CN112373706B - Flexible air refueling damping-variable stable umbrella - Google Patents
Flexible air refueling damping-variable stable umbrella Download PDFInfo
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- CN112373706B CN112373706B CN202011169255.2A CN202011169255A CN112373706B CN 112373706 B CN112373706 B CN 112373706B CN 202011169255 A CN202011169255 A CN 202011169255A CN 112373706 B CN112373706 B CN 112373706B
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- connecting rod
- taper sleeve
- leaf spring
- fixedly connected
- umbrella
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- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
- B64D39/00—Refuelling during flight
- B64D39/04—Adaptations of hose construction
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
- B64D17/00—Parachutes
- B64D17/80—Parachutes in association with aircraft, e.g. for braking thereof
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a flexible air refueling variable damping stable umbrella, which comprises a taper sleeve, an umbrella cover, n supports and n sheet springs, wherein the taper sleeve is fixedly connected with the umbrella cover; the n brackets are uniformly arranged at one end of the taper sleeve along the circumferential direction of the axis of the taper sleeve, the root parts of the brackets are fixedly connected with the taper sleeve, and the end parts of the brackets are scattered outwards; the root of the leaf spring is fixedly connected with the end part of the corresponding bracket, so that the end part of the leaf spring points inwards to the axis of the taper sleeve and deforms when receiving pneumatic load; the canopy is annular, is made of a material with the elastic modulus larger than a preset elastic modulus threshold value, is fixedly connected with the n sheet springs one by one, and deforms through the deformation of the sheet springs to further change the windward area. The invention can realize the self-adaptive control of resistance, the change of the dragging position of the taper sleeve is far smaller than that of the traditional refueling stabilizing umbrella, the speed domain and the height domain covered by the traditional refueling stabilizing umbrella can be effectively widened, and the soft type aerial refueling technology is obviously improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aerial refueling, in particular to a flexible aerial refueling variable damping stabilizing umbrella.
Background
The air refueling technology has important strategic value in the aviation field at the present stage, wherein hose-taper sleeve type (soft for short) refueling is widely adopted by countries in the world due to simple equipment structure, easy disassembly and assembly and low requirement on a refueling machine. The main equipment for soft air refueling is a refueling hose with a taper sleeve. The refueling taper sleeve is one of core components of the soft refueling device, and an annular stabilizing umbrella arranged on the refueling taper sleeve is funnel-shaped after being opened, so that the butt joint range of a fuel receiving joint can be enlarged, enough resistance can be provided, and the tail end of a hose can be kept relatively stable under the comprehensive influence of wing tip vortex, engine jet flow and atmospheric turbulence.
At present, the aerial refueling stable umbrellas used in various countries are generally in fixed shapes and constant in resistance characteristics, when the incoming flow speed and the air density are high, the resistance generated by the stable umbrellas is too high, so that a hose winch is damaged, and the safety of an airplane is threatened, so that the stable umbrellas with the traditional structures are divided into high-speed umbrellas and low-speed umbrellas according to use scenes. The low-speed umbrella has large umbrella cover area and large resistance coefficient, and is suitable for low-speed refueling tasks, such as helicopter refueling, wherein the speed of a refueling machine is about 130 knots; the umbrella cover area of the high-speed umbrella is smaller than that of the low-speed umbrella, the drag coefficient is lower, and the high-speed umbrella is suitable for high-speed refueling tasks, such as refueling for jet airplanes and the like, and the refueling machine speed usually needs 350 sections. This mismatch in fueling environments results in fuel dispensers that are unable to simultaneously refuel different types of aircraft within the same mission shift, requiring a descent to switch between low and high speed fueling apparatuses, a process that typically takes at least 30 minutes.
In order to overcome the problems, the industry provides a concept of a variable damping stable umbrella, namely the resistance characteristics of the stable umbrella under different working conditions are changed by a certain control means, the integral resistance of a taper sleeve and the response capability of a hose are kept in a wider speed range, the universal refueling of a set of equipment is realized, and the application range of a soft refueling system is expanded. For the variable damping stable umbrella, the related research at foreign countries is more, and at present, there are three ideas.
The first is to use a double-layer canopy structure, only one canopy is used for reducing resistance when the umbrella is used at a high speed, and the second canopy is released when the resistance needs to be increased at a low speed. When the structure is used, an additional control device is needed to control the retraction of the two canopies, and the self-adaptive capacity is not available.
The second is that the umbrella support angle is changed by a movable framework, namely a taper sleeve support arm with a variable opening angle, so that the windward area of the umbrella coat is changed, and the change of the resistance is realized. Kirkland William has proposed various designs for the mobile scaffold. The scheme has large modification on the stable umbrella structure, and the whole safety is influenced because the structure is easy to collide when the stable umbrella is butted by the oil plugs, and the self-adaptive control of resistance cannot be realized.
The third concept is the aeroelastic control technique. For example, a canopy having a large elastic modulus is used, a hole is formed in the canopy, and the size of the hole is automatically adjusted by deforming the canopy under aerodynamic force, thereby increasing or decreasing the resistance. However, due to the fatigue property of the material, the shape of the opening of the canopy changes after long-term use, which causes asymmetric resistance of the stabilizing umbrella, thereby affecting the overall performance and reducing the stability.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of the prior art, and provides a soft air refueling variable damping stabilizing umbrella which can be simultaneously suitable for low-speed and high-speed refueling, provides approximately equivalent resistance when the flight condition is greatly changed, ensures that the sinking amount of a taper sleeve is in a standard range, saves the time for replacing equipment and increases the refueling envelope line of a refueling machine.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme for solving the technical problems:
a variable damping stabilizing umbrella for soft air refueling comprises a taper sleeve, an umbrella cover, n supports and n sheet springs, wherein n is a natural number more than or equal to 3;
the n brackets and the n sheet springs are in one-to-one correspondence, wherein the n brackets are uniformly arranged at one end of the taper sleeve along the circumferential direction of the axis of the taper sleeve, the root parts of the brackets are fixedly connected with the taper sleeve, and the end parts of the brackets are scattered outwards; the flaky spring is an arc-shaped sheet made of metal or composite material, and deforms when receiving pneumatic load, and the root of the flaky spring is fixedly connected with the end part of the corresponding support, so that the end part of the flaky spring points inwards to the axis of the taper sleeve;
the other end of the taper sleeve is connected with an oil filling hose;
the canopy is annular, is made of a material with the elastic modulus larger than a preset elastic modulus threshold value, is fixedly connected with the n sheet springs one by one, and deforms through the deformation of the sheet springs to further change the windward area.
As a further optimization scheme of the variable damping stabilizing umbrella for soft aerial refueling, the n sheet springs are correspondingly and fixedly connected with the n supports through n fixed seats which are in one-to-one correspondence with the sheet springs;
the root of the leaf spring is provided with a connector, the end part of the bracket is provided with a connecting seat which is matched with the leaf spring connector, and the leaf spring is fixed at the corresponding end part of the bracket through the corresponding connecting seat after being connected with the connector and the connecting seat at the corresponding end part of the bracket through the root of the leaf spring;
the connector comprises a buckle and a limiting block, the buckle and the limiting block are fixedly connected with the root of the flaky spring, and the limiting block is perpendicular to the buckle;
the connecting seat is provided with a clamping groove and a limiting groove, and when the buckle of the sheet spring is matched with the clamping groove of the corresponding bracket, the limiting block of the sheet spring is matched with the limiting groove of the corresponding bracket;
the fixed seat comprises a fixed sleeve, a first connecting rod and a second connecting rod, and the fixed sleeve is sleeved at the root of the corresponding leaf spring and is in clearance fit with the leaf spring; the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are arranged in parallel, one end of each connecting rod is fixedly connected with the fixed sleeve, the other end of each connecting rod is provided with a through hole, and the through holes in the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are coaxial;
the end part of the bracket is provided with a through hole which is matched with the through holes on the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod of the corresponding fixing seat;
the fixing sleeve of the fixing seat is sleeved at the root of the corresponding leaf spring, and the fixing seat is fixed at the end part of the corresponding support after passing through the through hole in the first connecting rod, the through hole at the end part of the support and the through hole in the second connecting rod in sequence through the bolt, so that the deformation degree of the corresponding leaf spring is limited, and the leaf spring is prevented from being broken.
Compared with the prior art, the invention adopting the technical scheme has the following technical effects:
the invention can realize the self-adaptive control of resistance, the change of the dragging position of the taper sleeve is far smaller than that of the traditional refueling stabilizing umbrella, the speed domain and the height domain covered by the traditional refueling stabilizing umbrella can be effectively widened, and the soft type aerial refueling technology is obviously improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a variable damping stabilizing umbrella;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a leaf spring in a variable damping stabilizing umbrella;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the support in the variable damping stabilizing umbrella;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged detail view of the leaf spring B;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged detail view of bracket A;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a fixing seat in a variable damping stabilizing umbrella;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the leaf spring, the fixing seat and the bracket.
In the figure, 1-taper sleeve, 2-bracket, 3-fixing base, 4-sheet spring, 5-umbrella coat, 6-bolt hole at the root of bracket for connecting with taper sleeve, 7-clamping groove, 8-limiting groove, 9-through hole at the end of bracket for matching with fixing base, 10-first connecting rod, 11-buckle, 12-limiting block.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained in detail by combining the attached drawings:
the present invention may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. In the drawings, components are exaggerated for clarity.
As shown in figure 1, the invention discloses a variable damping stabilizing umbrella for soft air refueling, which comprises a taper sleeve, an umbrella cover, n supports and n sheet springs, wherein n is a natural number more than or equal to 3.
The n brackets and the n sheet springs are in one-to-one correspondence, wherein the n brackets are uniformly arranged at one end of the taper sleeve along the circumferential direction of the axis of the taper sleeve, the root parts of the brackets are fixedly connected with the taper sleeve, and the end parts of the brackets are scattered outwards; the flaky spring is an arc-shaped sheet made of metal or composite material, and deforms when receiving pneumatic load, and the root of the flaky spring is fixedly connected with the end part of the corresponding support, so that the end part of the flaky spring points inwards to the axis of the taper sleeve;
the other end of the taper sleeve is connected with an oil filling hose;
the canopy is annular, is made of a material with the elastic modulus larger than a preset elastic modulus threshold value, is fixedly connected with the n sheet springs one by one, and deforms through the deformation of the sheet springs to further change the windward area.
The n sheet springs are correspondingly and fixedly connected with the n brackets through n fixed seats which are in one-to-one correspondence with the sheet springs;
the root of the leaf spring is provided with a connector as shown in figure 2; the end part of the bracket is provided with a connecting seat which is used for being matched with the sheet spring connector, as shown in figure 3; the leaf spring is connected with the connecting seat at the end part of the corresponding bracket through the root part of the leaf spring and the connecting head, and then the leaf spring is fixed at the end part of the corresponding bracket through the corresponding connecting seat;
as shown in fig. 4, the connector includes a buckle and a limiting block, the buckle and the limiting block are both fixedly connected with the root of the leaf spring, and the limiting block is perpendicular to the buckle;
as shown in fig. 5, a clamping groove and a limiting groove are arranged on the connecting seat, and when the buckle of the leaf spring is matched with the clamping groove of the corresponding bracket, the limiting block of the leaf spring is matched with the limiting groove of the corresponding bracket;
as shown in fig. 6, the fixing seat includes a fixing sleeve, a first connecting rod and a second connecting rod, the fixing sleeve is used for being sleeved at the root of the corresponding leaf spring and is in clearance fit with the leaf spring; the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are arranged in parallel, one end of each connecting rod is fixedly connected with the fixed sleeve, the other end of each connecting rod is provided with a through hole, and the through holes in the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are coaxial;
the end part of the bracket is provided with a through hole which is matched with the through holes on the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod of the corresponding fixing seat;
as shown in fig. 7, the fixing sleeve of the fixing seat is sleeved at the root of the corresponding leaf spring, and the fixing seat is fixed at the end of the corresponding bracket after passing through the through hole of the first connecting rod, the through hole of the end of the bracket and the through hole of the second connecting rod in sequence through the bolt, so as to limit the deformation degree of the corresponding leaf spring and prevent the leaf spring from being broken.
The design idea of the invention is that when the flight condition changes, the deformation of the leaf spring also changes, thereby controlling the windward area of the canopy to increase or decrease, correspondingly changing the generated resistance value, realizing the self-adaptive control of the resistance, and ensuring that the sinking amount of the refueling cone sleeve in the air changes within a standard range.
The canopy is usually made of a material with a large elastic modulus, and can be sleeved on the leaf spring through the interlayer and fixed on the bracket through the rope.
During airborne fueling, the drogue-stabilizing umbrella assembly is released from the fuel dispenser and the stabilizing umbrella opens in the air creating drag. When flight conditions change, such as the fuel dispenser speed increases, or the flight altitude decreases, resulting in increased drag from the stabilizing umbrella, the towing position of the drogue-stabilizing umbrella assembly in the air moves upward. At the moment, the pneumatic load borne by the umbrella cover of the variable-damping stable umbrella is transmitted to the sheet spring, the sheet spring deforms, the free end tilts outwards, the umbrella cover expands outwards, the projection area in the incoming flow direction is reduced, the generated resistance is smaller than that of the umbrella with the fixed shape, and the ascending amplitude of the dragging position in the air is smaller than that of the umbrella with the fixed shape. Similarly, when the flying speed is reduced or the flying height is increased to reduce the resistance borne by the stabilizing umbrella, the taper sleeve-stabilizing umbrella assembly moves downwards at the dragging position in the air, the deformation of the sheet spring of the variable damping stabilizing umbrella is reduced under the action of restoring force, the free end rebounds, the umbrella cover is retracted inwards, the projection area in the incoming flow direction is increased, the generated resistance is larger than that of the stabilizing umbrella with a fixed shape, and the descending amplitude at the dragging position in the air is smaller than that of the fixed shape. Therefore, when the flying condition changes, the change range of the dragging position of the taper sleeve additionally provided with the variable damping stabilizing umbrella is smaller than that of the fixed shape, and the variable damping stabilizing umbrella has larger displacement allowance, so that the variable damping stabilizing umbrella can be suitable for a wider speed domain and a wider height domain.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
The above-mentioned embodiments, objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention are further described in detail, it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A variable damping stabilizing umbrella for soft air refueling is characterized by comprising a taper sleeve, an umbrella cover, n supports and n sheet springs, wherein n is a natural number more than or equal to 3;
the n brackets and the n sheet springs are in one-to-one correspondence, wherein the n brackets are uniformly arranged at one end of the taper sleeve along the circumferential direction of the axis of the taper sleeve, the root parts of the brackets are fixedly connected with the taper sleeve, and the end parts of the brackets are scattered outwards; the flaky spring is an arc-shaped sheet made of metal or composite material, and deforms when receiving pneumatic load, and the root of the flaky spring is fixedly connected with the end part of the corresponding support, so that the end part of the flaky spring points inwards to the axis of the taper sleeve;
the other end of the taper sleeve is connected with an oil filling hose;
the canopy is annular, is made of a material with the elastic modulus larger than a preset elastic modulus threshold value, is fixedly connected with the n sheet springs one by one, and deforms through the deformation of the sheet springs to further change the windward area;
the n sheet springs are correspondingly and fixedly connected with the n brackets through n fixed seats which are in one-to-one correspondence with the sheet springs;
the root of the leaf spring is provided with a connector, the end part of the bracket is provided with a connecting seat which is matched with the leaf spring connector, and the leaf spring is fixed at the corresponding end part of the bracket through the corresponding connecting seat after being connected with the connector and the connecting seat at the corresponding end part of the bracket through the root of the leaf spring;
the connector comprises a buckle and a limiting block, the buckle and the limiting block are fixedly connected with the root of the flaky spring, and the limiting block is perpendicular to the buckle;
the connecting seat is provided with a clamping groove and a limiting groove, and when the buckle of the sheet spring is matched with the clamping groove of the corresponding bracket, the limiting block of the sheet spring is matched with the limiting groove of the corresponding bracket;
the fixed seat comprises a fixed sleeve, a first connecting rod and a second connecting rod, and the fixed sleeve is sleeved at the root of the corresponding leaf spring and is in clearance fit with the leaf spring; the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are arranged in parallel, one end of each connecting rod is fixedly connected with the fixed sleeve, the other end of each connecting rod is provided with a through hole, and the through holes in the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are coaxial;
the end part of the bracket is provided with a through hole which is matched with the through holes on the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod of the corresponding fixing seat;
the fixing sleeve of the fixing seat is sleeved at the root of the corresponding leaf spring, and the fixing seat is fixed at the end part of the corresponding support after passing through the through hole in the first connecting rod, the through hole at the end part of the support and the through hole in the second connecting rod in sequence through the bolt, so that the deformation degree of the corresponding leaf spring is limited, and the leaf spring is prevented from being broken.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011169255.2A CN112373706B (en) | 2020-10-28 | 2020-10-28 | Flexible air refueling damping-variable stable umbrella |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011169255.2A CN112373706B (en) | 2020-10-28 | 2020-10-28 | Flexible air refueling damping-variable stable umbrella |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN112373706A CN112373706A (en) | 2021-02-19 |
| CN112373706B true CN112373706B (en) | 2022-04-08 |
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| CN202011169255.2A Active CN112373706B (en) | 2020-10-28 | 2020-10-28 | Flexible air refueling damping-variable stable umbrella |
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Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114590413B (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2023-05-02 | 西北工业大学 | Rope drives and becomes independent aerial refueling taper sleeve of pillar |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB9710879D0 (en) * | 1997-05-27 | 1997-07-23 | Flight Refueling Ltd | A drogue assembly for in-flight refuelling |
| US6375123B1 (en) * | 2000-08-15 | 2002-04-23 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Air refueling drogue |
| IL170670A0 (en) * | 2005-09-05 | 2006-12-31 | Israel Aerospace Ind Ltd | Drogue |
| US20110108669A1 (en) * | 2009-07-23 | 2011-05-12 | West Coast Netting, Inc. | Variable speed drogue |
| CN104354871B (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2016-06-01 | 河南师范大学 | A kind of aircraft air refuelling supplementary unit |
| US20170190440A1 (en) * | 2016-01-04 | 2017-07-06 | United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Actively Stabilized Drogue |
| US10703501B2 (en) * | 2017-03-17 | 2020-07-07 | Analytical Mechanics Associates, Inc. | Drogue control systems and apparatus |
| CN110356574B (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2022-12-16 | 闵杰 | Device for improving hose type air refueling speed |
| CN109204852A (en) * | 2018-09-05 | 2019-01-15 | 朱文祥 | Pressure activated formula the service of connection devices for air refuelling |
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