measuring the numerical value of the displacement point below each vehicle axle and recording the displacement value of the maximum loading value, and obtaining the average value of the displacement point after test introduction.
Further improved, the axle housing vertical bending static strength test: the two loading cylinders are loaded to a set value and then loaded to the maximum displacement value of the axle breakage by using a displacement loading mode, the maximum failure load is recorded, and the loading displacement value is required to be larger than the value of the axle breakage when being set, otherwise, the maximum failure load value of the axle breakage cannot be recorded.
The electrical equipment mainly comprises an industrial personal computer, a servo card or a PLC (programmable logic controller) as a main control system. The industrial computer is provided with software, the customized program is used for driving the board card to acquire AD analog quantity and DI switching value states, the DA analog quantity and the DO switching value states are output through logic judgment, and the solid-state relay is used for amplifying so as to control hardware switches such as a contactor. For servo control, an ethernet control servo card is mainly used to drive a servo valve to achieve the purpose of program control. The servo card can respond to displacement and force signals of the oil cylinder more quickly, and particularly has better control on high frequency and high amplitude. The servo card has an anti-interference function and can be used in a complex and severe industrial environment, 18-bit high-precision AD acquisition is used for analog acquisition, 16-bit DA output is used for analog output, and the servo card has high input and output signal precision and resolution and has perfect protection and alarm functions.
In order to prevent the test bed from being powered off suddenly outside in the operation process, the equipment is provided with the uninterrupted UPS, so that the equipment damage and data loss caused under the condition of sudden power failure can be prevented. The equipment has the functions of leakage protection and overcurrent protection, prevents the equipment from aging or the leakage protection in a salt spray service environment, and timely disconnects the contactor under the condition of motor overload. The electric appliance cabinet uses the metal casing to prevent the collision from damaging the internal electric appliances, and has the function of electromagnetic interference resistance.
The man-machine conversation is visual and simple, the operation is convenient, and the interaction is realized through a keyboard and a mouse. The number, size and layout of the inner wires of the control cabinet accord with the universal wiring standard in the industry, and the problem of faults is conveniently checked and processed during maintenance. The measurement indication of mechanical components and devices of the test bed, the display of data processing results such as software interfaces and the like are all displayed by adopting the international system of units (SI) and Chinese. The key control line is provided with a shield to avoid the mutual interference of other equipment and the control signal of the test bed.
Specifically, the test procedure was as follows:
s1, firstly, a servo hydraulic test bed is built, the line connection of all parts is checked, then the automobile axle housing is fixed on a clamp on the iron flat plate, and whether potentially dangerous articles are stored on the mounting rack is checked.
S2, confirming that the emergency stop button is in a pull-up state;
s3, entering a 'system' to check whether the parameter settings conform to the current installation test piece, and checking whether the 'system parameters and protection settings' are reasonable;
s4, entering a task to select the model of the current test piece, and checking whether the setting of each test parameter is reasonable;
s5, clicking the 'start test' on the test item interface to select the test item;
when the test is completed or the user stops, the system automatically saves the number of times the test is completed and the curve data S6.
The method comprises the steps of loading the vehicle axle to a pre-loading value, slowly loading the vehicle axle to a rated loading value, unloading the vehicle axle, repeatedly measuring the numerical value of the displacement point below each vehicle axle and recording the displacement value of the maximum loading value, and obtaining the average value of the displacement point after test introduction.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A novel integral axle housing performance testing method comprises the following steps: transaxle (7) and test system, its characterized in that: the testing system comprises a portal frame (1), a servo actuator (2), an operating system (4), an iron floor (6) and a hydraulic oil source (3), wherein a driving axle (7) is installed on the portal frame (1) according to an actual bearing state, a force point is the center of a stress point of an axle housing bearing the weight of an automobile, a fulcrum is a corresponding point of a wheel span of the axle housing, a load applying direction is vertical to the central line of the axle housing shaft tube when the driving axle (7) is installed, and the degree of freedom of the fulcrum along the central line direction of the axle housing shaft tube cannot be limited so as to adapt to test loading deformation and not cause movement interference;
the servo actuator (2) comprises an oil cylinder main body, a force sensor, an electromagnetic valve, a hinge joint and a displacement sensor, two ends of the servo actuator (2) adopt three-dimensional gapless joint supports, so that the damage of lateral force from a tested piece to the actuator is reduced to the maximum extent, the joint supports can be adjusted after bearing gaps are worn, and the flexible operation of a test system is ensured;
the hydraulic oil source (3) is a constant-pressure oil source, the pump station is designed and manufactured according to a standard modular unit, the performance is stable, and the pump station consists of an oil tank, a motor, an oil pump, an overflow valve, an electromagnetic valve, an energy accumulator and a filter.
2. The novel integral axle housing performance testing method of claim 1, characterized in that: the bending static stiffness test is to pre-load the sample to a full load shaft load for 2-3 times after the sample is installed, and carry out formal measurement after the sample is unloaded.
3. The novel integral axle housing performance testing method of claim 1, characterized in that: the bending strength is continuously and slowly loaded, one-time loading is carried out until the bending strength is damaged, the middle part cannot be repeated, and the failure load is recorded.
4. The novel integral axle housing performance testing method of claim 1, characterized in that: the vertical bending fatigue test is that after a test piece is installed, the test piece is preloaded to the maximum test load for 3 times, the test is started after being unloaded, the minimum test load is 0.05-0.1 time of full-load shaft load, the maximum test load is 2.0 times of full-load shaft load of a tractor axle housing, the test frequency is 2 Hz-8 Hz, finally, the test load is controlled by an instrument and a test device, and the cycle number specified by the technical requirement is monitored or the axle housing is damaged; the number of cycles at the end of the test was recorded, as well as the condition of the sample.
5. The novel integral axle housing performance testing method of claim 1, characterized in that: and (3) testing the vertical bending rigidity of the axle housing: the method comprises the steps of loading the vehicle axle to a pre-loading value, slowly loading the vehicle axle to a rated loading value, unloading the vehicle axle, repeatedly measuring the numerical value of the displacement point below each vehicle axle and recording the displacement value of the maximum loading value, and obtaining the average value of the displacement point after test introduction.
6. The novel integral axle housing performance testing method of claim 1, characterized in that: and (3) testing the vertical bending static strength of the axle housing: the two loading cylinders are loaded to a set value and then loaded to the maximum displacement value of the axle breakage by using a displacement loading mode, the maximum failure load is recorded, and the loading displacement value is required to be larger than the value of the axle breakage when being set, otherwise, the maximum failure load value of the axle breakage cannot be recorded.
7. The novel integral axle housing performance testing method of claim 1, characterized in that: the test operation steps are as follows:
s1, firstly, a servo hydraulic test bed is built, the line connection of all parts is checked, then the automobile axle housing is fixed on a clamp on the iron flat plate, and whether potentially dangerous articles are stored on the mounting rack is checked.
S2, confirming that the emergency stop button is in a pull-up state;
s3, entering a 'system' to check whether the parameter settings conform to the current installation test piece, and checking whether the 'system parameters and protection settings' are reasonable;
s4, entering a task to select the model of the current test piece, and checking whether the setting of each test parameter is reasonable;
s5, clicking the 'start test' on the test item interface to select the test item;
when the test is completed or the user stops, the system automatically saves the number of times the test is completed and the curve data S6.
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| CN202011347839.4A CN112378641A (en) | 2020-11-26 | 2020-11-26 | Novel integral axle housing performance testing method |
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| CN202011347839.4A CN112378641A (en) | 2020-11-26 | 2020-11-26 | Novel integral axle housing performance testing method |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113607423A (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2021-11-05 | 神龙汽车有限公司 | Aircraft hood assembly endurance test method based on aerodynamic fatigue load |
| CN113820112A (en) * | 2021-09-16 | 2021-12-21 | 常州格林电力机械制造有限公司 | Performance test method of valve pin type bolt stretching leveling device |
| CN115060485A (en) * | 2022-08-04 | 2022-09-16 | 江苏三志制动器有限公司 | Static strength detection device for automobile brake |
| CN118090245A (en) * | 2024-04-23 | 2024-05-28 | 中汽研汽车检验中心(武汉)有限公司 | Spool axle assembly performance test bench and test method thereof |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113607423A (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2021-11-05 | 神龙汽车有限公司 | Aircraft hood assembly endurance test method based on aerodynamic fatigue load |
| CN113820112A (en) * | 2021-09-16 | 2021-12-21 | 常州格林电力机械制造有限公司 | Performance test method of valve pin type bolt stretching leveling device |
| CN115060485A (en) * | 2022-08-04 | 2022-09-16 | 江苏三志制动器有限公司 | Static strength detection device for automobile brake |
| CN118090245A (en) * | 2024-04-23 | 2024-05-28 | 中汽研汽车检验中心(武汉)有限公司 | Spool axle assembly performance test bench and test method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20210219 |
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