CN112375532A - Composite flame-retardant single-component polyurethane foam gap filler and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Composite flame-retardant single-component polyurethane foam gap filler and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN112375532A
CN112375532A CN202011258115.2A CN202011258115A CN112375532A CN 112375532 A CN112375532 A CN 112375532A CN 202011258115 A CN202011258115 A CN 202011258115A CN 112375532 A CN112375532 A CN 112375532A
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polyurethane foam
component polyurethane
retardant
flame retardant
flame
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张洪秀
吕品
吕政昊
郭焕
李蒙
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Liaoning Lvshi Chemical Group Co ltd
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    • C09J175/00Adhesives based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
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    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
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    • C08G18/00Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/70Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
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    • C08J9/00Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/04Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
    • C08J9/12Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
    • C08J9/14Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent organic
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    • C08J9/14Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent organic
    • C08J9/142Compounds containing oxygen but no halogen atom
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    • C08J9/00Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
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    • C08J9/12Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
    • C08J9/14Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent organic
    • C08J9/149Mixtures of blowing agents covered by more than one of the groups C08J9/141 - C08J9/143
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    • C09JADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J11/00Features of adhesives not provided for in group C09J9/00, e.g. additives
    • C09J11/02Non-macromolecular additives
    • C09J11/04Non-macromolecular additives inorganic
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    • C09JADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J11/00Features of adhesives not provided for in group C09J9/00, e.g. additives
    • C09J11/02Non-macromolecular additives
    • C09J11/06Non-macromolecular additives organic
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    • C09J11/00Features of adhesives not provided for in group C09J9/00, e.g. additives
    • C09J11/08Macromolecular additives
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    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2203/00Foams characterized by the expanding agent
    • C08J2203/12Organic compounds only containing carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms, e.g. ketone or alcohol
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    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2203/00Foams characterized by the expanding agent
    • C08J2203/14Saturated hydrocarbons, e.g. butane; Unspecified hydrocarbons
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    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2203/00Foams characterized by the expanding agent
    • C08J2203/18Binary blends of expanding agents
    • C08J2203/182Binary blends of expanding agents of physical blowing agents, e.g. acetone and butane
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    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2375/00Characterised by the use of polyureas or polyurethanes; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2375/04Polyurethanes
    • C08J2375/08Polyurethanes from polyethers
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    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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    • C08J2483/00Characterised by the use of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2483/04Polysiloxanes
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    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/20Oxides; Hydroxides
    • C08K3/22Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
    • C08K2003/2217Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of magnesium
    • C08K2003/2224Magnesium hydroxide
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    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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    • C08K3/00Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/20Oxides; Hydroxides
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    • C08K2003/2227Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of aluminium
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    • C08L2201/00Properties
    • C08L2201/02Flame or fire retardant/resistant

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Abstract

The invention relates to a composite flame-retardant single-component polyurethane foam gap filler and a preparation method thereof. The method of the invention can achieve B2 or B1 level flame retardant effect by adding the compound flame retardant which has no toxicity, good stability and no toxic gas generation at high temperature, and can reduce or not generate smoke and toxic gas, thereby reducing or avoiding secondary pollution and harm.

Description

Composite flame-retardant single-component polyurethane foam gap filler and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the fields of buildings, building materials, decoration and fitment, in particular to a composite flame-retardant single-component polyurethane foam joint mixture and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The single-component polyurethane foam joint mixture is a polyurethane product which is packaged and stored in a single aerosol can mode by combining polyurethane and an aerosol technology. The waterproof and heat-insulating composite material is convenient to carry, simple to use, waterproof, heat-insulating and the like, and can be widely applied to the fields of buildings, building materials, decoration, fitment and the like.
Currently, most single-component polyurethane foam gap filler products in the market are flammable products (the burning performance grade is B3 grade, and the oxygen index is less than 26 percent), and the oxygen index (which is an important index for testing the flame retardance of materials) is generally in the range of 14-20. A higher oxygen index indicates that the material requires more oxygen and is more difficult to burn. Along with the improvement and requirement of national policies and regulations, the importance of flame retardant performance is increasingly recognized by people, and various manufacturers put forward flame retardant single-component polyurethane foam gap fillers of grade B2 (oxygen index percent is more than or equal to 26) and grade B1 (oxygen index percent is more than or equal to 32, which is difficult to achieve). Most of the manufacturers adopt flame retardants or flame-retardant polyethers containing halogen, phosphorus, nitrogen and other elements to achieve the flame-retardant effect, and the flame retardants or flame-retardant polyethers, whether of a reactive type or an additive type, can emit a large amount of smoke and toxic gases during combustion, and are easy to cause secondary pollution and harm. If no flame retardant containing halogen series or elements such as phosphorus, nitrogen and the like is added, the flame retardant effect is difficult to ensure, the oxygen index is difficult to reach 26, and the oxygen index is difficult to reach 32.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a composite flame-retardant single-component polyurethane foam gap filler and a preparation method thereof. The method mainly adopts the addition of the compound flame retardant which has no toxicity and good stability and does not generate toxic gas at high temperature, thereby achieving the B2 or B1 grade flame retardant effect, reducing or not generating smoke and toxic gas, and reducing or avoiding secondary pollution and harm.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the composite flame-retardant single-component polyurethane foam gap filler is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
Figure BDA0002773741420000011
Figure BDA0002773741420000021
further, the foam stabilizer is an organic silicon surfactant.
Furthermore, the composite flame-retardant one-component polyurethane foam gap filler is characterized in that the silicone surfactant is selected from one of silicone oil G300, G201, AK8856 and G5356.
Further, according to the composite flame-retardant single-component polyurethane foam gap filler, the main flame retardant is hollow glass beads.
Furthermore, the hollow glass beads are selected from 15P500, 20P100 and 25P 1500.
Further, in the composite flame-retardant single-component polyurethane foam gap filler, the auxiliary flame retardant is one or two of aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide.
Further, the viscosity regulator is dioctyl sebacate, dibutyl phthalate or tris (2-chloropropyl) phosphate.
Further, in the composite flame-retardant single-component polyurethane foam caulking agent, the polymeric MDI is polymethylene polyphenyl isocyanate, is an oligomer of MDI, and is selected from one of PM200, 5005, 44V20 and M200.
The preparation method of the composite flame-retardant single-component polyurethane foam gap filler is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) preparing materials according to the proportion of the composite flame-retardant single-component polyurethane foam gap filler;
2) mixing and stirring polyether polyol, a foam stabilizer, dimorpholinyl diethyl ether, a main flame retardant, an auxiliary flame retardant and a viscosity regulator for 1-3 hours to obtain a mixture;
3) putting the mixture obtained in the step 2) into an aerosol can, then sequentially adding polymeric MDI, dimethyl ether and propane and butane, and obtaining a target product after swinging and standing for 24 hours.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. in the invention, the main flame retardant is a novel flame retardant hollow glass bead, the main component is silicon dioxide, and the flame retardant belongs to an inorganic novel flame retardant. The hollow glass bead is a novel additive type flame retardant, is safe and non-toxic, has good stability, belongs to an inorganic non-combustible material, and does not generate toxic gas and smoke at high temperature. When the temperature reaches above 350 ℃, the hollow glass beads gradually begin to soften, and after continuously absorbing heat, the hollow glass beads gradually melt and attach to the surface of the material to form a glassy state membrane wall structure oxygen insulation layer, so that air is isolated, combustion is inhibited, and the flame retardant effect is remarkable.
2. In the invention, the auxiliary flame retardant plays a role of a synergistic flame retardant, and mainly selects aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide. The aluminum hydroxide and the magnesium hydroxide as the inorganic flame retardant have the advantages of safety, no toxicity, good stability, low price, no generation of toxic gas at high temperature, low dehydration heat absorption temperature and obvious flame retardant effect particularly at the beginning of combustion.
3. The method mainly adopts nontoxic inorganic hollow glass beads, aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide as composite flame retardants, and the flame retardant is added into the single-component polyurethane foam gap filler material, so that the flame retardant effect of flame retardant grade B2 (oxygen index percent is more than or equal to 26)/B1 (oxygen index percent is more than or equal to 32) can be achieved. The hollow glass microspheres are micron-sized microspheres, have the characteristics of light weight, good wetting and dispersing properties and the like, have good fluidity in liquid materials, and well solve the problems that inorganic solid flame retardants need to achieve good flame retardant effect, need large filling amount and cause poor fluidity of the liquid materials. The invention adopts the composite flame retardant, namely the hollow glass beads are adopted as the main flame retardant, the flame retardant is heated to form a glass state membrane wall structure oxygen-insulating layer for carrying out flame retardant effect, and simultaneously, the aluminum hydroxide and the magnesium hydroxide are adopted as the auxiliary flame retardants to play a synergistic flame retardant role. The two types of flame retardants act together to achieve a better flame retardant effect, and meanwhile, the good liquidity of the liquid material is guaranteed. By adopting the common flame retardant effect of the hollow glass beads and the aluminum hydroxide/magnesium hydroxide composite flame retardant, the flame retardant B2 and B1 effects are better achieved, and the oxygen index can reach 32.7.
4. The invention adopts the addition of the viscosity regulator, thereby better reducing the viscosity of the material and reducing the density of the unit liquid material. After the composite flame retardant and the viscosity regulator are added, the liquid material has better fluidity.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
Example 1
The composite flame-retardant single-component polyurethane foam gap filler comprises the following components:
Figure BDA0002773741420000031
the preparation method is as follows
1. Adding polyether polyol, G201, dimorpholinyl diethyl ether, hollow glass beads 20P100, aluminum hydroxide and dioctyl sebacate into a 2000ml glass beaker, and mixing and stirring for 2 hours to obtain a mixture;
2. putting the mixture obtained in the step 2) into a 1000ml aerosol can, then sequentially adding polymeric MDI (PM200), dimethyl ether and propane and butane, and obtaining a target product after swinging and standing for 24 hours.
Example 2
The composite flame-retardant single-component polyurethane foam gap filler comprises the following components:
Figure BDA0002773741420000041
(II) preparation method
1. Adding polyether polyol, G300, dimorpholinodiethyl ether, hollow glass microspheres 25P1500, aluminum hydroxide and tris (2-chloropropyl) phosphate into a 2000ml glass beaker, and mixing and stirring for 2 hours to obtain a mixture;
2. putting the mixture obtained in the step 2) into a 1000ml aerosol can, then sequentially adding polymeric MDI (PM200), dimethyl ether and propane-butane, and obtaining a target product after swinging and standing for 24 hours.
Example 3
The composite flame-retardant single-component polyurethane foam gap filler comprises the following components:
Figure BDA0002773741420000042
(II) preparation method
1. Adding polyether polyol, G300, dimorpholinodiethyl ether, hollow glass microspheres 25P1500, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide and tris (2-chloropropyl) phosphate into a 2000ml glass beaker, and mixing and stirring for 2 hours to obtain a mixture;
2. putting the mixture obtained in the step 2) into a 1000ml aerosol can, then sequentially adding polymeric MDI (PM200), dimethyl ether and propane-butane, and obtaining a target product after swinging and standing for 24 hours.
Example 4
The composite flame-retardant single-component polyurethane foam gap filler comprises the following components:
Figure BDA0002773741420000051
(II) preparation method
1. Adding polyether polyol, G300, dimorpholinodiethyl ether, hollow glass microspheres 15P500, magnesium hydroxide and tris (2-chloropropyl) phosphate into a 2000ml glass beaker, and mixing and stirring for 2 hours to obtain a mixture;
2. putting the mixture obtained in the step 2) into a 1000ml aerosol can, then sequentially adding polymeric MDI (PM200), dimethyl ether and propane-butane, and obtaining a target product after swinging and standing for 24 hours.
TABLE 1 data and results of the conventional one-component polyurethane foam joint mixture and the present invention embodiment
Product type Speed of curing (minutes) Oxygen index (%) Grade of combustion performance
General type 28 17.3 B3
Example 1 29 26.2 B2
Example 2 27 30.5 B2
Example 3 28 32.7 B1
Example 4 29 32.2 B1

Claims (9)

1. The composite flame-retardant single-component polyurethane foam gap filler is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
Figure FDA0002773741410000011
2. the composite flame retardant one-component polyurethane foam underfill according to claim 1, wherein the foam stabilizer is a silicone surfactant.
3. The flame retardant one-component polyurethane foam sealant according to claim 2, wherein the silicone surfactant is selected from one of silicone oil G300, G201, AK8856 and G5356.
4. The composite flame-retardant one-component polyurethane foam joint mixture according to claim 1, wherein the primary flame retardant is hollow glass beads.
5. The flame-retardant one-component polyurethane foam sealant according to claim 4, wherein the hollow glass beads are selected from the group consisting of 15P500, 20P100 and 25P 1500.
6. The flame retardant composite one-component polyurethane foam underfill according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary flame retardant is one or both of aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide.
7. The flame retardant one-component polyurethane foam underfill composition according to claim 1, wherein said viscosity modifier is dioctyl sebacate, dibutyl phthalate or tris (2-chloropropyl) phosphate.
8. The flame retardant one-component polyurethane foam underfill of claim 1, wherein said polymeric MDI is selected from one of PM200, 5005, 44V20 and M200.
9. The preparation method of the composite flame-retardant one-component polyurethane foam gap filler disclosed by any one of claims 1 to 8, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) the compounding material of the flame-retardant composite one-component polyurethane foam gap filler according to any one of claims 1 to 8;
2) mixing and stirring polyether polyol, a foam stabilizer, dimorpholinyl diethyl ether, a main flame retardant, an auxiliary flame retardant and a viscosity regulator for 1-3 hours to obtain a mixture;
3) putting the mixture obtained in the step 2) into an aerosol can, then sequentially adding polymeric MDI, dimethyl ether and propane and butane, and obtaining a target product after swinging and standing for 24 hours.
CN202011258115.2A 2020-11-12 2020-11-12 Composite flame-retardant single-component polyurethane foam gap filler and preparation method thereof Pending CN112375532A (en)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103333365A (en) * 2013-06-17 2013-10-02 青岛科技大学 Compound inorganic flame retardant and application thereof to carrying out flame retardance on EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer) composite material
CN106867111A (en) * 2017-03-24 2017-06-20 慈溪市佳华塑化有限公司 A kind of halogen-free flameproof PP
CN107880239A (en) * 2017-12-14 2018-04-06 安徽威朗化工科技有限公司 A kind of single-component cranny filler of polyurethane foam
CN111732782A (en) * 2020-07-04 2020-10-02 上海方之德新材料有限公司 High-oil-resistance irradiation crosslinking low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant polyolefin cable material

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103333365A (en) * 2013-06-17 2013-10-02 青岛科技大学 Compound inorganic flame retardant and application thereof to carrying out flame retardance on EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer) composite material
CN106867111A (en) * 2017-03-24 2017-06-20 慈溪市佳华塑化有限公司 A kind of halogen-free flameproof PP
CN107880239A (en) * 2017-12-14 2018-04-06 安徽威朗化工科技有限公司 A kind of single-component cranny filler of polyurethane foam
CN111732782A (en) * 2020-07-04 2020-10-02 上海方之德新材料有限公司 High-oil-resistance irradiation crosslinking low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant polyolefin cable material

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