CN112370217A - Individual customized biological type single compartment knee joint prosthesis - Google Patents

Individual customized biological type single compartment knee joint prosthesis Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN112370217A
CN112370217A CN202011378482.6A CN202011378482A CN112370217A CN 112370217 A CN112370217 A CN 112370217A CN 202011378482 A CN202011378482 A CN 202011378482A CN 112370217 A CN112370217 A CN 112370217A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
metal support
tibia
osteotomy
metal
gasket
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202011378482.6A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李勇
李海峰
南少奎
沈超
石磊
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
6th Medical Center of PLA General Hospital
Original Assignee
6th Medical Center of PLA General Hospital
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 6th Medical Center of PLA General Hospital filed Critical 6th Medical Center of PLA General Hospital
Priority to CN202011378482.6A priority Critical patent/CN112370217A/en
Publication of CN112370217A publication Critical patent/CN112370217A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/38Joints for elbows or knees
    • A61F2/3877Patellae or trochleae

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Transplantation (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a personalized customized biological unicompartmental knee joint prosthesis which comprises a tibia metal support and a gasket, wherein the tibia metal support is manufactured by the steps of scanning a tibia of a patient by using a high-resolution three-dimensional CT (computed tomography) to obtain three-dimensional data of the tibia of the patient and reconstructing the three-dimensional data, simulating osteotomy according to an anatomical mark and an osteotomy plan and by 6mm and 8mm below a joint line and by inclining backward by 7 degrees to obtain an osteotomy surface A and an osteotomy surface B, manufacturing the tibia metal support in a similar semicircular shape according to the osteotomy surface A and the osteotomy surface B, fixing the gasket on the top of the tibia metal support by a dismounting mechanism, arranging a concave curved surface matched with a femur of a human body on the upper surface of the gasket, and arranging a rectangular keel and a positioning column at the bottom of the tibia metal support. The invention generates customized and personalized tibia metal support through the tibia CT data of the patient, and the tibia metal support is completely matched with the osteotomy posterior bone surface form of each patient as far as possible.

Description

Individual customized biological type single compartment knee joint prosthesis
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of medical instruments, in particular to a personalized and customized biological type single compartment knee joint prosthesis.
Background
At present, knee joint unicondylar replacement surgery grows rapidly, and more patients select the minimally invasive surgery mode with good treatment effect. The matching performance of the current clinical unicondylar knee joint prosthesis on the tibia side is always not completely satisfactory. The main reasons are as follows: 1. the unicondylar knee joint prosthesis is invented by western people, the shape and the size of the prosthesis are designed according to western people, the skeleton of east Asian people is small, the anatomy is different from western Gaucao people, for example, the proportion of the front diameter, the back diameter, the left diameter and the right diameter of a platform and the shape of the platform are different, so that the prosthesis designed according to the anatomy data of the western people always has the condition that the platform of partial cases is difficult to cover, the operation of a clinician is difficult, and the operation effect is influenced; 2. at present, the unicondylar knee joint prosthesis is manufactured according to a factory unified mould, all platform supports are in the same shape, and actually the platform shapes of each person are different, so that the situation that the bone surface of the truncated platform cannot be completely matched with the platform metal support prosthesis exists inevitably, for example, the front and back matching is satisfactory, the left and right matching is unsatisfactory, the left and right matching is satisfactory, the front and back cannot be satisfied, and the coverage is often insufficient or excessive.
Unsatisfactory results of matching of the platform metal support and the bone surface after osteotomy are as follows: if the coverage is insufficient, after the prosthesis is installed, the local stress is large, and the displacement and the fracture are easy to occur; if the coverage is excessive, the prosthesis is suspended outside the platform sclerotin and is easy to rub with soft tissues to generate inflammation and pain, and meanwhile, the prosthesis suspended outside the sclerotin is lack of support and is easy to be stressed abnormally, so that the prosthesis is loosened in the early stage and the operation fails. We therefore provide a personalized and customized biotype unicompartmental knee prosthesis.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a customized biological type unicompartmental knee joint prosthesis.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a biological type single compartment knee joint prosthesis customized individually, which comprises a tibia metal support and a gasket, the manufacturing method of the tibia metal support comprises the steps of scanning the tibia of a patient by using a high-resolution three-dimensional CT to obtain three-dimensional data of the tibia of the patient, reconstructing the three-dimensional data, simulating osteotomy according to anatomical identification and an osteotomy plan and by inclining backwards by 7 degrees and respectively by 6mm and 8mm below a joint line to obtain an osteotomy surface A and an osteotomy surface B, the tibia metal support with the similar semicircular shape is manufactured according to the osteotomy surface A and the osteotomy surface B, the gasket is fixed on the top of the tibia metal support through a dismounting mechanism, the upper surface of the gasket is provided with a concave curved surface matched with the femur of a human body, the bottom surface of the tibia metal support is a plane, and the bottom is equipped with rectangle fossil fragments and reference column, the bottom surface, the rectangle fossil fragments surface and the reference column surface of shin bone metal support all are equipped with the material and are the rough surface of hydroxyapatite coating.
As a preferred technical scheme of the present invention, the dismounting mechanism includes a receiving groove disposed at the top of the metal tibial tray, the gasket is provided with an insertion block inserted into the receiving groove, the outer wall of the metal tibial tray is provided with a through hole disposed laterally, the insertion block is provided with a screw hole corresponding to the through hole, and a positioning bolt is inserted between the through hole and the screw hole.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the side wall of the tibia metal support is provided with a blind hole for accommodating a top cover of the positioning bolt.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the curvature of the concave curved surface of the gasket is smaller than that of the human femur, and the front radius is larger and the rear radius is smaller.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the rectangular keel is parallel to the maximum diameter on the metal tibial tray, and has the length of 28-46mm, the width of 3mm and the height of 10 mm.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the positioning column is perpendicular to the maximum diameter on the tibial metal tray.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the tibia metal support is made of cobalt chromium alloy, and the surface of the tibia metal support is a high-polishing plane.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the diameter of the positioning column is 5-6mm, and the distance from the top end to the lower surface of the tibia metal support is 5-10 mm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: 1. this kind of biological type list room knee joint prosthesis of individualized customization no longer uses bone cement to fix in the art, has avoided bone cement's relevant complication, treats that the bone fully grows into the back moreover, and the prosthesis can survive for a long time, has reduced the operation risk of renovating. Through patient's shin bone CT data, produce the individualized shin bone metal support of customization, its shin bone metal support matches each patient's the bone face form after cutting the bone as far as possible completely, compare with ordinary general prosthesis, increased the shin bone metal support to the planar coverage of shin bone platform, also reduced simultaneously and used the problem of the coverage that ordinary general prosthesis arouses inadequately and excessively cover, reduced the pain that arouses because of the prosthesis is bad to the stress that the platform bore when more effective sharing patient walks, gain better long-term clinical effect. Through the rough surface that sets up the hydroxyapatite coating, not only frictional force is big, does benefit to early initial stability, and this material can form effectual biological fixation in early moreover to it is more reliable to fix, reduces the not hard up incidence of postoperative short term and long term.
1. This kind of biological type list room knee joint prosthesis of individualized customization, through setting up rectangle fossil fragments and reference column, not only have bigger sclerotin area of contact, simultaneously the rectangle design is more cylindrical, common designs such as toper can better control platform metal and hold in the palm rotatory, reduce the prosthesis aversion or take place with becoming flexible, and the design of rectangle fossil fragments with the post, anti rotation performance that more single fossil fragments can be better, simultaneously can increase the area of contact of shin bone metal support with the bone, increase friction area, corresponding increase frictional force, improve initial stability, long term goes into along with the bone growth simultaneously, bigger bone length goes into the area, also increased bone and the direct cohesion of shin bone metal support, the prosthesis is fixed more firm, long term not hard up the possibility littleer, long term effect is better.
2. According to the individually customized biological type single-compartment knee joint prosthesis, the hydroxyapatite coating is formed on the bottom surface of the tibia metal support, the surface of the rectangular keel and the surface of the positioning column, and the roughened surface is formed, so that not only is the combination surface of a new bone and the tibia metal support increased, but also the new bone can grow into the pores of the coating, and the combination strength of the interface of the bone and the tibia metal support is increased; meanwhile, the main components of the hydroxyapatite coating are calcium and phosphorus, and the hydroxyapatite coating is the same as the components of human bone, so that on one hand, the hydroxyapatite coating has an osteogenesis effect, can provide calcium ions and phosphate ions for the generation of new bones, and promotes and improves the surrounding osteogenesis capacity, on the other hand, the hydroxyapatite coating has an effect of inducing the generation of the new bones, and can induce the new bones to grow to the surface coating of the tibial metal support, so that the combination of the new bones and the tibial metal support is promoted, the combination strength of the interface of the new bones and the tibial metal support is improved, and the fixing effect and the use of the tibial metal support are improved.
3. According to the individual customized biological type single compartment knee joint prosthesis, the gasket is fixed at the top of the metal tibial tray through the dismounting mechanism, and the gasket is fixed through the positioning bolt, so that the prosthesis has the characteristics of firm fixation and difficult dislocation, and the revision operation caused by dislocation of the gasket is avoided.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a customized bio-type unicompartmental knee prosthesis of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a metal tibial tray of a customized bio-unicompartmental knee prosthesis according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a customized bio-type unicompartmental knee prosthesis of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic bottom structure view of a metal tibial tray of a customized biologic unicompartmental knee prosthesis according to the invention.
In the figure: 1. a tibial metal tray; 2. a gasket; 3. a concave curved surface; 4. a rectangular keel; 5. a positioning column; 6. rough surface; 7. a receiving groove; 8. embedding a block; 9. a through hole; 10. a screw hole; 11. positioning the bolt; 12. and (4) blind holes.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it will be understood that they are described herein for the purpose of illustration and explanation and not limitation.
Example (b): as shown in figures 1-4, the invention relates to a personalized customized biological unicompartmental knee joint prosthesis, which comprises a tibia metal support 1 and a gasket 2, wherein the tibia metal support 1 is manufactured by scanning the tibia of a patient by using a high-resolution three-dimensional CT (computed tomography) to obtain three-dimensional data of the tibia of the patient and reconstructing the three-dimensional data, then simulating osteotomy according to an anatomical identifier and an osteotomy plan and by tilting 7 degrees with the joint line of 6mm and 8mm downwards to obtain an osteotomy surface A and an osteotomy surface B, and manufacturing the tibia metal support 1 in a similar semicircular shape according to the osteotomy surface A and the osteotomy surface B, wherein the gasket 2 is fixed on the top of the tibia metal support 1 by a dismounting mechanism, the upper surface of the gasket 2 is provided with a concave curved surface 3 matched with a human femur, the bottom surface of the tibia metal support 1 is a plane, the bottom of the tibia metal support 1 is provided with a rectangular keel 4 and a positioning column 5, and the, The surfaces of the rectangular keel 4 and the positioning column 5 are both provided with rough surfaces 6 made of hydroxyapatite coatings. Bone cement is not used for fixation in the operation, related complications of the bone cement are avoided, the prosthesis can survive for a long time after the bone grows into the prosthesis fully, and the operation risk of revision is reduced. Through patient's shin bone CT data, produce the individualized shin bone metal and hold in the palm 1 of customization, its shin bone metal holds in the palm 1 and matches each patient's osteotomy back bone face form as far as possible completely, compare with ordinary general false body, increased the shin bone metal and holds in the palm 1 to the planar coverage of shin bone platform, also reduced the problem that uses the coverage that ordinary general false body arouses inadequately and excessively to cover simultaneously, the pain because of the bad arouses of false body has been reduced to the stress that the platform bore when more effective sharing patient walks, gain better long-term clinical effect. Through the rough surface 6 that sets up the hydroxyapatite coating, not only frictional force is big, does benefit to early initial stability, and this material can form effectual biological fixation in early moreover to it is more reliable to fix, reduces the not hard up incidence of postoperative short term and long term.
Through setting up rectangle fossil fragments 4 and reference column 5, not only have bigger sclerotin area of contact, the rectangle design is more cylindrical simultaneously, common designs such as toper can better control the platform metal and hold in the palm rotatory, reduce the false body and shift or take place with becoming flexible, and rectangle fossil fragments 4 add the design of post, anti rotation performance that more single fossil fragments can be better, simultaneously can increase the area of contact of shin bone metal support 1 with the bone, increase friction area, corresponding increase frictional force, improve initial stability, long term is gone into along with the bone growth simultaneously, bigger bone length goes into the area, bone and the 1 direct cohesion of shin bone metal support have also been increased, the false body is fixed more firm, long term not hard up possibility is littleer, long term effect is better.
The hydroxyapatite coating is formed on the bottom surface of the tibia metal support 1, the surface of the rectangular keel 4 and the surface of the positioning column 5, and the hydroxyapatite coating not only has a rough surface 6, so that the bonding surface of a new bone and the tibia metal support 1 is increased, but also the new bone can grow into the pores of the coating, and the bonding strength of the interface of the bone and the tibia metal support 1 is increased; meanwhile, the main components of the hydroxyapatite coating are calcium and phosphorus, and the hydroxyapatite coating is the same as the components of human bone, so that on one hand, the hydroxyapatite coating has an osteogenesis effect, can provide calcium ions and phosphate ions for the generation of new bone, and promotes and improves the surrounding osteogenesis capacity, on the other hand, the hydroxyapatite coating has an effect of inducing the generation of the new bone, and can induce the new bone to grow to the surface coating of the tibial metal support 1, so that the combination of the new bone and the tibial metal support 1 is promoted, the interface combination strength of the new bone and the tibial metal support 1 is further enhanced, and the fixing effect and the use of the tibial metal support 1 are improved. The thickness of the hydroxyapatite coating is 50-500 microns (the optimal thickness is 150 microns).
The disassembly body holds in the palm the groove 7 of accomodating at 1 top of shin bone metal including setting up, gasket 2 is equipped with the embedding piece 8 of embedding in accomodating the groove 7, be equipped with the through-hole 9 that the side direction set up on the outer wall of shin bone metal support 1, be equipped with the screw 10 that corresponds with through-hole 9 on the embedding piece 8, wear to be equipped with positioning bolt 11 between through-hole 9 and the screw 10. Wherein is fixed through the positioning bolt 11, has fixed firm, the difficult characteristics of dislocating to the operation of renovating because gasket 2 dislocates has been avoided.
The side wall of the tibia metal support 1 is provided with a blind hole 12 for accommodating a top cover of the positioning bolt 11. The top cover of the positioning bolt 11 is convenient to store.
The curvature of the concave curved surface 3 of the gasket 2 is smaller than that of the human femur, and the front radius is larger and the rear radius is smaller.
The rectangular keel 4 is parallel to the maximum diameter of the metal tibial tray 1, and the rectangular keel 4 is 28-46mm long, 3mm wide and 10mm high.
The positioning column 5 is perpendicular to the maximum diameter of the tibia metal support 1.
The tibia metal support 1 is made of cobalt chromium alloy, and the surface of the tibia metal support 1 is a high-polishing plane.
The diameter of the positioning column 5 is 5-6mm, and the distance between the top end of the positioning column and the lower surface of the tibia metal support 1 is 5-10 mm.
This kind of individualized customized biological type single compartment knee joint prosthesis, through patient's shin bone CT data, generate the individualized shin bone metal of customization and hold in the palm 1, its shin bone metal holds in the palm 1 and matches the bone face form after cutting the bone of every patient as far as possible completely, compare with ordinary general prosthesis, increased the coverage of prosthesis to the shin bone metal and hold in the palm 1 plane, also reduced the problem that uses ordinary general prosthesis to cause the coverage inadequately and excessively simultaneously, reduced the pain that causes because of the prosthesis is bad to the stress that the platform bore when more effective sharing patient walks, obtain better long-term clinical effect. Through the rough surface 6 that sets up the hydroxyapatite coating, not only frictional force is big, does benefit to early initial stability, and this material can form effectual biological fixation in early moreover to it is more reliable to fix, reduces the not hard up incidence of postoperative short term and long term.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A personalized, customized, biotype, unicompartmental knee prosthesis, characterized by: the tibia bone metal support comprises a tibia bone metal support (1) and a gasket (2), wherein the tibia bone metal support (1) is manufactured by scanning the tibia bone of a patient through a high-resolution three-dimensional CT (computed tomography) to obtain three-dimensional data of the tibia bone of the patient and rebuild the three-dimensional data, simulating osteotomy according to 7 degrees of retroversion and 6mm and 8mm below a joint line according to an anatomical identification and an osteotomy plan to obtain an osteotomy surface A and an osteotomy surface B, manufacturing the tibia bone metal support (1) in a similar semicircular shape according to the osteotomy surface A and the osteotomy surface B, fixing the gasket (2) at the top of the tibia bone metal support (1) through a dismounting mechanism, arranging a concave curved surface (3) matched with the femur of a human body on the upper surface of the gasket (2), arranging a rectangular keel (4) and a positioning column (5) at the bottom of the tibia metal support (1), and arranging rough hydroxyapatite coatings on the surfaces of the rectangular keel (4) and the positioning column (5) respectively And (6) a face.
2. The individual customized biotype unicompartmental knee joint prosthesis according to claim 1, characterized in that the detaching mechanism comprises a receiving groove (7) arranged at the top of the metal tibial tray (1), the gasket (2) is provided with an embedded block (8) embedded into the receiving groove (7), the outer wall of the metal tibial tray (1) is provided with a through hole (9) arranged laterally, the embedded block (8) is provided with a screw hole (10) corresponding to the through hole (9), and a positioning bolt (11) is arranged between the through hole (9) and the screw hole (10) in a penetrating way.
3. The prosthesis according to claim 2, wherein the side wall of the metal tibial tray (1) is provided with a blind hole (12) for receiving a top cover of the positioning bolt (11).
4. The prosthesis according to claim 1, wherein the concave curved surface (3) of the spacer (2) has a curvature smaller than that of the femur of the human body, and has a larger anterior radius and a smaller posterior radius.
5. A customized bio-type unicompartmental knee prosthesis according to claim 1, characterized in that said rectangular keel (4) is parallel to the largest diameter on the tibial metal tray (1), said rectangular keel (4) being 28-46mm long, 3mm wide and 10mm high.
6. The prosthesis according to claim 1, wherein the positioning post (5) is perpendicular to the largest diameter of the metal tibial tray (1).
7. The prosthesis according to claim 1, wherein the tibial metal tray (1) is made of cobalt chromium alloy, and the surface of the tibial metal tray (1) is a high polishing plane.
8. The prosthesis of claim 1, wherein the positioning post (5) has a diameter of 5-6mm and a tip end 5-10mm from the lower surface of the metal tibial tray (1).
CN202011378482.6A 2020-11-30 2020-11-30 Individual customized biological type single compartment knee joint prosthesis Pending CN112370217A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202011378482.6A CN112370217A (en) 2020-11-30 2020-11-30 Individual customized biological type single compartment knee joint prosthesis

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202011378482.6A CN112370217A (en) 2020-11-30 2020-11-30 Individual customized biological type single compartment knee joint prosthesis

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN112370217A true CN112370217A (en) 2021-02-19

Family

ID=74590242

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202011378482.6A Pending CN112370217A (en) 2020-11-30 2020-11-30 Individual customized biological type single compartment knee joint prosthesis

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN112370217A (en)

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP2638057B2 (en) Shim for implantable femoral knee joint parts
US20200187961A1 (en) Implant specific drill bit in surgical kit for cartilage repair
US8657822B2 (en) Surgical kit for cartilage repair comprising implant and a set of tools
US20170100253A1 (en) Design of an implant for cartilage repair
US8647391B2 (en) Malleolar replacement devices
US10842915B2 (en) Hip implant
JP2016028729A (en) Tibial baseplate with asymmetric placement of fixation structures
EP1884221A1 (en) Variable stiffness intramedullary system
JP2012514511A (en) Orthopedic implant for finger arthroplasty
CN110312479A (en) Pinledge for fracture fixation
CN214549751U (en) Individual customized biological type single compartment knee joint prosthesis
CN112370217A (en) Individual customized biological type single compartment knee joint prosthesis
CN115192267A (en) Combined device of artificial sternum, artificial clavicle and artificial rib
CN113244026A (en) Assembled sacrum reconstruction prosthesis
CN217548315U (en) Assembled sacrum reconstruction prosthesis
US20220192837A1 (en) Device for acromion replacement
CN220877011U (en) 3D prints tantalum metal knee joint filling body
CN112155793B (en) Pelvis prosthesis
CN114224569A (en) Spittoon support and production method thereof
US20150374499A1 (en) Femoral prosthesis with an absorbable shank
JP2024518851A (en) Kit for installation of prosthetic components and/or biological implants
KR20220102045A (en) Pelvic implant and method of manufacturing the same

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination