CN112377896A - Circulating fluidized bed boiler for pure combustion of high-sodium potassium fuel and operation method thereof - Google Patents

Circulating fluidized bed boiler for pure combustion of high-sodium potassium fuel and operation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112377896A
CN112377896A CN202011269147.2A CN202011269147A CN112377896A CN 112377896 A CN112377896 A CN 112377896A CN 202011269147 A CN202011269147 A CN 202011269147A CN 112377896 A CN112377896 A CN 112377896A
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China
Prior art keywords
flue
fluidized bed
flue gas
circulating fluidized
bed boiler
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CN202011269147.2A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李果
杨雪芬
鲁佳易
邓启刚
吴朝刚
杨虎
巩李明
李维成
苏虎
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Dongfang Boiler Group Co Ltd
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Dongfang Boiler Group Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202011269147.2A priority Critical patent/CN112377896A/en
Publication of CN112377896A publication Critical patent/CN112377896A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
    • F23C10/02—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed
    • F23C10/04—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone
    • F23C10/08—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone characterised by the arrangement of separation apparatus, e.g. cyclones, for separating particles from the flue gases
    • F23C10/10—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone characterised by the arrangement of separation apparatus, e.g. cyclones, for separating particles from the flue gases the separation apparatus being located outside the combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
    • F23C10/18—Details; Accessories
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
    • F23C10/18—Details; Accessories
    • F23C10/24—Devices for removal of material from the bed
    • F23C10/26—Devices for removal of material from the bed combined with devices for partial reintroduction of material into the bed, e.g. after separation of agglomerated parts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
    • F23C10/18—Details; Accessories
    • F23C10/28—Control devices specially adapted for fluidised bed, combustion apparatus
    • F23C10/30—Control devices specially adapted for fluidised bed, combustion apparatus for controlling the level of the bed or the amount of material in the bed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2206/00—Fluidised bed combustion
    • F23C2206/10—Circulating fluidised bed

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a circulating fluidized bed boiler for pure combustion of high sodium potassium fuel and an operation method thereof, wherein the circulating fluidized bed boiler comprises: a hearth; the separation feed back unit is connected with a flue gas outlet of the hearth and is used for separating and returning materials in the flue gas; the steam cooling flue is connected with a flue gas outlet of the separation feed back unit and is divided into two parts in the width direction to form a downlink steam cooling flue and an uplink steam cooling flue which are arranged in parallel and communicated, the downlink steam cooling flue is an empty flue, and at least a water cooling tube bundle is arranged in the uplink steam cooling flue; and the tail vertical shaft flue is connected with a flue gas outlet of the ascending steam cooling flue. The running method adopts the circulating fluidized bed boiler which is used for purely burning the high-sodium potassium fuel. According to the invention, the pollution of the heating surface can be reduced by controlling the temperature of the smoke at the inlet of the tail superheater, so that the pure burning of the high-sodium potassium fuel is realized, and the large-scale development and utilization of the Xinjiang coal and the energy development of Xinjiang are assisted.

Description

Circulating fluidized bed boiler for pure combustion of high-sodium potassium fuel and operation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of circulating fluidized bed boilers, in particular to a circulating fluidized bed boiler for pure combustion of high-sodium potassium fuel and an operation method thereof.
Background
Xinjiang Uygur autonomous area is at northwest edge of China, has a total area of 166 kilometers squared, occupies about one sixth of the total land area in China, has a predicted coal resource amount of 2.19 trillion tons, occupies 40.6 percent of the total coal resource in China, and is located at the head of China. The Xinjiang coal resource has good overall endowment conditions, thick coal layer and low development cost, and according to the distribution of the Xinjiang coal resource and the development strategy of the Xinjiang coal resource, the Xinjiang plans four coal fields of east, Tuha, Ku-Bai and Yili as main bases of Xinjiang coal power and 'West coal east transportation'.
The quasi-east coal field is the largest whole coal field in China in Xinjiang, and the quasi-east refers to a narrow and long zone from the Fukang city to the Muramaozak autonomous county in the east of the quasi-Sagnac basin, and east and west are about 220 kilometers long. The predicted reserve of the east China coal field reaches 3900 hundred million tons, the accumulated and proven coal resource reserve is 2136 hundred million tons at present, and the finished coal area of the coal field is 1.4 thousand square kilometers, so that the coal field is the largest integral coal field in China at present.
The eastern Junggar coal belongs to excellent power coal with ultra-low ash content, ultra-low sulfur, high calorific value (high calorific value) and low metamorphism degree, but because of coal formation history and natural geographical environment, the eastern Junggar coal is high-sodium potassium fuel and has extremely strong contamination and slagging characteristics, while the existing pulverized coal furnace and circulating fluidized bed boiler technology do not solve the problems of water-cooled wall slagging of the boiler, contamination and ash accumulation on convection heating surfaces, and the safety, stability and continuous operation of the boiler are seriously influenced and restricted.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides the circulating fluidized bed boiler suitable for pure burning of the high-sodium potassium fuel, which can reduce the contamination of a heating surface by controlling the temperature of smoke at the inlet of the tail superheater, realize the pure burning of the high-sodium potassium fuel and assist the large-scale development and utilization of the Xinjiang fuel coal and the energy development of the Xinjiang.
To this end, an aspect of the present invention provides a circulating fluidized bed boiler purely combusting a high sodium potassium fuel, the circulating fluidized bed boiler comprising:
a hearth;
the separation feed back unit is connected with a flue gas outlet of the hearth and is used for separating and returning materials in the flue gas;
the steam cooling flue is connected with a flue gas outlet of the separation feed back unit and is divided into two parts in the width direction to form a downlink steam cooling flue and an uplink steam cooling flue which are arranged in parallel and communicated, the downlink steam cooling flue is an empty flue, and at least a water cooling tube bundle is arranged in the uplink steam cooling flue;
and the tail vertical shaft flue is connected with a flue gas outlet of the ascending steam cooling flue.
According to one embodiment of the circulating fluidized bed boiler for pure combustion of the high-sodium potassium fuel, a hydraulic soot blower is arranged in the downward steam-cooling flue, and the hydraulic soot blower can spray water to remove ash on the wall of the pipe.
According to an embodiment of the circulating fluidized bed boiler for pure combustion of high sodium potassium fuel, the ascending steam-cooling flue further comprises a superheater heating surface arranged at the downstream of the water-cooling tube bundle, and the bottom of the steam-cooling flue is provided with an ash collecting and releasing device.
According to one embodiment of the circulating fluidized bed boiler for pure combustion of the high sodium potassium fuel, the hearth is of a full-film water-cooled wall structure and is provided with a coal supply port, a material return port and a slag discharge port, a heating surface in the boiler is arranged in the hearth, and an air chamber formed by bending water-cooled wall tubes is arranged at the bottom of the hearth.
According to one embodiment of the pure high sodium potassium fuel fired circulating fluidized bed boiler according to the invention, the plenum is connected to at least two under-bed ignition air ducts, each of which is provided with an ignition device for heating the bed material.
According to one embodiment of the circulating fluidized bed boiler for pure combustion of high sodium potassium fuel of the present invention, the separation and return unit comprises a cyclone separator and a return device connected with a material outlet of the cyclone separator, and the return device is connected with the furnace chamber through a return port of the furnace chamber.
According to an embodiment of the circulating fluidized bed boiler for pure combustion of high sodium potassium fuel, the tail vertical shaft flue is of an adiabatic structure, wherein a high-temperature-level economizer heating surface, an SCR denitration unit, a low-temperature-level economizer heating surface and an air preheater heating surface are sequentially arranged along the flow direction of flue gas, and a hot air outlet of the air preheater heating surface is connected with the ignition air duct and the hearth through pipelines.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for operating a circulating fluidized bed boiler burning high sodium and potassium fuel, which uses the circulating fluidized bed boiler burning high sodium and potassium fuel.
According to one embodiment of the operation method of the circulating fluidized bed boiler for pure combustion of the high-sodium-potassium fuel, the high-sodium-potassium fuel is added into a hearth, the fluidization speed of the hearth is controlled to be 5-5.5 m/s, the combustion temperature is controlled to be 860-880 ℃, wherein the high-sodium-potassium fuel refers to sodium oxide (Na) in coal ash in percentage by mass2O) content of more than 3% or equivalent sodium oxide (Na)2O+0.66*K2O) a fuel having a content of more than 3%;
separating the materials in the flue gas by using a separation feed back unit;
controlling the temperature of the flue gas to be reduced to 650-700 ℃ through a descending steam cooling flue, controlling the temperature of the flue gas to be reduced to be within 650 ℃ and within 450 ℃ through an ascending steam cooling flue, and controlling the speed of the flue gas to be 6-10 m/s;
the temperature of the flue gas is controlled to be reduced to below 130 ℃ through a tail vertical shaft flue, the highest flue gas speed is controlled to be not more than 15m/s, and the flue gas is discharged.
According to one embodiment of the method for operating a circulating fluidized bed boiler for pure combustion of high sodium potassium fuel according to the present invention, the material collected by the separate feed back unit is returned to the furnace and the ash collected in the steam-cooled flue is discharged.
The invention provides a circulating fluidized bed boiler purely burning high-sodium potassium fuel and an operation method thereof, which can realize commercial operation of a full-burning high-sodium potassium coal unit, well solve the problems of ash deposition, slagging and corrosion of the circulating fluidized bed boiler burning the purely burning high-sodium potassium fuel, ensure the reliability of continuous operation of the boiler, lay a technical foundation for developing and researching a CFB boiler for the eastern Junggar coal with larger capacity, and further be expected to meet the requirement of large-scale development of the eastern Junggar coal.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural view of a pure high sodium potassium fuel fired circulating fluidized bed boiler according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1-an ignition air duct, 2-an air chamber, 3-a coal supply port, 4-a pipeline, 5-a hearth, 6-a hearth outlet flue, 7-a cyclone separator, 8-a material returning device, 9-a downward steam cooling flue, 10-a water cooling tube bundle, 11-a superheater heating surface, 12-a high-temperature economizer heating surface, 13-an SCR denitration unit, 14-a low-temperature economizer heating surface, 15-an air preheater heating surface, 16-an ignition device, 17-an ash collecting and releasing device, 18-a furnace heating surface and 19-a hydraulic soot blower.
Detailed Description
All of the features disclosed in this specification, or all of the steps in any method or process so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations of features and/or steps that are mutually exclusive.
Any feature disclosed in this specification may be replaced by alternative features serving equivalent or similar purposes, unless expressly stated otherwise. That is, unless expressly stated otherwise, each feature is only an example of a generic series of equivalent or similar features.
Based on the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a circulating fluidized bed boiler suitable for pure combustion of high-sodium potassium fuel, wherein the high-sodium potassium fuel refers to sodium oxide (Na) in coal ash in percentage by mass2O) content of more than 3% or equivalent sodium oxide (Na)2O+0.66*K2O) greater than 3%, including but not limited to eastern Junggar coal.
The present invention will be described in detail with respect to a circulating fluidized bed boiler that is purely fired with high sodium potassium fuel.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural view of a pure high sodium potassium fuel fired circulating fluidized bed boiler according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the circulating fluidized bed boiler includes a furnace 5, a separation feed back unit, a steam-cooled flue 9, and a tail shaft flue, which are sequentially arranged along a flue gas flow direction, and high-temperature flue gas generated after high sodium potassium fuel is combusted in the furnace 5 is discharged after passing through the separation feed back unit, the steam-cooled flue 9, and the tail shaft flue.
The hearth 5 of the invention is preferably a full-film water-cooled wall structure, a heating surface in the hearth (comprising a heating surface of a water-cooled tube panel and a heating surface of a superheater), a coal supply port and a secondary air port are arranged on the front wall of the hearth along the width direction, wherein the hearth is connected with a coal supply device 3 through the coal supply port, the secondary air port is connected with an air preheater generating hot secondary air through a secondary air pipeline 4, an air chamber 2 formed by bending water-cooled wall tubes is arranged at the bottom of the hearth 5, the air chamber 2 is connected with at least two under-bed ignition air channels 1, and each ignition air channel 1 is provided with an ignition device 16 for heating bed materials. In addition, a material return port, a secondary air port, a slag discharge port and the like are arranged on the rear wall of the hearth along the width direction.
The separation feed back unit is connected with a flue gas outlet of the hearth 5 and is used for separating solid particle materials in the high-temperature flue gas and returning the separated solid particle materials to the hearth 5. The separating and returning unit comprises a cyclone separator 7 and a material returning device 8 connected with a material outlet of the cyclone separator 7, and the material returning device 9 is connected with the hearth 5 through a material returning port of the hearth 5. Preferably, the cyclone separators are arranged in a steel frame, and a material return device 8 is arranged at the lower end of each cyclone separator 7.
The steam cooling flue is arranged at the downstream of the separation feed back unit and is connected with the flue gas outlet of the separation feed back unit. In order to slow down the contamination and dust deposition of the tail heating surface of the pure-combustion high-sodium potassium fuel, the pure-combustion high-sodium potassium fuel is divided into two parts in the width direction to form a downstream steam cooling flue 9 and an upstream steam cooling flue which are arranged in parallel and communicated, wherein in order to avoid a contamination temperature interval, the downstream steam cooling flue 9 is arranged as an air flue, the temperature of the flue gas of the downstream steam cooling flue 9 can be reduced to exceed 120 ℃, and the temperature of the flue gas can be reduced to a range of 650 plus 700 ℃; at least a water-cooling tube bundle 10 is arranged in the upward steam-cooling flue, so that the temperature of the flue gas is further reduced to be within 650 ℃, the problem of contamination and slagging of the convection heating surface at the tail part can be solved, and the safe, stable and long-term operation of the circulating fluidized bed boiler which is purely fired with high sodium and potassium fuels is realized.
As shown in figure 1, a hydraulic soot blower 19 is further arranged in the downward steam-cooling flue of the invention, the hydraulic soot blower 19 can spray water to remove ash on the pipe wall, and an ash collecting and releasing device 17 is arranged at the bottom of the steam-cooling flue. The hydraulic soot blower can ensure that the ash stained on the pipe wall is broken and falls off after the volume of the ash is expanded in the process of rapid expansion of water after being heated, and then the ash is collected by the ash collecting and releasing device 17 and then discharged and conveyed to the ash warehouse. In addition, the upstream steam-cooling flue also comprises a superheater heating surface 11 arranged at the downstream of the water-cooling tube bundle 10, and through the optimization and improvement of the structure, the temperature of the flue gas passing through the superheater heating surface is reduced to 450 ℃, so that the contamination and slagging of the heating surface are further reduced.
The tail vertical shaft flue is connected with a flue gas outlet of the ascending steam cooling flue, and flue gas with the temperature of below 450 ℃ after passing through the ascending steam cooling flue directly enters the tail vertical shaft flue to further exchange heat with a heating surface and reduce the temperature, and then is discharged. The tail vertical shaft flue is preferably of a heat insulation structure, a high-temperature-level economizer heating surface 12, an SCR denitration unit 13, a low-temperature-level economizer heating surface 14 and an air preheater heating surface 15 are sequentially arranged along the flow direction of flue gas, when reaching the tail outlet of the boiler, the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to about 130 ℃, and the combustion utilization of the high-sodium potassium fuel is smoothly and completely realized. Wherein, the hot air outlet of the heating surface 15 of the air preheater is connected with the ignition air duct 1 and the hearth 5 through the pipeline 4, and can be specifically connected with the secondary air port and the coal feeding port of the hearth 5.
The invention also provides an operation method of the circulating fluidized bed boiler for pure combustion of the high-sodium potassium fuel.
Specifically, adding high-sodium potassium fuel into a hearth, and controlling the fluidizing speed of the hearth to be 5-5.5 m/s and the combustion temperature to be 860-880 ℃; separating the materials in the flue gas by using a separation feed back unit, and preferably returning the materials collected by the separation feed back unit to the hearth; controlling the temperature of the flue gas to be reduced to 650-700 ℃ through a downward steam cooling flue, controlling the temperature of the flue gas to be successively reduced to be within 650 ℃ and within 450 ℃ through an upward steam cooling flue, controlling the speed of the flue gas to be 6-10 m/s, and further preferably discharging ash collected in the steam cooling flue; the temperature of the flue gas is controlled to be reduced to below 130 ℃ through a tail vertical shaft flue, the highest flue gas speed is controlled to be not more than 15m/s, and the flue gas is discharged. Wherein the high-sodium potassium fuel refers to sodium oxide (Na) in coal ash in percentage by mass2O) content of more than 3% or equivalent sodium oxide (Na)2O+0.66*K2O) is greater than 3%.
Therefore, through the improvement of the circulating fluidized bed boiler and the control of the operation method, the combustion utilization of high sodium-potassium coal, especially Xinjiang east coal and other coal types can be realized, the problems of ash accumulation, slag bonding and corrosion of the circulating fluidized bed boiler in the process of combusting pure high sodium-potassium fuel are well solved, and the reliability of the continuous operation of the boiler is ensured.
The operation of the present invention is further described below.
Air from a primary fan is heated by an air preheater, then sequentially passes through an ignition air duct 1 and an air chamber 2, and then enters a hearth 5 through an air cap on an air distribution plate to fluidize bed materials and form a gas-solid two-phase flow which upwards passes through the hearth. In order to ensure enough combustion residence time, the speed of the cross section of the hearth is 5-5.5 m/s. The high sodium potassium fuel crushed into 0-13 mm is sent into a dense phase zone at the lower part of a hearth from a coal feeding port 3 arranged on a front wall and is fluidized with airThe high-temperature bed material is fully mixed and combusted, a proper primary air and secondary air proportion (45 percent of primary air) is controlled, a proper hearth water-cooled wall and a proper heating surface 18 in the furnace are arranged, the hearth temperature is controlled to be 860-880 ℃ through the matching of combustion and heat transfer, alkali metal separation is reduced, contamination in the furnace and the tail part is reduced, NOx emission is reduced, an optimal desulfurization temperature interval is ensured, and SO is reduced2And (5) discharging.
Flue gas generated by combustion carries a large amount of bed materials to be turned through the furnace top, passes through 2-4 flue gas outlets (which can be set as 2) positioned at the upper part of the rear wall water-cooled wall, and respectively enters a cyclone separator 7 through a hearth outlet flue 6 to carry out gas-solid separation. In order to ensure the separation efficiency, the inlet smoke velocity of the cyclone separator is 25-30 m/s, the section ascending velocity of the cyclone separator is 5-7 m/s, and a large amount of coarse particles are returned to the hearth 5 through the material returning device 8 for recycling. And the separated clean flue gas containing a small amount of fly ash is led out from the central cylinder of the cyclone separator and then enters a downstream steam cooling flue 9 of the steam cooling flue, no heating surface is arranged in the downstream steam cooling flue 9, the temperature of the flue gas in the downstream steam cooling flue 9 is reduced to 650-700 ℃, and the flue gas taking speed is 6-10 m/s. In order to ensure the long-term operation of the unit, a hydraulic soot blower 19 is arranged in the downward steam cooling flue 9, so that in the process that ash stained on the pipe wall is heated and rapidly expanded by water, the volume of the ash is expanded, then the ash is crushed and falls off, and then the ash is discharged and conveyed to an ash warehouse through an ash collecting and discharging device 17.
Then, the flue gas enters an ascending steam-cooling flue in sequence, a water-cooling tube bundle 10 is firstly arranged in the steam-cooling ascending flue, and the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to 650 ℃ after the flue gas passes through the water-cooling tube bundle 10. Then the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to 450 ℃ after the flue gas passes through the region of the superheater heating surface 1 of the steam cooling ascending flue.
And finally, the flue gas enters a tail vertical shaft flue adopting a heat insulation structure, and a high-temperature economizer heating surface 12, a reserved SCR denitration unit 13, a low-temperature economizer heating surface 14 and an air preheater heating surface 1 are sequentially arranged along the flow direction of the flue gas. The highest tail flue gas velocity is controlled not to exceed 15m/s, and when the tail flue gas reaches the outlet of the boiler, the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to about 130 ℃, so that the combustion utilization of the high-sodium potassium fuel is smoothly and completely realized.
The invention is not limited to the foregoing embodiments. The invention extends to any novel feature or any novel combination of features disclosed in this specification and any novel method or process steps or any novel combination of features disclosed.

Claims (10)

1. A circulating fluidized bed boiler purely combusting high sodium potassium fuel, characterized in that the circulating fluidized bed boiler comprises:
a hearth;
the separation feed back unit is connected with a flue gas outlet of the hearth and is used for separating and returning materials in the flue gas;
the steam cooling flue is connected with a flue gas outlet of the separation feed back unit and is divided into two parts in the width direction to form a downlink steam cooling flue and an uplink steam cooling flue which are arranged in parallel and communicated, the downlink steam cooling flue is an empty flue, and at least a water cooling tube bundle is arranged in the uplink steam cooling flue;
and the tail vertical shaft flue is connected with a flue gas outlet of the ascending steam cooling flue.
2. The circulating fluidized bed boiler burning high-sodium potassium fuel in pure form as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that a hydraulic soot blower is arranged in the downward steam-cooling flue, and the hydraulic soot blower can spray water to remove ash on the wall of the pipe.
3. The circulating fluidized bed boiler for pure burning of the high sodium potassium fuel according to claim 2, characterized in that the ascending steam-cooling flue further comprises a superheater heating surface arranged downstream of the water-cooled tube bundle, and the bottom of the steam-cooling flue is provided with an ash collecting and releasing device.
4. The pure high sodium potassium fuel-fired circulating fluidized bed boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the furnace chamber is of a full-film water wall structure and is provided with a coal feeding port, a material returning port and a slag discharging port, a heating surface in the furnace chamber is arranged in the furnace chamber, and a wind chamber formed by bending water wall tubes is arranged at the bottom of the furnace chamber.
5. The pure sodium potassium fuel-fired circulating fluidized bed boiler of claim 4, wherein the plenum is connected to at least two underfloor ignition ducts, each ignition duct being provided with an ignition device for heating the bed material.
6. The pure high-sodium potassium fuel-fired circulating fluidized bed boiler according to claim 1, wherein the separation feed back unit comprises a cyclone separator and a feed back device connected with a material outlet of the cyclone separator, and the feed back device is connected with the hearth through a feed back port of the hearth.
7. The pure-sodium-potassium-fuel-fired circulating fluidized bed boiler according to claim 5, wherein the tail shaft flue is of an adiabatic structure, wherein a high-temperature-stage economizer heating surface, an SCR denitration unit, a low-temperature-stage economizer heating surface and an air preheater heating surface are sequentially arranged along the flow direction of flue gas, and a hot air outlet of the air preheater heating surface is connected with the ignition air duct and the hearth through pipelines.
8. A method of operating a pure high sodium potassium fuel fired circulating fluidized bed boiler, characterized in that a pure high sodium potassium fuel fired circulating fluidized bed boiler according to any of claims 1 to 7 is used.
9. The method of operating a pure high sodium potassium fuel-fired circulating fluidized bed boiler according to claim 8,
adding high-sodium potassium fuel into a hearth, controlling the fluidizing speed of the hearth to be 5-5.5 m/s and the combustion temperature to be 860-880 ℃, wherein the high-sodium potassium fuel refers to sodium oxide (Na) in coal ash in percentage by mass2O) content of more than 3% or equivalent sodium oxide (Na)2O+0.66*K2O) a fuel having a content of more than 3%;
separating the materials in the flue gas by using a separation feed back unit;
controlling the temperature of the flue gas to be reduced to 650-700 ℃ through a descending steam cooling flue, controlling the temperature of the flue gas to be reduced to be within 650 ℃ and within 450 ℃ through an ascending steam cooling flue, and controlling the speed of the flue gas to be 6-10 m/s;
the temperature of the flue gas is controlled to be reduced to below 130 ℃ through a tail vertical shaft flue, the highest flue gas speed is controlled to be not more than 15m/s, and the flue gas is discharged.
10. The method of claim 8, wherein the material collected by the separate material return unit is returned to the furnace, and the ash collected in the steam cooling flue is discharged.
CN202011269147.2A 2020-11-13 2020-11-13 Circulating fluidized bed boiler for pure combustion of high-sodium potassium fuel and operation method thereof Pending CN112377896A (en)

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Citations (9)

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