CN112366753A - Light-storage combined operation economic optimal control method - Google Patents

Light-storage combined operation economic optimal control method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112366753A
CN112366753A CN202011361079.2A CN202011361079A CN112366753A CN 112366753 A CN112366753 A CN 112366753A CN 202011361079 A CN202011361079 A CN 202011361079A CN 112366753 A CN112366753 A CN 112366753A
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light
power
storage combined
energy storage
soc
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周喜超
王楠
赵龙
赵鹏翔
邹冬
李振
丛琳
李娜
杨佳霖
朱海锋
李敏姝
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State Grid Comprehensive Energy Service Group Co ltd
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
CYG Sunri Co Ltd
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State Grid Comprehensive Energy Service Group Co ltd
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
CYG Sunri Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
    • H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
    • Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin

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Abstract

The invention discloses an economic optimal control method for light storage combined operation, which comprises the following steps: acquiring related operation data of the photovoltaic and energy storage system; establishing a light-storage combined system operation model based on real-time operation data and short-term photovoltaic prediction power data of the energy storage system by taking economic optimization of light-storage combined operation as a target; solving the calculation result of the operation model of the optical storage combined system by adopting a multi-target particle swarm optimization method and combining a good-bad solution distance method, and outputting an optical storage combined operation optimized operation curve; and outputting the optimal operation curve of the light storage combined operation to serve as a power command value of the energy storage system when the subsequent control system is executed. Compared with the prior art, the method solves various problems brought to the power grid by the increase of the new energy permeability, and further improves the operation economy of the photovoltaic system and the operation reliability of the power grid.

Description

Light-storage combined operation economic optimal control method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of smart power grids, in particular to an economic optimal control method for light storage combined operation.
Background
With the increase of the permeability of the photovoltaic power generation in the power grid, the centralized grid connection of the large-capacity photovoltaic power generation threatens the power flow control, the stable control, the frequency modulation and the like of the power grid, and brings a serious challenge to the safe and stable operation of the power system. The application of the storage battery energy in the photovoltaic power station is still in a starting stage, and the operation control and energy storage system of the photovoltaic power station does not effectively coordinate and optimize operation, so that the problems of light abandonment, large service life loss of a power disturbance battery and the like are easily caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an economic optimal control method for light storage combined operation, and aims to solve the technical problems of effectively enhancing the power generation controllability of a photovoltaic power station and improving the plan tracking capability.
In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: an economic optimal control method for light storage combined operation comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring relevant operation data of the photovoltaic and energy storage system;
the relevant operational data includes: actual power, energy storage system charge state, photovoltaic prediction data, energy storage system real-time operation data and short-term photovoltaic prediction power data of the new energy;
step S2, establishing a light storage combined system operation model based on the real-time operation data and the short-term photovoltaic prediction power data of the energy storage system with the economic optimization of the light storage combined operation as a target;
establishing an operation model of the optical storage combined system as follows:
the light-storage combined system operation model aims at the maximum benefit of the light-storage combined system:
Figure BDA0002803995020000011
wherein W is the benefit of the light storage combined system; csThe electricity selling income of the light and storage combined system in an optimized time period is obtained; cBTThe comprehensive cost of energy storage in a time period is optimized; cpeFor optimizing the punishment cost of the photovoltaic exceeding the fluctuation range in the time period, V is the light abandon of the light storage combined system, Pu(t) theoretical power for optical power prediction during t time period, Ps(t) is the actual power over time t;
step S3, solving the calculation result of the operation model of the optical storage combined system by adopting a multi-target particle swarm optimization method and combining a good-bad solution distance method, and outputting an optimal operation curve of the optical storage combined operation;
and step S4, outputting the optimal operation curve of the light-storage combined operation obtained in the step S3 as a power command value of the energy storage system when the subsequent control system is executed.
Further, electricity sales revenue C in step S2sThe formula is adopted to calculate the following formula:
Figure BDA0002803995020000021
wherein, Ps(t) grid-connected power of the light storage combined system in a t period; b (t) is the electricity price of the photovoltaic grid connection in the period t; t is the number of optimization periods.
Further, the cost C is integrated in step S2BTThe formula is adopted to calculate the following formula:
Figure BDA0002803995020000022
CUT1.28 yuan/wh.
Further, penalty cost C in step S2peThe formula is adopted to calculate the following formula:
Figure BDA0002803995020000023
wherein, Δ Pz(t) light-storage combined system fluctuation in a period of t; THD is a fluctuation range, and is generally 20% of photovoltaic installed capacity; c (T) the penalty fluctuation overtime of T period is 1, otherwise 0; beta is a penalty coefficient, and the penalty coefficient is set to be 6.
Further, step S2 further includes: setting constraint conditions of an operation model of the light-storage combined system, wherein the constraint conditions comprise photovoltaic power balance constraint and energy storage battery constraint;
photovoltaic power balance constraint, based on the principle of smooth operation of photovoltaic, the power balance constraint is expressed as:
Pw＝Pz-Ph
in the formula, PwThe output of the photovoltaic is obtained; pzThe total output power of the optical storage combined system; phFor the output of energy-storage systemsOutputting power, wherein the power is a positive numerical value when the energy storage system stores energy, and is a negative numerical value when the energy storage system releases energy;
the constraint of the energy storage battery mainly controls the state of charge (SOC) and the capacity of the energy storage battery, the SOC of the storage battery represents the ratio of the residual electric quantity of the battery to the capacity of the battery, and the SOC meets the constraint of an upper limit value and a lower limit value;
SOCmin≤SOCi≤SOCmax
therein, SOCi、SOCmax、SOCminRespectively representing the SOC state of the storage battery in a period t and the upper limit and the lower limit of the storage battery, and generally taking the SOC when the SOC reaches the maximum value of the batterymaxWhen the voltage is equal to 0.9, the battery stops charging; when the SOC reaches the minimum value, the SOC is takenmaxWhen the voltage is equal to 0.2, the battery stops discharging;
Emin≤Ei≤Emax
wherein E ismax、EminFor maximum and minimum capacity of the accumulator, EiThe real-time capacity of the storage battery t period.
Further, step S2 further includes: on the premise of meeting the constraint condition, if the SOC of the storage battery at the current moment is in a normal region and the power and the electric quantity still have residual space, the storage battery is enabled to continuously charge/discharge partial electric energy, and the judgment of the charge-discharge state of the storage battery is realized by adopting the following mode:
the judgment formula of the unchanged state is as follows:
ΔPw(t) THD and DeltaPw(t+i)≤THD
Wherein, Δ Pw(t) is the predicted fluctuation value of the photovoltaic, Δ P, over the t periodw(t + i) is a predicted fluctuation value of the photovoltaic power in the i +1 time period;
the determination of the state of charge is as follows:
ΔPw(t)>THD or
Figure BDA0002803995020000031
Therein, SOCminFor time period t of the accumulatorA lower limit value of the SOC state;
the discharge state is determined by the following equation:
ΔPw(t)<-THD or
Figure BDA0002803995020000032
Further, when the multi-target particle swarm method is adopted for solving in the step S3, the population dimension is 288, the population scale is 30, the maximum iteration number is 500, the particle velocity range [ -3,3], the adaptive inertial weight coefficient range [0.4,0.9], and the social cognition coefficient and the self-cognition coefficient are both 1.494.
Further, after obtaining 16 non-inferior solutions after 500 iterations, calculating the comprehensive evaluation scores of the non-inferior solutions by adopting a good-inferior solution distance method, wherein the weight coefficients are all 0.5; and taking the highest value of the comprehensive evaluation score in the non-inferior solution.
Further, step S3 specifically includes the following steps:
step S31, preprocessing, including reciprocal calculation and normalization processing; the preprocessed objective function matrix is:
Figure BDA0002803995020000041
each row in the matrix corresponds to a non-inferior solution objective function value, wherein W is the benefit of the optical storage combined system, and V is the abandoned light of the optical storage combined system;
step S32, weighting processing, setting weight coefficient gamma1、γ2Multiplying the data matrix by the elements of the first and second columns of the matrix F respectively, and recording the weighted data matrix as Fw；
Step S33, determining an idealized target and a negative idealized target, extracting the maximum value of each column in the matrix, and marking the maximum value as [ a ]+,b+]As an idealized target; taking out the minimum value of each column in the matrix, and marking the minimum value as [ a ]-,b-]As a negative idealized target;
step S34, distance meterCalculating, calculating F one by onewThe distance between each row and the idealized target and the distance between each row and the idealized target are respectively recorded as
Figure BDA0002803995020000042
Figure BDA0002803995020000043
Figure BDA0002803995020000044
Step S35, calculating a comprehensive evaluation index, wherein the calculation formula of the comprehensive evaluation index is as follows:
Figure BDA0002803995020000045
valueithe range of values is [0,1 ]]Closer to 1 indicates closer to the idealized target, whereas closer to the negative idealized target is indicated;
and step S36, determining a final solution, sequencing the solutions from large to small according to the comprehensive evaluation index, and taking the first sequenced solution as the final solution, namely the optimal operation curve of the optical storage combined operation.
Further, in the step S4, determining a corresponding control strategy according to the operation model of the optical storage combined system in the step S3, obtaining a power command value of the energy storage system, and determining whether the power command value of the energy storage system exceeds the maximum charge-discharge power of the energy storage battery; when the power command value of the energy storage system exceeds the maximum charging and discharging power of the energy storage battery, the energy storage battery stops working, and the judgment conditions of the energy storage charging and discharging are as follows:
Pd≤Pbess≤Pu
wherein P isbessIs the charging and discharging power of the energy storage system at the moment t, PdIs the minimum charge-discharge power; puThe maximum charge/discharge power.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that the optimal economic benefit of the light-storage combined system is taken as a model of a target function, constraint conditions of photovoltaic and energy storage are set in the model, and a control strategy of the energy storage battery is formulated; the power generation controllability of the new energy power station can be effectively enhanced, the plan tracking capability is improved, various problems brought to a power grid by the increase of the new energy permeability are solved, and the operation economy of a photovoltaic system and the operation reliability of the power grid are further improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a detailed flowchart of step S3 according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention discloses an economic optimal control method for light storage combined operation, which comprises the following steps:
and step S1, acquiring relevant operation data of the photovoltaic and energy storage system.
The relevant operational data includes: actual power of new energy, energy storage power, energy storage system state of charge, photovoltaic prediction data, energy storage system real-time operation data and short-term photovoltaic prediction power data.
Step S2, establishing a light storage combined system operation model based on the real-time operation data and the short-term photovoltaic prediction power data of the energy storage system with the economic optimization of the light storage combined operation as a target;
the invention comprehensively considers the economic efficiency and the technical feasibility of the light storage combined system, considers the charging and discharging times of the storage battery and maximizes a light storage combined system profit model containing the photovoltaic fluctuation out-of-limit punishment cost. The model pursues the goal that the maximum profit of the light storage combined system is the maximum, and the operation model of the light storage combined system is established as follows:
the light-storage combined system operation model aims at the maximum benefit of the light-storage combined system:
Figure BDA0002803995020000061
wherein W is the benefit of the light storage combined system; csThe electricity selling income of the light and storage combined system in an optimized time period is obtained; cBTThe comprehensive cost of energy storage in a time period is optimized; cpeFor optimizing the punishment cost of the photovoltaic exceeding the fluctuation range in the time period, V is the light abandon of the light storage combined system, Pu(t) theoretical power for optical power prediction during t time period, Ps(t) is the actual power over time t;
(1) income from selling electricity CsThe formula is adopted to calculate the following formula:
Figure BDA0002803995020000062
wherein, Ps(t) grid-connected power of the light storage combined system in a t period; b (t) is the electricity price of the photovoltaic grid connection in the period t; t is the number of optimization periods.
(2) Combined cost CBTThe formula is adopted to calculate the following formula:
Figure BDA0002803995020000063
comprehensive consideration of energy storage system construction cost is included, and a general setting CUT1.28 (yuan/wh).
(3) Penalty cost CpeThe formula is adopted to calculate the following formula:
Figure BDA0002803995020000064
wherein, Δ Pz(t) light-storage combined system fluctuation in a period of t; THD is a fluctuation range, and is generally 20% of photovoltaic installed capacity; c (t) the penalty fluctuation threshold of the period t is 1, otherwise 0; β is a penalty coefficient, and the general penalty coefficient is set to 6.
And setting constraint conditions of the light storage combined system operation model, wherein the constraint conditions comprise photovoltaic power balance constraint and energy storage battery constraint.
(1) Photovoltaic power balance constraint, based on the principle of smooth operation of photovoltaic, the power balance constraint is expressed as:
Pw＝Pz-Ph
in the formula, PwThe output of the photovoltaic is obtained; pzThe total output power of the optical storage combined system; phThe output power of the energy storage system is a positive value when the energy storage system stores energy, and is a negative value when the energy storage system releases energy.
(2) The constraint of the energy storage battery mainly controls the state of charge (SOC) and the capacity of the energy storage battery, the SOC of the storage battery represents the ratio of the residual electric quantity of the battery to the capacity of the battery, and the SOC meets the constraint of an upper limit value and a lower limit value.
SOCmin≤SOCi≤SOCmax
Therein, SOCi、SOCmax、SOCminRespectively, the SOC state of the battery for period t and its upper and lower limits. When the SOC reaches the maximum value of the battery, the SOC is generally takenmaxWhen the voltage is equal to 0.9, the battery stops charging; when the SOC reaches the minimum value, the SOC is takenmaxWhen the discharge rate is 0.2, the battery stops discharging.
Emin≤Ei≤Emax
Wherein E ismax、EminFor maximum and minimum capacity of the accumulator, EiThe real-time capacity of the storage battery t period.
In order to stabilize photovoltaic power fluctuation and reduce the loss of battery life, a light storage combined operation control strategy is set. When the working state of the energy storage system is analyzed, data of the photovoltaic at the t time period and the t + i time period are obtained simultaneously, energy storage charging and discharging at the current time period can be considered, the fluctuation of the photovoltaic is considered, energy storage capacity preparation is provided for the later time period, and the charge state of the storage battery at the current time is detected simultaneously.
On the premise of meeting the constraint condition, the output of the energy storage system ensures that the photovoltaic output fluctuation at the current moment is not out of limit, and also ensures the range of the self charge and discharge capacity of the energy storage system. If the SOC of the storage battery at the current moment is in a normal area and the power and the electric quantity still have residual space, the storage battery is enabled to continuously charge/discharge partial electric energy, and therefore the probability that the optical storage combined system is out of limit due to SOC limitation is reduced. The judgment of the charge-discharge state of the storage battery is realized by adopting the following modes:
(1) the judgment formula of the unchanged state is as follows:
ΔPw(t) THD and DeltaPw(t+i)≤THD
Wherein, Δ Pw(t) is the predicted fluctuation value of the photovoltaic, Δ P, over the t periodw(t + i) is the predicted fluctuation value of the photovoltaic during the period i + 1.
(2) The determination of the state of charge is as follows:
ΔPw(t)>THD or
Figure BDA0002803995020000081
Therein, SOCminIs a lower limit value of the SOC state of the battery t period.
(3) The discharge state is determined by the following equation:
ΔPw(t)<-THD or
Figure BDA0002803995020000082
And step S3, solving the calculation result of the operation model of the optical storage combined system by adopting a multi-target particle swarm optimization method and combining a good-bad solution distance method, and outputting an optimal operation curve of the optical storage combined operation.
When the multi-target particle swarm method is adopted for solving, the population dimension is 288, the population scale is 30, the maximum iteration number is 500, the particle speed range is [ -3,3], the adaptive inertial weight coefficient range is [0.4,0.9], and the social cognition coefficient and the self-cognition coefficient are both 1.494. After 500 iterations 16 non-inferior solutions were obtained. And calculating the comprehensive evaluation scores of the non-inferior solutions by adopting a good-inferior solution distance method, wherein the weight coefficients are all 0.5. And (3) taking the highest value of the comprehensive evaluation score in the non-inferior solution, wherein the corresponding light rejection amount is less, and the maximization of the total yield of the light storage combined operation is ensured.
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
in step S31, since W is a high-quality index and V is a low-quality index, V is changed to a high-quality index by the reciprocal method. Taking into account the difference between the dimensions of W and V, normalization is required. Assuming that n solutions are in total in a non-inferior solution set obtained by the multi-target particle swarm optimization method, and the preprocessed objective function matrix is as follows:
Figure BDA0002803995020000083
and each row in the matrix corresponds to a non-inferior solution objective function value, wherein W is the benefit of the optical storage combined system, and V is the abandon light of the optical storage combined system.
Step S32, weighting processing, setting weight coefficient gamma1、γ2And multiplying the elements of the first column and the second column of the matrix F respectively. The weighted data matrix is recorded as Fw。
Step S33, determining an idealized target and a negative idealized target, extracting the maximum value of each column in the matrix, and marking the maximum value as [ a ]+,b+]As an idealized target; taking out the minimum value of each column in the matrix, and marking the minimum value as [ a ]-,b-]As a negative idealization target.
Step S34, distance calculation, calculating F one by onewThe distance between each row and the idealized target and the distance between each row and the idealized target are respectively recorded as
Figure BDA0002803995020000091
Figure BDA0002803995020000092
Figure BDA0002803995020000093
Step S35, calculating a comprehensive evaluation index, wherein the calculation formula of the comprehensive evaluation index is as follows:
Figure BDA0002803995020000094
valueithe range of values is [0,1 ]]A closer to 1 indicates a closer to the idealized target, whereas a closer to the negative idealized target is indicated.
And step S36, determining a final solution, sequencing the solutions from large to small according to the comprehensive evaluation index, and taking the first sequenced solution as the final solution, namely the optimal operation curve of the optical storage combined operation.
And step S4, outputting the optimal operation curve of the light-storage combined operation obtained in the step S3 as a power command value of the energy storage system when the subsequent control system is executed.
In the step S4, determining a corresponding control strategy according to the operation model of the optical storage combined system in the step S3 to obtain a power command value of the energy storage system, and determining whether the power command value of the energy storage system exceeds the maximum charge-discharge power of the energy storage battery; when the power command value of the energy storage system exceeds the maximum charging and discharging power of the energy storage battery, the energy storage battery stops working, and the judgment conditions of the energy storage charging and discharging are as follows:
Pd≤Pbess≤Pu
wherein P isbessIs the charging and discharging power of the energy storage system at the moment t, PdIs the minimum charge-discharge power; puThe maximum charge/discharge power.
According to the invention, the model with the highest economic benefit of the light-storage combined system as the target function is set, and the constraint conditions of photovoltaic and energy storage are considered in the model to make the control strategy of the energy storage battery. The power generation controllability of the new energy power station can be effectively enhanced, the plan tracking capability is improved, various problems brought to a power grid by the increase of the new energy permeability are solved, and the operation economy of a photovoltaic system and the operation reliability of the power grid are further improved.

Claims (10)

1. An economic optimal control method for light storage combined operation is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring relevant operation data of the photovoltaic and energy storage system;
the relevant operational data includes: actual power, energy storage system charge state, photovoltaic prediction data, energy storage system real-time operation data and short-term photovoltaic prediction power data of the new energy;
step S2, establishing a light storage combined system operation model based on the real-time operation data and the short-term photovoltaic prediction power data of the energy storage system with the economic optimization of the light storage combined operation as a target;
establishing an operation model of the optical storage combined system as follows:
the light-storage combined system operation model aims at the maximum benefit of the light-storage combined system:
Figure FDA0002803995010000011
wherein W is the benefit of the light storage combined system; csThe electricity selling income of the light and storage combined system in an optimized time period is obtained; cBTThe comprehensive cost of energy storage in a time period is optimized; cpeFor optimizing the punishment cost of the photovoltaic exceeding the fluctuation range in the time period, V is the light abandon of the light storage combined system, Pu(t) theoretical power for optical power prediction during t time period, Ps(t) is the actual power over time t;
step S3, solving the calculation result of the operation model of the optical storage combined system by adopting a multi-target particle swarm optimization method and combining a good-bad solution distance method, and outputting an optimal operation curve of the optical storage combined operation;
and step S4, outputting the optimal operation curve of the light-storage combined operation obtained in the step S3 as a power command value of the energy storage system when the subsequent control system is executed.
2. An economically optimal control method of a light-storage combined operation according to claim 1, characterized in that: electricity sales income C in step S2sThe formula is adopted to calculate the following formula:
Cs＝∫0 TPs(t)×B(t)dt
wherein, Ps(t) grid-connected power of the light storage combined system in a t period; b (t) is the electricity price of the photovoltaic grid connection in the period t; t is the number of optimization periods.
3. An economically optimal control method of a light-storage combined operation according to claim 1, characterized in that: cost C in step S2BTThe formula is adopted to calculate the following formula:
CBT＝CUT×∫0 TPb(t)dt
CUT1.28 yuan/wh.
4. An economically optimal control method of a light-storage combined operation according to claim 1, characterized in that: penalty cost C in step S2peThe formula is adopted to calculate the following formula:
Cpe＝C(t)×∫0 T{|ΔPz(t)-THD|×B(t)×β}dt
wherein, Δ Pz(t) light-storage combined system fluctuation in a period of t; THD is a fluctuation range, and is generally 20% of photovoltaic installed capacity; c (t) the penalty fluctuation threshold of the period t is 1, otherwise 0; beta is a penalty coefficient, and the penalty coefficient is set to be 6.
5. An economically optimal control method of a light-storage combined operation according to claim 1, characterized in that: step S2 further includes: setting constraint conditions of an operation model of the light-storage combined system, wherein the constraint conditions comprise photovoltaic power balance constraint and energy storage battery constraint;
photovoltaic power balance constraint, based on the principle of smooth operation of photovoltaic, the power balance constraint is expressed as:
Pw＝Pz-Ph
in the formula, PwThe output of the photovoltaic is obtained; pzThe total output power of the optical storage combined system; phFor the output power of the energy storage system, the value is positive when the energy storage system stores energy, and negative when the energy is releasedA numerical value;
the constraint of the energy storage battery mainly controls the state of charge (SOC) and the capacity of the energy storage battery, the SOC of the storage battery represents the ratio of the residual electric quantity of the battery to the capacity of the battery, and the SOC meets the constraint of an upper limit value and a lower limit value;
SOCmin≤SOCi≤SOCmax
therein, SOCi、SOCmax、SOCminRespectively representing the SOC state of the storage battery in a period t and the upper limit and the lower limit of the storage battery, and generally taking the SOC when the SOC reaches the maximum value of the batterymaxWhen the voltage is equal to 0.9, the battery stops charging; when the SOC reaches the minimum value, the SOC is takenmaxWhen the voltage is equal to 0.2, the battery stops discharging;
Emin≤Ei≤Emax
wherein E ismax、EminFor maximum and minimum capacity of the accumulator, EiThe real-time capacity of the storage battery t period.
6. An economically optimal control method of a light-storage combined operation according to claim 1, characterized in that: step S2 further includes: on the premise of meeting the constraint condition, if the SOC of the storage battery at the current moment is in a normal region and the power and the electric quantity still have residual space, the storage battery is enabled to continuously charge/discharge partial electric energy, and the judgment of the charge-discharge state of the storage battery is realized by adopting the following mode:
the judgment formula of the unchanged state is as follows:
ΔPw(t) THD and DeltaPw(t+i)≤THD
Wherein, Δ Pw(t) is the predicted fluctuation value of the photovoltaic, Δ P, over the t periodw(t + i) is a predicted fluctuation value of the photovoltaic power in the i +1 time period;
the determination of the state of charge is as follows:
ΔPw(t) > THD or
Figure FDA0002803995010000031
Therein, SOCminA lower limit value of the SOC state of the storage battery at a time t;
the discharge state is determined by the following equation:
ΔPw(t) < -THD or
Figure FDA0002803995010000032
7. An economically optimal control method of a light-storage combined operation according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the multi-target particle swarm method is adopted for solving in the step S3, the population dimension is 288, the population scale is 30, the maximum iteration number is 500, the particle velocity range is [ -3,3], the adaptive inertia weight coefficient range is [0.4,0.9], and the social cognition coefficient and the self-cognition coefficient are both 1.494.
8. An economically optimal control method of a light-storage combined operation according to claim 7, characterized in that: after obtaining 16 non-inferior solutions after 500 iterations, calculating the comprehensive evaluation scores of the non-inferior solutions by adopting a distance method of good and inferior solutions, wherein the weight coefficients are all 0.5; and taking the highest value of the comprehensive evaluation score in the non-inferior solution.
9. An economically optimal control method of a light-storage combined operation according to claim 1, characterized in that: step S3 specifically includes the following steps:
step S31, preprocessing, including reciprocal calculation and normalization processing; the preprocessed objective function matrix is:
Figure FDA0002803995010000041
each row in the matrix corresponds to a non-inferior solution objective function value, wherein W is the benefit of the optical storage combined system, and V is the abandoned light of the optical storage combined system;
step S32, weighting processing, setting weight coefficient gamma1、γ2Are respectively connected withMultiplying the elements of the first row and the second row of the matrix F, and recording the weighted data matrix as Fw；
Step S33, determining an idealized target and a negative idealized target, extracting the maximum value of each column in the matrix, and marking the maximum value as [ a ]+，b+]As an idealized target; taking out the minimum value of each column in the matrix, and marking the minimum value as [ a ]-，b-]As a negative idealized target;
step S34, distance calculation, calculating F one by onewThe distance between each row and the idealized target and the distance between each row and the idealized target are respectively recorded as
Figure FDA0002803995010000042
Figure FDA0002803995010000043
Figure FDA0002803995010000044
Step S35, calculating a comprehensive evaluation index, wherein the calculation formula of the comprehensive evaluation index is as follows:
Figure FDA0002803995010000045
valueithe range of values is [0,1 ]]Closer to 1 indicates closer to the idealized target, whereas closer to the negative idealized target is indicated;
and step S36, determining a final solution, sequencing the solutions from large to small according to the comprehensive evaluation index, and taking the first sequenced solution as the final solution, namely the optimal operation curve of the optical storage combined operation.
10. An economically optimal control method of a light-storage combined operation according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S4, determining a corresponding control strategy according to the operation model of the optical storage combined system in the step S3 to obtain a power command value of the energy storage system, and determining whether the power command value of the energy storage system exceeds the maximum charge-discharge power of the energy storage battery; when the power command value of the energy storage system exceeds the maximum charging and discharging power of the energy storage battery, the energy storage battery stops working, and the judgment conditions of the energy storage charging and discharging are as follows:
Pd≤Pbess≤Pu
wherein P isbessIs the charging and discharging power of the energy storage system at the moment t, PdIs the minimum charge-discharge power; puThe maximum charge/discharge power.
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