CN112373706B - A soft air refueling variable damping stabilization parachute - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a flexible air refueling variable damping stable umbrella, which comprises a taper sleeve, an umbrella cover, n supports and n sheet springs, wherein the taper sleeve is fixedly connected with the umbrella cover; the n brackets are uniformly arranged at one end of the taper sleeve along the circumferential direction of the axis of the taper sleeve, the root parts of the brackets are fixedly connected with the taper sleeve, and the end parts of the brackets are scattered outwards; the root of the leaf spring is fixedly connected with the end part of the corresponding bracket, so that the end part of the leaf spring points inwards to the axis of the taper sleeve and deforms when receiving pneumatic load; the canopy is annular, is made of a material with the elastic modulus larger than a preset elastic modulus threshold value, is fixedly connected with the n sheet springs one by one, and deforms through the deformation of the sheet springs to further change the windward area. The invention can realize the self-adaptive control of resistance, the change of the dragging position of the taper sleeve is far smaller than that of the traditional refueling stabilizing umbrella, the speed domain and the height domain covered by the traditional refueling stabilizing umbrella can be effectively widened, and the soft type aerial refueling technology is obviously improved.

Description

A soft air refueling variable damping stabilization parachute

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of aerial refueling, in particular to a soft-type aerial refueling variable damping stabilizing umbrella.

Background technique

Aerial refueling technology has important strategic value in the aviation field at this stage. Among them, the hose-cone-sleeve type (referred to as soft type) refueling is widely used in countries around the world because of its simple equipment structure, easy disassembly and assembly, and low requirements for tankers. use. The main equipment for soft aerial refueling is a refueling hose with a tapered sleeve. The refueling cone is one of the core components of the soft refueling device. The annular stabilization umbrella installed on it is funnel-shaped after opening, which can not only increase the docking range of the oil-receiving joint, but also provide enough resistance to keep the end of the hose in the It remains relatively stable under the combined influence of wingtip vortices, engine jets and atmospheric turbulence.

At present, the aerial refueling stabilizing umbrellas used in various countries generally have a fixed shape and constant resistance characteristics. When the incoming flow speed and air density are large, the resistance generated by the stabilizing umbrella is too large, which will damage the hose winch and threaten the safety of the aircraft. Stabilizing parachutes with similar traditional structures are classified into high-speed parachutes and low-speed parachutes according to the usage scenarios. The low-speed umbrella has a large canopy area and a large drag coefficient, which is suitable for low-speed refueling tasks, such as refueling a helicopter, and the speed of the tanker should be around 130 knots; High-speed refueling missions, such as refueling jets, etc., typically require 350 knots. The mismatch of the refueling environment makes the tanker unable to refuel different types of aircraft at the same time within the same mission shift, and needs to switch between low-speed and high-speed refueling equipment after landing, which usually takes at least 30 minutes.

In order to overcome these problems, the concept of variable damping stabilization umbrella is proposed in the industry, that is, the resistance characteristics of the stabilization umbrella under different working conditions are changed by certain control methods, and the overall resistance of the cone sleeve and the response ability of the hose are kept in a wide speed range. , to achieve universal refueling of a set of equipment, and expand the scope of application of the soft refueling system. For the variable damping stabilizing umbrella, there are many related researches abroad, and there are currently three ideas.

The first is to use a double-layer canopy structure. In order to reduce the resistance at high speed, only one canopy is used, and the second canopy is released when the resistance needs to be increased at low speed. When this structure is used, an additional control device is required to control the retraction and retraction of the two umbrellas, and it does not have the self-adaptive capability.

The second is to use a movable frame, that is, to use a tapered sleeve support arm with a variable opening angle to change the umbrella support angle, thereby changing the windward area of the umbrella jacket and realizing the change of resistance. Kirkland William proposed various designs for the movable skeleton. This solution has a large modification to the structure of the stabilizing umbrella. When the oil-receiving plug is docked, it is easy to collide and cause the structure to fail, which affects the overall safety, and cannot realize the adaptive control of the resistance.

The third idea is aeroelastic control technology. For example, using a canopy with a large elastic modulus, opening holes on the canopy, and automatically adjusting the aperture size through the deformation of the canopy under aerodynamic force to increase or decrease the resistance. However, due to the fatigue characteristics of the material, the shape of the openings of the canopy itself will change after long-term use, resulting in asymmetric resistance of the stabilizing umbrella, which affects the overall performance and reduces the stability.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a soft air refueling variable damping stabilization parachute for the defects involved in the background technology, which can be applied to both low-speed and high-speed refueling, and when the flight conditions change greatly , the resistance provided remains roughly the same, ensuring that the sinking amount of the cone sleeve is within the standard range, saving the time for equipment replacement, and increasing the refueling envelope of the tanker.

The present invention adopts the following technical solutions for solving the above-mentioned technical problems:

A variable damping stabilization umbrella for soft aerial refueling, comprising a cone sleeve, a canopy, n brackets, and n leaf springs, where n is a natural number greater than or equal to 3;

The n brackets and the n leaf springs are in one-to-one correspondence, wherein the n brackets are uniformly arranged at one end of the tapered sleeve along the axis of the tapered sleeve, and the roots thereof are fixedly connected with the tapered sleeve, and the ends are spread outward. ; The leaf spring is an arc-shaped sheet made of metal or composite material, which deforms when subjected to aerodynamic load, and the root of the leaf spring is fixed with the end of its corresponding bracket, so that the end of the leaf spring faces toward Inwardly point to the axis of the taper sleeve;

The other end of the cone sleeve is connected with the refueling hose;

The canopy is annular and is made of a material with an elastic modulus greater than a preset elastic modulus threshold, and is fixedly connected with the n leaf springs, deformed by the deformation of the leaf springs, and then changes the windward area .

As a further optimization solution of the variable damping stabilization umbrella for soft aerial refueling of the present invention, the n leaf springs are fixed correspondingly through n fixed seats corresponding to the leaf springs one-to-one and n brackets. even;

The root of the leaf spring is provided with a connecting head, and the end of the bracket is provided with a connecting seat for matching with the connecting head of the leaf spring. The leaf spring passes through its root and connecting head and its corresponding support end After the connecting seats are connected, the leaf spring is fixed on its corresponding bracket end through its corresponding connecting seat;

The connector includes a buckle and a limit block, the buckle and the limit block are fixedly connected with the root of the leaf spring, and the limit block is perpendicular to the buckle;

The connecting seat is provided with a clip slot and a limit slot. When the clip of the leaf spring is matched with the clip slot of the corresponding bracket, the limit block of the leaf spring is matched with the limit slot of the corresponding bracket. ;

The fixing seat includes a fixing sleeve, a first connecting rod and a second connecting rod, the fixing sleeve is used to cover the root portion of the corresponding leaf spring and fit the leaf spring in a clearance fit; the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod The rods are arranged in parallel, one end is fixedly connected with the fixing sleeve, the other end is provided with a through hole, and the through holes on the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are coaxial;

The end of the bracket is provided with a through hole for matching with the through hole on the first and second connecting rods of the corresponding fixing seat;

The fixing sleeve of the fixing seat is sleeved on the root of the corresponding leaf spring, and the bolts pass through the through hole on the first connecting rod, the through hole on the end of the bracket, and the through hole on the second connecting rod in sequence, and then the fixing seat is fixed. It is fixed at the end of the corresponding bracket to limit the deformation degree of the corresponding leaf spring and prevent the leaf spring from breaking.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention adopts the above technical scheme, and has the following technical effects:

The invention can realize self-adaptive control of resistance, and the variation of the drag position of the cone sleeve is much smaller than that of the traditional refueling stabilizing umbrella, which can effectively widen the speed domain and the altitude domain covered by the traditional refueling and stabilizing umbrella, and significantly improves the soft aerial refueling technology.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the variable damping stabilization umbrella;

Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the leaf spring in the variable damping stabilization umbrella;

Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the support in the variable damping stabilization umbrella;

Figure 4 is an enlarged view of the details of the leaf spring B;

Figure 5 is an enlarged view of the details of the bracket A;

Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram of the fixed seat in the variable damping stabilization umbrella;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the cooperation of the leaf spring, the fixing seat and the bracket.

In the figure, 1-cone sleeve, 2-bracket, 3-fixed seat, 4-leaf spring, 5-undercoat, 6-bolt hole at the root of the bracket for connecting with the conical sleeve, 7-card slot, 8-limit Position slot, 9-through hole at the end of the bracket for matching with the fixed seat, 10-first connecting rod, 11-buckle, 12-limiting block.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail:

The present invention may be embodied in many different forms and should not be considered limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. In the drawings, components are exaggerated for clarity.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the present invention discloses a variable damping stabilization umbrella for soft aerial refueling, comprising a cone sleeve, a canopy, n brackets, and n leaf springs, where n is a natural number greater than or equal to 3 .

The n brackets and the n leaf springs are in one-to-one correspondence, wherein the n brackets are uniformly arranged at one end of the tapered sleeve along the axis of the tapered sleeve, and the roots thereof are fixedly connected with the tapered sleeve, and the ends are spread outward. ; The leaf spring is an arc-shaped sheet made of metal or composite material, which deforms when subjected to aerodynamic load, and the root of the leaf spring is fixed with the end of its corresponding bracket, so that the end of the leaf spring faces toward Inwardly point to the axis of the taper sleeve;

The other end of the cone sleeve is connected with the refueling hose;

The canopy is annular and is made of a material with an elastic modulus greater than a preset elastic modulus threshold, and is fixedly connected with the n leaf springs, deformed by the deformation of the leaf springs, and then changes the windward area .

The n leaf springs are correspondingly connected by n fixing seats and n brackets corresponding to the leaf springs one-to-one;

The root of the leaf spring is provided with a connecting head, as shown in Figure 2; the end of the bracket is provided with a connecting seat for matching with the connecting head of the leaf spring, as shown in Figure 3; the leaf spring After connecting the root part and the connecting head with the connecting seat of the corresponding bracket end, the leaf spring is fixed on the corresponding bracket end through its corresponding connecting seat;

As shown in FIG. 4 , the connector includes a buckle and a limit block, the buckle and the limit block are fixedly connected to the root of the leaf spring, and the limit block is perpendicular to the buckle;

As shown in FIG. 5 , the connecting seat is provided with a slot and a limit slot. When the clip of the leaf spring is matched with the slot of its corresponding bracket, the limit block of the leaf spring and its corresponding bracket match with the limit groove;

As shown in FIG. 6 , the fixing seat includes a fixing sleeve, a first connecting rod and a second connecting rod, and the fixing sleeve is used to cover the root portion of the corresponding leaf spring and fit the leaf spring in a clearance fit; the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod The connecting rod and the second connecting rod are arranged in parallel, one end of each is fixedly connected with the fixing sleeve, the other end is provided with a through hole, and the through holes on the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are coaxial;

The end of the bracket is provided with a through hole for matching with the through hole on the first and second connecting rods of the corresponding fixing seat;

As shown in FIG. 7 , the fixing sleeve of the fixing seat is sleeved on the root of the corresponding leaf spring, and passes through the through hole on the first connecting rod, the through hole on the end of the bracket, and the second connecting rod through bolts in sequence. After passing through the hole, the fixing seat is fixed on the end of the corresponding bracket, so as to limit the deformation degree of the corresponding leaf spring and prevent the leaf spring from breaking.

The design idea of the present invention is that when the flight conditions change, the deformation of the leaf spring will also change, so that the windward area of the canopy can be controlled to increase or decrease, and the generated resistance value changes accordingly, realizing the self-adaptation of the resistance. Control to ensure that the sinking amount of the refueling cone in the air varies within the standard range.

The umbrella is usually made of a material with a large elastic modulus, which can be sheathed on the leaf spring through the interlayer, and fixed on the bracket through the rope.

During aerial refueling, the drogue-stabilizing parachute assembly is released from the tanker, and the parachute opens in the air to create resistance. When the flight conditions change, such as an increase in the speed of the tanker, or a decrease in the flight altitude, the drag generated by the parachute increases, and the drag position of the drogue-stabilizer assembly in the air moves upward. At this time, the aerodynamic load on the canopy of the variable damping and stable umbrella is transmitted to the leaf spring, the leaf spring is deformed, the free end is warped outward, the canopy expands outward, and the projected area in the direction of the incoming flow is reduced, which makes the generated The resistance is smaller than that of the fixed shape stable umbrella, and the range of rise in the drag position in the air is smaller than that of the fixed shape stable umbrella. Similarly, when the flight speed decreases or the height increases, the resistance of the parachute decreases, the dragging position of the cone-stabilizer assembly in the air moves downward, and the leaf spring of the variable damping parachute deforms under the action of the restoring force The volume decreases, the free end rebounds, the canopy is retracted inward, and the projected area in the direction of the incoming flow increases, the resistance generated is greater than that of the fixed-shape stable umbrella, and the drop in the drag position in the air is also smaller than that of the fixed-shape. Therefore, when the flight conditions change, the variation of the drag position of the tapered sleeve with the variable damping stabilization parachute is smaller than that of the fixed shape, and it has a larger displacement margin, so it can be applied to a wider speed domain and altitude domain.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It should also be understood that terms such as those defined in general dictionaries should be understood to have meanings consistent with their meanings in the context of the prior art and, unless defined as herein, are not to be taken in an idealized or overly formal sense. explain.

The specific embodiments described above further describe the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in further detail. It should be understood that the above descriptions are only specific embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. a variable damping stabilizing umbrella for soft aerial refueling, characterized in that it comprises a cone sleeve, a canopy, n supports, and n leaf springs, and n is a natural number greater than or equal to 3; The n brackets and the n leaf springs are in one-to-one correspondence, wherein the n brackets are uniformly arranged at one end of the tapered sleeve along the axis of the tapered sleeve, and the roots thereof are fixedly connected with the tapered sleeve, and the ends are spread outward. ; The leaf spring is an arc-shaped sheet made of metal or composite material, which deforms when subjected to aerodynamic load, and the root of the leaf spring is fixed with the end of its corresponding bracket, so that the end of the leaf spring faces toward Inwardly point to the axis of the taper sleeve; The other end of the cone sleeve is connected with the refueling hose; The canopy is annular and is made of a material with an elastic modulus greater than a preset elastic modulus threshold, and is fixedly connected with the n leaf springs, deformed by the deformation of the leaf springs, and then changes the windward area ; The n leaf springs are correspondingly connected by n fixing seats and n brackets corresponding to the leaf springs one-to-one; The root of the leaf spring is provided with a connecting head, and the end of the bracket is provided with a connecting seat for matching with the connecting head of the leaf spring. The leaf spring passes through its root and connecting head and its corresponding support end After the connecting seats are connected, the leaf spring is fixed on its corresponding bracket end through its corresponding connecting seat; The connector includes a buckle and a limit block, the buckle and the limit block are fixedly connected with the root of the leaf spring, and the limit block is perpendicular to the buckle; The connecting seat is provided with a clip slot and a limit slot. When the clip of the leaf spring is matched with the clip slot of the corresponding bracket, the limit block of the leaf spring is matched with the limit slot of the corresponding bracket. ; The fixing seat includes a fixing sleeve, a first connecting rod and a second connecting rod, the fixing sleeve is used to cover the root portion of the corresponding leaf spring and fit the leaf spring in a clearance fit; the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod The rods are arranged in parallel, one end is fixedly connected with the fixing sleeve, the other end is provided with a through hole, and the through holes on the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are coaxial; The end of the bracket is provided with a through hole for matching with the through hole on the first and second connecting rods of the corresponding fixing seat; The fixing sleeve of the fixing seat is sleeved on the root of the corresponding leaf spring, and the bolts pass through the through hole on the first connecting rod, the through hole on the end of the bracket, and the through hole on the second connecting rod in sequence, and then the fixing seat is fixed. It is fixed at the end of the corresponding bracket to limit the deformation degree of the corresponding leaf spring and prevent the leaf spring from breaking.

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