CN112364027B - Parallel creating openGauss partition table index method, device and system - Google Patents
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- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
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- G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
- G06F16/20—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of structured data, e.g. relational data
- G06F16/22—Indexing; Data structures therefor; Storage structures
- G06F16/2228—Indexing structures
- G06F16/2246—Trees, e.g. B+trees
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- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
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- G06F16/20—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of structured data, e.g. relational data
- G06F16/22—Indexing; Data structures therefor; Storage structures
- G06F16/2282—Tablespace storage structures; Management thereof
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
- G06F16/20—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of structured data, e.g. relational data
- G06F16/27—Replication, distribution or synchronisation of data between databases or within a distributed database system; Distributed database system architectures therefor
- G06F16/278—Data partitioning, e.g. horizontal or vertical partitioning
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Abstract
The invention provides a method, a device and a system for parallel creating of openGauss partition table index, wherein the method comprises the following steps: constructing data dictionary information required by partition table index aiming at a partition table and a direct partition of the partition table; for each partition and sub-partition, scanning all visible tuples in each partition and sub-partition in a bottom-up order to construct an index in parallel; for each partition and sub-partition, the indexes that create delta data are merged in bottom-up order. The invention can improve the availability of the partition table and the efficiency of creating the index.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of database technologies, and in particular, to a method, an apparatus, and a system for parallel creating an openGauss partition table index.
Background
In OpenGauss, indexing a partition table adds a ShareLock lock to the table, which blocks the DML for a long period of time, which is intolerable to users. Furthermore, for large data volume partition table index parallel creation, the solution presented in the openGuass document is to use the normal table parallel creation index method on each partition first, and finally create an index on the partition table, which is obviously not friendly in a partition table with a large number of partitions.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a method, a device and a system for parallel creating of openGauss partition table indexes, which can improve the availability of partition tables and the efficiency of creating indexes.
In one aspect, the present invention provides a method for parallel creating openGauss partition table index, including: constructing data dictionary information required by partition table index aiming at a partition table and a direct partition of the partition table; for each partition and sub-partition, scanning all visible tuples in each partition and sub-partition in a bottom-up order to construct an index in parallel; for each partition and sub-partition, the indexes that create delta data are merged in bottom-up order.
Further, the step of constructing data dictionary information required for partition table index for partition table and direct partition with the partition table includes:
opening a first transaction;
in the first transaction, circularly finding the partition table and a direct partition of the partition table;
when checking and determining that the grammar and the function for establishing the index to the partition table and the direct partition of the partition table are not wrong, establishing data dictionary information required by the partition table index to the partition table and the direct partition of the partition table;
and adding a session lock to commit the first transaction.
Further, the data dictionary information includes a table metadata information cache, an object data dictionary, and an index data dictionary.
Further, the step of scanning all visible tuples in each partition and sub-partition to build an index in parallel includes:
waiting for all DML transactions on a partition or sub-partition to end using a shared lock;
opening a second transaction;
obtaining a snapshot, and scanning all visible tuples in the partition or the sub-partition to construct an index in parallel;
and submitting the second transaction.
Further, the step of merging the indexes that create the delta data includes:
waiting for all DML transactions on a partition or sub-partition to end using a shared lock;
opening a third transaction;
obtaining a snapshot, merging and concurrently creating an index aiming at the incremental data on the partition or the sub-partition;
and committing the third transaction.
In still another aspect, the present invention further provides an apparatus for parallel creating an openGauss partition table index, including:
the partition table index data dictionary module is used for constructing data dictionary information required by the partition table index aiming at the partition table and the direct partition of the partition table;
the partition table index module is used for scanning all visible tuples in each partition and each sub-partition in a bottom-up sequence for each partition and each sub-partition to construct an index in parallel;
and the incremental data index module is used for merging and creating the index of the incremental data according to the bottom-up sequence for each partition and each sub-partition.
Further, the partition table index data dictionary module is specifically configured to: opening a first transaction; in the first transaction, circularly finding the partition table and a direct partition of the partition table; when checking and determining that the grammar and the function for establishing the index to the partition table and the direct partition of the partition table are not wrong, establishing data dictionary information required by the partition table index to the partition table and the direct partition of the partition table; and adding a session lock to commit the first transaction.
Further, the partition table index module is specifically configured to: waiting for all DML transactions on a partition or sub-partition to end using a shared lock; opening a second transaction; obtaining a snapshot, and scanning all visible tuples in the partition or the sub-partition to construct an index in parallel; and committing the second transaction.
Further, the incremental data index module is specifically configured to wait for all DML transactions on the partition or the child partition to end using the shared lock; opening a third transaction; obtaining a snapshot, merging and concurrently creating an index aiming at the incremental data on the partition or the sub-partition; and committing the third transaction.
In yet another aspect, the present invention further provides a system for parallel creating openGauss partition table index, including:
the memory is used for caching data;
the hard disk is used for storing the partition table and data dictionary information required by the partition table index constructed by the direct partition of the partition table;
the CPU is used for scanning all visible tuples in each partition and each sub-partition in a bottom-up sequence for each partition and each sub-partition to construct indexes in parallel; and merging, for each partition and sub-partition, the indexes that create the delta data in a bottom-up order.
According to the invention, the consistency of information is ensured by constructing the indexed data dictionary information; for each partition of the partition tree, the index is built in parallel by the execution from bottom to top in a recursion mode, the previous partition is built and available at first, the parallel index building of the openGauss partition table with large data quantity is realized, and the availability of the partition table and the efficiency of index building are improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of parallel creating openGauss partition table index in accordance with an exemplary first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method of parallel creating openGauss partition table index according to an exemplary second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a block diagram of a structure of a parallel creating openGauss partition table index apparatus according to an exemplary third embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a block diagram of a parallel create openGauss partition table index system according to an exemplary fourth embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
It should be noted that, without conflict, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other; and, based on the embodiments in this disclosure, all other embodiments that may be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort are within the scope of the present disclosure.
It is noted that various aspects of the embodiments are described below within the scope of the following claims. It should be apparent that the aspects described herein may be embodied in a wide variety of forms and that any specific structure and/or function described herein is merely illustrative. Based on the present disclosure, one skilled in the art will appreciate that one aspect described herein may be implemented independently of any other aspect, and that two or more of these aspects may be combined in various ways. For example, an apparatus may be implemented and/or a method practiced using any number of the aspects set forth herein. In addition, such apparatus may be implemented and/or such methods practiced using other structure and/or functionality in addition to one or more of the aspects set forth herein.
As shown in FIG. 1, the method for parallel creating of the openGauss partition table index comprises the following steps:
and step 101, constructing data dictionary information required by partition table index aiming at the partition table and the direct partition of the partition table.
Specifically, a transaction is started first, and data dictionary information, such as a table metadata information cache, an object data dictionary, an index data dictionary and the like, required by the index of the partition table is constructed for the partition table and the direct partition circulation. And adding a session lock to commit the transaction.
Specifically, for each partition and child partition, step 102 performs the following steps in bottom-up order, with child partition first and parent partition second: first, a transaction is started; secondly, creating indexes in parallel; finally, the transaction is committed.
Specifically, step 103 performs the following steps for each partition and child partition in the order of bottom-up, child partition first, and parent partition second: firstly, starting a transaction; secondly, merging and creating an index of the incremental data; finally, the transaction is committed.
According to the embodiment, the consistency of information is ensured by constructing indexed data dictionary information; for each partition of the partition tree, the index is built in parallel by the execution from bottom to top in a recursion mode, the previous partition is built and available at first, the parallel index building of the openGauss partition table with large data quantity is realized, and the availability of the partition table and the efficiency of index building are improved.
The parallel creating openGauss partition table indexing method is further described below with specific reference to the preferred embodiment as shown in fig. 2. As shown in the figure 2 of the drawings,
1. a transaction (which may be referred to as a first transaction) is opened.
2. In this transaction, the loop finds this partition table and its immediate partition.
3. Various grammars and functions for which indexes are established are checked in advance.
4. Determine if there is an error?
5. If the error exists, the method exits and returns.
6. If no error exists, data dictionary information such as a table metadata information cache, an object data dictionary, an index data dictionary and the like which are needed for constructing the partition table index are constructed.
7. A session lock is added and the transaction is committed.
8. For each partition and child partition, the sequence of child partition and father partition is from bottom to top:
(1) The shared lock is used to wait for all DML transactions on this partition or sub-partition to end.
(2) One transaction (which may be referred to as a second transaction) is started.
(3) A snapshot is taken and all visible tuples in this partition or sub-partition are scanned to build an index in parallel.
(4) The transaction is committed.
(5) The shared lock is used to wait for all DML transactions on this partition or sub-partition to end.
(6) Open transaction (may be referred to as a third transaction).
(7) And obtaining a snapshot, merging and concurrently creating an index aiming at the increment data on the partition or the sub-partition.
(8) The transaction is committed.
9. Finally, aiming at the partition table, all operations of the previous step are performed.
10. And updating the cache and releasing the session lock.
11. To this end, this partition index has been successfully created and made available.
According to the embodiment, the parallel creation of the partition table index is realized by modifying three stages of the existing common table parallel creation index method; similar to the first stage of the common table parallel index creating method, one transaction is used for submitting to construct the meta information of the index, so that the consistency of the meta information can be ensured; for each partition of the partition tree, a second stage and a third stage of the index method are created by performing the common table parallel from bottom to top in a recursion mode respectively; the method has the advantages that the former partition is built and available firstly, and the three stages of the common table parallel index creation method are modified, so that the parallel index creation of the openGauss partition table with large data quantity is realized, and the availability of the partition table and the index creation efficiency are improved.
Fig. 3 is a block diagram of a parallel creating openGauss partition table index apparatus according to an exemplary fourth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 3, the parallel creating openGauss partition table index device includes:
the partition table index data dictionary module is used for constructing data dictionary information required by the partition table index aiming at the partition table and the direct partition of the partition table; the module is used for checking various grammars and functions for indexing the module in advance, and is also mainly used for constructing data dictionary information required by indexing the partition table, such as a table metadata information cache, an object data dictionary, an index data dictionary and the like. After the module is successful, the partition table index module is continuously built from bottom to top.
The partition table index module is used for scanning all visible tuples in each partition and each sub-partition in a bottom-up sequence for each partition and each sub-partition to construct an index in parallel; this module takes a snapshot from the bottom-up sub-partition, partition and partition table, scans all visible tuples in this partition or sub-partition, and builds an index in parallel. After the module is successful, the bottom-up merging incremental data index module is continuously executed.
And the incremental data index module is used for merging and creating the index of the incremental data according to the bottom-up sequence for each partition and each sub-partition. The module takes a snapshot from the bottom-up sub-partition, partition and partition table, and merges and concurrently creates an index for the incremental data on the partition or sub-partition. After the module is successful, the partition table index is successfully established.
Preferably, the partition table index data dictionary module is specifically configured to: opening a first transaction; in the first transaction, circularly finding the partition table and a direct partition of the partition table; when checking and determining that the grammar and the function for establishing the index to the partition table and the direct partition of the partition table are not wrong, establishing data dictionary information required by the partition table index to the partition table and the direct partition of the partition table; and adding a session lock to commit the first transaction.
Preferably, the partition table index module is specifically configured to: waiting for all DML transactions on a partition or sub-partition to end using a shared lock; opening a second transaction; obtaining a snapshot, and scanning all visible tuples in the partition or the sub-partition to construct an index in parallel; and committing the second transaction.
Preferably, the incremental data index module is specifically configured to wait for all DML transactions on the partition or the sub-partition to end using a shared lock; opening a third transaction; obtaining a snapshot, merging and concurrently creating an index aiming at the incremental data on the partition or the sub-partition; and committing the third transaction.
According to the embodiment, the parallel creation of the partition table index is realized by modifying three stages of the existing common table parallel creation index method; similar to the first stage of the common table parallel index creating method, one transaction is used for submitting to construct the meta information of the index, so that the consistency of the meta information can be ensured; for each partition of the partition tree, a second stage and a third stage of the index method are created by performing the common table parallel from bottom to top in a recursion mode respectively; the method has the advantages that the former partition is built and available firstly, and the three stages of the common table parallel index creation method are modified, so that the parallel index creation of the openGauss partition table with large data quantity is realized, and the availability of the partition table and the index creation efficiency are improved.
Fig. 4 is a block diagram of a parallel create openGauss partition table index system according to an exemplary fourth embodiment of the present invention. The embodiments shown in fig. 1-3 can be used to explain the present embodiment. As shown in fig. 4, the parallel creating openGauss partition table index system includes:
the memory is used for caching data; the hardware is implemented with memory for reading data dictionary, data and index information from the hard disk into the memory and modifying in the memory.
The hard disk is used for storing the partition table and data dictionary information required by the partition table index constructed by the direct partition of the partition table; a hard disk for data index storage. The hardware is implemented with a hard disk to persist data dictionaries, data, and index information. The CPU is used for scanning all visible tuples in each partition and each sub-partition in a bottom-up sequence for each partition and each sub-partition to construct indexes in parallel; and merging, for each partition and sub-partition, the indexes that create the delta data in a bottom-up order.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions easily contemplated by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention should be included in the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the invention is subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (3)
1. A method for creating openGauss partition table indexes in parallel, comprising:
constructing data dictionary information required by partition table index aiming at a partition table and a direct partition of the partition table;
for each partition and sub-partition, scanning all visible tuples in each partition and sub-partition in a bottom-up order to construct an index in parallel;
for each partition and sub-partition, merging and creating an index of the incremental data according to the bottom-up sequence;
the step of constructing data dictionary information required for a partition table index for the partition table and a direct partition with the partition table includes:
opening a first transaction;
in the first transaction, circularly finding the partition table and a direct partition of the partition table;
when checking and determining that the grammar and the function for establishing the index to the partition table and the direct partition of the partition table are not wrong, establishing data dictionary information required by the partition table index to the partition table and the direct partition of the partition table;
adding a session lock to commit the first transaction;
the step of scanning all visible tuples in each partition and sub-partition to build an index in parallel includes:
waiting for all DML transactions on a partition or sub-partition to end using a shared lock;
opening a second transaction;
obtaining a snapshot, and scanning all visible tuples in the partition or the sub-partition to construct an index in parallel;
committing the second transaction;
the step of merging the indexes that create delta data includes:
waiting for all DML transactions on a partition or sub-partition to end using a shared lock;
opening a third transaction;
obtaining a snapshot, merging and concurrently creating an index aiming at the incremental data on the partition or the sub-partition;
and committing the third transaction.
2. The parallel creating openGauss partition table indexing method of claim 1, wherein the data dictionary information comprises a table metadata information cache, an object data dictionary, and an index data dictionary.
3. An apparatus for parallel creation of openGauss partition table index, comprising:
the partition table index data dictionary module is used for constructing data dictionary information required by the partition table index aiming at the partition table and the direct partition of the partition table;
the partition table index module is used for scanning all visible tuples in each partition and each sub-partition in a bottom-up sequence for each partition and each sub-partition to construct an index in parallel;
the incremental data index module is used for merging and creating an index of the incremental data according to the sequence from bottom to top for each partition and each sub-partition;
the partition table index data dictionary module is specifically configured to: opening a first transaction; in the first transaction, circularly finding the partition table and a direct partition of the partition table; when checking and determining that the grammar and the function for establishing the index to the partition table and the direct partition of the partition table are not wrong, establishing data dictionary information required by the partition table index to the partition table and the direct partition of the partition table; and adding a session lock to commit the first transaction;
the partition table index module is specifically configured to: waiting for all DML transactions on a partition or sub-partition to end using a shared lock; opening a second transaction; obtaining a snapshot, and scanning all visible tuples in the partition or the sub-partition to construct an index in parallel; submitting the second transaction;
the incremental data index module is specifically configured to wait for all DML transactions on the partition or the sub-partition to end using the shared lock; opening a third transaction; obtaining a snapshot, merging and concurrently creating an index aiming at the incremental data on the partition or the sub-partition; and committing the third transaction.
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| US9489411B2 (en) * | 2013-07-29 | 2016-11-08 | Sybase, Inc. | High performance index creation |
| US9959312B2 (en) * | 2013-09-05 | 2018-05-01 | Sybase, Inc. | High performance index creation on sorted data using parallel query plans |
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| US5960194A (en) * | 1995-09-11 | 1999-09-28 | International Business Machines Corporation | Method for generating a multi-tiered index for partitioned data |
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