CN112363107B - Mixed signal direction of arrival estimation method based on mutual mass array - Google Patents
Mixed signal direction of arrival estimation method based on mutual mass array Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S3/00—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received
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Abstract
The invention discloses a mixed signal direction of arrival estimation method based on a mutual matrix array, which utilizes the circularity and non-circularity of mixed signals, utilizes respective non-conjugated autocorrelation matrixes of received signals and conjugated signals thereof to calculate and combine, reconstructs a new signal model and can be applied to a mixed signal environment in which non-circulating signals and circulating signals exist simultaneously. Compared with the traditional method for processing the mutual mass array, the method can amplify the available virtual dimension to be twice as much as the original virtual dimension. The invention can distinguish non-cyclic signals, firstly estimate the direction of arrival of the non-cyclic signals, then estimate the power of the non-cyclic signals by using a signal power estimation technology, delete components corresponding to the non-cyclic signals from an autocorrelation matrix of the received signals, and then estimate the direction of arrival of the cyclic signals according to the remaining signal components. Compared with the traditional mutual quality array method, the method improves the degree of freedom, increases the number of the identified information sources, and improves the accuracy of the estimation of the direction of arrival.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of signal processing, in particular to a mixed signal direction of arrival estimation method based on a mutual mass array.
Background
The array signal processing technology is widely applied to the aspects of national defense and people living. Direction of arrival (DOA) estimation is an important problem in the field of array signal processing, and has many applications in radar, sonar, wireless communication, smart antennas, passive positioning, and the like. However, the conventional direction of arrival estimation method can only solve the situation that the number of targets is less than the number of array elements, so how to detect more targets with a small number of array elements becomes a new challenge. In recent years, a linear array with a novel geometric structure, i.e. a mutual mass array, is proposed, and the estimated DOA number can be far more than the array element number. Because the position distribution of the mutual matrix array elements is special, after mathematical operation treatment, a virtual array with larger aperture can be formed, and the estimated target number is far larger than that of a uniform linear array with the same number of physical array elements.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects and shortcomings of the prior art and provide a mixed signal direction of arrival estimation method based on a mutual mass array, which can distinguish non-cyclic signals from cyclic signal detection, further enhance the array performance and resolve more signal sources with fewer array elements.
The aim of the invention is achieved by the following technical scheme:
the mixed signal direction of arrival estimation method based on the mutual mass array comprises the following sequential steps:
collecting array element distribution information of a receiving end antenna mutual mass array, and roughly estimating the number of signal sources;
calculating a non-conjugated autocorrelation matrix of a received signal by utilizing the cyclic and non-cyclic characteristics of the transmitted signal, obtaining a high-order correlation matrix by multiplying the obtained matrix by the conjugated transpose of the matrix, adjusting the order of magnitude of the obtained high-order matrix, calculating the non-conjugated autocorrelation matrix of the conjugated signal of the received signal, combining the three matrices into a matrix, and reconstructing a virtual received vector signal;
processing the virtual received vector signal, estimating the direction of arrival of the non-cyclic signal, and estimating the corresponding signal power; and deleting components corresponding to the non-cyclic signals from the autocorrelation matrix of the received signals, reconstructing a virtual received vector signal from the autocorrelation matrix, and processing the virtual received vector signal to estimate the direction of arrival of the cyclic signals.
The array element distribution information of the intersubstance array refers to the spatial distribution information of the antenna array at the receiving end.
The number of the signal sources refers to the number of the circulating signals and the non-circulating signals in the received signals.
The order of magnitude of the resulting higher order matrix is adjusted by dividing the higher order matrix by a coefficient such that the resulting matrix remains the same order of magnitude as the original non-conjugated autocorrelation matrix.
The certain coefficients include taking the absolute value of the trace of the non-conjugate autocorrelation matrix of the received signal as a coefficient, or the mean of the matrix as a coefficient.
The reconstruction of the obtained autocorrelation matrix into a virtual received vector signal refers to mapping all elements in the autocorrelation matrix to the received signals of each array element in a virtual differential array and a virtual summation array according to the spatial distribution information of the inter-matrix array, sequencing array elements and difference values of the virtual array, merging repeated items taking the same value into one item, and taking the autocorrelation matrix element corresponding to the virtual sum difference value sequence with the largest continuous length as the received signal of the virtual array.
The estimation of the corresponding signal power refers to the calculation of the non-conjugate autocorrelation matrix of the received signal and the direction of arrival of the non-cyclic signal obtained by estimation, so as to obtain the signal power corresponding to the estimated direction.
The deletion of the component corresponding to the non-cyclic signal from the autocorrelation matrix of the received signal means that the component corresponding to the non-cyclic signal, that is, the product of the steering vector, the signal power, the conjugate transpose of the steering vector, and the three, is deleted from the autocorrelation matrix of the received signal.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. the invention uses the circularity and non-circularity of the mixed signal, uses the non-conjugated autocorrelation matrix of the received signal and its conjugated signal to calculate and combine, and reconstructs the new signal model. Compared with the traditional method for processing the mutual mass array, the method can amplify the available virtual dimension to be twice as much as the original virtual dimension. The invention can distinguish non-cyclic signals, firstly estimate the direction of arrival of the non-cyclic signals, then estimate the power of the non-cyclic signals by using a signal power estimation technology, delete components corresponding to the non-cyclic signals from an autocorrelation matrix of the received signals, and then estimate the direction of arrival of the cyclic signals according to the remaining signal components.
2. The DOA estimation method provided by the invention is based on the circularity and non-circularity of the mixed signal, utilizes the information carried by the received signal and the conjugate thereof, can distinguish the non-circulating signal from the circulating signal, improves the degree of freedom, increases the number of the identified information sources, and estimates the number of the estimated targets to be far larger than that of the uniform linear array of the physical array elements with the same number. Compared with the traditional DOA estimation method adopting the mutual mass array, the DOA estimation method improves the DOA degree of freedom, increases the number of the identified information sources, and improves the accuracy of DOA estimation.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for estimating a direction of arrival of a mixed signal based on a mutual mass array according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples and drawings, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
A mixed signal direction of arrival estimation method based on a mutual mass array comprises the following steps:
the system server needs to collect array element distribution information of the antenna mutual mass array of the receiving end and approximate source number of estimated signals in advance;
the system server needs to calculate the unconjugated autocorrelation matrix of the received signal, multiply the conjugate transpose of itself by the obtained matrix to obtain a higher-order correlation matrix, adjust the order of magnitude of the obtained higher-order matrix;
the system server needs to calculate the unconjugated autocorrelation matrix of the conjugated signal of the received signal;
the system server needs to combine the three matrixes obtained by calculation into one matrix;
the system server needs to reconstruct the combining matrix into a virtual receiving vector signal;
the system server needs to process the virtual received vector signals and estimate the direction of arrival of the acyclic signal;
the system server needs to estimate the power value of the non-cyclic signal by utilizing the non-conjugated autocorrelation matrix of the received signal;
the system server needs to delete the components corresponding to the non-cyclic signals from the received signal autocorrelation matrix and reconstruct another virtual received vector signal;
the system server needs to process another virtual received vector signal to estimate the direction of arrival of the cyclic signal.
The technical scheme shows that the DOA estimation of the mixed signal is divided into the differential step detection of the two signals. In addition, simulation results show that the DOA estimation method can distinguish the non-cyclic signal from the cyclic signal, detect higher DOA number with the same array element number, reduce estimation error and have higher DOA angle estimation accuracy.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for estimating the direction of arrival of the mixed signal based on the mutual mass array specifically includes the following steps:
step S101, collecting the number m of array elements, the array element distribution information and the approximate estimated signal source number k of the receiving end antenna mutual mass array, wherein the number k of the non-cyclic signal sources is 1 The number of the circulating signal sources is k 2 ；
Step S102, sampling the mixed signals received by the antennas in the mutual quality array to obtain received signals. Wherein the non-cyclic signal in the transmitted signal is denoted s 1 The corresponding direction matrix is denoted as A 1 The cyclic signal in the transmitted signal is denoted s 2 The corresponding direction matrix is denoted as A 2 At the same time, n represents the noise of the signal transmission, and the received signal is x=a 1 s 1 +A 2 s 2 +n；
Step S103, calculating the unconjugated autocorrelation matrix of the received signal x in S102, i.e. R xx1 ＝E(xx T )；
Step S104, conjugate the received signal x in S102 to obtain x t ＝x * The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Calculating its non-conjugated autocorrelation matrix, i.e. R xx2 ＝E(x t x t T )；
Step S105, calculating R for the matrix obtained in step S103 xx3 ＝E(R xx1 R xx1 H ) And adjusts the order of magnitude thereof,
step S106, the autocorrelation matrix R xx1 、R xx2 、R xx3 Combining into a matrix and reconstructing into a virtual receiving vector, namely mapping all elements in the autocorrelation matrix to the receiving signals of each array element in the virtual differential array and the virtual summation array according to the space distribution information of the inter-matrix array, and aiming at the array elements of the virtual arraySorting the sum and difference values, combining the repeated items of the same value into one item (such as average value, but not limited to, and taking the autocorrelation matrix element corresponding to the virtual sum and difference value sequence with the largest continuous length as the receiving signal z of the virtual array 1 ；
Step S107, pair z 1 Performing space smoothing to obtain covariance matrix R 1 ；
Step S108, pair R 1 Spatial spectrum calculation using MUSIC algorithm, estimating DOA of non-cyclic signal is recorded as
Step S109, estimating the power of the non-cyclic signal, the power coefficient of the signal k is estimated asDirection vector->The estimated direction of arrival of the non-cyclic signal and the spatial distribution of the antenna array are determined together by S108;
step S110, calculating an autocorrelation matrix R of the received signal x in step S102 xx0 ＝E(xx H )；
Step S111, deleting the non-cyclic signal information,
step S112, the autocorrelation matrix R xx0 Reconstructing the virtual receiving vector, and obtaining a receiving signal z of the virtual differential array in the same S106 2 ；
Step S113, pair z 2 Performing space smoothing to obtain covariance matrix R 2 ；
Step S114, pair R 2 Spatial spectrum calculation using MUSIC algorithm, DOA of estimated cyclic signal is recorded as
The above examples are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above examples, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be made in the equivalent manner, and the embodiments are included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The mixed signal direction of arrival estimation method based on the mutual mass array is characterized by comprising the following sequential steps:
collecting array element distribution information of a receiving end antenna mutual quality array, and estimating the number of signal sources;
calculating a non-conjugated autocorrelation matrix of a received signal by utilizing the cyclic and non-cyclic characteristics of the transmitted signal, obtaining a high-order correlation matrix by multiplying the obtained matrix by the conjugated transpose of the matrix, adjusting the order of magnitude of the obtained high-order matrix, calculating the non-conjugated autocorrelation matrix of the conjugated signal of the received signal, combining the three matrices into a matrix, and reconstructing a virtual received vector signal;
processing the virtual received vector signal, estimating the direction of arrival of the non-cyclic signal, and estimating the corresponding signal power; deleting components corresponding to non-cyclic signals from an autocorrelation matrix of a received signal, reconstructing a virtual received vector signal from the autocorrelation matrix, and processing the virtual received vector signal to estimate the direction of arrival of the cyclic signal;
the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step S101, collecting the array element number m, array element distribution information and estimated signal source number k of the receiving end antenna mutual mass array, wherein the number of non-cyclic signal sources is k 1 The number of the circulating signal sources is k 2 ；
Step S102, sampling the mixed signals received by the antennas in the mutual quality array to obtain received signals; wherein the non-cyclic signal in the transmitted signal is denoted s 1 The corresponding direction matrix is denoted as A 1 The cyclic signal in the transmitted signal is denoted s 2 Corresponding toThe direction matrix of (a) is denoted as A 2 At the same time, n represents the noise of the signal transmission, and the received signal is x=a 1 s 1 +A 2 s 2 +n；
Step S103, calculating the non-conjugated autocorrelation matrix of the received signal x in step S102, i.e
R xx1 ＝E(xx T )；
Step S104, conjugate the received signal x in step S102 to obtain x t ＝x * The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Calculating its non-conjugated autocorrelation matrix, i.e. R xx2 ＝E(x t x t T )；
Step S105, calculating R for the matrix obtained in step S103 xx3 ＝E(R xx1 R xx1 H ) And adjusts the order of magnitude thereof,
step S106, the autocorrelation matrix R xx1 、R xx2 、R xx3 Combining into a matrix and reconstructing into a virtual receiving vector, namely mapping all elements in the autocorrelation matrix to the receiving signals of each array element in the virtual differential array and the virtual summation array according to the space distribution information of the inter-matrix array, sequencing the array elements and the difference values of the virtual array, combining repeated items taking the same value into one item, taking autocorrelation matrix elements corresponding to the virtual and difference value sequence with the largest continuous length as the receiving signals z of the virtual array 1 ；
Step S107, receiving signal z of virtual array 1 Performing space smoothing to obtain covariance matrix R 1 ；
Step S108, for covariance matrix R 1 Spatial spectrum calculation using MUSIC algorithm, estimating DOA of non-cyclic signal is recorded as
Step S109, estimating the power of the acyclic signal, signal kThe power coefficient is estimated asDirection vectorDetermining the direction of arrival of the non-cyclic signal estimated in step S108 and the spatial distribution of the antenna array;
step S110, calculating the autocorrelation matrix R of the received signal x in step S102 xx0 ＝E(xx H )；
Step S111, deleting the non-cyclic signal information,
step S112, the autocorrelation matrix R xx0 Reconstructing the virtual reception vector, and obtaining a reception signal z of the virtual differential array in step S106 2 ；
Step S113, receiving signal z of virtual differential array 2 Performing space smoothing to obtain covariance matrix R 2 ；
Step S114, for covariance matrix R 2 Spatial spectrum calculation using MUSIC algorithm, DOA of estimated cyclic signal is recorded as
2. The method for estimating a direction of arrival of a mixed signal based on a mutual matrix array according to claim 1, wherein the array element distribution information of the mutual matrix array refers to spatial distribution information of a receiving end antenna array.
3. The method for estimating the direction of arrival of a mixed signal based on a mutual matrix according to claim 1, wherein the number of signal sources is the number of cyclic signals and non-cyclic signals in the received signal.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the adjusting the order of magnitude of the resulting higher-order matrix is dividing the higher-order matrix by a factor such that the resulting matrix is maintained on the same order as the original unconjugated autocorrelation matrix.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the determining the coefficients includes taking as coefficients absolute values of traces of a non-conjugate autocorrelation matrix of the received signal or average values of the matrix.
6. The method for estimating the direction of arrival of a mixed signal based on a mutual matrix according to claim 1, wherein the reconstructing the obtained autocorrelation matrix into a virtual received vector signal means mapping all elements in the autocorrelation matrix to the received signals of each element in the virtual differential array and the virtual summation array according to the spatial distribution information of the mutual matrix, sorting the elements and the difference values of the virtual array, merging repeated items of the same value into one item, and taking the autocorrelation matrix element corresponding to the virtual and difference value sequence with the largest continuous length as the received signal of the virtual array.
7. The method for estimating the direction of arrival of mixed signals based on a mutual matrix according to claim 1, wherein said estimating the corresponding signal power means calculating the direction of arrival of the non-cyclic signals obtained by estimation by using a non-conjugate autocorrelation matrix of the received signals, so as to obtain the signal power corresponding to the estimated direction.
8. The method for estimating the direction of arrival of a mixed signal based on a mutual matrix according to claim 1, wherein the step of deleting the component corresponding to the non-cyclic signal from the autocorrelation matrix of the received signal means deleting the component corresponding to the non-cyclic signal, that is, the product of a steering vector, a signal power, a conjugate transpose of the steering vector, and the three.
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