CN112363105A - Long-time standby long-distance underwater strong sound pulse beacon system - Google Patents
Long-time standby long-distance underwater strong sound pulse beacon system Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S1/00—Beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals having a characteristic or characteristics capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters; Receivers co-operating therewith
- G01S1/72—Beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals having a characteristic or characteristics capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters; Receivers co-operating therewith using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S1/00—Beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals having a characteristic or characteristics capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters; Receivers co-operating therewith
- G01S1/72—Beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals having a characteristic or characteristics capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters; Receivers co-operating therewith using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- G01S1/76—Systems for determining direction or position line
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Abstract
The invention provides a long-time standby long-distance underwater strong-sound pulse beacon system which comprises an underwater long-time standby value updating system and an underwater plasma beacon transmitting system. The searching efficiency and probability are greatly improved, and the practicability of the underwater acoustic beacon system is enhanced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to an underwater acoustic positioning system, and particularly relates to a system which needs to work for a long time in a standby mode, has high requirements on sound source level, high electroacoustic conversion efficiency and wide working frequency band. And more particularly, to an underwater strong acoustic pulse beacon system with long-time standby underwater, high sound source level and wide working frequency band.
Background
A track recorder, namely a black box, is arranged on the airplane or the ship and is used for analyzing the accident reason of the airplane or the ship in time. However, if the airplane or the ship loses affairs at sea, the black box falls into the sea along with the wreckage of the airplane or the ship, which causes a problem of how to effectively search the black box in the sea. In addition, underwater vehicles such as torpedoes, mines, UUVs and the like can also generate the problem of how to track and seek track and position in the experimental or actual use process.
In order to quickly and effectively find a black box in seawater or carry out track tracking and positioning. In fact, it can be considered from the following two aspects.
Firstly, improve the ability of searching, use the more sensitive, search more accurate searching equipment of signal, use more scientific search location measurement method. For example, in order to quickly search the 'black box' acoustic beacon signal in the deep sea area, the towed acoustic beacon detector is wide in coverage and large in working water depth, so that a large-area sea area can be quickly searched, the black box searching efficiency is greatly improved, and the towed acoustic beacon detector is one of the main means adopted at present. In addition, an improved towed sonar searching system is developed by adopting a transducer of a multi-element circular array, and a rapid searching three-step strategy of advancing from far to near step by step is provided, so that the searching work can be more scientific and reasonable.
And secondly, starting from a black box, namely the underwater sound beacon, the underwater sound beacon with more prominent service performance is considered. Currently, flight or navigation recorders, i.e. "black boxes", are equipped with acoustic beacons which, when they are immersed in water, are activated automatically, i.e. they start to emit a specific acoustic signal (an acoustic pulse signal with a periodic emission frequency of 37.5kHz) which can be found by a receiver using the corresponding frequency band.
At present, an underwater positioning beacon device mainly comprises an acoustic transducer, a signal processing circuit board, a battery and a watertight cabin. The acoustic transducer mainly performs electro-acoustic signal conversion. The signal processing board is used for processing the received acoustic signals. The battery is the energy source for maintaining the normal work of the underwater positioning beacon device circuit. The watertight compartment provides a watertight space for the whole device, and can bear the action of water pressure. The underwater working time of the acoustic beacon is only about 30 days generally, and the requirement that the rapid searching and positioning of the acoustic beacon must be completed in a short time is required. In addition, the sound source level of the sound beacon is low, the emission frequency is high, the sound energy is attenuated quickly in water, and the action distance of a general receiver is about 2 km.
Patent document CN105607032A proposes an underwater acoustic beacon system, which uses a single chip module to generate signals with required frequency, pulse width and period by an internal timer, and the signals pass through a power amplification module and an impedance matching circuit of a transducer to drive the transducer to emit acoustic signals. However, the conventional transducer is adopted, the sound source level is low, the emission frequency is high, the sound energy is attenuated quickly in water, the propagation distance in water is limited, the effective action distance is 2km, and the requirements of finding a target and quickly positioning in limited time cannot be met. Patent document CN210803705U proposes an active and passive underwater acoustic position-indicating beacon system, which uses a transceiver-integrated transducer to implement the information interaction capability of an underwater acoustic beacon, and thus, the design of the system is to provide the capability of receiving and transmitting acoustic signals at the same time. But also avoids the problem of low sound source level associated with the use of conventional transducers to achieve the conversion of the electrical acoustic signal. Patent document ZL201410136972.3 proposes an underwater vehicle tracking beacon system based on plasma pulse signals, and the invention adopts a plasma sound source as a beacon sound source, and utilizes the advantages of high emitted sound power, narrow pulse width, high resolution and the like of an underwater plasma strong sound source, thereby improving the action distance and having higher positioning accuracy. But the underwater working time is short, and the working requirement of more than 30 days of an actual acoustic beacon is not met.
In order to find the underwater sound beacon as soon as possible in a limited time, it is feasible to increase the detection distance of the water surface searching device to the underwater sound beacon signal, that is, to increase the receiving sensitivity of the searching device. In addition, it is also necessary to consider using an underwater acoustic beacon with a stronger sound source level. In order to increase the underwater operation time of the underwater sound beacon, it is also necessary to use the underwater sound beacon which operates under water for a longer time.
With the continuous development of underwater plasma strong sound technology and the practical application of the technology in various industries, such as in-vitro stone breaking, oil well blockage removal, sewage treatment, pipeline descaling underwater target detection and the like. Therefore, the underwater plasma strong sound technology has wide application range. In view of the fact that underwater plasma strong sound sources have excellent sound source level, electroacoustic conversion efficiency and wider spectral range (including 37.5kHz), underwater plasma strong sound technology is taken as a technical basis for underwater sound beacon application.
The underwater plasma strong sound source applies the principle of 'liquid electricity effect', thereby generating the effect of underwater strong sound pulse. The 'hydro-electric effect' is a series of physical and chemical reactions generated when a high-power pulse power supply performs high-voltage and high-current pulse discharge on a water medium load in an electrode gap, so that various effects are generated, and one of the effects is that a high-power strong sound pulse is generated.
The underwater plasma pulse sound source has the characteristics of high transmitting power (the sound source level can reach more than 220dB), narrow pulse and high sound source level. In the case of long range object detection, a single pass of 25km of range has also been achieved. Thus, the underwater plasma pulsed acoustic source can greatly increase the distance over which the acoustic beacon is detected. However, the underwater plasma pulse sound source belongs to a device with larger power, so the underwater continuous working time is also limited, which causes the defect that the underwater continuous working time is not long enough.
Therefore, the invention provides a working mechanism of underwater dormancy. The underwater sound beacon is kept in a dormant state after entering water, and enters a working state after being awakened by searching high-power sound signal transmitting equipment on a ship to start transmitting a strong sound pulse beacon signal so as to realize long-distance target tracking. Because the volume and the power consumption of the device are limited and small, the power of the sound generating device on the searching ship can be greatly increased, and the propagation distance of the sound signal is increased. At the moment, the large-power sound generating equipment on the searching ship sends the wake-up signal to the underwater sound beacon, then the underwater sound beacon receives the wake-up signal through the receiving transducer, and the receiving transducer of the underwater sound beacon sends the plasma pulse sound signal with high sound source level through the underwater plasma pulse sound source after receiving the wake-up signal in a long distance, so that the action range of the underwater sound beacon is enlarged, and meanwhile, the requirement of underwater long-term standby is met.
However, due to the equipment limitation of the current underwater sound transducer, the maximum emission sound source level of the underwater sound transducer does not exceed 190 dB. The problem that the sound source level (related to the acting distance of equipment) of the wake-up signal transmitted by the water surface searching ship and the tracing positioning strong sound pulse sound source level (>220dB) transmitted by the long-time standby long-distance underwater strong sound pulse beacon system are not matched occurs, so that the defect of redundant capacity of the long-time standby long-distance underwater strong sound pulse beacon system is caused, meanwhile, the working distance of the long-time standby long-distance underwater strong sound pulse beacon system is indirectly shortened, and the technical advantage brought by reasonably utilizing the combination of the underwater long-time standby value updating system and the underwater plasma beacon transmitting system is not achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of short signal action distance and short independent underwater working time caused by small sound source level of the existing underwater sound beacon, the invention provides a novel underwater sound beacon solution, which realizes the function of long-time underwater standby work by using a dormancy passive awakening technology; the underwater plasma electro-acoustic conversion principle is utilized to generate a strong acoustic pulse beacon signal, so that the acting distance of the underwater acoustic beacon is greatly increased. In addition, the acting distance of the long-term standby long-distance underwater strong-sound pulse beacon system is increased to the maximum extent by using two methods of completely different types of wake-up signals simultaneously, convenience is brought to searching, and the searching efficiency is increased.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the long-time standby long-distance underwater strong sound pulse beacon system is characterized in that: the method comprises an underwater long-time standby value updating system and an underwater plasma beacon transmitting system;
the underwater long-term standby value receiving system receives and detects a wake-up signal sent by the searching equipment, enables the underwater strong sound pulse beacon system to be in a working mode of sounding and indicating positions according to the wake-up signal, and enables the underwater strong sound pulse beacon system to be in a standby dormant mode when the wake-up signal is not received; therefore, the underwater long-term standby value is more systematic, so that the underwater working time of the underwater acoustic beacon is greatly prolonged;
the underwater plasma beacon transmitting system completes the transmission of plasma pulse acoustic signals, and the transmitting sound source level is high (>220dB), so that the propagation distance of the underwater plasma beacon signals is increased;
the underwater long-term standby value updating system and the underwater plasma beacon transmitting system are structurally in watertight connection in a mode that cabin sections of the underwater long-term standby value updating system and the underwater plasma beacon transmitting system are fixedly butted to form an integrated system, and are connected through a serial data bus and/or a digital I/O line inside the cabin sections to carry out internal communication, so that the underwater long-term standby value updating system is used for carrying out power-on control on the underwater plasma beacon transmitting system and transmitting a work enabling signal.
Further, the underwater long-term standby value changing system comprises an underwater detection electrode, a receiving transducer and a value changing section;
the water inlet detection electrode penetrates through an insulating end cover on the outer side of the value changing section in a metal screw screwing and locking mode and extends into the value changing section, so that the output of the water inlet detection electrode is led into the value changing section through the metal screw;
the receiving transducer is connected with the value changing section through an insulating end cover (namely an end cover on one side of the whole watertight cabin body and processed by using insulating materials) on the outer side of the value changing section by using a watertight connector and a watertight cable, so that the output of the receiving transducer is led into the value changing section through the watertight cable;
the end covers through which the receiving transducer and the water inlet detection electrode penetrate are insulating end covers on the outer sides of the cabin-changing sections, and the receiving transducer and the water inlet detection electrode are both positioned outside the cabin-changing sections;
the value changing section comprises a value changing cabin body and an underwater long-time standby value changing cabin system; the value changing cabin body provides a stable and independent working environment for the underwater long-term standby value changing system; the underwater long-term standby value changing in-cabin system is arranged inside the value changing cabin body, and the system function of the underwater long-term standby value changing system is realized together with the receiving transducer and the water inlet detection electrode, so that the signal receiving and processing of the underwater long-term standby value changing system are completed;
the underwater long-time standby value changing cabin system comprises a water inlet detection unit, a value changing power supply unit, a signal conditioning unit and a signal processing unit; the water inlet detection unit receives a water inlet detection signal transmitted by the water inlet detection electrode from the outside of the cabin, judges whether the system enters water or not and further controls whether the power supply unit supplies power or not; the value replacing power supply unit supplies power to other units of the whole value replacing system and is controlled by the water inlet detection unit; the output signal of the receiving transducer is input to a signal conditioning unit, the signal conditioning unit amplifies and filters the signal and then sends the signal to a signal processing unit, the signal processing unit analyzes and judges the signal, and if the signal is judged to be received, parameters of an underwater plasma beacon transmitting system are set through a serial communication bus (RS-232 or RS-485 and the like) to carry out work in different modes.
Further, the water inlet detection unit comprises an amplifier and a comparator; the signal of the water inlet detection electrode is amplified to a level which can be judged by the comparator through the amplifier, and then the comparator judges the amplified signal, judges whether the system enters water or not, and controls whether the power supply unit supplies power or not; the value-more power supply unit is powered by a storage battery, and a plurality of batteries generate voltage and current meeting the system requirements in a series-parallel combination mode; under the control of the water inlet detection unit, the value comparison power supply unit supplies power to other units of the system in the value comparison cabin through the voltage conversion chip; the signal conditioning unit comprises a band-pass filter and a signal amplifier; after being processed by a band-pass filter, the signals of the receiving transducer are transmitted to a signal amplifier for signal amplification processing, so that the signals are transmitted to a signal processing unit; the signal processing unit comprises a data acquisition unit and a data processing unit; the data acquisition unit performs AD conversion on the signals transmitted by the signal conditioning unit to convert the signals into digital signals and buffers the digital signals; the data processing unit analyzes and processes the data, judges whether a corresponding wake-up signal is received or not, controls an enabling end of a power supply unit of the underwater plasma beacon transmitting system through the digital I/O port, and controls working parameters of the underwater plasma beacon transmitting system through the serial data bus.
Further, the underwater plasma beacon transmitting system comprises a charging cabin section, an energy storage cabin section and a plasma discharging electrode; the charging cabin section and the energy storage cabin section are separated by a metal partition plate and fastened by a watertight structure locked by screws;
the plasma discharge electrode penetrates through an end cover on the outer side of the energy storage cabin section (also the end cover on the other side of the whole watertight cabin body) in a screw screwing and locking mode, is tightly connected with a high-voltage output interface of the energy storage cabin section in a spring copper sleeve connection mode, and outputs high voltage to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the plasma discharge electrode; the discharge part of the plasma discharge electrode is positioned in the water outside the energy storage cabin section, the plasma discharge electrode obtains high voltage from the energy storage cabin section, and the final underwater plasma electro-acoustic conversion process is completed at the discharge tip of the plasma discharge electrode, namely the generation point of the 'liquid-electric effect', so that strong sound pulses are generated and radiated out in all directions through a water medium;
the charging cabin section comprises a charging cabin body, the energy storage cabin section comprises an energy storage cabin body, and the charging cabin body and the energy storage cabin body provide a stable and independent working environment for the underwater plasma beacon transmitting system; the underwater plasma beacon transmitting system exists in the charging cabin body and the energy storage cabin body, and realizes the function of the underwater plasma beacon transmitting system together with the plasma discharge electrode;
the underwater plasma beacon transmitting cabin system comprises a transmitting power supply unit, a control unit, a high-voltage generating unit, an energy storage unit and a triggering unit;
the transmitting power supply unit, the control unit and the high voltage generation unit are positioned in the charging cabin body, and the energy storage unit and the trigger unit are positioned in the energy storage cabin body; the transmitting power supply unit supplies power to the control unit and the high-voltage generation unit after performing voltage conversion through the voltage conversion chip under the control of digital I/O enabling of the underwater long-term standby value updating system; the control unit receives different working mode parameters sent by the underwater long-term standby value updating system through the serial communication bus, generates a control signal of the transmitting power supply unit, and controls the output voltage of the transmitting power supply unit, so that the power supply voltage of the high-voltage generating unit is controlled to control the charging rate, and further the discharging period is controlled; the energy storage unit is connected with the high-voltage generation unit for storing electric energy; the triggering unit and the energy storage unit are connected with the plasma discharge electrode outside the cabin and are positioned in the same loop to form a discharge loop so as to complete the formation of a high-voltage loop to discharge the plasma discharge electrode and form a liquid-electricity effect, thereby generating a pulse sound signal.
Furthermore, the transmitting power supply unit is powered by a storage battery, a plurality of batteries are combined in a series-parallel mode to meet the voltage and current requirements of the system, and the high-voltage generation unit and the control unit are powered by the voltage conversion chip under the enabling control of the underwater long-term standby value more system digital I/O; the control unit controls the output voltage of the voltage conversion chip, so as to control the working voltage of the high-voltage generation unit and further control the discharge frequency of the high-voltage pulse; the high-voltage generating unit generates high-frequency oscillation pulses under the control of the control unit, the high-frequency oscillation pulses are boosted to a preset voltage value through a pulse transformer, and high-voltage direct current is obtained after pulse rectification, so that high voltage is generated to charge the energy storage unit; the energy storage unit consists of an energy storage capacitor, the energy storage capacitor is fixed in the energy storage cabin body through a capacitor fixing frame in a screw fastening mode, the negative electrode of the energy storage capacitor group is connected with the capacitor fixing frame and is grounded, and the positive electrode plate is connected with a positive cable at the output end of the high voltage generation unit and is fastened with the high voltage electrode of the trigger unit; the trigger unit consists of a trigger switch, and the trigger switch adopts a bipolar plate air trigger switch (a field distortion spark gap switch, which is a self-triggering mode); the high-voltage electrode of the trigger switch is fastened with the positive electrode of the energy storage capacitor, and the low-voltage electrode of the trigger switch is fastened with the connecting part of the discharge electrode core.
Further, the three cabin sections of the charging cabin section, the energy storage cabin section and the value changing cabin section form a watertight cabin structure of the underwater sound beacon; one end of the charging cabin section is an energy storage cabin section, and the other end of the charging cabin section is a value changing cabin section; the underwater long-time standby value changing system comprises a value changing section, and the underwater plasma beacon transmitting system comprises two sections, namely a charging section and an energy storage section; the three cabins are separated by metal clapboards and fastened by a watertight structure, so that an integrated watertight cabin structure is formed; the watertight cabin of the underwater sound beacon is used for isolating external seawater and providing a stable working environment for each system in the underwater strong sound pulse beacon system. The watertight cabin, the receiving transducer, the plasma discharge electrode and the water-entering detection electrode are tightly connected to form a completely watertight structure body.
Furthermore, the underwater wake-up signal of the underwater strong acoustic pulse beacon system has two modes. In the first mode, a ship-borne plasma strong sound source with the same specification (same underwater strong sound pulse beacon system strong sound pulse emission intensity) is used for emitting strong sound pulses with equal time intervals, and after a long-time standby long-distance underwater strong sound pulse beacon system receives the strong sound pulses sent by the water surface with equal time intervals, the system is awakened to complete signal transmission with symmetrical intensity. Therefore, the problem that the transmission distance of the sound signal of the long-time standby long-distance underwater strong sound pulse beacon system is not matched due to the fact that the sound source level of the water surface transmitting transducer is not enough is solved, and the discovered distance of the long-time standby long-distance underwater strong sound pulse beacon system is indirectly increased; in the second mode, a ship-borne common water acoustic emission transducer is used for emitting signals with a certain composition format, such as: common underwater acoustic communication signals such as single frequency pulse signals (CW), chirp signals (LFM), hyperbolic frequency modulation signals (HFM), pseudo random signals (PR), and the like. The method comprises the following steps of finishing more precise control over a long-time standby long-distance underwater strong acoustic pulse beacon system, wherein the control comprises the control over the working period and the sleep period of the long-time standby long-distance underwater strong acoustic pulse beacon system, namely finishing the coding control over the long-time standby long-distance underwater strong acoustic pulse beacon system; the use of two modes makes different strong sound pulse signals from the underwater strong sound pulse beacon system response obtained at different stages of searching the underwater strong sound pulse beacon system, so as to greatly increase the searching efficiency of the beacon.
Advantageous effects
The invention solves the problem of short propagation distance of beacon sound signals caused by short underwater working time and low sound source level in the existing underwater sound beacon by using an underwater long-time standby value updating system and an underwater plasma beacon transmitting system. An underwater acoustic beacon system with more excellent performance is realized.
The invention adopts an underwater plasma pulse sound source as a beacon sound source. Because the pulse sound wave generated by the underwater plasma pulse sound source has the characteristics of narrow pulse (us-ms magnitude), wide frequency band (especially <10kHz, high energy density) and high source level (more than 220dB), the propagation distance is long (up to several 10km), and the repetition frequency can also reach several Hz levels, so the underwater acoustic beacon system is suitable for being used for a remote underwater acoustic beacon system.
The invention adopts the underwater plasma pulse as the beacon, and can use various search frequencies to carry out tracking positioning (not only can use the frequency of 37.5kHz to carry out beacon positioning) due to the wide range of the pulse frequency band, thereby increasing the method of beacon directional positioning and improving the tracking speed and positioning accuracy.
The receiving transducer receives different wake-up signals, so that more flexible and changeable beacon working modes are completed. The beacon is in a more standby state when entering water, and strong acoustic pulse emission (long-distance low-frequency pulse emission and short-distance high-frequency pulse emission) with different periods is carried out according to different wake-up signals so as to realize good and fast beacon tracking.
The charging cabin, the energy storage cabin and the value changing cabin adopt sectional structures, have good expansibility and are convenient to assemble, use and maintain. The capsule bodies are isolated by metal clapboards, and the electromagnetic compatibility is good.
The discharge electrode interface adopts a spring copper sleeve connection mode to enable the discharge electrode to be tightly connected with the energy storage cabin, so that the electric conductivity under the conditions of high voltage and large current is ensured, and the discharge electrode is more convenient to disassemble and replace.
The invention has the advantages of small volume, high system integration level, convenient carrying and strong practicability, and has the capability of completing the functions of 'black box' equipment such as airplanes, ships, underwater vehicles and the like.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an underwater acoustic beacon system;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an underwater acoustic beacon system;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the system operation of the underwater long-term standby value updating;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the operation of an underwater plasma sound source system;
FIG. 5 is a logic function diagram of an underwater acoustic beacon system;
fig. 6 is a diagram of an example of an application of the underwater acoustic beacon system.
In the figure:
1-an underwater receiving transducer; 2-water entry detection electrode (metal screw); 3-a signal conditioning circuit board; 4-a signal processing circuit board; 5, replacing a system power supply battery with an underwater long-term standby value; 6-a power supply battery of the underwater plasma beacon transmitting system; 7-control unit circuit board; 8-a high voltage generation module; 9-a ground line; 10-an energy storage capacitor; 11-trigger switch; 12-a plasma discharge electrode core; 13-plasma discharge electrode insulating layer; 14-a plasma discharge electrode; 15-locking the metal base by the discharge electrode screw; 16-spring copper sleeve; 17-watertight compartment (metal housing); 18-a first metal separator plate; 19-a second metal separator plate; 20-watertight compartment high strength insulation end cover; 21-watertight connector; 22-value change section; 23-a charging bay section; 24-energy storage cabin section.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention is intended to be illustrative, and not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Aiming at the defects of the existing underwater acoustic beacon, the embodiment provides a long-time standby long-distance underwater strong acoustic pulse beacon system, and the long-time working and long-distance beacon signal propagation capabilities of the underwater acoustic beacon are realized in a mode that an underwater long-time standby value updating system and an underwater plasma beacon transmitting system work in a matched mode. Therefore, the searching efficiency and probability are greatly improved, and the practicability of the underwater acoustic beacon system is enhanced.
The long-time standby long-distance underwater strong acoustic pulse beacon system provided by the embodiment is shown in a block diagram of fig. 2 and comprises an underwater long-time standby value updating system and an underwater plasma beacon transmitting system.
The underwater long-term standby value is used for receiving and detecting the awakening signal sent by the searching equipment, so that the underwater strong-sound pulse beacon system is in a working mode of sounding and indicating positions. And when the wake-up signal is not received, the underwater strong acoustic pulse beacon system is in a standby dormant mode. Therefore, the underwater long-time standby value is more systematic, and the underwater working time of the underwater strong-sound pulse beacon system is greatly prolonged. The underwater plasma beacon transmitting system completes the transmission of plasma pulse acoustic signals, and the transmitting sound source level is high (>220dB), so that the signal propagation distance of the underwater strong acoustic pulse beacon system is increased. The underwater long-term standby value updating system and the underwater plasma beacon transmitting system are structurally in watertight connection in a mode that cabin sections of the underwater long-term standby value updating system and the underwater plasma beacon transmitting system are fixedly butted to form an integrated system, the cabin sections are connected through a serial data bus, internal communication is carried out in a serial communication mode, and the process that the underwater long-term standby value updating system sends work enabling signals to the underwater plasma beacon transmitting system is completed.
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of an underwater acoustic beacon system, in conjunction with fig. 2. The underwater plasma beacon transmitting system and the underwater long-time standby value changing system use a serial communication mode to carry out communication inside the two systems. The serial communication line used for serial communication passes through the second metal isolation plate 19, so that the underwater long-time standby value updating system has the capability of sending corresponding enabling signals for the underwater plasma beacon transmitting system. In addition, the two systems are connected in the cabin section through a digital I/O line, and the line passes through the second metal isolation plate 19, so that the electrification control of the underwater plasma beacon transmitting system by the underwater long-term standby value changing system is completed.
The underwater long-time standby value changing system comprises a water detection electrode 2, a receiving transducer 1 and a value changing section 22.
The water inlet detection electrode 2 is screwed and locked by using metal screws and is led into the water inlet section 22 through an end cover 20 (namely an end cover at one side of the whole watertight compartment 17 and processed by using an insulating high-strength material) at the outer side of the water inlet section 22, so that the output of the water inlet detection electrode 2 is led into the water inlet section 22 through the metal screws. The insulating end cover outside the cabin section is a watertight cabin high-strength insulating end cover 20 so as to facilitate the insulating fixation of the water inlet detection electrode 2 on the end cover. When the underwater sound beacon enters water, the two water-entering detection metal screws are in short circuit through seawater, and water-entering detection signals are transmitted into the interior of the cabin-changing section through the metal screws, so that the underwater long-term standby value changing system has a water-entering detection function.
The receiving transducer 1 is connected to the cabin section 22 through the end cap 20 (i.e. the end cap on one side of the whole watertight cabin body, which is made of insulating high-strength material) outside the cabin section 22 by using the watertight connector 21 and the watertight cable, so that the output of the receiving transducer 1 is led into the cabin section 22 through the watertight connector 21 and the watertight cable penetrating through the watertight cabin high-strength insulating end cap 20. The receiving transducer 1 has the function of receiving underwater sound waves, the process of converting underwater sound signals into electric signals is completed, and the receiving transducer 1 selects a deep water transducer so as to have the working capacity of a deep water area (which can be as deep as 7000 m). This completes the process of inputting the externally received acoustic signal to the watertight compartment 17 through the watertight connector 21.
The end covers through which the receiving transducer 1 and the water inlet detection electrode 2 pass are insulating end covers 20 outside the numerical control cabin, and both the insulating end covers are outside the numerical control cabin 22.
The value changing section 22 includes a value changing cabin body and an underwater long-time standby value changing cabin system. The value changing cabin body provides a stable and independent working environment for the underwater long-time standby value changing system. The underwater long-term standby value changing system exists in the value changing cabin body, the system function of the underwater long-term standby value changing system is achieved together with the receiving transducer 1 and the water inlet detection electrode 2, and signal receiving and processing of the underwater long-term standby value changing system are completed.
The underwater long-time standby value changing cabin system comprises a water detection unit, a value changing power supply unit, a signal conditioning unit and a signal processing unit. The water inlet detection unit, the value changing power supply unit, the signal conditioning unit and the signal processing unit are all positioned in the value changing cabin section 22. Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the system operation of the underwater long-term standby value updating system. The water inlet detection electrode 2 inputs a real-time electrode short-circuit signal into a water inlet detection unit in the value changing section 22, the water inlet detection unit receives a water inlet detection signal transmitted by the water inlet detection electrode 2 from the outside of the cabin, judges whether the system enters water or not, and then controls whether the value changing power supply unit supplies power or not. The value change power supply unit supplies power to all units in the whole value change cabin and is controlled by the water inlet detection unit. The receiving transducer 1 converts the received underwater acoustic signals into electric signals through acoustic-electric conversion, the electric signals are input into the value changing section 22 through the end cover 20 of the value changing section 22 through the watertight cable via the watertight connector 21, and the watertight cable is directly connected with the signal processing unit circuit board 4, so that the received transducer signals are input into the underwater long-term standby value changing system. The signal conditioning unit receives the input signal of the receiving transducer 1 outside the watertight cabin section 22, and the input signal is transmitted to the signal processing unit through amplification and filtering processing. The signal processing unit analyzes and judges the signals, and if the signal processing unit judges that the awakening signal is received, parameters of the underwater plasma beacon transmitting system are set through a serial communication bus (RS-232 or RS-485 and the like) to work in different modes. The water inlet detection unit receives a water inlet detection signal transmitted by the water inlet detection electrode 2 from the outside of the cabin, judges whether the system enters water or not, and further controls whether the power supply unit supplies power or not.
The water inlet detection unit is arranged on the signal processing unit circuit board 4, and the water inlet detection electrode 2 is directly connected with the signal processing unit circuit board 4 through a data line, so that a water inlet detection signal is sent to the water inlet detection unit. The water inlet detection unit comprises an amplifier and a comparator. The signal of the water inlet detection electrode 2 is amplified to the level which can be judged by the comparator through the amplifier, and then the comparator judges the amplified signal to judge whether the system enters water or not.
The value updating power supply unit comprises a group of storage batteries 5 and a voltage conversion chip circuit, and the storage batteries 5 and the voltage conversion chip and the auxiliary circuit on the processing unit circuit board 4 jointly form the value updating power supply unit. The power-on enabling end of the water inlet detection unit is connected to the value updating power supply unit. Under the control of the water inlet detection unit, the value changing power supply unit supplies power to other units in the value changing section 22 through the voltage conversion chip. The output of the power supply unit is connected to the power supply end of the signal conditioning unit of the signal filtering, amplifying and conditioning circuit board 3 and the power supply end of the signal processing unit on the signal processing unit circuit board 4. Generally, batteries have limited energy storage and as the internal resistance of the battery increases during discharge, the on-load capacity decreases. Therefore, the voltage and current requirements of the system are met by combining a plurality of batteries in series and parallel, and the voltage conversion chip is used for voltage conversion and voltage stabilization and then supplies power to the rear stage of the value-more power supply unit. The combination of 4 series-2 parallel batteries realizes 6-7.5V power supply, and ensures that the underwater working time of the underwater acoustic beacon exceeds 90 days.
The signal conditioning unit is arranged on the signal conditioning circuit board 3, the output of the power supply unit is connected to the signal conditioning circuit board 3, the input end of the power supply unit is connected with the receiving transducer 1 through a watertight cable, and the output end of the power supply unit is connected with the signal processing unit circuit board 4 through a signal wire. The signal conditioning unit receives the input signal of the receiving transducer outside the watertight cabin 17, the input signal is amplified and filtered by the filter and the signal amplifier, then the analog-to-digital conversion is carried out by the ADC, and then the input signal is sent to the signal processing unit. The signal processing unit analyzes and judges the signals. And if the wakeup signal is judged to be received, setting parameters of the underwater plasma beacon transmitting system through a serial communication bus (RS-232 or RS-485 and the like) to carry out work in different modes. The signal conditioning unit comprises a filter and a signal amplifier. The amplifier and the receiving sensor are subjected to impedance matching, and the received signal is amplified to the requirement of sampling voltage, and meanwhile, out-of-band noise is filtered, so that high out-of-band attenuation is ensured; and has larger gain adjustable range, higher channel consistency and working stability.
The signal processing unit is arranged on the signal processing unit circuit board 4, the power supply unit is connected to the power supply end of the signal processing unit on the signal processing unit circuit board 4, the output end of the signal conditioning circuit board 3 is connected to the signal input end of the signal processing unit on the signal processing unit circuit board 4, and the other end of the signal conditioning circuit board passes through the second metal isolation board 19 through a serial communication interface (RS-232 or RS-485 and the like) data line and an I/0 enabling control data line to be connected with the control unit circuit board 7. The signal processing unit uses a low-power consumption MCU chip with DSP capability, such as an MSP430F54xx series low-power consumption chip (the chip itself has extremely low power consumption, and is in mW level) to reduce unnecessary energy consumption as much as possible. The MCU minimum system circuit (including ADC module), TTL-232 level conversion chip and accessory circuit, voltage conversion chip and accessory circuit are integrated on the signal processing unit circuit board 4. The signal processing unit completes the following functions: 1) detecting different wake-up signals, realizing communication with the plasma pulse sound source system by using an RS-232 interface and a level protocol specification, and sending different types of wake-up signals to the plasma pulse sound source system; 2) and the power-on control of the power supply unit of the plasma pulse sound source system is completed through the digital I/0. The signal processing unit comprises a data acquisition unit and a data processing unit. And performing A/D (analog-to-digital) conversion on the signals transmitted by the signal conditioning unit by using the ADC module, converting the signals into digital signals and caching the digital signals to the MCU chip, and then analyzing and processing the data in the cache region by the MCU chip of the data processing unit. Therefore, different charging modes and working parameters are set according to different receiving signals, and the working mode of the system is sent to the plasma pulse sound source system through a serial communication interface (RS-232 or RS-485 and the like).
The underwater plasma beacon transmitting system comprises a charging cabin section 23, an energy storage cabin section 24 and a plasma discharge electrode 14. The charging cabin section 23 and the energy storage cabin section 24 are separated by a first metal isolation plate and fastened by a watertight structure locked by screws. The plasma discharge electrode 14 penetrates through an end cover (also the end cover at the other side of the whole watertight cabin body) at the outer side of the energy storage cabin section 24 in a screwing and locking mode, and a uniform watertight structure is guaranteed to be formed with the energy storage cabin section 24. Inside the energy storage cabin section 24, the plasma discharge electrode core 12 is inserted into the spring copper sleeve 16, the elastic characteristic of the spring copper sleeve 16 is used for ensuring that the plasma discharge electrode core is tightly connected with the electrode core 12, and high voltage is output to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the discharge electrode, so that good contact is ensured, and the plasma discharge electrode has good through-current capacity. Therefore, the high-voltage output interface of the energy storage cabin section 24 is output to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the discharge electrode 14 in a manner of being connected through the spring copper sleeve 16, wherein the screw-in and locking connection manner is a tightly fixed watertight structure. The discharge part of the plasma discharge electrode 14 is positioned outside the energy storage cabin section 24, the plasma discharge electrode 14 obtains high voltage from the energy storage cabin section 24, and the final underwater plasma electro-acoustic conversion process is completed at the discharge tip of the plasma discharge electrode, namely the generation point of the liquid-electric effect, so that strong acoustic pulses are generated and radiated to all directions through a water medium.
A plasma discharge electrode 14. The plasma discharge electrode 14 is composed of an innermost electrode core 12, a secondary outer layer glass fiber insulating material 13 and an outermost metal layer 15 for screw structure sealing abutting with a watertight cabin 17. This ensures the watertight connection between the discharge electrode and the metal watertight compartment 17, and prevents spontaneous leakage discharge between the electrode core 12 and the watertight compartment 17 due to a large voltage. It must be ensured that the discharge occurs at the "tip-to-tip" position of the discharge electrode 14 so that an artificially controlled plasma pulse discharge can be generated. In addition, the plasma discharge electrode core 12 is inserted into the spring copper sleeve 16 and is tightly connected with the high-voltage output interface of the energy storage cabin section, the elastic characteristic of the spring copper sleeve 16 is used for ensuring that the plasma discharge electrode core is tightly connected with the electrode core 12, the high-current cocurrent capability is ensured, and therefore high voltage is output to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the discharge electrode. Commonly used electrode types are both arc discharge and corona discharge. Since the device is designed with the sound source level target above 210dB, the 'sharp-pointed' type arc discharge electrode 14 capable of generating strong sound pulse effect is selected. The material is selected from materials with high strength, high discharge efficiency and corrosion resistance, such as copper-tungsten alloy. The plasma discharge electrode 14 is a generation component of a strong acoustic signal, namely a process for completing underwater plasma electro-acoustic conversion, and is also a key component of the whole underwater acoustic beacon. In operation, when the trigger switch 11 is turned on, the energy stored in the energy storage capacitor 10 is fully applied to the discharge gap of the discharge electrode 14 to form underwater plasma high-voltage discharge, so as to generate a huge pulse current, a strong shock wave pressure and an acoustic effect, thereby forming an acoustic pulse signal which is transmitted through a water medium.
The charging cabin section 23 and the energy storage cabin section 24 are provided with a charging cabin body and an energy storage cabin body, and the charging cabin body and the energy storage cabin body provide a stable and independent working environment for the underwater plasma beacon transmitting system. The underwater plasma beacon transmitting system exists in the charging cabin body and the energy storage cabin body, and achieves the function of the underwater plasma beacon transmitting system together with the plasma discharge electrode 14.
The underwater plasma beacon transmitting cabin system comprises a transmitting power supply unit, a control unit, a high-voltage generating unit, an energy storage unit and a triggering unit. Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the underwater plasma sound source system. The transmitting power supply unit, the control unit and the high voltage generating unit are located in the charging cabin section 23, and the energy storage unit and the triggering unit are located in the energy storage cabin section 24. The transmitting power supply unit is used for stabilizing the 6-7.5V direct current voltage provided by the storage battery 6 to 3V direct current through the voltage conversion chip and supplying power to the control unit and the high-voltage generation unit after stabilizing the voltage under the control of the digital I/O enabling of the underwater long-term standby value updating system; the control unit uses serial ports to generate control signals of the transmitting power supply unit through different working mode parameters of a serial data bus (RS-232 or RS-485 and the like), and controls the output voltage of the transmitting power supply unit, so that the power supply voltage of the high-voltage generating unit is controlled to control the charging rate, and the discharging period is controlled. The output of the high-voltage generating unit is connected to the energy storage unit to form a charging loop so as to complete the charging process for energy storage. The trigger unit and the energy storage unit are connected with the plasma discharge electrode 14 outside the cabin in the same loop to form a discharge loop, so that a high-voltage loop is formed to discharge the plasma discharge electrode 14, a 'liquid-electricity effect' can be formed on the plasma pulse discharge electrode 14, the final underwater plasma electro-acoustic conversion process is completed, a pulse acoustic signal (the signal acoustic source level is more than 220dB) is generated, and then a strong acoustic pulse signal is radiated to each direction through a water medium, the signal propagation distance is greatly increased, and even the signal propagation distance can reach 10km level.
The transmitting power supply unit comprises a group of storage batteries 6 and a voltage conversion chip circuit, and the storage batteries 6 and the voltage conversion chip and the auxiliary circuit on the control unit circuit board 7 jointly form a power supply unit. Under the control of an underwater long-time standby value updating system digital I/0 enabling end, voltage conversion is carried out through a voltage conversion chip, and then power is supplied to a control unit and a high-voltage generating unit. The storage battery 6 in the transmitting power supply unit has limited energy storage, can only maintain discharge for more than ten times, and has reduced load capacity along with the increase of the discharging internal resistance of the battery, so that the charging time is prolonged. Therefore, the voltage and current requirements of the system are met by combining a plurality of batteries in series and parallel, and then the voltage conversion chip is used for voltage conversion and voltage stabilization and then supplies power to the high-voltage generation unit and the control unit.
The control unit is arranged on a control unit circuit board 7, the output of the storage battery 6 is directly connected to the control unit circuit board 7, the control unit circuit board 7 is also connected with the low-voltage input end of a high-voltage generation module 8 of the high-voltage generation unit, and the other end of the control unit circuit board is connected with a signal processing unit circuit board 4 by passing through a second metal isolation plate 19 through the output of an RS-232 interface. The control unit uses a low-power consumption MCU, such as an MSP430G25xx series low-power consumption chip (the chip power consumption is extremely low, and is in mW level) to reduce unnecessary energy loss as much as possible. The MCU minimum system circuit with low power consumption, the TTL-232 level conversion chip and the accessory circuit, and the voltage conversion chip and the accessory circuit are integrated on the control unit circuit board 7. The control unit accomplishes the functions of: 1) the communication with the underwater long-term standby value updating system is realized by using an RS-232 interface and a level protocol specification so as to obtain different types of wake-up signals sent from the underwater long-term standby value updating system; 2) the output voltage of the voltage conversion chip is controlled, and further the working voltage of the high-voltage generation unit is controlled, so that the discharge frequency of the high-voltage pulse is controlled, and the generation frequency of the strong sound pulse is controlled.
The high voltage generation unit is responsible for charging the energy storage unit and comprises a high voltage generation module 8. The low voltage input of the high voltage generating module 8 is connected to the control unit circuit board 7. The high-voltage output end positive cable of the high-voltage generation module 8 starts from the charging cabin, penetrates through the first metal isolation plate 18, enters the energy storage cabin, and is connected with the positive electrode of the energy storage capacitor 10, and the negative electrode of the high-voltage generation module 8 is connected with the grounding wire 9. The ground line 9 can also be connected to the charging cabin body of the charging cabin section 23 or directly utilize the charging cabin body of the charging cabin section 23 as a common ground line. At this time, the charging cabin section 23 is required to have good conductivity of the material and the interface of the charging cabin body, that is, the cabin body of the watertight cabin 17. As shown in fig. 4, the power is supplied by the transmitting power supply unit under the control of the control unit, the transmitting power supply unit generates a dc low voltage, and generates a low voltage pulse by high frequency oscillation in the high voltage generating module 8, when the pulse transformer is boosted to a predetermined voltage value, the pulse rectification is performed to obtain a high voltage dc, thereby charging the energy storage capacitor 10 of the energy storage unit.
The energy storage unit comprises 1 high-quality energy storage capacitor 10 with withstand voltage 10kV capacity 1uF, and the energy storage capacitor 10 is fixed in the energy storage cabin through a capacitor fixing frame in a screw fastening mode. Referring to fig. 1, the negative electrode of the energy storage capacitor 10 is connected to the capacitor holder and grounded 9, i.e. to the compartment 24, i.e. the watertight compartment 17, and the negative electrode of the energy storage capacitor 10 is connected to the negative cable at the output end of the high voltage generating unit and is fastened to one end of the high voltage electrode of the trigger switch 11 of the trigger unit. The energy storage unit is used for accumulating high-voltage energy of plasma discharge under water and is composed of a high-temperature-resistant and high-voltage-resistant noninductive heterogeneous pulse capacitor. The method is realized by a pulse capacitor with small parasitic inductance, so that a larger discharge current (usually more than 10 kA) can be ensured to generate the strong acoustic pulse. The capacity, voltage resistance, temperature resistance and other electrical characteristics of the energy storage unit, as well as the process control of charging and discharging of the energy storage unit are directly related to the final effect of the whole system.
The trigger unit comprises a high-voltage air trigger switch 11, and the structure, the profile, the parameters and the characteristics of the trigger switch have the most direct and sensitive influence on the performance parameters of the rise time, the amplitude and the like of the pulse. The trigger switch 11 is a bipolar plate air trigger switch 11 (field distortion spark gap switch, which is a self-triggering mode). The switch has the advantages of simple processing, low cost, short conduction time, low requirement on trigger voltage, stable work and the like, so that the switch is widely applied. The high-voltage electrode of the trigger switch 11 is fastened with the positive electrode of the energy storage capacitor 10, and the low-voltage electrode of the trigger switch 11 is fastened with the discharge electrode core 12 through a connecting part of a spring copper sleeve 16 and then connected with an output electrode interface. The trigger switch 11 functions as: 1) The trigger gap can separate the charging loop from the discharging loop, so that the charging process is ensured to be completed smoothly; 2) when the capacitor is charged, the trigger gap is rapidly conducted, so that the energy stored in the energy storage capacitor 10 is instantaneously added to the main gap of the discharge electrode 14.
The underwater sound beacon watertight cabin 17 structure is formed by three cabin sections, namely a cabin section 22, a charging cabin section 23 and an energy storage cabin section 24, shown in the figures 1 and 2. One end of the charging cabin section 23 is an energy storage cabin section 24, and the other end is a charging cabin section 22. The charging bay section 23 is separated from the energy storage bay section 24 by a first metal partition 18. The charging bay section 23 is separated from the charging bay section 22 by a second metal partition plate 19. The underwater long-term standby value changing system comprises a value changing cabin section 22, and the underwater plasma beacon transmitting system comprises two cabin sections, namely a charging cabin section 23 and an energy storage cabin section 24. The three cabins are separated by metal clapboards and are fastened by a watertight structure, so that an integrated watertight cabin 17 structure is formed. The structural arrangement shields electromagnetic interference and provides a stable internal environment for the normal operation of each part of the underwater acoustic beacon. Meanwhile, the sectional type modularized cabin section is adopted, so that the beacon is convenient to assemble, use and maintain.
The watertight compartment 17 of the underwater acoustic beacon is used for isolating external seawater, and provides a stable working environment for each system in the underwater acoustic beacon. The metal shell of the watertight cabin 17 is subjected to oxidation coating and paint spraying treatment, so that the corrosion resistance of the system in seawater is improved, and the stability of the long-time working environment of the system in water is ensured. The watertight cabin 17, the receiving transducer 1, the plasma discharge electrode 14 and the water-entering detection electrode 2 are tightly connected to form a completely watertight structure.
The working principle of the underwater strong sound pulse beacon system is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1-6, after a problem occurs in an aircraft or ship, the underwater strong acoustic pulse beacon system enters water. Then the water inlet detection electrode 2 contacts with the seawater, and a passage is formed between the two electrodes of the water inlet detection electrode 2 through the conductivity of the seawater medium. Therefore, the water inlet detection signal is transmitted to the signal processing unit through the water inlet detection electrode 2, and the signal processing unit receives the water inlet signal, so that the whole underwater long-term standby value updating system starts to work.
At this time, the underwater receiving transducer 1 continuously converts the underwater acoustic signal received from the surrounding water environment into an electric signal, and the electric signal is transmitted to the inside of the watertight compartment 17 through the watertight cable. At the moment, the received continuous electric signal is filtered and amplified through the signal conditioning unit to become an analog signal with a band-pass amplitude suitable for sampling by the ADC module. Then the analog-to-digital conversion is carried out through the sampling of the ADC module, and the digital signal is converted into a digital signal and transmitted to a signal processing system. The signal processing system carries out real-time FFT signal processing and digital filtering processing on the digital signals which continuously arrive, and arranges the processing results. And if the processing result meets the arrival condition of the wake-up signal, indicating that the real-time wake-up signal is received. At the moment, the signal processing system divides and distinguishes the incoming wake-up signal, so as to determine the working mode of the plasma pulse sound source system, such as a discharge working period.
And after the working mode is determined, the signal processing system transmits the processing result to the plasma pulse sound source system in an RS-232 serial communication mode. And after the plasma pulse sound source system receives the corresponding processing result, acquiring the working mode information, starting autonomous working, continuously transmitting a strong sound pulse signal and radiating the strong sound pulse signal to all directions through a water medium.
During this time, the receiving transducer 1 also continues to receive underwater acoustic signals to determine the receipt of the next set of different wake-up signals for changing the mode of operation of the underwater acoustic beacon.
In view of the above system operating principles. The use method of the whole system is
The underwater strong sound pulse beacon system enters water accidentally or manually, and the system starts to work. At the moment, the seeker only needs to send a fixed-format wake-up signal on the water surface through a high-power signal sending system (the limit of the power consumption and the volume of the water surface equipment is small). Then various relatively mature searching modes and equipment such as a dragging array are used for receiving underwater strong sound signals. Therefore, the detectable range of the underwater sound beacon is greatly increased, the searching efficiency is improved, and the convenience is brought to the searching.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a long time standby remote strong acoustic pulse beacon system under water which characterized in that: the method comprises an underwater long-time standby value updating system and an underwater plasma beacon transmitting system;
the underwater long-term standby value receiving system receives and detects a wake-up signal sent by the searching equipment, enables the underwater strong sound pulse beacon system to be in a working mode of sounding and indicating positions according to the wake-up signal, and enables the underwater strong sound pulse beacon system to be in a standby dormant mode when the wake-up signal is not received;
the underwater plasma beacon transmitting system completes the transmission of plasma pulse acoustic signals, and the transmitting sound source level is more than 220 dB;
the underwater long-term standby value updating system and the underwater plasma beacon transmitting system are structurally in watertight connection in a mode that cabin sections of the underwater long-term standby value updating system and the underwater plasma beacon transmitting system are fixedly butted to form an integrated system, the cabin sections are connected through a serial data bus and/or a digital I/O line to carry out internal communication, and the underwater long-term standby value updating system is used for carrying out power-on control on the underwater plasma beacon transmitting system and transmitting a work enabling signal.
2. A long-time standby long-distance underwater strong acoustic pulse beacon system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the underwater wake-up signal of the underwater strong sound pulse beacon system has two modes: in the first mode, a ship-borne plasma strong sound source with the same specification is used for emitting strong sound pulses with equal time intervals, and after an underwater strong sound pulse beacon system receives the strong sound pulses sent by the water surface with equal time intervals, the system is awakened to complete signal transmission with symmetrical intensity; the plasma strong sound source with the same specification is the same as a plasma strong sound source in an underwater plasma beacon transmitting system; in the second mode, a ship-borne common water sound emission transducer is used for emitting signals with a set composition format, and the fine control of the underwater strong-sound pulse beacon system is completed, wherein the fine control comprises the control of the working cycle and the sleep cycle of the underwater strong-sound pulse beacon system; different strong sound pulse signals responded by the underwater strong sound pulse beacon system are obtained at different stages of searching the underwater strong sound pulse beacon system, so that the searching efficiency of the beacon is improved.
3. A long-time standby long-distance underwater strong acoustic pulse beacon system as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the underwater long-time standby value changing system comprises an underwater detection electrode, a receiving transducer and a value changing section;
the water inlet detection electrode penetrates through an insulating end cover on the outer side of the value changing section in a metal screw screwing and locking mode and extends into the value changing section, so that the output of the water inlet detection electrode is led into the value changing section through the metal screw;
the receiving transducer is connected with the outer side of the outer cabin section through an insulating end cover by using a watertight connector and a watertight cable, so that the output of the receiving transducer is led into the inner part of the outer cabin section through the watertight cable;
the end covers through which the receiving transducer and the water inlet detection electrode penetrate are insulating end covers on the outer sides of the cabin-changing sections, and the receiving transducer and the water inlet detection electrode are both positioned outside the cabin-changing sections;
the value changing section comprises a value changing cabin body and an underwater long-time standby value changing cabin system; the value changing cabin body provides a stable and independent working environment for the underwater long-term standby value changing system; the underwater long-term standby value changing in-cabin system is arranged inside the value changing cabin body, and the system function of the underwater long-term standby value changing system is realized together with the receiving transducer and the water inlet detection electrode, so that the signal receiving and processing of the underwater long-term standby value changing system are completed;
the underwater long-time standby value changing cabin system comprises a water inlet detection unit, a value changing power supply unit, a signal conditioning unit and a signal processing unit; the water inlet detection unit receives a water inlet detection signal transmitted by the water inlet detection electrode from the outside of the cabin, judges whether the system enters water or not and further controls whether the power supply unit supplies power or not; the value replacing power supply unit supplies power to other units of the whole value replacing system and is controlled by the water inlet detection unit; the output signal of the receiving transducer is input to the signal conditioning unit, the signal conditioning unit amplifies and filters the signal and then sends the signal to the signal processing unit, the signal processing unit analyzes and judges the signal, and if the awakening signal is judged to be received, parameters of the underwater plasma beacon transmitting system are set through the serial communication bus, and work in different modes is carried out.
4. A long-time standby long-distance underwater strong acoustic pulse beacon system as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the water inlet detection unit comprises an amplifier and a comparator; the signal of the water inlet detection electrode is amplified to a level which can be judged by the comparator through the amplifier, and then the comparator judges the amplified signal, judges whether the system enters water or not, and controls whether the power supply unit supplies power or not; the value-more power supply unit is powered by a storage battery, and a plurality of batteries generate voltage and current meeting the system requirements in a series-parallel combination mode; under the control of the water inlet detection unit, the value comparison power supply unit supplies power to other units of the system in the value comparison cabin through the voltage conversion chip; the signal conditioning unit comprises a band-pass filter and a signal amplifier; after being processed by a band-pass filter, the signals of the receiving transducer are transmitted to a signal amplifier for signal amplification processing, and then transmitted to a signal processing unit; the signal processing unit comprises a data acquisition unit and a data processing unit; the data acquisition unit performs AD conversion on the signals transmitted by the signal conditioning unit to convert the signals into digital signals and buffers the digital signals; the data processing unit analyzes and processes the data, judges whether a corresponding wake-up signal is received or not, controls an enabling end of a power supply unit of the underwater plasma beacon transmitting system through the digital I/O port, and controls working parameters of the underwater plasma beacon transmitting system through the serial data bus.
5. A long-time standby long-distance underwater strong acoustic pulse beacon system as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the underwater plasma beacon transmitting system comprises a charging cabin section, an energy storage cabin section and a plasma discharging electrode; the charging cabin section and the energy storage cabin section are separated by a metal partition plate and fastened by a watertight structure locked by screws;
the plasma discharge electrode penetrates through an end cover on the outer side of the energy storage cabin section in a screw screwing and locking mode and is tightly connected with a high-voltage output interface of the energy storage cabin section in a spring copper sleeve connection mode, so that high voltage can be output to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the plasma discharge electrode; the discharge part of the plasma discharge electrode is positioned in the water outside the energy storage cabin section, the plasma discharge electrode obtains high voltage from the energy storage cabin section, the final underwater plasma electro-acoustic conversion process is completed at the discharge tip of the plasma discharge electrode, and strong acoustic pulses are generated and radiated out in all directions through a water medium;
the charging cabin section comprises a charging cabin body, the energy storage cabin section comprises an energy storage cabin body, and the charging cabin body and the energy storage cabin body provide a stable and independent working environment for the underwater plasma beacon transmitting system; the underwater plasma beacon transmitting system exists in the charging cabin body and the energy storage cabin body, and realizes the function of the underwater plasma beacon transmitting system together with the plasma discharge electrode;
the underwater plasma beacon transmitting cabin system comprises a transmitting power supply unit, a control unit, a high-voltage generating unit, an energy storage unit and a triggering unit;
the transmitting power supply unit, the control unit and the high voltage generation unit are positioned in the charging cabin body, and the energy storage unit and the trigger unit are positioned in the energy storage cabin body; the transmitting power supply unit supplies power to the control unit and the high-voltage generation unit after performing voltage conversion through the voltage conversion chip under the control of digital I/O enabling of the underwater long-term standby value updating system; the control unit receives different working mode parameters sent by the underwater long-term standby value updating system through the serial communication bus, generates a control signal of the transmitting power supply unit, and controls the output voltage of the transmitting power supply unit, so that the power supply voltage of the high-voltage generating unit is controlled to control the charging rate, and further the discharging period is controlled; the energy storage unit is connected with the high-voltage generation unit for storing electric energy; the triggering unit and the energy storage unit are connected with the plasma discharge electrode outside the cabin and are in the same loop to form a high-voltage discharge loop so that the plasma discharge electrode discharges to generate a pulse sound signal.
6. The long-time standby long-distance underwater strong acoustic pulse beacon system according to claim 5, characterized in that: the transmitting power supply unit is powered by storage batteries, a plurality of storage batteries meet the voltage and current requirements of the system in a series-parallel combination mode, and the high-voltage generating unit and the control unit are powered by a voltage conversion chip under the control of enabling of system digital I/O (input/output) of underwater long-term standby values; the high-voltage generating unit generates high-frequency oscillation pulses under the control of the control unit, the high-frequency oscillation pulses are boosted to a preset voltage value through a pulse transformer, high-voltage direct current is obtained after pulse rectification, and the energy storage unit is charged; the energy storage unit consists of an energy storage capacitor, the energy storage capacitor is fixed in the energy storage cabin body through a capacitor fixing frame in a screw fastening mode, the negative electrode of the energy storage capacitor group is connected with the capacitor fixing frame and is grounded, and the positive electrode plate is connected with a positive cable at the output end of the high voltage generation unit and is fastened with the high voltage electrode of the trigger unit; the trigger unit consists of a trigger switch, and the trigger switch adopts a bipolar plate air trigger switch; the high-voltage electrode of the trigger switch is fastened with the positive electrode of the energy storage capacitor, and the low-voltage electrode of the trigger switch is fastened with the connecting part of the discharge electrode core.
7. The long-time standby long-distance underwater strong acoustic pulse beacon system according to claim 5, characterized in that: the three cabin sections of the charging cabin section, the energy storage cabin section and the value changing cabin section form a watertight cabin structure of the underwater sound beacon together; one end of the charging cabin section is an energy storage cabin section, and the other end of the charging cabin section is a value changing cabin section; the underwater long-time standby value changing system comprises a value changing section, and the underwater plasma beacon transmitting system comprises two sections, namely a charging section and an energy storage section; the three cabins are separated by metal clapboards and fastened by a watertight structure, so that an integrated watertight cabin structure is formed; the underwater sound beacon watertight compartment structure is used for isolating external seawater and providing a stable working environment for each system in the underwater strong sound pulse beacon system; the underwater sound beacon watertight cabin structure, the receiving transducer, the plasma discharge electrode and the water-entering detection electrode are connected in a fastening mode to form a completely watertight structure body.
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