CN112364558B - Double-layer optimization method and device for one-piece-type multi-body type wave energy power generation device - Google Patents

Double-layer optimization method and device for one-piece-type multi-body type wave energy power generation device Download PDF

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CN112364558B
CN112364558B CN202011085753.9A CN202011085753A CN112364558B CN 112364558 B CN112364558 B CN 112364558B CN 202011085753 A CN202011085753 A CN 202011085753A CN 112364558 B CN112364558 B CN 112364558B
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CN112364558A (en
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王立国
赵涛
温光洪
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Sun Yat Sen University
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
    • G06F30/27—Design optimisation, verification or simulation using machine learning, e.g. artificial intelligence, neural networks, support vector machines [SVM] or training a model
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
    • G06F30/28—Design optimisation, verification or simulation using fluid dynamics, e.g. using Navier-Stokes equations or computational fluid dynamics [CFD]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06N—COMPUTING ARRANGEMENTS BASED ON SPECIFIC COMPUTATIONAL MODELS
    • G06N3/00—Computing arrangements based on biological models
    • G06N3/12—Computing arrangements based on biological models using genetic models
    • G06N3/126—Evolutionary algorithms, e.g. genetic algorithms or genetic programming
    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2111/00—Details relating to CAD techniques
    • G06F2111/06—Multi-objective optimisation, e.g. Pareto optimisation using simulated annealing [SA], ant colony algorithms or genetic algorithms [GA]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2113/00—Details relating to the application field
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2119/00—Details relating to the type or aim of the analysis or the optimisation
    • G06F2119/14—Force analysis or force optimisation, e.g. static or dynamic forces
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/70—Smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the energy generation sector
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y04S10/50—Systems or methods supporting the power network operation or management, involving a certain degree of interaction with the load-side end user applications

Abstract

The invention discloses a double-layer optimization method and a double-layer optimization device for an integrated multi-body type wave energy power generation device, wherein the method comprises the following steps: setting ocean environmental parameters according to sea conditions of a target area, and calculating a time sequence of the incident wave according to the ocean environmental parameters and wave energy spectrum corresponding to the target area; according to the time sequence and the geometric parameters of the floats in each wave energy absorber in the target area, calculating to obtain the hydrodynamic coefficient of the floats in each wave energy absorber by utilizing potential flow theory and wave theory; calculating to obtain the maximum value of the time average value of the total power generation power of all wave energy absorbers in the target area by utilizing the hydrodynamic coefficient and the motion equation; and optimizing the geometric parameters of the floats by adopting an optimization algorithm and taking the maximum value of the time average value of the total power generation as an evaluation index to obtain the optimal geometric parameters of each float when the time average value of the total power generation is the global maximum. The embodiment of the invention can effectively improve the total yield of the wave energy power generation device.

Description

Double-layer optimization method and device for one-piece-type multi-body type wave energy power generation device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wave energy power generation, in particular to a double-layer optimization method and device of an integrated multi-body wave energy power generation device.
Background
Ocean wave energy is a clean renewable energy source with a higher energy density than solar and wind energy. In addition, the system efficiency of the wave energy power generation device can reach more than 50 percent, which is far higher than that of wind energy and solar energy devices. The high efficiency and reliability of the oscillating buoy type wave energy power generation technology have been verified by pool experiments and sea experiments, and the working principle is as follows: the floats of the primary capture system move under the influence of waves, thereby converting wave energy into kinetic and potential energy of the floats, and the energy conversion system (also called a power intake system) converts mechanical energy into electrical energy. The wave energy generating device can adopt a single floating body or a multi-body structure, and the energy conversion system can be a permanent magnet linear motor or a permanent magnet rotary motor. With the exhaustion of fossil energy resources, the installed capacity of the wave energy power generation device tends to increase year by year, so that in order to improve the power generation efficiency of wave energy, it is important to optimize the wave energy power generation device.
Currently, the existing optimization method of wave energy power generation devices is generally to increase the output power under given sea conditions by optimizing the diameter of a single float or other single parameter. However, the existing optimization method is only optimized for a certain parameter of the floater or the energy conversion system, and the influence of the coupling between the floater and the energy conversion system on the dynamic characteristic and the energy conversion characteristic of the system is not considered, so that the maximization of the total output power of the wave energy power generation device under given sea conditions cannot be realized, and the power generation efficiency of the wave energy power generation device is lower.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a double-layer optimization method and a double-layer optimization device for an integrated multi-type wave power generation device, which are used for solving the technical problem that the total output power of the wave power generation device is low due to the fact that the output total power of the wave power generation device cannot be maximized under given sea conditions in the prior art.
The first embodiment of the invention provides a float layout optimization method of an integrated multi-type wave power generation device, which comprises the following steps:
setting ocean environmental parameters according to sea conditions of a target area, and calculating a time sequence of the incident wave according to the ocean environmental parameters and wave energy spectrum corresponding to the target area; wherein the environmental parameters of the ocean include: effective wave height and average period in the case of irregular waves or wave height and period in the case of regular waves;
according to the time sequence and the geometric parameters of the floats in each wave energy absorber in the target area, calculating to obtain the hydrodynamic coefficient of the floats in each wave energy absorber by utilizing potential flow theory and wave theory;
calculating to obtain the maximum value of the time average value of the total power generation power of all wave energy absorbers in the target area by utilizing the hydrodynamic coefficient and the motion equation;
and (3) adopting an optimization algorithm, and performing global optimization on the geometric parameters of the floats by taking the maximum value of the time average value of the total power as an evaluation index to obtain the optimal geometric parameters of each float when the time average value of the total power is maximum.
Further, the maximum value of the time average value of the total power generation power of all the wave energy absorbers in the target area is calculated by utilizing the hydrodynamic coefficient and the motion equation, and specifically comprises the following steps:
setting initial control damping for the energy conversion system of each wave energy absorber by adopting an optimization algorithm; calculating to obtain an amplitude response operator of the floater in each wave energy absorber by utilizing the hydrodynamic coefficient and the motion equation, and calculating to obtain the response of the floater in each wave energy absorber according to the amplitude response operator; calculating the time average value of the total power generated by all wave energy absorbers according to the response; changing the control damping of the energy conversion system of each wave energy absorber until the maximum value of the time average value of the total generated power is obtained; the control damping corresponding to the maximum value is the optimal control damping of the energy conversion system of each wave energy absorber; the optimization algorithm includes, but is not limited to, a non-convex optimization algorithm, a genetic algorithm.
Further, according to the time sequence and the geometric parameters of the floats in each wave energy absorber in the target area, calculating the hydrodynamic coefficient of the floats in each wave energy absorber by utilizing potential flow theory and wave theory, wherein the hydrodynamic coefficient is specifically as follows: calculating by using hydrodynamic analysis software according to the environmental parameters of the ocean and the geometric parameters of the floater in the wave energy absorber to obtain hydrodynamic coefficients; wherein the hydrodynamic analysis software includes, but is not limited to, one of HydroSTAR, AQWA, WAMIT.
Further, the wave theory includes, but is not limited to, linear wave theory and nonlinear wave theory.
Further, the optimization algorithm includes, but is not limited to, a genetic algorithm and a non-convex optimization algorithm, and the optimization algorithm is adopted to optimize the geometric parameters of the floats by taking the maximum value of the time average value of the total power as an evaluation index, so as to obtain the optimal geometric parameters of each float when the time average value of the total power is the global maximum, specifically:
setting a preset evolution algebra P, presetting the number Q of individuals of each generation according to the genetic algorithm, and randomly generating Q chromosomes serving as initial values, wherein each chromosome comprises a radius parameter of a floater in the wave energy absorber to be optimized or an included angle parameter in a matrix;
calculating an adaptability function corresponding to each chromosome, sequencing from high to low, and giving higher probability to the chromosomes before sequencing to become candidate chromosomes; wherein the adaptive function corresponds to a time average of the total generated power of the wave energy absorber;
performing P times of evolution on the candidate chromosomes, and selecting a chromosome with the highest adaptability function from the candidate chromosomes of the last generation as an optimal chromosome to obtain an optimal radius parameter or an included angle parameter of the floater when the power generation of the integrated multi-type wave power generation device is maximum; wherein the number of candidate chromosomes is the same for each generation.
A second embodiment of the present invention provides a double-layer optimization device of an integrated-type multiple-unit wave power generation device, comprising:
the first calculation module is used for setting ocean environmental parameters according to sea conditions of a target area and calculating a time sequence of the incident wave according to the ocean environmental parameters and wave energy spectrum corresponding to the target area; wherein the environmental parameters of the ocean include: effective wave height and average period in the case of irregular waves or wave height and period in the case of regular waves;
the second calculation module is used for calculating the hydrodynamic coefficient of the floater in each wave energy absorber according to the time sequence and the geometric parameters of the floater in each wave energy absorber in the target area by utilizing potential flow theory and wave theory;
the third calculation module is used for calculating the maximum value of the time average value of the total power generation power of all the wave energy absorbers in the target area by utilizing the hydrodynamic coefficient and the motion equation;
and the optimization module is used for optimizing the geometric parameters of the floats by taking the maximum value of the time average value of the total power generation as an evaluation index to obtain the optimal geometric parameters of each float when the time average value of the total power generation is the global maximum.
Further, the third computing module is specifically configured to:
setting initial control damping for the energy conversion system of each wave energy absorber by adopting an optimization algorithm; calculating to obtain an amplitude response operator of the floater in each wave energy absorber by utilizing the hydrodynamic coefficient and the motion equation, and calculating to obtain the response of the floater in each wave energy absorber according to the amplitude response operator; calculating the time average value of the total power generated by all wave energy absorbers according to the response; changing the control damping of the energy conversion system of each wave energy absorber until the maximum value of the time average value of the total generated power is obtained; the control damping corresponding to the maximum value is the optimal control damping of the energy conversion system of each wave energy absorber; the optimization algorithm includes, but is not limited to, a non-convex optimization algorithm, a genetic algorithm.
Further, the second computing module is specifically configured to: calculating by using hydrodynamic analysis software according to the environmental parameters of the ocean and the geometric parameters of the floater in the wave energy absorber to obtain hydrodynamic coefficients; wherein the hydrodynamic analysis software includes, but is not limited to, one of HydroSTAR, AQWA, WAMIT.
Further, the wave theory includes, but is not limited to, linear wave theory and nonlinear wave theory.
Further, the optimization algorithm includes, but is not limited to, genetic algorithm, non-convex optimization algorithm, the optimization module is specifically configured to:
setting a preset evolution algebra P, presetting the number Q of individuals of each generation according to the genetic algorithm, and randomly generating Q chromosomes serving as initial values, wherein each chromosome comprises a radius parameter of a floater in the wave energy absorber to be optimized or an included angle parameter in a matrix;
calculating an adaptability function corresponding to each chromosome, sequencing from high to low, and giving higher probability to the chromosomes before sequencing to become candidate chromosomes; wherein the adaptive function corresponds to a time average of the total generated power of the wave energy absorber;
performing P times of evolution on the candidate chromosomes, and selecting a chromosome with the highest adaptability function from the candidate chromosomes of the last generation as an optimal chromosome to obtain an optimal radius parameter or an included angle parameter of the floater when the power generation of the integrated multi-type wave power generation device is maximum; wherein the number of candidate chromosomes is the same for each generation.
The embodiment of the invention provides a double-layer optimization method and device for an integrated multi-type wave power generation device, and the embodiment of the invention considers the influence of the coupling between a floater and an energy conversion system on the dynamic characteristic and the energy conversion characteristic of the system so as to realize double-layer optimization of the wave power generation device, so that the total output power of the wave power generation device under the given sea condition is maximum, and the total output energy of the wave power generation device is effectively improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a double-layer optimization method of an integrated multi-body type wave power generation device provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is another schematic flow chart of a double-layer optimization method of an integrated multi-body type wave power generation device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a double-layer optimizing device of an integrated multi-body type wave power generation device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden from the present disclosure, are within the scope of the present disclosure.
In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or an implicit indication of the number of technical features being indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present application, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.
Referring to fig. 1-2, in a first embodiment of the present invention, a dual-layer optimization method of an integrated multi-type wave power generation device as shown in fig. 1 is provided, including:
s1, setting ocean environmental parameters according to sea conditions of a target area, and calculating a time sequence of the incident wave according to the ocean environmental parameters and wave energy spectrum corresponding to the target area; wherein, the environmental parameters of ocean include: effective wave height and average period in the case of irregular waves or wave height and period in the case of regular waves;
in the embodiment of the invention, the wave heights in a given wave train are ordered from big to small, and the average value of the largest 1/3 part of wave heights in the arrangement is taken as the effective wave height H s Average wave period is T av . As one embodiment, the expression for calculating the wave energy spectrum from the effective wave height and the average wave period is:
Figure GDA0003107498160000061
Figure GDA0003107498160000062
f＝1/T av wherein A is s And B s Are all observed estimated values containing wave elements, f is the average frequency, H S To be effective wave height, T av Is the average period.
S2, calculating to obtain the hydrodynamic coefficient of the floater in each wave energy absorber by utilizing potential flow theory and wave theory according to the time sequence and the geometric parameters of the floater in each wave energy absorber in the target area;
it should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the wave energy absorber includes a wave energy power generator, and the geometrical parameter of the float is used as a variable for the layer optimization in this embodiment. The geometric parameters include the size parameters, position parameters and shape parameters of the float. As an implementation mode, the optimal position angle of the floater in space can be set initial space position parameter theta of the wave energy power generation device 1 ，θ 2 ，θ 3 ，……，θ n To determine the initial spatial position of the float and to set the diameter parameter of the float.
S3, calculating to obtain the maximum value of the time average value of the total power generation power of all wave energy absorbers in the target area by utilizing the hydrodynamic coefficient and the motion equation;
it should be noted that, in the embodiment of the invention, the influence of the coupling between the floater and the energy system on the system dynamic characteristic and the energy conversion characteristic is considered, so that the double-layer optimization of the wave energy power generation device is realized, the total output power of the wave energy power generation device under the given sea condition is maximized, the reasonable optimization of the layout of a single wave energy absorber in the wave energy power generation device is further realized, and the productivity of the integrated multi-type wave energy power generation device can be effectively improved.
And S4, optimizing the geometric parameters of the floats by adopting an optimization algorithm and taking the maximum value of the time average value of the total power generation as an evaluation index to obtain the optimal geometric parameters of each float when the time average value of the total power generation is the global maximum.
Referring to fig. 2, another flow chart of a layout optimization method of a wave power generation device according to an embodiment of the invention is shown.
As a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, according to the time sequence and the geometric parameters of the floats in each wave energy absorber in the target area, the hydrodynamic coefficient of the floats in each wave energy absorber is calculated by using the potential flow theory and the wave theory, which specifically includes: calculating by using hydrodynamic analysis software according to the environmental parameters of the ocean and the geometric parameters of the floats in the wave energy absorber to obtain hydrodynamic coefficients; among them, the hydrodynamic analysis software includes, but is not limited to, one of HydroSTAR, AQWA, WAMIT. The embodiment of the invention uses WAMIT and geometric parameters of floats in a wave energy absorber to calculate and obtain hydrodynamic coefficients, and specifically comprises the following steps: taking relevant files specified by the WAMIT user manual as input, the WAMIT automatically outputs the required hydrodynamic coefficients. The hydrodynamic coefficients needed for automatic output include, but are not limited to, additional mass A (w), additional damping coefficient B (w), hydrostatic stiffness coefficient τ, excitation force F ext (w)。
As a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the invention, the maximum value of the time average value of the total power generation power of all wave energy absorbers in the target area is calculated by utilizing the hydrodynamic coefficient and the motion equation, and the maximum value is specifically as follows:
setting initial control damping for the energy conversion system of each wave energy absorber by adopting an optimization algorithm; calculating to obtain an amplitude response operator of the floater in each wave energy absorber by utilizing a hydrodynamic coefficient and a motion equation, and calculating to obtain the response of the floater in each wave energy absorber according to the amplitude response operator; calculating the time average value of the total generated power of all the wave energy absorbers according to the response; changing the control damping of the energy conversion system of each wave energy absorber until the maximum value of the time average value of the total generated power is obtained; the control damping corresponding to the maximum value is the optimal control damping of the energy conversion system of each wave energy absorber; optimization algorithms include, but are not limited to, non-convex optimization algorithms, genetic algorithms.
The obtained hydrodynamic coefficients are substituted into the following equation to obtain a response function:
Figure GDA0003107498160000071
the magnitude response operator (RAO) can be derived from the following equation:
Figure GDA0003107498160000072
according to the amplitude response operator, the frequency domain response of each wave energy absorber is obtained by the following formula:
S z (ω)＝|RAO|*S PM (ω)
the frequency domain response is converted to a time domain response by the following equation:
Figure GDA0003107498160000081
Figure GDA0003107498160000082
wherein E is n For the phase information of the response function, the time domain response is first derivative to obtain the speed of each wave energy absorber:
Figure GDA0003107498160000083
calculating a time average value of the generated power of each wave energy absorber according to the linear damping term of each energy conversion system
Figure GDA0003107498160000084
Figure GDA0003107498160000085
Where b is the control damping of the energy conversion system. And accumulating the time average value of the generated power of each wave energy absorber to obtain the time average value of the total generated power output by the integrated wave energy generating device. And synchronously obtaining the optimal control damping corresponding to each float when the time average value of the total power output by the integrated multi-body wave power generation device is maximum by adopting an optimization algorithm.
As a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the invention, the optimization algorithm includes, but is not limited to, a genetic algorithm and a non-convex optimization algorithm, and the optimization algorithm is adopted, and the geometric parameters of the floats are globally optimized by taking the maximum value of the time average value of the total power as an evaluation index, so as to obtain the optimal geometric parameters of each float when the time average value of the total power is maximum:
setting a preset evolution algebra P and a preset individual number Q of each generation according to a genetic algorithm, randomly generating Q chromosomes serving as initial values, wherein each chromosome comprises a radius parameter of a floater in a wave energy absorber to be optimized or an included angle parameter in a matrix;
calculating an adaptability function corresponding to each chromosome, sequencing from high to low, and enabling the chromosomes before sequencing to give higher probability to become candidate chromosomes; wherein the adaptive function corresponds to a time average of the total generated power of the wave energy absorber;
p times of evolution are carried out on the candidate chromosomes, and a chromosome with the highest adaptability function is selected from the last generation of candidate chromosomes to serve as an optimal chromosome, so that an optimal radius parameter or an included angle parameter of a floater when the power generation of the integrated type multiple wave power generation device is maximum is obtained; wherein the number of candidate chromosomes is the same for each generation.
In the embodiment of the invention, each chromosome is binary coded by using computing software (such as MATLAB), n genes are arranged on each chromosome, each gene represents geometrical parameter information (x) of a floater in wave energy absorption by binary coding, and then each chromosome can be expressed as A (x i ) I=1, 2,..n. The preset evolution algebra is P, and Q chromosomes are generated. The system generates new chromosomes by selecting, mutating, crossing genes in the chromosomes among the Q chromosomes originally set. Reserving Q chromosomes with larger objective function values, and continuing to evolve, and continuing the processUntil the initial set evolution algebra is completed. After the last mating is completed, a chromosome with the largest objective function value is selected through a selection function, namely, the time average value of the total power generation power of the wave energy absorber is the global maximum. And obtaining the optimal geometric parameters of the floats in the wave energy power generation device through the genes.
The embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the embodiment of the invention, the time sequence of the incident wave is calculated according to the environmental parameters of the ocean and the wave energy spectrum corresponding to the target area, the hydrodynamic coefficient is calculated according to the geometric parameters of the floats in the wave energy absorber, the maximum value of the time average value of the total power generation power of all the wave energy absorbers in the target area is calculated by utilizing the hydrodynamic coefficient and the motion equation, the time average value of the total power generation power of the integrated multi-type wave energy power generation device is optimized by adopting an optimization algorithm, the optimal geometric parameters of the floats when the total power generation power of the power generation device is maximum are obtained, the maximum total power output under the condition of given sea conditions is realized, and the power generation efficiency of the wave energy power generation device can be effectively improved.
Referring to fig. 3, in a second embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a double-layer optimization device of an integrated-type multi-body wave power generation device as shown in fig. 3, including: a first calculation module 10, a second calculation module 20, a third calculation module 30 and an optimization module 40;
the first calculation module 10 is configured to set an environmental parameter of the ocean according to a sea condition of the target area, and calculate a time sequence of the incident wave according to the environmental parameter of the ocean and a wave energy spectrum corresponding to the target area; wherein, the environmental parameters of ocean include: effective wave height and average period in the case of irregular waves or wave height and period in the case of regular waves;
in the embodiment of the invention, the wave heights in a given wave train are ordered from big to small, and the average value of the largest 1/3 part of wave heights in the arrangement is taken as the effective wave height H s Average wave period is T av . As one embodiment, the expression for calculating the wave energy spectrum from the effective wave height and the average wave period is:
Figure GDA0003107498160000101
Figure GDA0003107498160000102
f＝1/T av wherein A is s And B s Are all observed estimated values containing wave elements, f is the average frequency, H S To be effective wave height, T av Is the average period.
A second calculation module 20, configured to calculate a hydrodynamic coefficient of the float in each wave energy absorber according to the time sequence and the geometric parameter of the float in each wave energy absorber in the target area by using potential flow theory and wave theory;
in the embodiment of the present invention, the geometric parameter of the float is used as a variable for the layer optimization in the present embodiment. The geometric parameters include the size parameters, position parameters and shape parameters of the float. As an implementation mode, the optimal position angle of the floater in space can be set according to the embodiment, and the initial spatial position parameter theta of the floater in the wave energy absorber is set 1 ，θ 2 ，θ 3 ，……，θ n To determine the initial spatial position of the float and to set the diameter parameter of the float.
A third calculation module 30, configured to calculate, using the hydrodynamic coefficient and the equation of motion, a maximum value of a time average value of the total power generated by all wave energy absorbers in the target area;
it should be noted that, in the embodiment of the invention, the influence of the coupling between the floater and the energy conversion system on the system dynamic characteristic and the energy conversion characteristic is considered, so that the double-layer optimization of the wave energy power generation device is realized, the total output power of the wave energy power generation device under the given sea condition is maximized, the reasonable optimization of the layout of a single wave energy absorber in the wave energy power generation device is further realized, and the productivity of the integrated multi-type wave energy power generation device can be effectively improved.
And the optimization module 40 is configured to globally optimize the geometric parameters of the floats by using the maximum value of the time average value of the total generated power as an evaluation index by adopting an optimization algorithm, so as to obtain an optimal geometric parameter of each float when the time average value of the total generated power is maximum.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the environmental parameters of the ocean are set according to the sea condition of the target area, the time sequence of the incident wave is calculated according to the environmental parameters of the ocean and the wave energy spectrum corresponding to the target area, the hydrodynamic coefficient of the floater in each wave energy absorber is calculated according to the time sequence and the geometric parameters of the floater in each wave energy absorber in the target area by means of potential flow theory and wave theory, the hydrodynamic coefficient is utilized, the influence of the coupling between the floater and the energy conversion system on the system dynamic characteristic and the energy conversion characteristic is considered, the control strategy of the energy conversion system is considered, the time average value of the total power generation power of the wave energy power generation device is optimized by adopting an optimization algorithm, the optimal geometric parameter of the floater when the total power generation power of the wave energy power generation device is maximum is obtained, and the maximization of the total power output by the wave energy power generation device under the given sea condition is realized, so that the power generation efficiency of the wave energy power generation device can be effectively improved.
As a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the second computing module is specifically configured to: calculating by using hydrodynamic analysis software according to the environmental parameters of the ocean and the geometric parameters of the floats in the wave energy absorber to obtain hydrodynamic coefficients; among them, the hydrodynamic analysis software includes, but is not limited to, one of WAMIT, AQWA, hydroSTAR. The embodiment of the invention uses WAMIT and geometric parameters of floats in a wave energy absorber to calculate and obtain hydrodynamic coefficients, and specifically comprises the following steps: taking relevant files specified by the WAMIT user manual as input, the WAMIT automatically outputs the required hydrodynamic coefficients. The hydrodynamic coefficients needed for automatic output include, but are not limited to, additional mass A (w), additional damping coefficient B (w), hydrostatic stiffness coefficient τ, excitation force F ext (w)。
As a specific implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, the third computing module 30 is specifically configured to:
setting initial control damping for the energy conversion system of each wave energy absorber by adopting an optimization algorithm; calculating to obtain an amplitude response operator of the floater in each wave energy absorber by utilizing a hydrodynamic coefficient and a motion equation, and calculating to obtain the response of the floater in each wave energy absorber according to the amplitude response operator; calculating the time average value of the total generated power of all the wave energy absorbers according to the response; changing the control damping of the energy conversion system of each wave energy absorber until the maximum value of the time average value of the total generated power is obtained; the control damping corresponding to the maximum value is the optimal control damping of the energy conversion system of each wave energy absorber; optimization algorithms include, but are not limited to, non-convex optimization algorithms, genetic algorithms.
The obtained hydrodynamic coefficients are substituted into the following equation to obtain a response function:
Figure GDA0003107498160000121
the magnitude response operator (RAO) can be derived from the following equation:
Figure GDA0003107498160000122
according to the amplitude response operator, the frequency domain response of the float in each wave energy absorber is obtained by the following formula:
S z (ω)＝|RAO|*S PM (ω)
the frequency domain response is converted to a time domain response by the following equation:
Figure GDA0003107498160000123
Figure GDA0003107498160000124
wherein E is n Is the phase information of the response function. Taking the first derivative of the time domain response to obtain the velocity of the float in each wave energy absorber：
Figure GDA0003107498160000125
Calculating a time average value of the generated power of each wave energy absorber according to the linear damping term of each energy conversion system
Figure GDA0003107498160000131
Figure GDA0003107498160000132
Where b is the control damping of the energy conversion system. And accumulating the time average value of the generated power of each wave energy absorber to obtain the time average value of the total generated power output by the integrated wave energy generating device. And synchronously obtaining the optimal control damping corresponding to each float when the time average value of the total power output by the integrated multi-body wave power generation device is maximum by adopting an optimization algorithm.
The inner layer optimization of the embodiment of the invention is as follows: and calculating the maximum value of the time average value of the total power generation power of all the wave energy absorbers in the target area by using the hydrodynamic coefficient and the motion equation by adopting an optimization algorithm, wherein the control damping corresponding to the maximum value is the optimal control damping of the energy conversion system of each wave energy absorber. Optimization algorithms include, but are not limited to, genetic algorithms, non-convex optimization algorithms, and the like.
As a specific implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, the optimization algorithm includes, but is not limited to, a genetic algorithm and a non-convex optimization algorithm, and the optimization module 40 is specifically configured to:
setting a preset evolution algebra P and a preset individual number Q of each generation according to a genetic algorithm, randomly generating Q chromosomes serving as initial values, wherein each chromosome comprises a radius parameter of a floater in a wave energy absorber to be optimized or an included angle parameter in a matrix;
calculating an adaptability function corresponding to each chromosome, sequencing from high to low, and enabling the chromosomes before sequencing to give higher probability to become candidate chromosomes; wherein the adaptive function corresponds to a time average of the total generated power of the wave energy absorber;
p times of evolution are carried out on the candidate chromosomes, and a chromosome with the highest adaptability function is selected from the last generation of candidate chromosomes to serve as an optimal chromosome, so that an optimal radius parameter or an included angle parameter of a floater when the power generation of the integrated type multiple wave power generation device is maximum is obtained; wherein the number of candidate chromosomes is the same for each generation.
In the embodiment of the invention, each chromosome is binary coded by using computing software (such as MATLAB), n genes are arranged on each chromosome, each gene represents geometrical parameter information (x) of a floater in a wave energy absorber by binary coding, and then each chromosome can be represented as A (x i ) I=1, 2,..n. The preset evolution algebra is P, and Q chromosomes are generated. The system generates new chromosomes by selecting, mutating, crossing genes in the chromosomes among the Q chromosomes originally set. And reserving Q chromosomes with larger objective function values, continuing to evolve, and continuing the process until the originally set evolution algebra is completed. After the last mating is completed, a chromosome with the largest objective function value is selected through a selection function, namely, the time average value of the total power generation power of the wave energy absorber is the global maximum. And obtaining the optimal geometric parameters of the floats in the wave energy power generation device through the genes.
The embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the embodiment of the invention, according to sea conditions of a target area, environment parameters of sea are set, a time sequence of incident waves is calculated according to the environment parameters of the sea and wave energy spectrums corresponding to the target area, according to the time sequence and geometric parameters of floats in each wave energy absorber in the target area, a hydrodynamic coefficient of the floats in each wave energy absorber is calculated by utilizing potential flow theory and wave theory, the hydrodynamic coefficient is utilized, the influence of coupling between the floats and an energy conversion system on system dynamic characteristics and energy conversion characteristics is considered, global optimization is performed on a wave energy generating device, a time average value of total power generation power of the wave energy generating device is calculated, an optimization algorithm is adopted to optimize the time average value of the total power generation power of the wave energy generating device, an optimal geometric parameter of the floats when the total power generation power of the generating device is maximum is obtained, the maximum total power output of the wave energy is realized under the condition of given sea conditions, and the power generation efficiency of the wave energy generating device can be effectively improved.
The foregoing is a preferred embodiment of the present invention and it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the principles of the present invention and are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. The double-layer optimization method of the one-piece-type multi-body type wave power generation device is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
setting ocean environmental parameters according to sea conditions of a target area, and calculating a time sequence of the incident wave according to the ocean environmental parameters and wave energy spectrum corresponding to the target area; wherein the environmental parameters of the ocean include: effective wave height and average period in the case of irregular waves or wave height and period in the case of regular waves;
according to the time sequence and the geometric parameters of the floats in each wave energy absorber in the target area, calculating to obtain the hydrodynamic coefficient of the floats in each wave energy absorber by utilizing potential flow theory and wave theory;
calculating a maximum value of a time average value of the total generated power of all the wave energy absorbers in the target area by using the hydrodynamic coefficient and the motion equation, wherein the maximum value comprises the following components: setting initial control damping for the energy conversion system of each wave energy absorber by adopting an optimization algorithm; calculating to obtain an amplitude response operator of the floater in each wave energy absorber by utilizing the hydrodynamic coefficient and the motion equation, and calculating to obtain the response of the floater in each wave energy absorber according to the amplitude response operator; calculating the time average value of the total power generated by all wave energy absorbers according to the response; changing the control damping of the energy conversion system of each wave energy absorber until the maximum value of the time average value of the total generated power is obtained; the control damping corresponding to the maximum value is the optimal control damping of the energy conversion system of each wave energy absorber; the optimization algorithm comprises a non-convex optimization algorithm and a genetic algorithm;
and (3) adopting an optimization algorithm, and performing global optimization on the geometric parameters among the floats by taking the maximum value of the time average value of the total power generation as an evaluation standard to obtain the optimal geometric parameters corresponding to each float when the time average value of the total power generation is maximum.
2. The double-layer optimization method of the integrated multi-body type wave energy power generation device according to claim 1, wherein the hydrodynamic coefficients of the floats in each wave energy absorber are calculated according to the time sequence and the geometric parameters of the floats in each wave energy absorber in a target area by utilizing potential flow theory and wave theory, and specifically: calculating by using hydrodynamic analysis software according to the environmental parameters of the ocean and the geometric parameters of the floater in the wave energy absorber to obtain hydrodynamic coefficients; wherein the hydrodynamic analysis software comprises one of HydroSTAR, AQWA, WAMIT.
3. The double-layer optimization method of the integrated multi-body wave power generation device of claim 1, wherein the wave theory comprises a linear wave theory and a nonlinear wave theory.
4. The double-layer optimization method of the integrated multi-body type wave power generation device according to claim 1, wherein the optimization algorithm comprises a non-convex optimization algorithm and a genetic algorithm, the optimization algorithm is adopted, the geometric parameters between the floats are globally optimized by taking the maximum value of the time average value of the total power generation power as an evaluation standard, and the optimal geometric parameters corresponding to each float when the time average value of the total power generation power is maximum are obtained specifically as follows:
setting a preset evolution algebra P, presetting the number Q of individuals of each generation according to the genetic algorithm, and randomly generating Q chromosomes serving as initial values, wherein each chromosome comprises a radius parameter of a floater in the wave energy absorber to be optimized or an included angle parameter in a matrix;
calculating an adaptability function corresponding to each chromosome, sequencing from high to low, and giving higher probability to the chromosomes before sequencing to become candidate chromosomes; wherein the adaptive function corresponds to a time average of the total generated power of the wave energy absorber;
performing P times of evolution on the candidate chromosomes, and selecting a chromosome with the highest adaptability function from the candidate chromosomes of the last generation as an optimal chromosome to obtain an optimal radius parameter or an included angle parameter of the floater when the power generation of the integrated multi-type wave power generation device is maximum; wherein the number of candidate chromosomes is the same for each generation.
5. Double-deck optimizing device of many integral type wave energy power generation facility of integral type, its characterized in that includes:
the first calculation module is used for setting ocean environmental parameters according to sea conditions of a target area and calculating a time sequence of the incident wave according to the ocean environmental parameters and wave energy spectrum corresponding to the target area; wherein the environmental parameters of the ocean include: effective wave height and average period in the case of irregular waves or wave height and period in the case of regular waves;
the second calculation module is used for calculating the hydrodynamic coefficient of the floater in each wave energy absorber according to the time sequence and the geometric parameters of the floater in each wave energy absorber in the target area by utilizing potential flow theory and wave theory;
the third calculation module is configured to calculate, using the hydrodynamic coefficient and the equation of motion, a maximum value of a time average value of total power generation of all the wave energy absorbers in the target area, and specifically configured to: setting initial control damping for the energy conversion system of each wave energy absorber by adopting an optimization algorithm; calculating to obtain an amplitude response operator of the floater in each wave energy absorber by utilizing the hydrodynamic coefficient and the motion equation, and calculating to obtain the response of the floater in each wave energy absorber according to the amplitude response operator; calculating the time average value of the total power generated by all wave energy absorbers according to the response; changing the control damping of the energy conversion system of each wave energy absorber until the maximum value of the time average value of the total generated power is obtained; the control damping corresponding to the maximum value is the optimal control damping of the energy conversion system of each wave energy absorber; the optimization algorithm comprises a non-convex optimization algorithm and a genetic algorithm;
and the optimization module is used for carrying out global optimization on the geometric parameters among the floats by taking the maximum value of the time average value of the total power generation as an evaluation standard by adopting an optimization algorithm to obtain the optimal geometric parameters corresponding to each float when the time average value of the total power generation is maximum.
6. The double-layer optimization device of an integrated multi-body wave power generation device of claim 5, wherein the second computing module is specifically configured to: calculating by using hydrodynamic analysis software according to the environmental parameters of the ocean and the geometric parameters of the floater in the wave energy absorber to obtain hydrodynamic coefficients; wherein the hydrodynamic analysis software includes one of HydroSTAR, AQWA, WAMIT.
7. The double-layer optimization device of an integrated multiple wave power generation device of claim 5, wherein the wave theory comprises a linear wave theory and a nonlinear wave theory.
8. The double-layer optimization device of the integrated multi-body wave power generation device according to claim 5, wherein the optimization algorithm comprises a non-convex optimization algorithm and a genetic algorithm, and the optimization module is specifically configured to:
setting a preset evolution algebra P, presetting the number Q of individuals of each generation according to the genetic algorithm, and randomly generating Q chromosomes serving as initial values, wherein each chromosome comprises a radius parameter of a floater in the wave energy absorber to be optimized or an included angle parameter in a matrix;
calculating an adaptability function corresponding to each chromosome, sequencing from high to low, and giving higher probability to the chromosomes before sequencing to become candidate chromosomes; wherein the adaptive function corresponds to a time average of the total generated power of the wave energy absorber;
performing P times of evolution on the candidate chromosomes, and selecting a chromosome with the highest adaptability function from the candidate chromosomes of the last generation as an optimal chromosome to obtain an optimal radius parameter or an included angle parameter of the floater when the power generation of the integrated multi-type wave power generation device is maximum; wherein the number of candidate chromosomes is the same for each generation.
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