CN112375398A - Light-colored high-filling plant fiber composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a light-color high-filling plant fiber composite material, which comprises the following raw materials: the invention adopts polybutylene adipate terephthalate as a matrix, has low processing temperature and is not easy to cause biomass filling carbonization to result in color deepening. In addition, the polybutylene adipate terephthalate has excellent wettability to plant fibers with high filling amount when being melted, can fully wrap fillers and is beneficial to improving the performance of materials. The method has the advantages that the plant fibers are firstly subjected to light-colored treatment before processing, the color of a product is prevented from being influenced after mixing, the color of the product is controlled, high filling of the plant fibers is realized by adopting a non-screw extrusion processing mode, the higher the filling amount is, the lower the cost is, and the better the mechanical property is.

Description

Light-colored high-filling plant fiber composite material and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to a composite material, in particular to a light-colored high-filling plant fiber composite material.

Background

With the continuous consumption of petrochemical resources and the increasing importance of people on the environment, bio-based materials have become an emerging hotspot. The biomass is used as filling to replace partial petrochemical materials, so that the mechanical strength of the materials is improved, and the use of petrochemical resources is reduced. Cellulose is widely present in plants as a natural polymer material with the highest yield known all over the world at present, and it is very meaningful to make full use of the cellulose.

The traditional wood plastic adopts wood flour as filling, but the current wood resources are in short supply, the growth cycle of the wood is long, and therefore a biomass material more suitable for filling needs to be found. The crop straws, reeds and the like are visible everywhere, the growth cycle is short, and the prepared cellulose is also very mature, so that the straw-plastic composite filled with the herbaceous plant fibers is developed by people. According to common knowledge, the longer the length of the filled fibers in the material, the more excellent the mechanical properties; the more fibres that are filled, the cheaper the cost of the material. Compared with filler of powder, the filler of the plant fiber can keep the fiber shape in the material, and the length of the fiber taken out after the material prepared by the invention is dissolved can reach centimeter level, so that the mechanical property is greatly improved. However, no matter the wood-plastic composite material or the plastic-straw composite material is used, the color of the filled material is brown or yellow and is difficult to adjust, so that the use environment of the material in life is greatly limited.

The dark color of the plant fiber filled composite material is generated because plants are rich in various micromolecular pigments and can quickly turn black after being heated and oxidized, in addition, the processing temperature of the basal body polyolefin of the common composite material is usually between 170 ℃ and 220 ℃ (for example, patent CN106183293B discloses a wood-plastic floor, the extrusion needs the processing temperature of 200 ℃, patent CN103483844B discloses a method for preparing the polyethylene and plant composite material, the preparation temperature is between 170 ℃ and 220 ℃), and the huge shearing force of a screw rod is accompanied, so that the plant fiber is quickly carbonized, the color of the product is darkened, and meanwhile, the unpleasant smell is emitted. In order to change the phenomenon, the problem of biomass discoloration needs to be solved, and a plastic matrix with low processing temperature is found to prevent carbonization of biomass fillers in the processing process, so that a material with a bio-based source, degradability, high filling, beauty and practicability is obtained.

Disclosure of Invention

Embodiments of the present invention aim to provide a light-colored highly filled plant fiber composite material to solve the above problems.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

a light-color high-filling plant fiber composite material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-45 parts of polybutylene adipate terephthalate, 50-80 parts of light-colored plant fibers, 0.5-1 part of antioxidant, 0.5-5 parts of toner and 2-5 parts of compatilizer.

In one alternative: the preparation method of the plant fiber subjected to light-colored treatment comprises the following steps: soaking the plant fiber in alkali-hydrogen peroxide mixed solution for 1-4 hours, washing with water to neutrality, and drying to obtain the product.

In one alternative: the alkali-hydrogen peroxide mixed solution is prepared by mixing 5% of sodium hydroxide solution and 30% of hydrogen peroxide solution in a ratio of 1:1-5, and the actual proportion and the soaking time are regulated and controlled according to the types of the plant fibers.

In one alternative: the antioxidant is hindered amine antioxidant.

In one alternative: the antioxidant is compounded by an antioxidant 1010 and an antioxidant 168.

In one alternative: the toner is titanium dioxide.

In one alternative: the compatilizer is maleic anhydride grafted polybutylene adipate terephthalate or acrylic compatilizer.

The preparation method of the light-color high-filling plant fiber composite material comprises the following steps:

1) weighing the raw materials according to the proportion;

2) uniformly mixing polybutylene adipate terephthalate, light-colored plant fibers, an antioxidant, a toner and a compatilizer, uniformly mixing at 140 ℃ by using processing equipment, and granulating;

3) then injection molding or die pressing or extrusion is adopted for preparation and molding.

Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the polybutylene adipate terephthalate is adopted as a matrix, the processing temperature is low, and the biomass filling is not easy to carbonize to cause the color to become dark. In addition, the polybutylene adipate terephthalate has excellent wettability to plant fibers with high filling amount when being melted, can fully wrap fillers and is beneficial to improving the performance of materials. Meanwhile, the polybutylene adipate terephthalate is a biological source, can be degraded and is a green environment-friendly material, and has small environmental burden.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples, which are provided for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any obvious modifications or variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.

Example 1

In the embodiment of the invention, the following raw materials are prepared: 15g of polybutylene adipate terephthalate, 80g of reed fibers, 10100.25 g of antioxidant, 1680.25 g of antioxidant, 2.5g of titanium dioxide and 2g of maleic anhydride grafted polybutylene adipate terephthalate, soaking the reed fibers in a solution prepared by 5% of NAOH solution and 30% of hydrogen peroxide solution in a volume ratio of 1:2, observing the complete fading and whitening of the reed fibers after soaking for 2 hours, washing with water to be neutral, drying and collecting to obtain light-colored reed fibers, adding the polybutylene adipate, the light-colored reed fibers, the antioxidant 1010, the antioxidant 168, the titanium dioxide and the maleic anhydride grafted polybutylene adipate terephthalate into an internal mixer, blending for 5 minutes at 140 ℃, taking out products, and carrying out compression molding to be tested.

Example 2

In the embodiment of the invention, the following raw materials are prepared: 45g of polybutylene adipate terephthalate, 50g of corn straw, 10100.25 g of antioxidant, 1680.25 g of antioxidant, 0.5g of titanium dioxide and 4g of ethylene-methyl acrylate-glycidyl methacrylate random terpolymer, soaking corn straw cellulose into a solution prepared from a 5% NAOH solution and a 30% hydrogen peroxide solution in a volume ratio of 1:1, observing the corn cob fibers after soaking for 1 hour, completely fading and whitening the corn cob fibers, washing with water to be neutral, drying and collecting to obtain light-colored corn straw, adding the polybutylene adipate, the light-colored corn straw, the antioxidant 1010, the antioxidant 168, the titanium dioxide and the ethylene-methyl acrylate-glycidyl methacrylate random terpolymer into a micro double-screw extruder, extruding at 135 ℃, and performing injection molding to obtain the corn cob fibers to be tested.

Example 3

In the embodiment of the invention, the following raw materials are prepared: 30g of polybutylene adipate terephthalate, 60g of palm fiber, 10100.5 g of antioxidant, 1680.5 g of antioxidant, 5g of titanium dioxide and 5g of ethylene-methyl acrylate-glycidyl methacrylate random terpolymer, soaking the palm fiber into a solution prepared by mixing a 5% NAOH solution and a 30% hydrogen peroxide solution in a volume ratio of 1:4, observing the palm fiber to completely fade and whiten after soaking for 4 hours, washing with water to be neutral, drying and collecting light-colored palm fiber, adding the polybutylene adipate terephthalate, the light-colored palm fiber, the oxidant 1010, the antioxidant 168, the titanium dioxide and the ethylene-methyl acrylate-glycidyl methacrylate random terpolymer into an internal mixer, blending for 6 minutes at 145 ℃, and then molding and pressing in a flat vulcanizing machine to be tested.

Example 4

In the embodiment of the invention, the following raw materials are prepared: 40g of polybutylene adipate terephthalate, 50g of flax fibers, 10100.5 g of antioxidant, 1680.5 g of antioxidant, 4g of titanium dioxide and 5g of ethylene-methyl acrylate-glycidyl methacrylate random terpolymer, soaking the flax fibers into a solution prepared by mixing a 5% NAOH solution and a 30% hydrogen peroxide solution in a volume ratio of 1:1, observing the flax fibers to completely fade and whiten after soaking for 1 hour, washing with water to be neutral, drying and collecting to obtain light-colored treated flax fibers, adding the polybutylene adipate terephthalate, the light-colored treated flax fibers, the antioxidant 1010, the antioxidant 168, the titanium dioxide and the ethylene-methyl acrylate-glycidyl methacrylate random terpolymer into an internal mixer, blending for 6 minutes at 140 ℃, and performing injection molding by using a micro injection molding machine to obtain the flax fibers to be tested.

Comparative example 1

The following raw materials were prepared: 15g of polybutylene adipate terephthalate, 80g of reed fibers, 10100.25 g of antioxidant, 1680.25 g of antioxidant, 2.5g of titanium dioxide and 2g of maleic anhydride grafted polybutylene adipate terephthalate, washing the reed fibers, drying and collecting, adding the polybutylene adipate terephthalate, the reed fibers, 1010 of antioxidant, 168 of antioxidant, the titanium dioxide and the maleic anhydride grafted polybutylene adipate terephthalate into an internal mixer, blending for 5 minutes at 140 ℃, taking out products, and then carrying out compression molding to be tested.

Comparative example 2

The following raw materials were prepared: 15g of PP, 80g of reed fiber, 10100.25 g of antioxidant, 1680.25 g of antioxidant and 2g of maleic anhydride grafted PP, washing the reed fiber, drying and collecting, adding the PP, the reed fiber, the antioxidant 1010, the antioxidant 168 and the maleic anhydride grafted PP into an internal mixer, blending for 5 minutes at 200 ℃, taking out the product, and then molding by compression to be tested.

Analysis of mechanical test results

From mechanical strength analysis, the formulas of the comparative example 1 and the example 1 are basically consistent, the only difference is that the fiber is subjected to light-coloring treatment in the example 1, the fiber is not subjected to light-coloring treatment in the comparative example 1, the mechanical data of the fiber and the comparative example 1 are basically consistent, and the fact that the material performance after filling is not affected by the light-coloring treatment of the biomass filler can be judged.

LAB color analysis

Group of	L	A	B
				Example 1	83.08	1.05	7.09
Example 2	76.18	1.78	10.19
				Example 3	89.34	1.01	6.59
Example 4	88.11	1.52	6.87
				Comparative example 2	26.73	7.04	11.67

From LAB color analysis, the material prepared by combining the light-colored biomass filling and the low-temperature matrix plastic used in the invention is far better than the material prepared by directly blending the traditional general plastic and the biomass in L (namely white).

The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present disclosure, but the scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present disclosure, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the protection scope of the present disclosure shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (8)

1. The light-color high-filling plant fiber composite material is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-45 parts of polybutylene adipate terephthalate, 50-80 parts of light-colored plant fibers, 0.5-1 part of antioxidant, 0.5-5 parts of toner and 2-5 parts of compatilizer.

2. The light-colored highly filled plant fiber composite material according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the light-colored plant fiber is as follows: soaking the fiber in alkali-hydrogen peroxide mixed solution for 1-4 hours, washing with water to neutrality, and drying to obtain the fiber.

3. The light-colored highly-filled plant fiber composite material as claimed in claim 2, wherein the alkali-hydrogen peroxide mixed solution is a mixture of a 5% sodium hydroxide solution and a 30% hydrogen peroxide solution in a ratio of 1: 1-5.

4. The light-colored highly filled plant fiber composite material according to claim 1, wherein the antioxidant is a hindered amine antioxidant.

5. The light-colored highly filled plant fiber composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the antioxidant is a combination of antioxidant 1010 and antioxidant 168.

6. The light-colored highly filled plant fiber composite according to claim 1, wherein the toner is titanium dioxide.

7. The light-colored highly filled plant fiber composite according to claim 1, wherein the compatibilizer is maleic anhydride-grafted polybutylene adipate-terephthalate or an acrylic compatibilizer.

8. The method for preparing the light-colored highly filled plant fiber composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:

1) weighing the raw materials according to the proportion;

2) uniformly mixing polybutylene adipate terephthalate, light-colored plant fibers, an antioxidant, a toner and a compatilizer, uniformly mixing at 140 ℃ by using processing equipment, and granulating;

3) then injection molding or die pressing or extrusion is adopted for preparation and molding.