CN112376125A - Flame-retardant high-performance ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene composite fiber and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Flame-retardant high-performance ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene composite fiber and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112376125A
CN112376125A CN202010888676.4A CN202010888676A CN112376125A CN 112376125 A CN112376125 A CN 112376125A CN 202010888676 A CN202010888676 A CN 202010888676A CN 112376125 A CN112376125 A CN 112376125A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
molecular weight
weight polyethylene
flame
retardant
ultrahigh molecular
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Pending
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CN202010888676.4A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
徐尧
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Qingdao Sinty Hi Tech Co ltd
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Qingdao Sinty Hi Tech Co ltd
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Priority to CN202010888676.4A priority Critical patent/CN112376125A/en
Publication of CN112376125A publication Critical patent/CN112376125A/en
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    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01FCHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/44Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds
    • D01F6/46Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds of polyolefins
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01FCHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F1/00General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
    • D01F1/02Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
    • D01F1/07Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt for making fire- or flame-proof filaments
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01FCHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F1/00General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
    • D01F1/02Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
    • D01F1/10Other agents for modifying properties

Abstract

The invention provides a flame-retardant high-performance ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene composite fiber and a preparation method thereof, wherein the flame-retardant high-performance ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene composite fiber comprises ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene powder, a flame retardant and an inorganic modifier; the dosage of the fire retardant is 10-50 wt.% of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene powder, and the dosage of the inorganic modifier is 0.5-20 wt.% of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene powder. The flame retardant is any one or the combination of two or more of aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, ammonium polyphosphate, melamine polyphosphate and red phosphorus; the inorganic modifier is any one or the combination of two or more of graphene, nano graphite flakes, expanded graphite, graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide. The flame-retardant high-performance ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber and the preparation method provided by the invention reduce the addition amount of the flame retardant, and avoid the technical problem that the performance of the ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber material is obviously reduced due to the addition of a large amount of the flame retardant.

Description

Flame-retardant high-performance ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene composite fiber and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of new polymer materials, in particular to a flame-retardant high-performance ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene composite fiber and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Graphene is known as a star material of the 21 st century, and is a nano material in a honeycomb structure only consisting of one layer of carbon atoms. The graphene is of a sheet structure, has stable property, good heat resistance and large specific surface area, and the properties enable the graphene to effectively reduce mass transfer and heat transfer in the material combustion process, thereby improving the flame retardant property of the polymer material. Graphene has a barrier effect to the smallest gas helium, making it unable to penetrate through graphene.
The graphene can improve the thermal stability of related flame retardants, and the addition of the graphene improves the flame retardant performance, so that the addition amount of the graphene is less than that of a single traditional flame retardant, and the problem of the reduction of the mechanical properties of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers caused by the addition of a large amount of flame retardants is remarkably improved.
For example, Mg (OH)2The flame retardant effect can be achieved only when the amount of the flame retardant is up to 50% in the polyolefin material, and the mechanical property of the resin matrix material is seriously influenced. Due to the addition of the graphene, the graphene and the graphene have a synergistic effect and are low in addition, so that the ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber has flame retardant property and good mechanical property. In order to overcome the problem that the mechanical property of a matrix material is obviously reduced due to the addition of a large amount of flame retardant, the patent provides a flame-retardant scheme of the high-performance ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene composite fiber.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a flame-retardant high-performance ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene composite fiber and a preparation method thereof, and solves the technical problem that the mechanical properties of an ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber material are obviously reduced due to the addition of a large amount of flame retardant.
A flame-retardant high-performance ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene composite fiber comprises ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene powder, a flame retardant and an inorganic modifier;
the dosage of the flame retardant is 10-50 wt.% of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene powder, and the dosage of the inorganic modifier is 0.5-20 wt.% of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene powder.
The flame retardant is any one or the combination of two or more of aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, ammonium polyphosphate, melamine polyphosphate and red phosphorus;
the particle size of the aluminum hydroxide is 0.5-20 μm, the particle size of the magnesium hydroxide is 1-15 μm, the particle size of the ammonium polyphosphate is 3-25 μm, the particle size of the melamine polyphosphate is 1-25 μm, and the size of the red phosphorus is 5-30 μm.
The inorganic modifier is any one or the combination of two or more of graphene, nano graphite flakes, expanded graphite, graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide.
The planar size of the graphene, the nano graphite sheet, the graphene oxide and the reduced graphene oxide is 0.5-30 mu m, the thickness is 0.335-30 nm, and the expanded graphite is 200-500 times.
Traditionally, flame retardants are added separately in relatively high amounts, e.g., Mg (OH)2The flame retardant effect can be achieved only when the amount of the flame retardant is up to 50% in the polyolefin material, and the mechanical property of the resin matrix material is seriously influenced. Due to the addition of the graphene, the graphene and the graphene have a synergistic effect, the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber is low in addition, and the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber can keep good performance.
The graphene is of a sheet structure, has stable property, strong heat resistance and large specific surface area, can effectively reduce mass transfer and heat transfer in the material combustion process, improves the flame retardant property of a polymer material, and has good barrier effect even on the minimum helium.
A preparation method of flame-retardant high-performance ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene composite fibers comprises the following specific preparation steps:
step S01: adding a flame retardant, a nano additive and an inorganic modifier into an organic solvent, and dispersing and mixing uniformly through mechanical stirring and shearing interaction to obtain a mixture;
step S02: adding ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene powder into the mixture, stirring, and heating for swelling;
step S03: dissolving and homogenizing the prepared raw materials at high temperature by a double-screw extruder, metering, and spinning by a filter and a spinning manifold;
step S04: and then a series of processes of cleaning/extraction, drying and hot drawing are carried out to obtain the flame-retardant high-performance ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene composite fiber.
In step S01, the dispersing and mixing method includes one or more of mechanical shearing or ultrasonic cavitation, ball milling, sand milling, emulsification or ultrasound.
In the step S01, the time required for the mixing treatment of the flame retardant and the inorganic modifier is 2h to 12 h.
In the step S01, the solvent is one or a combination of white oil, decalin, kerosene, animal oil, and vegetable oil, and the amount of the solvent is 1-25 times of the ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene powder.
The patent of the invention achieves the following remarkable effects:
the textile prepared from the high-performance ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene composite fiber has an oxygen index higher than 30%, belongs to a flame-retardant material, and has good flame retardant property.
Detailed Description
In order to clearly illustrate the technical features of the present solution, the present solution is described below by way of specific embodiments.
Example 1
2.5kg of melamine ammonium polyphosphate with the size range of 3-25 mu m and 750g of 400 times of expanded graphite are respectively added into 100kg of white oil serving as an organic solvent, and are circularly treated for 8 hours by sanding to obtain a fully and uniformly mixed solution. Mixing 10kg of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene powder with the solution by an emulsifying mode of an emulsifying machine, and heating to complete the preparation of the raw materials;
the prepared raw materials are dissolved at high temperature through a double-screw extruder, spun by a spinning manifold, and subjected to a series of processes such as bundling, pre-drawing, cleaning (extraction), drying, drawing and the like to obtain the flame-retardant high-performance ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene composite fiber.
Example 2
900g of aluminum hydroxide powder with the size range of 1-15 μm, 300g of powder with the red phosphorus granularity of 1-20 μm and 240g of graphene oxide with the thickness of 1-5 nm and the plane size of 3-20 μm are respectively added into 25kg of white oil serving as an organic solvent, and are circularly treated for 1 hour by sanding to obtain a fully and uniformly mixed solution. Mixing 3kg of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene powder with the solution by an emulsifying mode of an emulsifying machine, and heating to complete the preparation of the raw materials;
the prepared raw materials are dissolved at high temperature through a double-screw extruder, spun by a spinning manifold, and subjected to a series of processes such as bundling, pre-drawing, cleaning (extraction), drying, drawing and the like to obtain the flame-retardant high-performance ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene composite fiber.
Example 3
1kg of ammonium polyphosphate powder with the size range of 1-15 mu m and 5-25 mu m of graphene powder with the average thickness of 3nm are respectively added into 50kg of white oil serving as an organic solvent, and are subjected to ball milling treatment for 2 hours to obtain a fully and uniformly mixed solution. Mixing 10kg of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene powder with the solution by an emulsifying mode of an emulsifying machine, and heating to complete the preparation of the raw materials;
the prepared raw materials are dissolved at high temperature through a double-screw extruder, spun by a spinning manifold, and subjected to a series of processes such as bundling, pre-drawing, cleaning (extraction), drying, drawing and the like to obtain the flame-retardant high-performance ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene composite fiber.
Note:
flame retardant evaluation criteria: the oxygen index is more than 27 percent, belongs to a flame-retardant material and has flame-retardant effect.
Features of the invention which are not described in the present patent application can be implemented by or using the prior art, and are not described herein again, it is to be understood that the above description is not intended to limit the invention, and the invention is not limited to the above examples, and those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, additions or substitutions within the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (8)

1. The flame-retardant high-performance ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene composite fiber is characterized by comprising ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene powder, a flame retardant and an inorganic modifier;
the dosage of the flame retardant is 10-50 wt.% of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene powder, and the dosage of the inorganic modifier is 0.5-20 wt.% of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene powder.
2. The flame-retardant high-performance ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene composite fiber according to claim 1, wherein the flame retardant is any one or a combination of two or more of aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, ammonium polyphosphate, melamine polyphosphate and red phosphorus;
the particle size of the aluminum hydroxide is 0.5-20 μm, the particle size of the magnesium hydroxide is 1-15 μm, the particle size of the ammonium polyphosphate is 3-25 μm, the particle size of the melamine polyphosphate is 1-25 μm, and the size of the red phosphorus is 5-30 μm.
3. The flame-retardant high-performance ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene composite fiber according to claim 2, wherein the inorganic modifier is any one of graphene, graphite nanoplatelets, expanded graphite, graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide, or a combination of two or more thereof.
4. The flame-retardant high-performance ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene composite fiber according to claim 3, wherein the planar dimensions of the graphene, graphite nanoplatelets, graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide are all 0.5 to 30 μm, the thickness is 0.335 to 30nm, and the expanded graphite is 200 to 500 times.
5. A preparation method of flame-retardant high-performance ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene composite fibers is characterized by comprising the following specific preparation steps:
step S01: adding a flame retardant, a nano additive and an inorganic modifier into an organic solvent, and dispersing and mixing uniformly through mechanical stirring and shearing interaction to obtain an organic solution mixture;
step S02: adding ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene powder into the organic solution mixture, stirring and heating for swelling;
step S03: dissolving and homogenizing the prepared raw materials at high temperature by a double-screw extruder, metering, and spinning by a filter and a spinning box;
step S04: and then a series of processes of cleaning/extraction, drying and hot drawing are carried out to obtain the flame-retardant high-performance ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene composite fiber.
6. The method for preparing the flame-retardant high-performance ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene composite fiber according to claim 5, wherein in the step S01, the dispersion mixing method comprises one or more of mechanical shearing or ultrasonic cavitation, ball milling, sand milling, emulsification or ultrasound.
7. The method for preparing the flame-retardant high-performance ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene composite fiber according to claim 6, wherein the time required for the mixing treatment of the flame retardant and the inorganic modifier in step S01 is 2 to 12 hours.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein in step S01, the solvent is one or a combination of white oil, decalin, kerosene, animal oil, and vegetable oil, and the amount of the solvent is 1-25 times of the amount of the ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene powder.
CN202010888676.4A 2020-08-28 2020-08-28 Flame-retardant high-performance ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene composite fiber and preparation method thereof Pending CN112376125A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113604897A (en) * 2021-05-14 2021-11-05 盐城优和博新材料有限公司 Production method of flame-retardant ultrahigh-strength polyethylene
CN115895088A (en) * 2022-12-09 2023-04-04 上海材料研究所有限公司 Low-smoke low-toxicity halogen-free flame-retardant ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene composite material and preparation method thereof

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105568421A (en) * 2014-10-15 2016-05-11 西安艾菲尔德复合材料科技有限公司 Preparation method of flame-retardant carbon nanotube enhanced ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber
CN106867076A (en) * 2017-02-15 2017-06-20 九江学院 A kind of mining Graphene enhancing dual anti-tubing preparation method of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene
CN109354736A (en) * 2018-09-20 2019-02-19 福建师范大学 A kind of preparation method of modified expansible graphite collaboration ammonium polyphosphate flame-retardant ultra-high molecular weight polyvinyl material

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105568421A (en) * 2014-10-15 2016-05-11 西安艾菲尔德复合材料科技有限公司 Preparation method of flame-retardant carbon nanotube enhanced ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber
CN106867076A (en) * 2017-02-15 2017-06-20 九江学院 A kind of mining Graphene enhancing dual anti-tubing preparation method of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene
CN109354736A (en) * 2018-09-20 2019-02-19 福建师范大学 A kind of preparation method of modified expansible graphite collaboration ammonium polyphosphate flame-retardant ultra-high molecular weight polyvinyl material

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113604897A (en) * 2021-05-14 2021-11-05 盐城优和博新材料有限公司 Production method of flame-retardant ultrahigh-strength polyethylene
CN115895088A (en) * 2022-12-09 2023-04-04 上海材料研究所有限公司 Low-smoke low-toxicity halogen-free flame-retardant ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene composite material and preparation method thereof

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Application publication date: 20210219