CN112362742A - Flaw detection device - Google Patents
Flaw detection device Download PDFInfo
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- CN112362742A CN112362742A CN202011362153.2A CN202011362153A CN112362742A CN 112362742 A CN112362742 A CN 112362742A CN 202011362153 A CN202011362153 A CN 202011362153A CN 112362742 A CN112362742 A CN 112362742A
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- rail
- flaw detection
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61K—AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAILWAYS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B61K9/00—Railway vehicle profile gauges; Detecting or indicating overheating of components; Apparatus on locomotives or cars to indicate bad track sections; General design of track recording vehicles
- B61K9/08—Measuring installations for surveying permanent way
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
- G01N29/225—Supports, positioning or alignment in moving situation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
- G01N29/26—Arrangements for orientation or scanning by relative movement of the head and the sensor
- G01N29/265—Arrangements for orientation or scanning by relative movement of the head and the sensor by moving the sensor relative to a stationary material
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/26—Scanned objects
- G01N2291/262—Linear objects
- G01N2291/2623—Rails; Railroads
Abstract
The invention discloses a flaw detection device.A translation plate is movably arranged on a bearing frame, and the bearing frame is movably arranged on an installation frame. One end of the transverse adjusting mechanism is arranged on the bearing frame, and the other end of the transverse adjusting mechanism is connected to the translation plate. The flaw detection sensor is arranged on the sensor mounting unit, the sensor mounting unit is arranged on the translation plate in a hanging mode, and the centering adjustment of the flaw detection sensor is achieved through the transverse adjusting mechanism. One end of the first lifting mechanism is installed on the translation plate, and the other end of the first lifting mechanism is connected to the sensor installation unit. The rail wheel is arranged on the rail wheel mounting unit, the rail wheel mounting unit is arranged on the translation plate in a suspension mode, and the flaw detection sensors are arranged on two sides of the rail wheel in a suspension mode. One end of the second lifting mechanism is installed on the translation plate, and the other end of the second lifting mechanism is connected to the rail wheel installation unit. The invention can solve the technical problems that the existing flaw detection device can not accurately and positively press the center of the steel rail, and the flaw detection bottom wave is easy to lose, thereby causing poor detection effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rail engineering machinery, in particular to a flaw detection device which is applied to a railway engineering vehicle and adopts a middle leaning rail centering mode.
Background
Railway transportation safety is a significant social issue concerning socioeconomic development and passenger personal safety. The rail and the like are important infrastructures of the railway, with the development of domestic economy and the acceleration of urbanization process, the running density and the operation load of the rail are increased no matter whether the rail is a high-speed rail or a subway, and the ultrasonic rail flaw detection is one of the most effective and important means for finding the internal damage of the rail and reducing the rail breaking risk in the early stage and providing the train operation safety which are generally accepted in the world at present.
Because the irregularity of circuit and the snakelike motion of wheel pair, when the rail flaw detection car was detected a flaw the operation on the circuit, can produce the motion such as yaw, rocking to cause the malleation that the spy wheel can not be accurate at the rail center, the phenomenon is lost to the bottom wave of detecting a flaw appears, leads to the detection effect bad. Therefore, the automatic centering control of the probe wheel is a key core technology of the steel rail flaw detection vehicle, and how to control the position of the probe wheel to enable the ultrasonic waves to effectively enter the steel rail directly influences the flaw detection quality and effect. At present, automatic centering systems used on domestic large-scale steel rail flaw detection vehicles are imported into electromagnetic centering systems of foreign companies, are high in manufacturing cost and poor in centering effect, and manual control is adopted to adjust centering in most of time when flaw detection operation is caused. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a flaw detection apparatus equipped with a new probe wheel automatic centering mechanism.
In the prior art, the following technical solutions are mainly relevant to the present application:
prior art 1 is filed on 15/01 in 2014, and is published on 23/04 in 2014, and is a chinese invention filed on CN 103738357A. This application discloses a device of detecting a flaw based on bogie installation, the device of detecting a flaw is installed on the bogie, and the device of detecting a flaw specifically includes that left longeron, right longeron, frame constitute, crossbeam, unit fixing device constitute, the motor constitutes, spy wheel is constituteed and the connecting plate. The left longitudinal beam and the right longitudinal beam are mutually connected through a cross beam to form a carrier of the flaw detection device, and the two frame assemblies are oppositely arranged on the carrier along the direction of the cross beam. The unit fixing device assembly is movably arranged on the frame assembly through a connecting plate, and the probe wheel assembly is arranged on the unit fixing device assembly. The motor assembly is arranged between the frame assembly and the assembly consisting of the unit fixing device assembly and the connecting plate. The motor assembly driving unit fixing device assembly moves on the frame assembly along the direction of the cross beam. The device has the advantages of compact structure, strong adaptability, high efficiency and accuracy, is suitable for high-speed flaw detection operation of 0-80 km/h, and can fully meet the current requirements of high-density and high-speed running organization.
Prior art 2 is applied for 10/05/2016 and announced 23/11/2016, and is published as CN 205706703U. The utility model discloses an adopt rail of automatic centering mode to visit the car, this rail visits the car and includes: flaw detection vehicles, flaw detection systems and automatic centering systems; wherein, the flaw detection vehicle runs on the steel rail; the flaw detection system is arranged on the flaw detection vehicle and comprises a detection wheel used for detecting the flaw in the steel rail; the automatic centering system is arranged on the flaw detection vehicle and comprises an automatic centering sensor, an automatic centering control cabinet and an automatic centering driving motor; the automatic centering sensor is used for detecting the deviation between the probe wheel and the central line of the steel rail and sending a detection result to the automatic centering control cabinet; the automatic centering control cabinet is used for sending a control command to the automatic centering driving motor according to the detection result; and the automatic centering driving motor is used for adjusting the horizontal position of the probe wheel and correcting the deviation between the probe wheel and the central line of the steel rail.
However, the above prior art 1 and 2 both have the technical problem that the detection wheel cannot be accurately pressed in the center of the steel rail, and the flaw detection bottom wave is easily lost, thereby causing poor detection effect.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a flaw detection apparatus, so as to solve the technical problem that the detection wheel of the conventional flaw detection apparatus cannot be accurately pressed to the center of the steel rail, and the flaw detection bottom wave is easily lost, thereby causing a poor detection effect.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention specifically provides a technical implementation of a flaw detection device, which is installed below a vehicle body of a rail flaw detection vehicle, and includes: the device comprises an installation frame, a translation plate, a transverse adjusting mechanism, a bearing frame, a sensor installation unit, a flaw detection sensor, a first lifting mechanism, a second lifting mechanism, a rail wheel installation unit and a rail wheel. The translation plate is movably installed on the bearing frame, and the bearing frame is movably installed on the installation frame. One end of the transverse adjusting mechanism is installed on the bearing frame, and the other end of the transverse adjusting mechanism is connected to the translation plate. The flaw detection sensor is arranged on the sensor mounting unit, and the sensor mounting unit is arranged on the translation plate in a hanging mode. One end of the first lifting mechanism is installed on the translation plate, and the other end of the first lifting mechanism is connected to the sensor installation unit. The rail wheel is arranged on the rail wheel mounting unit, the rail wheel mounting unit is mounted on the translation plate in a suspension mode, and the flaw detection sensors are mounted on two sides of the rail wheel in a suspension mode. One end of the second lifting mechanism is installed on the translation plate, and the other end of the second lifting mechanism is connected to the rail wheel installation unit. Through horizontal adjustment mechanism realizes detecting a flaw the centering of sensor and adjusts, through first elevating system realizes detecting a flaw the lift and push down of sensor, and through second elevating system realizes leaning on the lift of rail wheel.
Furthermore, the rail leaning wheel is installed below the middle of the translation plate in a hanging mode through a rail leaning wheel installation unit, and the rail leaning wheel installation unit comprises a rail leaning wheel installation frame, a second lifting guide pillar, a second lifting guide sleeve, a second fixing guide pillar, a second locking block and a second connecting plate. The second lifting guide pillar and the second fixed guide pillar are parallel to each other and are vertically fixed below the translation plate, and the second connecting plate is connected between the second lifting guide pillar and the second fixed guide pillar. The second lifting guide sleeve is sleeved outside the second lifting guide column, and the rail wheel mounting frame is fixed on the second lifting guide sleeve. The rail wheel is fixed and hung on the lower part of the rail wheel mounting frame through a second locking block. The second lifting mechanism drives the rail wheel mounting frame and the second lifting guide sleeve to slide on the second lifting guide column.
Furthermore, the flaw detection device is connected with a bogie of the steel rail flaw detection vehicle through a mounting frame, the mounting frame comprises longitudinal beams and cross beams, the two longitudinal beams extending along the axial direction are arranged in parallel and opposite to each other along the transverse direction, and the two cross beams arranged in parallel and opposite to each other along the axial direction are connected between the two longitudinal beams.
Furthermore, the bearing frame is arranged on the cross beam through a connecting rod mechanism, one end of the connecting rod mechanism is hinged with the cross beam, and the other end of the connecting rod mechanism is hinged to the bearing frame. The horizontal position of the translation plate is adjusted by the stretching of the horizontal adjusting mechanism.
Furthermore, the bearing frame is arranged between the two cross beams through a connecting rod mechanism, and the bearing frame is positioned below the middle part of the translation plate. One flaw detection sensor is arranged below the bearing frame in a hanging mode through the sensor installation unit, and the other flaw detection sensors are arranged below two sides of the bearing frame in a hanging mode.
Furthermore, the longitudinal beam comprises a rectangular beam, a spline bushing and a connecting arm, and one end of the rectangular beam is connected to the axle box through the axle box end cover after being connected with the spline bushing. And the other end of the rectangular beam is connected with the connecting arm and then connected to the axle box through the axle box end cover.
Furthermore, an elastic bushing is arranged at a mounting hole where the rectangular beam is connected with the cross beam.
Further, when the vehicle is in an operating state, the rail leaning wheel is lowered and placed on the rail surface of the steel rail by operating the second lifting mechanism, then the transverse adjusting mechanism moves towards the outer side of the steel rail, the wheel rim of the rail leaning wheel is in contact with the inner side of the rail surface of the steel rail, the rail leaning wheel is always kept attached to the inner side of the steel rail through the continuous acting force of the transverse adjusting mechanism, and the mechanical centering of the whole flaw detection device is achieved. Meanwhile, a certain positive pressure is applied in the vertical direction through the second lifting mechanism, so that the rail-leaning wheel is always positively pressed on the rail surface of the steel rail. When the vehicle is in a non-operation state, the acting force of the transverse adjusting mechanism towards the outer side of the steel rail is relieved, and the rail leaning wheels are lifted up through the second lifting mechanism, so that the rapid running of the vehicle is ensured.
Furthermore, the flaw detection sensor is suspended and installed below the translation plate through a sensor installation unit, and the sensor installation unit comprises a sensor installation frame, a first lifting guide pillar, a first lifting guide sleeve, a first fixing guide pillar, a first locking block and a first connecting plate. The first lifting guide pillar and the first fixed guide pillar are parallel to each other and are vertically fixed below the translation plate, and the first connecting plate is connected between the first lifting guide pillar and the first fixed guide pillar. The first lifting guide sleeve is sleeved outside the first lifting guide column, and the sensor mounting frame is fixed on the first lifting guide sleeve. The flaw detection sensor is fixedly and suspendedly mounted on the lower portion of the sensor mounting frame through the first locking block, and one end of the first lifting mechanism is connected to the sensor mounting frame. The first lifting mechanism drives the sensor mounting frame and the first lifting guide sleeve to slide on the first lifting guide column, so that the flaw detection sensor is lifted and pressed down.
Furthermore, the flaw detection device also comprises an inclination angle adjusting mechanism, one end of the inclination angle adjusting mechanism is hinged with the bearing frame, the other end of the inclination angle adjusting mechanism is hinged to the mounting frame, and the included angle between the bearing frame and the horizontal plane of the steel rail is adjusted through the stretching and retracting of the inclination angle adjusting mechanism.
By implementing the technical scheme of the flaw detection device provided by the invention, the flaw detection device has the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the flaw detection device, the position of the flaw detection sensor is adjusted by controlling the servo motor to drive transversely, the relative position of the steel rail and the flaw detection sensor is fixed by adopting a middle single rail-leaning wheel centering structure, and the deviation between the flaw detection sensor and the central line of the steel rail is corrected, so that the technical problem that the flaw detection sensor in the conventional flaw detection device cannot be accurately positively pressed at the center of the steel rail, the flaw detection bottom wave is easy to lose, and the detection effect is poor is solved;
(2) the flaw detection device adopts a middle single-rail-wheel centering structure, so that the rail wheel is always kept clinging to the inner side of a steel rail during operation, the mechanical centering of the whole device is realized, and meanwhile, the rail wheel is always pressed on a rail surface vertically, so that the stable and safe operation of the device is ensured; the device has the advantages that the device can ensure that a vehicle can quickly run during non-operation, improves the mechanical centering reliability and centering precision, has a compact and small rail structure, and effectively improves the passing capacity and automatic centering capacity of a small-radius curve of the device;
(3) the flaw detection device adopts the dip angle adjusting mechanism of the flaw detection sensor, and the original manual dip angle adjustment under the vehicle is changed into the electric dip angle adjustment on the vehicle, the structure can adjust the angle between the flaw detection sensor and the cross section of the steel rail in a motor driving mode, and can adjust the dip angle according to the change of the bottom slope of the line rail at any time and any place so as to meet the change of the bottom slope of the line rail of different lines, thereby achieving the purpose of adjusting the angle of the flaw detection sensor in the vehicle in real time, well solving the problem of inconvenient dip angle adjustment of the flaw detection sensor under the vehicle, lightening the working strength of an operator, and improving the convenience and the safety of operation; meanwhile, the original mechanical inclination angle adjusting frame structure is cancelled, the weight of the whole device is effectively reduced, and the light-weight requirement is met.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, from which other embodiments can be derived by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the mounting structure of one embodiment of the flaw detection apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the flaw detection apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the inspection apparatus of the present invention from another perspective;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a side member in one embodiment of the flaw detection apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a transverse centering adjustment mechanism in one embodiment of the flaw detection apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a rail wheel-mounted unit in one embodiment of the flaw detection apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a partial structural view of a rail wheel mounting unit in one embodiment of the flaw detection apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a partial structural view of a sensor mounting unit in one embodiment of the flaw detection apparatus of the present invention; FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of an inclination angle adjusting mechanism in one embodiment of the flaw detection apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a partial schematic view showing the structure of an inclination adjusting mechanism in one embodiment of the flaw detection apparatus of the present invention;
in the figure: 1-mounting frame, 2-longitudinal beam, 3-transverse beam, 4-translational plate, 5-lateral adjustment mechanism, 6-bearing frame, 7-sensor mounting unit, 8-flaw detection sensor, 9-first lifting mechanism, 10-rail wheel mounting unit, 11-rectangular beam, 12-spline bushing, 13-connecting arm, 14-elastic bushing, 15-axle box end cover, 16-translational guide rail, 17-slide block, 18-sensor mounting frame, 19-first lifting guide pillar, 20-first lifting guide sleeve, 21-first fixed guide pillar, 22-first locking block, 23-first connecting plate, 24-hooking mechanism, 25-tilt angle adjustment mechanism, 26-linkage mechanism, 27-second lifting mechanism, 28-rail wheel, 29-rail wheel mounting frame, 30-second lifting guide column, 31-second lifting guide sleeve, 32-second fixed guide column, 33-second locking block, 34-second connecting plate, 35-mounting seat, 36-longitudinal clamping plate, 37-mounting support, 38-rotating shaft, 39-limiting block, 100-flaw detection device, 200-axle box, 300-bogie and 400-rail.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely a few embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "fixed" or "disposed" on another element, it can be directly on the other element or be indirectly disposed on the other element; when an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be indirectly connected to the other element.
It will be understood that the terms "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like, refer to an orientation or positional relationship illustrated in the drawings for convenience in describing the present application and to simplify description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present application, "plurality" or "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.
It should be understood that the structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the drawings are only used for matching the disclosure of the specification, so as to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the conditions that the present application can be implemented, so that the present application has no technical significance.
Referring to fig. 1 to 10, a specific embodiment of the flaw detection apparatus according to the present invention is shown, and the present invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiment.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of a flaw detection apparatus 100 is installed under the body of a rail flaw detection vehicle, and is used as a carrying and movement actuator of a flaw detection sensor in an ultrasonic flaw detection system for performing flaw detection work inside a rail 400. In the present embodiment, the flaw detector 100 is further installed below the bogie 300 for detection of a large rail flaw detection vehicle, and is self-operated on the rail 400 with the vehicle. As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the flaw detection apparatus 100 specifically includes: the device comprises a mounting frame 1, a translation plate 4, a transverse adjusting mechanism 5, a bearing frame 6, a sensor mounting unit 7, a flaw detection sensor 8, a first lifting mechanism 9, a second lifting mechanism 27, a rail wheel mounting unit 10 and a rail wheel 28. The flaw detection device 100 is connected with the bogie 300 through the mounting frame 1, the mounting frame 1 mainly comprises a cross beam assembly and a longitudinal beam assembly, the bearing of the whole flaw detection device 100 and the connection and fixation with the bogie 300 are realized, and the whole flaw detection device 100 is connected with the bogie 300 of the steel rail flaw detection vehicle body through an end cover of the longitudinal beam assembly. A carrying frame 6 is disposed on the mounting frame 1, and the translation plate 4 extends along a rail direction (shown as L in fig. 2, 3, 5, 6, 7 and 8) and is movably mounted on the carrying frame 6. The transverse adjusting mechanism 5 is mounted on the carrying frame 6 at one end and connected to the translating plate 4 at the other end, and the translating plate 4 can move on the carrying frame 6 along the transverse direction (the direction shown as W in fig. 2, 3, 5, 6 and 7) under the pushing of the transverse adjusting mechanism 5. The flaw detection sensor 8 is mounted on the sensor mounting unit 7, and the sensor mounting unit 7 is mounted on the translation plate 4 in a hanging manner. One end of the first lifting mechanism 9 is fixedly mounted to the translation plate 4, and the other end is connected to the sensor mounting unit 7. The rail wheel 28 is arranged on the rail wheel mounting unit 10, the rail wheel mounting unit 10 is arranged on the translation plate 4 in a hanging mode, and the flaw detection sensors 8 are arranged on two sides of the rail wheel 28 in a hanging mode. One end of the second lifting mechanism 27 is fixedly mounted to the translating plate 4 and the other end is connected to the rail wheel mounting unit 10. The sensor mounting unit 7 is fixedly suspended at the translation plate 4 on the rectangular bearing frame 6, the centering adjustment of the flaw detection sensor 8 is realized through the transverse adjusting mechanism 5 (which can specifically adopt but is not limited to a servo motor), the vertical lifting and the pressing down of the flaw detection sensor 8 are realized through the first lifting mechanism 9 (which can specifically adopt but is not limited to a pneumatic cylinder), and the lifting of the rail-leaning wheel 28 is realized through the second lifting mechanism 27.
The mounting frame 1 further comprises longitudinal beams 2 and transverse beams 3, two longitudinal beams 2 extending in the axial direction being arranged parallel to and opposite each other in the transverse direction, and two transverse beams 3 arranged parallel to and opposite each other in the axial direction being connected between the two longitudinal beams 2. As shown in fig. 4, the longitudinal beam 2 further includes a rectangular beam 11, a spline bushing 12, and a connecting arm 13, wherein one end of the rectangular beam 11 is connected to the axle box 200 through the spline bushing 12 and then through the axle box end cap 15, and the other end of the rectangular beam 11 is connected to the connecting arm 13 and then through the axle box end cap 15 and then connected to the axle box 200. The connecting structure of the axle box end cover 15 and the rectangular beam 11 is provided with a plurality of degrees of freedom to adapt to the physical change of the position between the steering bogie wheels in the operation of the steel rail flaw detection vehicle and ensure the overall safety and stability of the flaw detection device 100. The connecting shaft of the axle box end cover 15 is provided with a ball bearing, so that the longitudinal beam 2 and the axle box end cover 15 have certain rotation and deflection allowance. The spline bushing 12 is provided with a sliding block, so that longitudinal short-distance sliding adjustment caused by distance change of the wheel pair can be realized. The elastic bushing 14 is embedded and arranged at the mounting (bolt) hole of the rectangular beam 11 connected with the cross beam 3, so that the pure rigid connection can be converted into flexible connection, and the adverse effect caused by vibration can be reduced. In addition, the axle box end cover 15 is provided with an opening, when annual axle annual inspection is detected, the end cover of the longitudinal beam does not need to be disassembled, and only the connecting plate at the opening of the end cover needs to be taken down, so that the axle annual inspection workload is reduced to the maximum extent.
As shown in fig. 9 and 10, the carrying frame 6 is further mounted on the cross beam 3 through a link mechanism 26, one end of the link mechanism 26 is hinged with the cross beam 3, and the other end is hinged with the carrying frame 6. The bearing frame 6 is transversely provided with a translation guide rail 16, and two ends of the translation guide rail 16 are also provided with limit blocks 39, as shown in fig. 5. The lower part of the translation plate 4 is provided with a sliding block 17, the sliding block 17 and the translation guide rail 16 form a moving pair, and the transverse position of the translation plate 4 is adjusted by the extension and contraction of the transverse adjusting mechanism 5. As a typical embodiment of the present invention, the carrying frame 6 is mounted between the two cross beams 3 by a linkage 26, and the carrying frame 6 is located below the middle of the translation plate 4. One of the flaw detection sensors 8 is installed under the carrying frame 6 in a suspended manner by the sensor installation unit 7, and the other flaw detection sensors 8 are installed under both sides of the carrying frame 6 in an axially suspended manner.
As shown in fig. 6 and 8, the flaw detection sensor 8 is mounted under the translation plate 4 by suspending the sensor mounting unit 7, and the sensor mounting unit 7 further includes a sensor mounting bracket 18, a first lifting guide post 19, a first lifting guide sleeve 20, a first fixing guide post 21, a first locking block 22, and a first connecting plate 23. The first lift pin 19 and the first stationary pin 21 are parallel to each other and vertically fixed under the translating plate 4, and the first connecting plate 25 is connected between the first lift pin 19 and the first stationary pin 21. The first lifting guide sleeve 20 is sleeved outside the first lifting guide post 19, and the sensor mounting frame 18 is fixed on the first lifting guide sleeve 20. The flaw detection sensor 8 is fixed and hung on the lower portion of the sensor mounting frame 18 by a first locking block 22, and one end of the first elevating mechanism 9 is connected to the sensor mounting frame 18. The first lifting mechanism 9 drives the sensor mounting frame 18 and the first lifting guide sleeve 20 to slide on the first lifting guide post 19, so as to realize the lifting and pressing of the flaw detection sensor 8 along the vertical direction (as shown in the direction H in fig. 6, 7 and 8).
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, one end of the lateral adjustment mechanism 5 is mounted on the carriage frame 6 via a mounting seat 35. As shown in fig. 8, the sensor mounting unit 7 further includes a hooking mechanism 24, one end of the hooking mechanism 24 is fixedly connected to the lower portion of the translation plate 4, and the other end of the hooking mechanism 24 is lockable with the sensor mounting frame 18, so as to unlock and couple the flaw detection sensor 8.
As shown in fig. 7, the rail wheel 28 is suspended and mounted below the middle portion of the translation plate 4 by the rail wheel mounting unit 10, and the rail wheel mounting unit 10 further includes a rail wheel mounting frame 29, a second lifting guide column 30, a second lifting guide sleeve 31, a second fixing guide column 32, a second locking block 33 and a second connecting plate 34. The second lift pin 30 and the second stationary pin 32 are parallel to each other and vertically fixed under the translation plate 4, and the second connecting plate 34 is connected between the second lift pin 30 and the second stationary pin 32. The second lifting guide sleeve 31 is sleeved outside the second lifting guide post 30, and the rail wheel mounting frame 29 is fixed on the second lifting guide sleeve 31. The rail wheel 28 is fixed and hung on the lower part of the rail wheel mounting frame 29 through a second locking block 33, one end of the second lifting mechanism 27 is fixedly mounted on the translation plate 4, and the other end is connected to the sensor mounting frame 18. The rail wheel mounting frame 29 and the second lifting guide sleeve 31 are driven by the second lifting mechanism 27 to slide on the second lifting guide column 30.
When the vehicle is in an operating state, the rail leaning wheel 28 is lowered and placed on the rail surface of the steel rail 400 by operating the second lifting mechanism 27, then the transverse adjusting mechanism 5 acts towards the outer side of the steel rail 400, the flange of the rail leaning wheel 28 is in contact with the inner side of the rail surface of the steel rail 400, the rail leaning wheel 28 is always kept attached to the inner side of the steel rail 400 through the continuous acting force of the transverse adjusting mechanism 5, and the mechanical centering of the whole flaw detection device 100 is achieved. Meanwhile, a certain positive pressure is applied in the vertical direction through the second lifting mechanism 27, so that the rail wheel 28 always exerts the positive pressure on the rail surface of the steel rail 400. When the vehicle is in a non-operating state, the urging force of the lateral adjustment mechanism 5 toward the outside of the rail 400 is released, and the second lifting mechanism 27 lifts the rail-following wheels 28, thereby ensuring rapid traveling of the vehicle.
The flaw detection device 100 described in this embodiment adopts an automatic centering adjustment structure, adjusts the position of the flaw detection sensor 8 by controlling the transverse driving of the servo motor, and corrects the deviation between the flaw detection sensor 8 and the center line of the steel rail 400, thereby fundamentally solving the technical problem that the flaw detection sensor 8 of the existing flaw detection device 100 cannot be accurately pressed in the center of the steel rail 400, so that the flaw detection bottom wave is easily lost, and the detection effect is poor, and meeting the safe and reliable flaw detection requirements of high-speed rail and existing-line steel rail flaw detection vehicles. Meanwhile, the flaw detection device 100 described in this embodiment adopts a middle single rail wheel centering structure, the structural design is simplified and reasonable, the performance is stable, the centering effect is good, the rail wheel is always kept clinging to the inner side of the steel rail during operation, the mechanical centering of the whole device is realized, and meanwhile, the rail wheel is always pressed on the rail surface vertically, so that the stable and safe operation of the device is ensured; the rail leaning device has the advantages that the rapid traveling of a vehicle can be ensured during non-operation, the mechanical centering reliability and centering precision are improved, the rail leaning device is compact and small in structure, the passing capacity and the automatic centering capacity of a small-radius curve of the device are effectively improved, the detection rate of rail damage is greatly improved, and the rail leaning device plays a great role in promoting the safety of railway operation.
In the present embodiment, the flaw detection sensors 8 are described by taking a wheel-type probe wheel as an example, and others are as follows: other flaw detection sensor structures such as a sliding shoe type flaw detection sensor structure are alternatives. The embodiment of the mounting structure of the flaw detection device 100 is described by taking a bogie mounting manner as an example, and other structures which are mounted and connected with a rail flaw detection vehicle are all alternatives. The installation manner of the rail wheel 28 is described by taking a structure in which the rail wheel 28 alone performs lifting and pressing as an example, and others are as follows: the structure adopting integral lifting and pressing is an alternative scheme.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 9 and 10, in embodiment 1, the flaw detection apparatus 100 further includes an inclination adjusting mechanism 25, and one end of the inclination adjusting mechanism 25 is connected to the carrying frame 6, and the other end is connected to the mounting frame 1. In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, two ends of two beams 3 are connected to each other by a longitudinal clamp 28, one end of the tilt angle adjusting mechanism 25 is hinged to the carrying frame 6, the other end is hinged to the longitudinal clamp 28, and the angle between the carrying frame 6 and the horizontal plane of the steel rail 400 is adjusted by the extension and contraction of the tilt angle adjusting mechanism 25. As shown in fig. 9, one end of the tilt angle adjusting mechanism 25 (a motor or an electric cylinder may be further used, the angle adjusting precision may be set to 0.01mm, and the angle adjusting range may be limited to-3 ° to-6 °) is hinged to the carrying frame 6, and the other end is hinged to the mounting frame 1. As shown in fig. 10, one end of the tilt angle adjusting mechanism 25 is hinged to a mounting support 37 at the bottom of the bearing frame 6, and the other end is hinged to the mounting frame 1 through a rotating shaft 38, and the tilt angle of the link mechanism 26 is driven by the extension and contraction of the tilt angle adjusting mechanism 25 to adjust the included angle between the bearing frame 6 and the horizontal plane of the steel rail 400, so as to finally achieve the purpose of adjusting the angle of the flaw detection sensor 8.
The flaw detection device 100 described in this embodiment adopts the flaw detection sensor inclination angle adjusting mechanism, and is changed from the original manual inclination angle adjustment under the vehicle to the electric inclination angle adjustment on the vehicle, and the structure can adjust the angle between the flaw detection sensor and the cross section of the steel rail 400 in a motor driving mode, and can adjust the inclination angle according to the change of the bottom slope of the line rail at any time and any place, so as to meet the change of the bottom slope of the line rail of different lines, thereby achieving the purpose of adjusting the angle of the flaw detection sensor in the vehicle in real time, well solving the problem of inconvenience in adjusting the inclination angle of the flaw detection sensor manually under the vehicle, reducing the working strength of an operator, and improving the convenience and safety of operation. Meanwhile, the original mechanical inclination angle adjusting frame structure is cancelled, the weight of the whole device is effectively reduced, and the light-weight requirement is met.
In the present embodiment, the tilt angle adjusting mechanism 25 has been described by taking as an example the angle adjusting manner of the single-side integrated probe wheel (i.e. the flaw detection sensor 8) in which the link mechanism 26 performs yaw in cooperation with electric angle adjustment, and the other examples are as follows: the adjusting device which adopts the angle adjustment of the single flaw detection sensor 8, the pneumatic angle adjustment and the like to realize the purpose of adjusting the angle between the flaw detection sensor 8 and the rail surface of the steel rail 400 is an alternative scheme.
In the above embodiments 1-2, the combination of the guide post and the guide sleeve (i.e. the first guide post 19 and the first guide sleeve 20, and the second guide post 30 and the second guide sleeve 31) can further adopt alternative structures such as a combination of a slide block and a guide rail, and a combination of a gear and a rack to realize the function of a sliding pair. The combination of the guide rail and the slide block (namely the translation guide rail 16 and the slide block 17) can further adopt alternative structures such as guide pillar and guide sleeve combination, gear and rack combination and the like to realize the function of a sliding pair. The transverse adjusting mechanism 5, the first lifting mechanism 9, the tilt angle adjusting mechanism 25 and the second lifting mechanism 27 may be specifically in the form of an oil cylinder, an air cylinder, an electric cylinder or a motor drive.
By implementing the technical scheme of the flaw detection device described in the specific embodiment of the invention, the following technical effects can be produced:
(1) the flaw detection device described in the specific embodiment of the invention adjusts the position of the flaw detection sensor by controlling the transverse driving of the servo motor, fixes the relative position of the steel rail and the flaw detection sensor by adopting a middle single rail wheel centering structure, and corrects the deviation between the flaw detection sensor and the central line of the steel rail, thereby fundamentally solving the technical problems that the flaw detection sensor in the existing flaw detection device cannot be accurately positively pressed at the center of the steel rail, the flaw detection bottom wave is easy to lose, and the detection effect is poor;
(2) the flaw detection device described in the specific embodiment of the invention adopts a middle single rail-leaning wheel centering structure, so that the rail-leaning wheel is always kept clinging to the inner side of a steel rail during operation, the mechanical centering of the whole device is realized, and meanwhile, the rail-leaning wheel is always pressed on a rail surface vertically, so that the stable and safe operation of the device is ensured; the device has the advantages that the device can ensure that a vehicle can quickly run during non-operation, improves the mechanical centering reliability and centering precision, has a compact and small rail structure, and effectively improves the passing capacity and automatic centering capacity of a small-radius curve of the device;
(3) the flaw detection device described in the specific embodiment of the invention adopts the flaw detection sensor inclination angle adjusting mechanism, and is changed from the original manual inclination angle adjustment under the vehicle to the electric inclination angle adjustment on the vehicle, the structure can adjust the angle between the flaw detection sensor and the cross section of the steel rail in a motor driving mode, and the inclination angle adjustment can be carried out according to the change of the bottom slope of the line rail at any time and any place so as to meet the change of the bottom slope of the line rail of different lines, thereby achieving the purpose of adjusting the angle of the flaw detection sensor in the vehicle in real time, well solving the problem of inconvenience in the manual adjustment of the inclination angle of the flaw detection sensor under the vehicle, lightening the working strength of an operator and improving the convenience and the safety; meanwhile, the original mechanical inclination angle adjusting frame structure is cancelled, the weight of the whole device is effectively reduced, and the light-weight requirement is met.
The embodiments are described in a progressive manner in the specification, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention in any manner. Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make many possible variations and modifications to the disclosed embodiments, or equivalent modifications, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, using the methods and techniques disclosed above. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent replacement, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a flaw detection device, installs in the automobile body below of rail flaw detection car which characterized in that includes: the device comprises an installation frame (1), a translation plate (4), a transverse adjusting mechanism (5), a bearing frame (6), a sensor installation unit (7), a flaw detection sensor (8), a first lifting mechanism (9), a second lifting mechanism (27), a rail wheel installation unit (10) and a rail wheel (28); the translation plate (4) is movably arranged on the bearing frame (6), and the bearing frame (6) is movably arranged on the mounting frame (1); one end of the transverse adjusting mechanism (5) is arranged on the bearing frame (6), and the other end of the transverse adjusting mechanism is connected to the translation plate (4); the flaw detection sensor (8) is arranged on a sensor mounting unit (7), and the sensor mounting unit (7) is arranged on the translation plate (4) in a hanging manner; one end of the first lifting mechanism (9) is mounted on the translation plate (4), and the other end of the first lifting mechanism is connected to the sensor mounting unit (7); the rail leaning wheel (28) is arranged on the rail leaning wheel mounting unit (10), the rail leaning wheel mounting unit (10) is mounted on the translation plate (4) in a hanging mode, and the flaw detection sensors (8) are mounted on two sides of the rail leaning wheel (28) in a hanging mode; one end of the second lifting mechanism (27) is installed on the translation plate (4), and the other end of the second lifting mechanism is connected to the rail wheel installation unit (10); the centering adjustment of the flaw detection sensor (8) is realized through the transverse adjusting mechanism (5), the ascending, descending and pressing of the flaw detection sensor (8) are realized through the first lifting mechanism (9), and the ascending, descending and pressing of the rail leaning wheel (28) are realized through the second lifting mechanism (27).
2. The flaw detection apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rail-leaning wheel (28) is mounted below the middle part of the translation plate (4) in a hanging mode through a rail-leaning wheel mounting unit (10), and the rail-leaning wheel mounting unit (10) comprises a rail-leaning wheel mounting frame (29), a second lifting guide column (30), a second lifting guide sleeve (31), a second fixed guide column (32), a second locking block (33) and a second connecting plate (34); the second lifting guide post (30) and the second fixed guide post (32) are parallel to each other and are vertically fixed below the translation plate (4), and the second connecting plate (34) is connected between the second lifting guide post (30) and the second fixed guide post (32); the second lifting guide sleeve (31) is sleeved outside the second lifting guide column (30), and the rail wheel mounting frame (29) is fixed on the second lifting guide sleeve (31); the rail leaning wheel (28) is fixed and hung on the lower part of the rail leaning wheel mounting frame (29) through a second locking block (33); the second lifting mechanism (27) drives the rail wheel mounting rack (29) and the second lifting guide sleeve (31) to slide on the second lifting guide post (30).
3. The flaw detection apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the flaw detection device (100) is connected with a bogie (300) of the steel rail flaw detection vehicle through a mounting frame (1), the mounting frame (1) comprises longitudinal beams (2) and cross beams (3), the two longitudinal beams (2) extending along the axial direction are parallel to each other and oppositely arranged along the transverse direction, and the two cross beams (3) parallel to each other and oppositely arranged along the axial direction are connected between the two longitudinal beams (2).
4. The flaw detection apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that: the bearing frame (6) is arranged on the cross beam (3) through a link mechanism (26), one end of the link mechanism (26) is hinged with the cross beam (3), and the other end of the link mechanism is hinged to the bearing frame (6); the horizontal adjusting mechanism is characterized in that a translation guide rail (16) is transversely arranged on the bearing frame (6), a sliding block (17) is arranged at the lower part of the translation plate (4), the sliding block (17) and the translation guide rail (16) form a moving pair, and the transverse position of the translation plate (4) is adjusted through the extension and retraction of the transverse adjusting mechanism (5).
5. The flaw detection apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that: the bearing frame (6) is arranged between the two cross beams (3) through a connecting rod mechanism (26), and the bearing frame (6) is positioned below the middle part of the translation plate (4); one flaw detection sensor (8) is arranged below the bearing frame (6) in a hanging mode through a sensor mounting unit (7), and the other flaw detection sensors (8) are arranged below two sides of the bearing frame (6) in a hanging mode.
6. The flaw detection apparatus according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: the longitudinal beam (2) comprises a rectangular beam (11), a spline bushing (12) and a connecting arm (13), and one end of the rectangular beam (11) is connected with the spline bushing (12) and then connected to the axle box (200) through an axle box end cover (15); the other end of the rectangular beam (11) is connected with the connecting arm (13) and then is connected to the axle box (200) through the axle box end cover (15).
7. The flaw detection apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that: and an elastic bushing (14) is arranged at a mounting hole for connecting the rectangular beam (11) and the cross beam (3).
8. The flaw detection apparatus according to claim 1, 2, 4, 5, or 7, characterized in that: when the vehicle is in an operating state, the rail leaning wheel (28) is lowered and placed on the rail surface of the steel rail (400) by operating the second lifting mechanism (27), then the transverse adjusting mechanism (5) acts towards the outer side of the steel rail (400), the wheel rim of the rail leaning wheel (28) is enabled to be in contact with the inner side of the rail surface of the steel rail (400), the rail leaning wheel (28) is enabled to be always kept in close contact with the inner side of the steel rail (400) through the continuous acting force of the transverse adjusting mechanism (5), and the mechanical centering of the whole flaw detection device (100) is achieved; meanwhile, a certain positive pressure is exerted in the vertical direction through the second lifting mechanism (27), so that the rail leaning wheel (28) is always positively pressed on the rail surface of the steel rail (400); when the vehicle is in a non-operation state, the acting force of the transverse adjusting mechanism (5) towards the outer side of the steel rail (400) is relieved, and the rail leaning wheel (28) is lifted up through the second lifting mechanism (27), so that the rapid running of the vehicle is ensured.
9. The flaw detection apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that: the flaw detection sensor (8) is mounted below the translation plate (4) in a hanging mode through a sensor mounting unit (7), and the sensor mounting unit (7) comprises a sensor mounting frame (18), a first lifting guide pillar (19), a first lifting guide sleeve (20), a first fixing guide pillar (21), a first locking block (22) and a first connecting plate (23); the first lifting guide post (19) and the first fixed guide post (21) are parallel to each other and are vertically fixed below the translation plate (4), and the first connecting plate (23) is connected between the first lifting guide post (19) and the first fixed guide post (21); the first lifting guide sleeve (20) is sleeved outside the first lifting guide column (19), and the sensor mounting frame (18) is fixed on the first lifting guide sleeve (20); the flaw detection sensor (8) is fixedly and suspendedly mounted at the lower part of the sensor mounting frame (18) through a first locking block (22), and one end of the first lifting mechanism (10) is connected to the sensor mounting frame (18); the first lifting mechanism (10) drives the sensor mounting frame (18) and the first lifting guide sleeve (20) to slide on the first lifting guide pillar (19), so that the flaw detection sensor (8) is lifted and pressed down.
10. The flaw detection apparatus according to claim 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, or 9, characterized in that: the flaw detection device (100) further comprises an inclination angle adjusting mechanism (25), one end of the inclination angle adjusting mechanism (25) is hinged to the bearing frame (6), the other end of the inclination angle adjusting mechanism is hinged to the installation frame (1), and the included angle between the bearing frame (6) and the horizontal plane of the steel rail (400) is adjusted through stretching of the inclination angle adjusting mechanism (25).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011362153.2A CN112362742A (en) | 2020-11-27 | 2020-11-27 | Flaw detection device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011362153.2A CN112362742A (en) | 2020-11-27 | 2020-11-27 | Flaw detection device |
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| CN112362742A true CN112362742A (en) | 2021-02-12 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202011362153.2A Pending CN112362742A (en) | 2020-11-27 | 2020-11-27 | Flaw detection device |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113002574A (en) * | 2021-03-22 | 2021-06-22 | 神华新朔铁路有限责任公司 | Centering system, centering method and controller for steel rail flaw detection vehicle |
| CN113022606A (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2021-06-25 | 神华新朔铁路有限责任公司 | Steel rail flaw detection trolley and steel rail flaw detection locomotive |
| CN113022641A (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2021-06-25 | 神华新朔铁路有限责任公司 | Track flaw detection mechanism and track flaw detection vehicle |
| CN113406088A (en) * | 2021-05-10 | 2021-09-17 | 同济大学 | Fixed point type steel box girder crack development observation device |
| CN114852125A (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2022-08-05 | 南京派光高速载运智慧感知研究院有限公司 | Rail flaw detection adjusting system |
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2020
- 2020-11-27 CN CN202011362153.2A patent/CN112362742A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113002574A (en) * | 2021-03-22 | 2021-06-22 | 神华新朔铁路有限责任公司 | Centering system, centering method and controller for steel rail flaw detection vehicle |
| CN113002574B (en) * | 2021-03-22 | 2022-08-19 | 神华新朔铁路有限责任公司 | Centering system, centering method and controller for steel rail flaw detection vehicle |
| CN113022606A (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2021-06-25 | 神华新朔铁路有限责任公司 | Steel rail flaw detection trolley and steel rail flaw detection locomotive |
| CN113022641A (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2021-06-25 | 神华新朔铁路有限责任公司 | Track flaw detection mechanism and track flaw detection vehicle |
| CN113406088A (en) * | 2021-05-10 | 2021-09-17 | 同济大学 | Fixed point type steel box girder crack development observation device |
| CN114852125A (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2022-08-05 | 南京派光高速载运智慧感知研究院有限公司 | Rail flaw detection adjusting system |
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