CN112374724A - Sediment dehydrating agent and dehydrating method - Google Patents
Sediment dehydrating agent and dehydrating method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112374724A CN112374724A CN202011400828.8A CN202011400828A CN112374724A CN 112374724 A CN112374724 A CN 112374724A CN 202011400828 A CN202011400828 A CN 202011400828A CN 112374724 A CN112374724 A CN 112374724A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/14—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents
- C02F11/143—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents using inorganic substances
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Abstract
The invention relates to a substrate sludge dehydrating agent and a dehydrating method, which take sludge as a raw material to prepare biochar to activate persulfate so as to improve the dehydrating effect of substrate sludge. Firstly, biochar can improve the dehydration performance of bottom sludge through the skeleton construction effect, active sites generated after high-temperature cracking of sludge and metal ions contained in the active sites can activate persulfate to generate sulfate radicals with strong oxidizing property, extracellular polymers are cracked, and bound water is released to further improve the dehydration performance of the bottom sludge. Thereby reducing the volume of the bottom mud and facilitating the subsequent resource utilization of the bottom mud.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sludge treatment and environment treatment, in particular to a sediment dehydrating agent and a dehydrating method.
Background
The sediment is sediment accumulated at the bottom of water bodies such as rivers, lakes, reservoirs and the like for a long time and is an important factor influencing the quality condition of the water environment. With the rapid development of global social economy, the urban industrialization is intensified, and the problems brought to the environment are increased gradually. Wherein, the pollutants are deposited in the bottom mud and gradually enriched by atmospheric sedimentation, wastewater discharge, rainwater leaching and the like. And overflow discharge of a sewage pumping station and mass discharge of domestic sewage and industrial sewage. Leading to the continuous enrichment of heavy metal content and various pollutants, and the pollution problem becomes more serious due to the rapid increase of the content. Therefore, how to effectively treat and dispose the bottom sludge and realize the reduction, harmlessness and resource formation of the bottom sludge is an urgent problem which needs to be solved at present.
At present, domestic sediment treatment and disposal capacity is insufficient, treatment means is backward, a large amount of sediment cannot be treated reasonably and standardly, and the ecological environment is seriously harmed. One of the best treatment modes of the river and lake bottom mud is recycling, and the prior art mainly comprises the steps of bottom mud land utilization, building material manufacturing, filling material after solidification and charcoal preparation. The river and lake bottom mud has high water content as the sludge, and is generally 96%. The water content of the bottom mud becomes a key factor for limiting the treatment and disposal of the bottom mud. In addition, the higher water content is accompanied by the problems of large volume of the bottom mud, high transportation cost, wide occupied area and the like. The cost of sediment treatment mainly includes transportation cost and final disposal cost, and the key factor influencing the cost is the amount of sediment, and the cost can be handled by greatly reduced sediment moisture content reduction. Therefore, improving the dehydration efficiency of the bottom sludge and reducing the water content of the sludge become one of the problems to be solved urgently in the technical field of bottom sludge treatment and environmental science.
The dewatering performance of the bottom sludge is influenced by various factors, mainly including: the existing form of the sediment moisture, the size and distribution of sediment particles, surface charge, extracellular polymers and the like. Wherein, the organic sludge floc structure formed by Extracellular Polymeric Substances (EPS) has high hydrophilicity and strong wrapping capacity, and prevents the sediment from releasing bound water in the treatment process. In addition, the bottom sediment floc has high organic matter content and high compressibility, and can block the pores of a filter cake in the later stage of filtration, so that the mechanical dehydration efficiency is low; and the sludge flocs stably suspend in water in a colloidal form and are difficult to agglomerate and settle. Therefore, in order to improve the sludge dewatering efficiency, the existing research adopts a series of pretreatment measures to condition the bottom sludge, such as destroying extracellular polymeric substances of the bottom sludge and changing the surface characteristics of the bottom sludge; increasing the particle size of the sediment particles, promoting the sediment particles to destabilize, aggregate and settle, and the like.
The existing method for improving dehydration efficiency mainly comprises the following steps: physical, chemical and biological methods. The dehydration degree of the bottom sludge after physical treatment can be greatly improved, the water content is generally below 50%, but the sludge pretreatment process is complex, the manufacturing is difficult, a large amount of energy is consumed in the reaction, and the cost is relatively high. The biological dehydration efficiency is limited and can be reduced to 70 percent, and the overall development is limited due to factors such as difficult microorganism selection, complex culture process, long culture period and the like. The chemical method is the most studied method at present, can improve the dehydration performance of the sediment by changing the properties of the sediment, and has simple operation and stable effect. The current mature chemical methods mainly comprise acid treatment, advanced oxidation technology, heat treatment and the like. In order to maximize dewatering performance and optimize economic performance, the combination of different methods and synergistic effects are often used to achieve the goal.
In the field of dehydration, Fenton oxidation, electrochemical oxidation and Fenton-like oxidation methods are commonly used in advanced oxidation technology at present. The persulfate-based advanced oxidation technology is one of the most promising technologies at present. Persulfate accessible metal ion or biological carbon activation produce the persulfate free radical that has strong oxidizing property and destroy the structure of bed mud extracellular polymeric substance to change its surface charge, release the bound water, can promote the dewatering performance of bed mud greatly. The sludge contains a large amount of organic matters, so that the sludge can be used for preparing biochar, and active sites contained in the sludge can be used for activating persulfate. Therefore, the biochar activated persulfate prepared based on the bottom sediment is feasible and effective in improving the dehydration performance of the bottom sediment.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a substrate sludge dehydrating agent and a dehydrating method, which utilize the waste sludge to prepare the active sites of the biochar to activate persulfate, thereby realizing the recycling and cyclic utilization of the sludge.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a substrate sludge dehydrating agent is characterized in that: the method comprises biochar and persulfate reagent, wherein the dosage of the biochar is 10-40 mg and the dosage of the persulfate reagent is 40-80 mg in every 1g of bottom sludge to be dehydrated.
Preferably, the preparation of the biochar comprises the following steps: air-drying and drying the sludge, grinding and screening to obtain sludge powder, and drying and storing for later use; and (4) taking sludge powder, carbonizing and screening to obtain the required biochar.
Further, the carbonization temperature is 750-900 ℃, the heating rate is 10 ℃/min, and the retention time is 2-3 h.
Preferably, the persulfate reagent is a persulfate salt containing a persulfate radical.
Further, the persulfate is sodium persulfate.
A dewatering method characterized by: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) adding biochar into the bottom sludge, and stirring at normal temperature;
(2) then adding a persulfate reagent, and stirring at 20-80 ℃;
(3) putting the bottom mud treated in the step (2) into a capillary absorption time determinator and a specific resistance determination device;
(4) and (4) putting the bottom sludge subjected to suction filtration by the specific resistance measuring device in the step (3) into a halogen moisture meter, and measuring the moisture content.
Preferably, the water content of the bottom mud in the step (1) is 90-98%.
Preferably, in the step (1), the stirring time is 15 minutes; in the step (2), the stirring time was 15 minutes.
Preferably, the stirring temperature in step (2) is 60 ℃.
The beneficial effects obtained by the invention are as follows: the sludge is used as a raw material to prepare the biochar to activate persulfate, so that the dehydration effect of the bottom sludge is improved. Firstly, biochar can improve the dehydration performance of bottom sludge through the skeleton construction effect, active sites generated after high-temperature cracking of sludge and metal ions contained in the active sites can activate persulfate to generate sulfate radicals with strong oxidizing property, extracellular polymers are cracked, and bound water is released to further improve the dehydration performance of the bottom sludge. Thereby reducing the volume of the bottom mud and facilitating the subsequent resource utilization of the bottom mud. The waste sludge is used for preparing the active site of the biochar to activate persulfate, so that the sludge is recycled; and the water content of the bottom mud can be reduced, the volume can be greatly reduced, and a foundation is laid for the application of subsequent treatment and disposal of the bottom mud. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the sludge biochar prepared by using the sludge has a pore structure and active sites, can adsorb part of heavy metals in the bottom sludge, and avoids secondary pollution; meanwhile, persulfate can be activated, so that the dehydration performance of the bottom mud is improved;
(2) the specific resistance and capillary water absorption can be obviously reduced, the water content of the bottom mud is reduced, the volume of the bottom mud is reduced, and a foundation is laid for final treatment and introduction of the bottom mud;
(3) the sediment is conditioned in an advanced oxidation mode, the structure of extracellular polymers of the sediment is changed, the bound water is released, the surface charge is changed, and the water is easier to separate; and the pore structure of the bottom mud is changed, so that the dehydration and drying efficiency is higher. And the energy consumption is lower, the operation is simple, the operation and management are convenient, and the transaction is implemented.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
The substrate sludge dehydrating agent comprises biochar and persulfate reagent, wherein the consumption of the biochar is 10-40 mg and the consumption of the persulfate reagent is 40-80 mg in each 1g of substrate sludge to be dehydrated. According to the sediment with different properties, the dosages of the biochar and the persulfate can be correspondingly adjusted, and the dehydration performance is improved by destroying the structure of extracellular polymers of the sediment, releasing bound water and changing surface charges.
The specific steps for preparing the biochar are as follows: naturally drying and drying the sludge, grinding the sludge by using a ball mill, sieving the sludge by using a 100-mesh sieve to obtain sludge powder, and drying and storing the sludge powder for later use; and (3) burning part of sludge powder at 850 ℃ for 3h (carbonizing), sieving with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain the required biochar, and drying and storing for later use.
The persulfate reagent is a persulfate salt containing a persulfate radical (e.g., peroxymonosulfate and peroxydisulfate), with sodium persulfate being the most preferred.
A dewatering method comprising the steps of:
(1) adding biochar into the bottom sludge with the water content of 90-98%, and stirring at normal temperature;
(2) then adding a persulfate reagent, and stirring at 20-80 ℃;
(3) putting the bottom sludge treated in the step (2) into a capillary absorption time measuring instrument (CST measuring instrument) and a specific resistance measuring device;
(4) and (4) putting the bottom sludge subjected to suction filtration by the specific resistance measuring device in the step (3) into a halogen moisture meter, and measuring the moisture content.
Example one
A biochar activated sodium persulfate prepared from sludge improves the dehydration performance of bottom sludge, and the process is as follows:
(1) grinding the naturally air-dried and dried sludge by a ball mill, sieving by a 100-mesh sieve, and drying and storing for later use;
(2) fully incinerating part of the sludge fine materials obtained in the step (1) at 850 ℃ for 3 hours, sieving the sludge fine materials with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain biochar, and drying and storing the biochar for later use;
(3) adding 20mg/g of biochar prepared from sludge into the bottom sludge with higher water content, and stirring for 15 min;
(4) then adding 60mg/g of sodium persulfate, and stirring for 15 min;
(5) and (5) taking the bottom sludge obtained in the step (4), and detecting Specific Resistance (SRF) and capillary water absorption (CST) to compare with those before conditioning.
The parameters of the sediment before and after conditioning are shown in the following table:
example two
A biochar activated sodium persulfate prepared from sludge improves the dehydration performance of bottom sludge, and the process is as follows:
(1) grinding the naturally air-dried and dried sludge by a ball mill, sieving by a 100-mesh sieve, and drying and storing for later use;
(2) fully incinerating part of the sludge fine materials obtained in the step (1) at 850 ℃ for 3 hours, sieving the sludge fine materials with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain biochar, and drying and storing the biochar for later use;
(3) adding 10mg/g of biochar prepared from sludge into the bottom sludge with higher water content, and stirring for 15 min;
(4) then adding 40mg/g of sodium persulfate, and stirring for 15 min;
(5) and (5) taking the bottom sludge obtained in the step (4), and detecting Specific Resistance (SRF) and capillary water absorption (CST) to compare with those before conditioning.
The parameters of the sediment before and after conditioning are shown in the following table:
example three
A biochar activated sodium persulfate prepared from sludge improves the dehydration performance of bottom sludge, and the process is as follows:
(1) grinding the naturally air-dried and dried sludge by a ball mill, sieving by a 100-mesh sieve, and drying and storing for later use;
(2) fully incinerating part of the sludge fine materials obtained in the step (1) at 850 ℃ for 3 hours, sieving the sludge fine materials with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain biochar, and drying and storing the biochar for later use;
(3) adding 40mg/g of biochar prepared from sludge into the bottom sludge with higher water content, and stirring for 15 min;
(4) then adding 80mg/g of sodium persulfate, and stirring for 15 min;
(5) and (5) taking the bottom sludge obtained in the step (4), and detecting Specific Resistance (SRF) and capillary water absorption (CST) to compare with those before conditioning.
The parameters of the sediment before and after conditioning are shown in the following table:
example four
A method for improving sludge dewatering performance by activating sodium persulfate with biochar prepared from sludge comprises the following steps:
(1) grinding the naturally air-dried and dried sludge by a ball mill, sieving by a 100-mesh sieve, and drying and storing for later use;
(2) fully incinerating part of the sludge fine materials obtained in the step (1) at 900 ℃ for 2 hours, sieving the sludge fine materials by a 100-mesh sieve to obtain sludge biochar, and drying and storing the sludge biochar for later use;
(3) adding 20mg/g of biochar prepared from sludge into the bottom sludge with higher water content, and stirring for 10min at normal temperature;
(4) then adding 60mg/g potassium monopersulfate, and stirring for 10min at 60 ℃;
(5) and (5) taking the bottom sludge obtained in the step (4), and detecting Specific Resistance (SRF) and capillary water absorption (CST) to compare with those before conditioning.
The parameters of the sediment before and after conditioning are shown in the following table:
example five
A method for improving sludge dewatering performance by activating sodium persulfate with biochar prepared from sludge comprises the following steps:
(1) grinding the naturally air-dried and dried sludge by a ball mill, sieving by a 100-mesh sieve, and drying and storing for later use;
(2) fully incinerating part of the sludge fine materials obtained in the step (1) at 850 ℃ for 2 hours, sieving the sludge fine materials by a 100-mesh sieve to obtain sludge biochar, and drying and storing the sludge biochar for later use;
(3) adding 20mg/g of biochar prepared from sludge into the bottom sludge with higher water content, and stirring for 10min at normal temperature;
(4) then adding 60mg/g potassium monopersulfate, and stirring for 10min at 60 ℃;
(5) and (5) taking the bottom sludge obtained in the step (4), and detecting Specific Resistance (SRF) and capillary water absorption (CST) to compare with those before conditioning.
The parameters of the sediment before and after conditioning are shown in the following table:
example six
A method for improving sludge dewatering performance by activating sodium persulfate with biochar prepared from sludge comprises the following steps:
(1) grinding the naturally air-dried and dried sludge by a ball mill, sieving by a 100-mesh sieve, and drying and storing for later use;
(2) fully incinerating part of the sludge fine materials obtained in the step (1) at 750 ℃ for 2 hours, sieving the sludge fine materials by a 100-mesh sieve to obtain sludge biochar, and drying and storing the sludge biochar for later use;
(3) adding 20mg/g of biochar prepared from sludge into the bottom sludge with higher water content, and stirring for 10min at normal temperature;
(4) then adding 60mg/g potassium monopersulfate, and stirring for 10min at 60 ℃;
(5) and (5) taking the bottom sludge obtained in the step (4), and detecting Specific Resistance (SRF) and capillary water absorption (CST) to compare with those before conditioning.
The parameters of the sediment before and after conditioning are shown in the following table:
as can be seen from the above examples, in the temperature range set by the present example, the dehydration performance of the bottom mud is improved along with the increase of the carbonization time of the biochar; in the doping amount range set in the embodiment, the addition amount of the persulfate and the addition amount of the catalyst are increased, so that the dehydration performance of the bottom mud is improved; the specific resistance and the capillary water absorption time of the conditioned sediment are obviously reduced, and the dehydration performance is obviously improved.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and principal structural features of the present invention. The present invention is not limited to the above examples, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which fall within the scope of the claimed invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (9)
1. A substrate sludge dehydrating agent is characterized in that: the method comprises biochar and persulfate reagent, wherein the dosage of the biochar is 10-40 mg and the dosage of the persulfate reagent is 40-80 mg in every 1g of bottom sludge to be dehydrated.
2. The sediment dewatering agent of claim 1, wherein: the preparation of the biochar comprises the following steps: air-drying and drying the sludge, grinding and screening to obtain sludge powder, and drying and storing for later use; and (4) taking sludge powder, carbonizing and screening to obtain the required biochar.
3. The sediment dewatering agent of claim 2, wherein: the carbonization temperature is 750-900 ℃, the heating rate is 10 ℃/min, and the retention time is 2-3 h.
4. The sediment dewatering agent of claim 1, wherein: the persulfate reagent is persulfate containing persulfate free radicals.
5. The sediment dewatering agent of claim 5, wherein: the persulfate is sodium persulfate.
6. A dewatering method characterized by: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) adding biochar into the bottom sludge, and stirring at normal temperature;
(2) then adding a persulfate reagent, and stirring at 20-80 ℃;
(3) putting the bottom mud treated in the step (2) into a capillary absorption time determinator and a specific resistance determination device;
(4) and (4) putting the bottom sludge subjected to suction filtration by the specific resistance measuring device in the step (3) into a halogen moisture meter, and measuring the moisture content.
7. The dewatering method according to claim 6, characterized in that: the water content of the bottom mud in the step (1) is 90-98%.
8. The dewatering method according to claim 6, characterized in that: in the step (1), the stirring time is 15 minutes; in the step (2), the stirring time was 15 minutes.
9. The dewatering method according to claim 6, characterized in that: the stirring temperature in the step (2) was 60 ℃.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114229826A (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-03-25 | 广东工业大学 | Printing and dyeing sludge biochar and preparation method and application thereof |
Citations (3)
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| CN110204174A (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2019-09-06 | 河北工业大学 | A method of conditioning sludge dewatering |
| CN111389368A (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2020-07-10 | 徐州工程学院 | Preparation method of excess sludge biochar and application of excess sludge biochar in removing tetracycline in water |
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| CN110204174A (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2019-09-06 | 河北工业大学 | A method of conditioning sludge dewatering |
| CN111389368A (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2020-07-10 | 徐州工程学院 | Preparation method of excess sludge biochar and application of excess sludge biochar in removing tetracycline in water |
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Non-Patent Citations (1)
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| JUNYUAN GUO等: "Insight into the improvement of dewatering performance of waste activated sludge and the corresponding mechanism by biochar-activated persulfate oxidation", 《SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT》 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114229826A (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-03-25 | 广东工业大学 | Printing and dyeing sludge biochar and preparation method and application thereof |
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