CN112377260B - Roadway full-section air quantity measuring system and method - Google Patents
Roadway full-section air quantity measuring system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112377260B CN112377260B CN202011136851.0A CN202011136851A CN112377260B CN 112377260 B CN112377260 B CN 112377260B CN 202011136851 A CN202011136851 A CN 202011136851A CN 112377260 B CN112377260 B CN 112377260B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
- E21F17/18—Special adaptations of signalling or alarm devices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P5/00—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft
- G01P5/24—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring the direct influence of the streaming fluid on the properties of a detecting acoustical wave
- G01P5/245—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring the direct influence of the streaming fluid on the properties of a detecting acoustical wave by measuring transit time of acoustical waves
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
- G01S17/06—Systems determining position data of a target
- G01S17/08—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only
Abstract
The invention discloses a roadway full-section air volume measuring system and a roadway full-section air volume measuring method, wherein the roadway full-section air volume measuring system comprises an air volume measuring device I and an air volume measuring device II, the air volume measuring device I is arranged on a track I in a sliding mode, and the air volume measuring device II is arranged on a track II in a sliding mode; the linear wind speed of each horizontal height of the section of the roadway and the distance between two wall surfaces of the roadway can be obtained through ultrasonic and infrared ranging and correlation calculation methods, then the section of the roadway is divided into a plurality of small rectangular units by utilizing a calculus principle, then the wind volume passing through each small rectangular unit is obtained, the wind volume passing through the whole roadway can be obtained by integrating the wind volume of each small rectangular unit, and meanwhile the area and the average wind speed of the section of the roadway can be obtained. Therefore, the invention avoids the error caused by manual measurement, thereby accurately monitoring the air quantity passing through the trapezoidal or rectangular tunnel in real time, and simultaneously accurately measuring the area of the tunnel section and the average air speed passing through the section.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a roadway full-section air quantity measuring system and method, and belongs to the technical field of roadway air speed monitoring.
Background
Energy is an important guarantee for the development of modern society, coal still occupies the greatest proportion in primary energy consumption in China, underground coal seams are more and more complicated in occurrence and mining conditions along with continuous deep mining of coal seams, various natural disasters frequently occur, particularly disasters such as gas, fire, dust and the like in coal mines, ventilation is reasonably and effectively realized, the disasters can be greatly relieved or even eliminated, and the necessary condition for achieving the optimal ventilation effect is real-time and accurate monitoring of mine ventilation. Only accurate air quantity and air speed information in a roadway is mastered, and then the ventilation system can be subjected to the following regulation and control operation, so that intelligent ventilation is further realized.
The current method for measuring the air volume of the underground tunnel generally comprises the steps of measuring the air speeds at a plurality of positions in the cross section of the tunnel by using an air gauge, replacing the average air speed passing through the tunnel by using the average value of the measured air speeds and further obtaining the air volume passing through the tunnel by combining the area of the tunnel. Therefore, the existing air volume measuring method cannot meet the industrial requirement of intelligent ventilation of mines, and real-time and accurate monitoring of the air volume is difficult to realize.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a roadway full-section air quantity measuring system and a roadway full-section air quantity measuring method.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a roadway full-section air quantity measuring system comprises an air quantity measuring device I, an air quantity measuring device II, a track I and a track II, wherein the track I and the track II are respectively fixed on two side wall surfaces of a roadway and are parallel to the section of the roadway; the air quantity measuring device I is arranged on the track I in a sliding mode, and the air quantity measuring device II is arranged on the track II in a sliding mode;
the air volume measuring device I comprises a shell I, an ultrasonic transmitting terminal, an infrared ranging module and a signal transmitting module I, wherein the signal transmitting module I is arranged inside the shell I, the ultrasonic transmitting terminal and the infrared ranging module are fixed on the surface of the shell I, the transmitting end of the ultrasonic transmitting terminal and the transmitting end of the infrared ranging module face to an air volume measuring device II, and the ultrasonic transmitting terminal and the infrared ranging module are connected with the signal transmitting module I;
the air volume measuring device II comprises a shell II, an ultrasonic receiving terminal, a signal receiving module, a signal transmitting module II, an operational analysis module and a touch display screen, wherein the signal receiving module, the signal transmitting module II and the operational analysis module are all arranged in the shell II, the ultrasonic receiving terminal and the touch display screen are all fixed on the surface of the shell II, and the receiving end of the ultrasonic receiving terminal faces towards the air volume measuring device I; the operation analysis module is connected with the ultrasonic receiving terminal, the signal receiving module, the signal transmitting module II and the touch display screen; an included angle theta is formed between the connecting line of the air quantity measuring device II and the air quantity measuring device I and the section of the roadway;
the infrared distance measurement module sends out real-time distance between an infrared wind volume measurement device II and a wind volume measurement device I, distance data are sent out through the signal transmission module I, the ultrasonic transmission terminal transmits ultrasonic signals, data at the sending moment are sent out through the signal transmission module I, the ultrasonic receiving terminal receives the ultrasonic signals, records the receiving moment and transmits the receiving moment to the operation analysis module, and the signal receiving module receives the data at the sending moment and the distance data and transmits the data to the operation analysis module; touch display screen for the contained angle alpha between input tunnel lateral wall face and the tunnel bottom plate and with data feedback to operation analysis module, operation analysis module combines contained angle alpha, contained angle theta, distance data, sends the moment data and receives the moment data and carry out the analysis processes after, reachs the sectional amount of wind in tunnel, and shows the amount of wind that will reachd through touch display screen, sends through signal transmission module II simultaneously.
Further, the operation analysis module is a single chip microcomputer.
Further, the included angle θ is 30 °.
Further, the air volume measuring device I and the air volume measuring device II are respectively identical in running speed on the track I and the track II and are both in the range of 0-1 m/s; the length of the track I is the same as that of the track II.
A working method of a roadway full-section air quantity measuring system comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, fixing a track I and a track II on two side wall surfaces of a trapezoidal or rectangular tunnel respectively, wherein the track I is positioned on a tunnel section of air quantity to be measured, an air quantity measuring device I and an air quantity measuring device II are respectively arranged on the track I and the track II, and an included angle between a connecting line of the air quantity measuring device I and the air quantity measuring device II and the tunnel section is theta;
secondly, setting the running speed of the air quantity measuring device I and the air quantity measuring device II as V, wherein V is within the range of 0-1 m/s, inputting an included angle alpha between the side wall surface of the roadway and the bottom plate of the roadway through a touch display screen and feeding data back to an operation analysis module, starting a measurement process at the moment, enabling an air quantity measuring device I and an air quantity measuring device II to simultaneously operate from positions close to a top plate of the roadway respectively, sending out infrared rays by an infrared distance measuring module to measure a real-time distance between the air quantity measuring device II and the air quantity measuring device I, the distance data is sent out through a signal transmitting module I, an ultrasonic wave transmitting terminal transmits an ultrasonic wave signal, the data of the sending time is sent out through a signal sending module I, an ultrasonic receiving terminal receives an ultrasonic signal and records the receiving time and transmits the ultrasonic signal to an operational analysis module, and the signal receiving module receives the data of the sending time and the distance data and transmits the data to the operational analysis module; the acquisition time interval of the operational analysis module is 0.1s, and the operational analysis module stores each acquired data until the air volume measuring device I and the air volume measuring device II run to reach a roadway bottom plate to complete the acquisition process;
the operation analysis module analyzes and processes the data collected each time, and specifically comprises: because the included angle alpha is formed between the side wall surface of the roadway and the bottom plate of the roadway, the vertical downward running distance of the air quantity measuring device I and the air quantity measuring device II is as follows when data are acquired every time
The linear wind speed V of each data acquisition can be obtained through the time difference between the ultrasonic transmitting terminal and the ultrasonic receiving terminalWind iThe distance measured by the infrared distance measuring module is L every time data is acquirediI is the collection frequency; the operation analysis module divides the roadway section into a plurality of tiny rectangular units by utilizing the principle of calculus, wherein the long side of each tiny rectangular unit is Licos θ, short side of
Then
The air quantity passing through the tiny rectangular unit is calculated according to data acquired at the ith time of the tunnel section of the required measured air quantity, and the nth data acquired when the air quantity measuring device I and the air quantity measuring device II run to the bottom of the tunnel is set, so that the air quantity passing through the section can be obtained
The area of the cross section is
The average wind speed of the cross section is
And fourthly, the operation analysis module sends the calculated current section air volume, the calculated current section area and the calculated average air speed of the current section to the touch display screen for displaying, and meanwhile, the operation analysis module sends the current section air volume, the calculated current section area and the calculated average air speed of the current section through the signal transmission module II.
Compared with the prior art, the invention adopts the traditional ultrasonic wind speed measurement principle and the calculus algorithm, the linear wind speed of each horizontal height of the section of the roadway and the distance between two wall surfaces of the roadway can be obtained by ultrasonic and infrared ranging and related calculation methods, the section of the roadway is further divided into a plurality of tiny rectangular units by utilizing the calculus principle, then the air volume passed by each tiny rectangular unit is obtained, the air volume passed by the whole roadway can be obtained by integrating the air volume of each tiny rectangular unit, and simultaneously the area and the average wind speed of the section of the roadway can be obtained. Therefore, the invention avoids the error caused by manual measurement, thereby accurately monitoring the air quantity passing through the trapezoidal or rectangular tunnel in real time, and simultaneously accurately measuring the area of the tunnel section and the average air speed passing through the section.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of the layout of the air quantity measuring system of the present invention in a roadway;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the wind measuring device I and wind measuring device II of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of an air volume measuring device I and an air volume measuring device II according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the arrangement of the track I on the side wall surface of the roadway in the invention.
In the figure: 1-an ultrasonic wave transmitting terminal; 2-an infrared ranging module; 3-a signal transmitting module I; 4-an ultrasonic receiving terminal; 5-a signal receiving module; 6-a signal transmitting module II; 7-an operation analysis module; 8-touch display screen; 9-track I; 10-track ii.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further explained below.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, a roadway full-section air volume measuring system comprises an air volume measuring device i, an air volume measuring device ii, a track i 9 and a track ii 10, wherein the track i 9 and the track ii 10 are respectively fixed on two side wall surfaces of a roadway, and the track i 9 and the track ii 10 are both parallel to a roadway section; the air volume measuring device I is arranged on the track I9 in a sliding mode, and the air volume measuring device II is arranged on the track II 10 in a sliding mode; the length of the track I9 and the length of the track II 10 can be lengthened and shortened according to different circumferences of roadway sections;
the air volume measuring device I comprises a shell I, an ultrasonic transmitting terminal 1, an infrared ranging module 2 and a signal transmitting module I3, wherein the signal transmitting module I3 is arranged inside the shell I, the ultrasonic transmitting terminal 1 and the infrared ranging module 2 are fixed on the surface of the shell I, the transmitting end of the ultrasonic transmitting terminal 1 and the transmitting end of the infrared ranging module 2 face the air volume measuring device II, and the ultrasonic transmitting terminal 1 and the infrared ranging module 2 are connected with the signal transmitting module I3;
the air volume measuring device II comprises a shell II, an ultrasonic receiving terminal 4, a signal receiving module 5, a signal transmitting module II 6, an operation analysis module 7 and a touch display screen 8, wherein the signal receiving module 5, the signal transmitting module II 6 and the operation analysis module 7 are all arranged in the shell II, the ultrasonic receiving terminal 4 and the touch display screen 8 are all fixed on the surface of the shell II, and the receiving end of the ultrasonic receiving terminal 4 faces the air volume measuring device I; the operation analysis module 7 is connected with the ultrasonic receiving terminal 4, the signal receiving module 5, the signal transmitting module II 6 and the touch display screen 8; an included angle theta is formed between the connecting line of the air quantity measuring device II and the air quantity measuring device I and the section of the roadway; the effect of contained angle theta is because the principle that the wind speed was surveyed to the ultrasonic wave needs to be utilized, and the wind speed can have the influence to the propagation speed of ultrasonic wave, and contrary ultrasonic wave propagation and the ultrasonic wave propagation in the same direction have the velocity difference, so the ultrasonic wave will have an angle with the wind current direction, but can not be unanimous with the wind current direction, because the device can shelter from the wind current and influence the influence of wind speed to the ultrasonic wave propagation.
The infrared distance measurement module 2 sends out real-time distance between the infrared wind volume measurement device II and the wind volume measurement device I, distance data are sent out through the signal transmission module I3, the ultrasonic transmission terminal 1 transmits ultrasonic signals, data at the sending moment are sent out through the signal transmission module I3, the ultrasonic receiving terminal 4 receives the ultrasonic signals, records the receiving moment and transmits the receiving moment to the operation analysis module 7, and the signal receiving module 5 receives the data at the sending moment and the distance data and transmits the data to the operation analysis module 7; touch display screen 8 for the contained angle alpha between input tunnel lateral wall face and the tunnel bottom plate and with data feedback to operation analysis module 7, operation analysis module 7 combines contained angle alpha, contained angle theta, distance data, sends the time data and receives the time data and carry out the analysis processes after, reachs the sectional amount of wind in tunnel, and shows the amount of wind that will reachd through touch display screen 8, sends through signaling module II 6 simultaneously.
Further, the operation analysis module 7 is a single chip microcomputer.
Further, the included angle θ is 30 °.
Further, the air volume measuring device I and the air volume measuring device II are respectively identical in running speed on the track I9 and the track II 10 and are both in the range of 0-1 m/s; the length of the track I9 is the same as that of the track II 10.
A working method of a roadway full-section air quantity measuring system comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, fixing a track I9 and a track II 10 on two side wall surfaces of a trapezoidal or rectangular tunnel respectively, wherein the track I9 is positioned on a tunnel section of air quantity to be measured, an air quantity measuring device I and an air quantity measuring device II are respectively arranged on the track I9 and the track II 10, and an included angle between a connecting line of the air quantity measuring device I and the air quantity measuring device II and the tunnel section is 30 degrees;
secondly, setting the running speed of an air quantity measuring device I and an air quantity measuring device II as V, wherein V is within the range of 0-1 m/s, inputting an included angle alpha between a side wall surface of a roadway and a bottom plate of the roadway (wherein alpha is 90 degrees if the rectangular roadway is adopted) through a touch display screen 8, feeding data back to an operation analysis module 7, starting a measuring process at the moment, enabling the air quantity measuring device I and the air quantity measuring device II to run simultaneously from positions close to a top plate of the roadway respectively, enabling an infrared distance measuring module 2 to send out real-time distance between the infrared ray air quantity measuring device II and the air quantity measuring device I, sending distance data through a signal sending module I3, enabling an ultrasonic wave sending terminal 1 to send out an ultrasonic wave signal, sending out the data at the sending moment through a signal sending module I3, enabling an ultrasonic wave receiving terminal 4 to receive the ultrasonic wave signal, recording, the signal receiving module 5 receives the data of the sending time and the distance data and transmits the data to the operation analysis module 7; the acquisition time interval of the operation analysis module 7 is 0.1s, and the operation analysis module 7 stores each data acquired each time until the air quantity measuring device I and the air quantity measuring device II run to reach a roadway bottom plate to complete the acquisition process;
the operation analysis module 7 analyzes and processes the data collected each time, specifically: because the included angle alpha is formed between the side wall surface of the roadway and the bottom plate of the roadway, the vertical downward running distance of the air quantity measuring device I and the air quantity measuring device II is as follows when data are acquired every time
The linear wind speed V of each data acquisition can be obtained through the time difference between the ultrasonic transmitting terminal 1 and the ultrasonic receiving terminal 4Wind iRed each time data is collectedThe distance measured by the external ranging module 2 is LiI is the collection frequency; the operation analysis module 7 divides the roadway section into a plurality of tiny rectangular units by using the principle of calculus, wherein the long side of each tiny rectangular unit is Licos30 DEG, with the short side being
Then
The air quantity passing through the tiny rectangular unit is calculated according to data acquired at the ith time of the tunnel section of the required measured air quantity, and the nth data acquired when the air quantity measuring device I and the air quantity measuring device II run to the bottom of the tunnel is set, so that the air quantity passing through the section can be obtained
The area of the cross section is
The average wind speed of the cross section is
And the operation analysis module 7 sends the calculated current section air volume, the calculated current section area and the calculated average air speed of the current section to the touch display screen 8 for displaying, and sends out the air volume, the calculated current section area and the calculated average air speed through the signal transmission module II 6.
Claims (5)
1. A roadway full-section air quantity measuring system is characterized by comprising an air quantity measuring device I, an air quantity measuring device II, a track I and a track II, wherein the track I and the track II are respectively fixed on two side wall surfaces of a roadway and are parallel to a roadway section; the air quantity measuring device I is arranged on the track I in a sliding mode, and the air quantity measuring device II is arranged on the track II in a sliding mode;
the air volume measuring device I comprises a shell I, an ultrasonic transmitting terminal, an infrared ranging module and a signal transmitting module I, wherein the signal transmitting module I is arranged inside the shell I, the ultrasonic transmitting terminal and the infrared ranging module are fixed on the surface of the shell I, the transmitting end of the ultrasonic transmitting terminal and the transmitting end of the infrared ranging module face to an air volume measuring device II, and the ultrasonic transmitting terminal and the infrared ranging module are connected with the signal transmitting module I;
the air volume measuring device II comprises a shell II, an ultrasonic receiving terminal, a signal receiving module, a signal transmitting module II, an operational analysis module and a touch display screen, wherein the signal receiving module, the signal transmitting module II and the operational analysis module are all arranged in the shell II, the ultrasonic receiving terminal and the touch display screen are all fixed on the surface of the shell II, and the receiving end of the ultrasonic receiving terminal faces towards the air volume measuring device I; the operation analysis module is connected with the ultrasonic receiving terminal, the signal receiving module, the signal transmitting module II and the touch display screen; an included angle theta is formed between the connecting line of the air quantity measuring device II and the air quantity measuring device I and the section of the roadway;
the infrared distance measurement module sends out real-time distance between an infrared wind volume measurement device II and a wind volume measurement device I, distance data are sent out through the signal transmission module I, the ultrasonic transmission terminal transmits ultrasonic signals, data at the sending moment are sent out through the signal transmission module I, the ultrasonic receiving terminal receives the ultrasonic signals, records the receiving moment and transmits the receiving moment to the operation analysis module, and the signal receiving module receives the data at the sending moment and the distance data and transmits the data to the operation analysis module; touch display screen for the contained angle alpha between input tunnel lateral wall face and the tunnel bottom plate and with data feedback to operation analysis module, operation analysis module combines contained angle alpha, contained angle theta, distance data, sends the moment data and receives the moment data and carry out the analysis processes after, reachs the sectional amount of wind in tunnel, and shows the amount of wind that will reachd through touch display screen, sends through signal transmission module II simultaneously.
2. The system for measuring the full-section air volume of the roadway according to claim 1, wherein the operation analysis module is a single chip microcomputer.
3. The system for measuring the full-section air volume of the roadway according to claim 1, wherein the included angle θ is 30 °.
4. The roadway full-section air volume measuring system according to claim 1, wherein the air volume measuring device I and the air volume measuring device II respectively have the same running speed on the track I and the track II and are both in the range of 0-1 m/s; the length of the track I is the same as that of the track II.
5. A working method of the roadway full-section air volume measuring system according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
firstly, fixing a track I and a track II on two side wall surfaces of a trapezoidal or rectangular tunnel respectively, wherein the track I is positioned on a tunnel section of air quantity to be measured, an air quantity measuring device I and an air quantity measuring device II are respectively arranged on the track I and the track II, and an included angle between a connecting line of the air quantity measuring device I and the air quantity measuring device II and the tunnel section is theta;
secondly, setting the running speed of the air quantity measuring device I and the air quantity measuring device II as V, wherein V is within the range of 0-1 m/s, inputting an included angle alpha between the side wall surface of the roadway and the bottom plate of the roadway through a touch display screen and feeding data back to an operation analysis module, starting a measurement process at the moment, enabling an air quantity measuring device I and an air quantity measuring device II to simultaneously operate from positions close to a top plate of the roadway respectively, sending out infrared rays by an infrared distance measuring module to measure a real-time distance between the air quantity measuring device II and the air quantity measuring device I, the distance data is sent out through a signal transmitting module I, an ultrasonic wave transmitting terminal transmits an ultrasonic wave signal, the data of the sending time is sent out through a signal sending module I, an ultrasonic receiving terminal receives an ultrasonic signal and records the receiving time and transmits the ultrasonic signal to an operational analysis module, and the signal receiving module receives the data of the sending time and the distance data and transmits the data to the operational analysis module; the acquisition time interval of the operational analysis module is 0.1s, and the operational analysis module stores each acquired data until the air volume measuring device I and the air volume measuring device II run to reach a roadway bottom plate to complete the acquisition process;
the operation analysis module analyzes and processes the data collected each time, and specifically comprises: because the included angle alpha is formed between the side wall surface of the roadway and the bottom plate of the roadway, the vertical downward running distance of the air quantity measuring device I and the air quantity measuring device II is as follows when data are acquired every time
The linear wind speed V of each data acquisition can be obtained through the time difference between the ultrasonic transmitting terminal and the ultrasonic receiving terminalWind iThe distance measured by the infrared distance measuring module is L every time data is acquirediI is the collection frequency; the operation analysis module divides the roadway section into a plurality of tiny rectangular units by utilizing the principle of calculus, wherein the long side of each tiny rectangular unit is Licos θ, short side of
Then
The air quantity passing through the tiny rectangular unit is calculated according to data acquired at the ith time of the tunnel section of the required measured air quantity, and the nth data acquired when the air quantity measuring device I and the air quantity measuring device II run to the bottom of the tunnel is set, so that the air quantity passing through the section can be obtained
The area of the cross section is
The average wind speed of the cross section is
And fourthly, the operation analysis module sends the calculated current section air volume, the calculated current section area and the calculated average air speed of the current section to the touch display screen for displaying, and meanwhile, the operation analysis module sends the current section air volume, the calculated current section area and the calculated average air speed of the current section through the signal transmission module II.
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| CN113092814B (en) * | 2021-03-16 | 2022-01-25 | 山东科技大学 | High-precision air flow measuring method for mine roadway |
| CN113482723A (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2021-10-08 | 北京科技大学 | Intelligent real-time monitoring device and method for air volume of underground coal mine roadway |
| CN114109470B (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2024-04-02 | 中国矿业大学 | Accurate measurement system and method for air quantity of mine tunnel |
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