CN112362521B - Method for checking sensor in high-temperature high-pressure rock true triaxial test - Google Patents
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Abstract
A method for checking a sensor in a high-temperature high-pressure rock true triaxial test comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: calibrating a target sensor; step two: mounting the sample assembly to a true triaxial tester and connecting a target sensor and a temperature sensor; step three: carrying out pressure adding and releasing circulation under each temperature node in the temperature rising process from the room temperature to the set maximum temperature; step four: carrying out pressure adding and releasing circulation under each temperature node in the process of cooling from the set highest temperature to the room temperature; step five: disconnecting the target sensor and the temperature sensor and moving the sample assembly out of the true triaxial tester; step six: and (6) data processing. When the rigid-flexible high-temperature high-pressure rock true triaxial tester is used for carrying out rock mechanical test, the influences of high temperature and high pressure on sensors such as displacement, pressure and acoustic emission can be checked, and relevant functions and influence coefficients can be obtained, so that the influences of high temperature and high pressure on test results can be eliminated in the subsequent rock mechanical test process, and the accuracy and reliability of the test results are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of rock mechanics and engineering, and particularly relates to a method for checking a sensor in a high-temperature high-pressure rock true triaxial test.
Background
In the field of rock mechanics, a high-temperature and high-pressure rock true triaxial mechanical test is one of important means for exploring deep rock mechanical properties, and the high-temperature and high-pressure rock true triaxial mechanical test has an indispensable effect in researches such as geothermal or oil gas development, high-geothermal disaster prevention and control in a deep tunnel and the like.
At present, the high-temperature high-pressure rock true triaxial tester mainly comprises two types of full rigid and rigid-flexible mixing, wherein the rigid-flexible mixing type high-temperature high-pressure rock true triaxial tester is widely applied.
Taking a rigid-flexible mixed rock high-temperature high-pressure true triaxial tester as an example, in the test process, confining pressure is flexible loading force applied through hydraulic pressure, temperature is high-temperature loading carried out through a heating box filled with pressurized liquid, and hydraulic pressure and high temperature can affect various sensors such as a displacement sensor, a pressure sensor and an acoustic emission sensor used in a rock mechanics experiment, so that errors can be generated on a deformation measurement value, a pressure measurement value, an acoustic emission ringing count and a true value in the rock mechanics experiment process, and the feedback of various sensors to a true triaxial tester control system in the test process and the accuracy degree in the loading process can be affected.
Therefore, when a rock mechanics test is performed using a rigid-flexible high-temperature high-pressure rock true triaxial tester, it is necessary to eliminate the influence of high temperature and high pressure on the sensor.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for checking a sensor in a high-temperature high-pressure rock true triaxial test, which can check the influence of high temperature and high pressure on various sensors for rock mechanics tests such as a displacement sensor, a pressure sensor, an acoustic emission sensor and the like when a rigid-flexible mixed type high-temperature high-pressure rock true triaxial tester is used for performing a rock mechanics test, obtain a related function and an influence coefficient, and eliminate the influence of high temperature and high pressure on a test result in the subsequent rock mechanics test process through the obtained influence function, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the test result.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a method for checking a sensor in a high-temperature high-pressure rock true triaxial test comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: calibrating a target sensor;
step two: mounting the sample assembly to a true triaxial tester and connecting a target sensor and a temperature sensor;
step three: carrying out pressure adding and releasing circulation under each temperature node in the temperature rising process from the room temperature to the set maximum temperature;
step four: carrying out pressure adding and releasing circulation under each temperature node in the process of cooling from the set highest temperature to the room temperature;
step five: disconnecting the target sensor and the temperature sensor and moving the sample assembly out of the true triaxial tester;
step six: and (6) data processing.
The specific operation steps of the first step are as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: preparing a target sensor calibration instrument;
step two: mounting a target sensor on a target sensor calibrator, and accessing the target sensor into a true triaxial control system;
step three: performing double zero clearing on the readings of the target sensor calibration instrument and the true triaxial test instrument control system;
step IV: measuring the target sensor in the target sensor calibrator at the same step length or interval, and simultaneously recording the reading at each measuring node on the control system of the target sensor calibrator and the true triaxial tester;
step five: and taking the reading of the target sensor calibrator as a true value, taking the reading of a control system of the true triaxial test instrument as a measured value, and fitting the measured value of the target sensor with the true value to verify the reading reliability of the target sensor.
The specific operation steps of the second step are as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: preparing an Inclusion steel block and an interlocking type clamp, wherein the Inclusion steel block is used for simulating a sample, combining the Inclusion steel block and the interlocking type clamp together, and then combining a target sensor with the Inclusion steel block and the interlocking type clamp together to form a sample combination body, or independently installing the target sensor at a specified position in a true triaxial tester;
step two: installing a temperature sensor in the middle of the sample assembly, and then sending the sample assembly provided with the temperature sensor into a true triaxial tester;
step three: connecting a target sensor and a temperature sensor into a control system of a true triaxial tester, then adjusting the target sensor to be within a test range, then completing the packaging of a heating box, and finally putting down a clamp holder;
step IV: and sealing the true triaxial tester, finishing liquid filling, exhausting all bubbles in the loading bin and the heating box, and recording a target measurement initial value after the target sensor is stabilized at normal temperature and 0MPa and a temperature measurement initial value of the temperature sensor.
The third step comprises the following specific operation steps:
the method comprises the following steps: starting pressure loading, performing pressure loading and pressure relief circulation on the sample assembly according to a small-large-small change rule of a pressure value at room temperature, and recording a target measurement value after each level of pressure of the target sensor is stabilized at room temperature;
step two: starting heating, carrying out temperature loading control through a temperature sensor, heating the temperature in a heating box to 40 ℃ and keeping the temperature stable, and then recording a target measurement value of a target sensor and a temperature measurement value of the temperature sensor;
step three: carrying out pressure adding and releasing cycle on the sample assembly according to the change rule of 'small-large-small' of the pressure value at 40 ℃, and recording the target measurement value after the target sensor is stabilized at each level of pressure at 40 ℃;
step IV: and starting temperature rise until the temperature rises to a set maximum temperature, when the temperature is lower than 100 ℃, raising the temperature by using a temperature gradient of 20 ℃, when the temperature exceeds 100 ℃, raising the temperature by using a temperature gradient of 30 ℃, performing pressure increasing and pressure releasing circulation on the sample assembly according to a change rule of small-large-small at the pressure value of each temperature gradient node, and recording a target measured value after the target sensor is stabilized at each level of pressure at each temperature gradient node.
The specific operation steps of the fourth step are as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: starting cooling until the temperature is reduced to 40 ℃ from the set highest temperature, cooling with a temperature gradient of 30 ℃ when the temperature exceeds 100 ℃, cooling with a temperature gradient of 20 ℃ when the temperature is lower than 100 ℃, performing pressure adding and releasing circulation on the sample assembly according to the change rule of small-large-small at the pressure value of each temperature gradient node, and recording the target measurement value after the target sensor is stabilized at each level of pressure at each temperature gradient node;
step two: and (3) closing heating until the temperature is reduced to room temperature and kept stable, performing pressure adding and releasing circulation on the sample assembly according to the change rule of small-large-small at the room temperature pressure value, and recording the target measurement value after each level of pressure is stable at the room temperature of the target sensor.
The concrete operation steps of the fifth step are as follows:
after the pressure adding and releasing cycle under each temperature node is completed, liquid is discharged, the clamp is lifted, the heating box is disassembled, the target sensor and the temperature sensor are disconnected, and finally the sample assembly is taken out from the true triaxial tester or the independently installed target sensor is taken out.
The concrete operation steps of the sixth step are as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: respectively subtracting the respective target measurement initial values from target measurement values obtained by the target sensors in the whole test process, and performing initial zeroing operation;
step two: fitting a curve and an influence function of the measurement data of the target sensor changing along with the temperature in the temperature rising and reducing processes under each pressure value according to the data after the zeroing;
step three: and fitting a curve and an influence function of the measured data of the target sensor along with the pressure change in the pressure increasing and reducing processes under each temperature gradient node according to the data after the zeroing.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the method for checking the sensor in the high-temperature high-pressure rock true triaxial test, when a rigid-flexible type high-temperature high-pressure rock true triaxial tester is used for carrying out rock mechanical tests, the influence of high temperature and high pressure on various sensors for the rock mechanical tests such as a displacement sensor, a pressure sensor and an acoustic emission sensor can be checked, a related function and an influence coefficient are obtained, the influence of high temperature and high pressure on test results can be eliminated in the subsequent rock mechanical test process through the obtained influence function, and the accuracy and reliability of the test results are further improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a displacement sensor calibrator in an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a front view of a sample assembly in the example;
FIG. 3 is a side view of a sample assembly in an example;
FIG. 4 is a plan view of a sample assembly in an example;
in the figure, 1 is a displacement sensor calibrator, 2 is a maximum principal stress direction displacement sensor, 3 is a middle principal stress direction displacement sensor, 4 is a minimum principal stress direction displacement sensor, 5 is a hard block, 6 is an interlocking clamp, and 7 is a temperature sensor.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the target sensor is a generic name of sensors such as a displacement sensor, a pressure sensor, and an acoustic emission sensor used in a rock mechanics experiment process, that is, a certain type of sensor aimed at when the method provided by the present invention is used for checking, and the target measurement value is a displacement measurement value, a pressure measurement value, or an acoustic emission measurement value.
For the convenience of understanding, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments by taking a displacement sensor as an example.
A method for checking a sensor in a high-temperature high-pressure rock true triaxial test comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the method for calibrating the displacement sensor comprises the following specific operation steps:
the method comprises the following steps: preparing a displacement sensor calibrator 1 shown in fig. 1;
step two: mounting the maximum principal stress direction displacement sensor 2 on a displacement sensor calibration instrument 1, and simultaneously connecting the maximum principal stress direction displacement sensor 2 into a control system of a true triaxial tester;
step three: the thimble of the displacement sensor calibrator 1 is controlled to extend out, the displacement sensor 2 in the direction of the maximum main stress is compressed to deform, the reading displayed in the control system of the true triaxial tester is 0mm, and then the readings of the displacement sensor calibrator 1 and the control system of the true triaxial tester are reset;
step IV: controlling the extension of a thimble of a displacement sensor calibrator 1, taking 0mm as a starting point, taking displacement nodes every 0.2mm until the displacement sensor 2 in the direction of the maximum principal stress is adjusted to the maximum positive range (+2.5mm), then taking the point of the maximum positive range as the starting point, and taking the displacement nodes every 0.2mm until the displacement sensor 2 in the direction of the maximum principal stress is adjusted to the maximum negative range (-2.5mm), and finally taking the point of the maximum negative range as the starting point, and taking the displacement nodes every 0.2mm as well until the displacement sensor 2 in the direction of the maximum principal stress is adjusted to a reading position of 0 mm; simultaneously, recording the reading at each displacement node on the displacement sensor calibrator 1 and the control system of the true triaxial tester; finally, repeating the step two to the step four, wherein the difference is that the displacement sensor 2 in the direction of the maximum principal stress is respectively replaced by a displacement sensor 3 in the direction of the middle principal stress and a displacement sensor 4 in the direction of the minimum principal stress;
step five: taking the reading of the displacement sensor calibrator 1 as a true displacement value, taking the reading of a control system of a true triaxial test instrument as a displacement measurement value, and fitting the displacement measurement values of the three displacement sensors with the true displacement value to verify the reading reliability of the three displacement sensors; specifically, the fitting function obtained is as follows:
L1＝1.0022x1-0.0032mm(R21) and-0.25 mm ≤ x1≤+0.25mm；
L2＝1.0022x2-0.0034mm(R21) and-0.25 mm ≤ x2≤+0.25mm；
L3＝1.0022x3-0.0033mm(R21) and-0.25 mm ≤ x3≤+0.25mm；
In the formula, L1Is the displacement measured value, x, of the displacement sensor 2 in the direction of maximum principal stress1Is the true value of the displacement, L, of the displacement sensor 2 in the direction of the maximum principal stress2Is the displacement measured value, x, of the intermediate principal stress direction displacement sensor 32Is the true value of the displacement, L, of the intermediate principal stress direction displacement sensor 33Is the displacement measured value, x, of the displacement sensor 4 in the direction of least principal stress3The real displacement value of the displacement sensor 4 in the direction of the minimum principal stress is shown, and R is a fitting coefficient;
the slope is basically 1 and the intercept is extremely small through the fitting function, so that the difference between the displacement measurement values of the three displacement sensors and the displacement true values can be judged to be extremely small, and the reading reliability is good;
step two: installing the sample assembly to a true triaxial tester and connecting a displacement sensor and a temperature sensor, wherein the specific operation steps are as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: preparing a hard block 5 and an interlocking type clamp 6, wherein the hard block 5 is used for simulating a sample, combining the hard block 5 and the interlocking type clamp 6 together, and combining the maximum principal stress direction displacement sensor 2, the middle principal stress direction displacement sensor 3 and the minimum principal stress direction displacement sensor 4 with the hard block 5 and the interlocking type clamp 6 together to finally form a sample assembly shown in fig. 2-4; specifically, the sizes of the hard blocks 5 are 50mm × 50mm × 100 mm;
step two: a temperature sensor 7 is arranged in the middle of the sample combination body, and then the sample combination body provided with the temperature sensor 7 is sent into a true triaxial tester;
step three: connecting a maximum principal stress direction displacement sensor 2, a middle principal stress direction displacement sensor 3, a minimum principal stress direction displacement sensor 4 and a temperature sensor 7 into a control system of a true triaxial tester, then adjusting the elongation of contact pins of the three displacement sensors to enable the three displacement sensors to be in a test range, then completing the packaging of a heating box, and finally, lowering a clamp holder;
step IV: sealing the true triaxial tester and completing liquid filling, exhausting all bubbles in the loading bin and the heating box, and then recording initial displacement values of the three displacement sensors after the three displacement sensors are stabilized at normal temperature and 0MPa and initial temperature values of the temperature sensors 7;
step three: and carrying out pressure adding and releasing circulation under each temperature node in the temperature rising process from the room temperature to the set maximum temperature, wherein the specific operation steps are as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: starting pressure loading, performing pressure adding and releasing circulation on the sample assembly according to the change rule of 'small-large-small' of the pressure value at room temperature, and recording the displacement measurement value of the three displacement sensors after each level of pressure is stable at room temperature; specifically, the change rule of the pressure value is 10-20-30-40-50-60-50-40-30-20-10 MPa;
step two: starting heating, carrying out temperature loading control through a temperature sensor 7, heating the temperature in the heating box to 40 ℃ and keeping the temperature stable, and then recording displacement measurement values of the three displacement sensors and temperature measurement values of the temperature sensors;
step three: carrying out pressure adding and releasing cycle on the sample assembly according to the change rule of 'small-large-small' of the pressure value at 40 ℃, and recording the displacement measurement value of three displacement sensors after the three displacement sensors are stabilized at each level of pressure at 40 ℃; specifically, the change rule of the pressure value is 10-20-30-40-50-60-50-40-30-20-10 MPa;
step IV: starting temperature rise until the temperature rises to a set maximum temperature (250 ℃), raising the temperature with a temperature gradient of 20 ℃ when the temperature is lower than 100 ℃, raising the temperature with a temperature gradient of 30 ℃ when the temperature exceeds 100 ℃, performing pressure increasing and pressure releasing circulation on the sample assembly according to a small-large-small change rule at each temperature gradient node, and recording displacement measurement values after the three displacement sensors are stabilized at each level of pressure at each temperature gradient node; specifically, the change rule of the pressure value is 10-20-30-40-50-60-50-40-30-20-10 MPa;
step four: the method comprises the following steps of carrying out pressure adding and releasing circulation under each temperature node in the cooling process from the set highest temperature to the room temperature, wherein the specific operation steps are as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: starting cooling until the temperature is reduced to 40 ℃ from the set highest temperature (250 ℃), cooling with a temperature gradient of 30 ℃ when the temperature exceeds 100 ℃, cooling with a temperature gradient of 20 ℃ when the temperature is lower than 100 ℃, performing pressure relief circulation on the sample assembly according to the change rule of small-large-small at each temperature gradient node, and recording the displacement measurement value after the pressure of each level is stabilized by the three displacement sensors at each temperature gradient node; specifically, the change rule of the pressure value is 10-20-30-40-50-60-50-40-30-20-10 MPa;
step two: closing heating until the temperature is reduced to room temperature and kept stable, performing pressure adding and releasing cycle on the sample assembly according to the change rule of small-large-small at the room temperature pressure value, and recording the displacement measurement value of each level of pressure stabilized by the three displacement sensors at the room temperature; specifically, the change rule of the pressure value is 10-20-30-40-50-60-50-40-30-20-10 MPa;
step five: disconnecting the displacement sensor and the temperature sensor and moving the sample assembly out of the true triaxial tester, and the specific operation steps are as follows:
after the pressure adding and releasing cycle under each temperature node is completed, discharging liquid, then lifting the clamp, disassembling the heating box, then disconnecting the displacement sensor and the temperature sensor, and finally taking out the sample assembly from the true triaxial tester;
step six: fitting out a curve and an influence function of displacement data of the displacement sensor along with temperature change under each pressure, and specifically comprising the following operation steps:
the method comprises the following steps: respectively subtracting the respective displacement initial values from the displacement measurement values obtained by the three displacement sensors in the whole test process, and performing initial zeroing operation;
step two: fitting curves and influence functions of the displacement data of the three displacement sensors, which change along with the temperature in the temperature rising and cooling processes under each pressure value, according to the data after the zero setting; specifically, taking the maximum principal stress direction displacement sensor 2 as an example, and taking the node of the pressure value as 10MPa as an example, the obtained influence function is as follows:
and (3) heating process: d is 0.87T-37.4 um (R)20.9992) and T is more than or equal to 250 ℃ at room temperature;
and (3) cooling: d is 0.89T-36.5 μm (R)20.9875) and T is more than or equal to 250 ℃ at room temperature;
in the formula, d is a measured value of the displacement sensor, T is a temperature value, and R is a fitting coefficient;
step three: fitting curves and influence functions of displacement data of the three displacement sensors, which change along with pressure in the pressure increasing and reducing processes under each temperature gradient node, according to the data after the zeroing; specifically, taking the maximum principal stress direction displacement sensor 2 as an example, and taking the temperature gradient node as 80 ℃ as an example, the obtained influence function is as follows:
and (3) boosting: d ═ 0.51P +87.5 μm (R)20.9973), and P is more than or equal to 10MPa and less than or equal to 60 MPa;
and (3) a pressure reduction process: d ═ 0.48P +84.2 μm (R)20.9568) and P is more than or equal to 10MPa and less than or equal to 60 MPa;
wherein d is the measured value of the displacement sensor, P is the pressure value, R2Are fitting coefficients.
The embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent implementations or modifications without departing from the scope of the present invention are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A method for checking a sensor in a high-temperature high-pressure rock true triaxial test is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following specific operation steps of calibrating a target sensor:
the method comprises the following steps: preparing a target sensor calibration instrument;
step two: mounting a target sensor on a target sensor calibrator, and accessing the target sensor into a true triaxial control system;
step three: performing double zero clearing on the readings of the target sensor calibration instrument and the true triaxial test instrument control system;
step IV: measuring the target sensor in the target sensor calibrator at the same step length or interval, and simultaneously recording the reading at each measuring node on the control system of the target sensor calibrator and the true triaxial tester;
step five: taking the reading of the target sensor calibrator as a true value, taking the reading of a control system of a true triaxial test instrument as a measured value, and fitting the measured value of the target sensor with the true value to verify the reading reliability of the target sensor;
step two: installing the sample assembly to a true triaxial tester and connecting a target sensor and a temperature sensor, wherein the specific operation steps are as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: preparing an Inclusion steel block and an interlocking type clamp, wherein the Inclusion steel block is used for simulating a sample, combining the Inclusion steel block and the interlocking type clamp together, and then combining a target sensor with the Inclusion steel block and the interlocking type clamp together to form a sample combination body, or independently installing the target sensor at a specified position in a true triaxial tester;
step two: installing a temperature sensor in the middle of the sample assembly, and then sending the sample assembly provided with the temperature sensor into a true triaxial tester;
step three: connecting a target sensor and a temperature sensor into a control system of a true triaxial tester, then adjusting the target sensor to be within a test range, then completing the packaging of a heating box, and finally putting down a clamp holder;
step IV: sealing the true triaxial tester and completing liquid filling, exhausting all bubbles in the loading bin and the heating box, and then recording a target measurement initial value after the target sensor is stabilized at normal temperature and 0MPa and a temperature measurement initial value of the temperature sensor;
step three: and carrying out pressure adding and releasing circulation under each temperature node in the temperature rising process from the room temperature to the set maximum temperature, wherein the specific operation steps are as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: starting pressure loading, performing pressure loading and pressure relief circulation on the sample assembly according to a small-large-small change rule of a pressure value at room temperature, and recording a target measurement value after each level of pressure of the target sensor is stabilized at room temperature;
step two: starting heating, carrying out temperature loading control through a temperature sensor, heating the temperature in a heating box to 40 ℃ and keeping the temperature stable, and then recording a target measurement value of a target sensor and a temperature measurement value of the temperature sensor;
step three: carrying out pressure adding and releasing cycle on the sample assembly according to the change rule of 'small-large-small' of the pressure value at 40 ℃, and recording the target measurement value after the target sensor is stabilized at each level of pressure at 40 ℃;
step IV: starting temperature rise until the temperature rises to a set maximum temperature, when the temperature is lower than 100 ℃, raising the temperature by using a temperature gradient of 20 ℃, when the temperature exceeds 100 ℃, raising the temperature by using a temperature gradient of 30 ℃, and performing pressure adding and releasing circulation on the sample assembly according to a change rule of small-large-small at the pressure value of each temperature gradient node, and recording a target measurement value after the target sensor is stabilized at each level of pressure at each temperature gradient node;
step four: the method comprises the following steps of carrying out pressure adding and releasing circulation under each temperature node in the cooling process from the set highest temperature to the room temperature, wherein the specific operation steps are as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: starting cooling until the temperature is reduced to 40 ℃ from the set highest temperature, cooling with a temperature gradient of 30 ℃ when the temperature exceeds 100 ℃, cooling with a temperature gradient of 20 ℃ when the temperature is lower than 100 ℃, performing pressure adding and releasing circulation on the sample assembly according to the change rule of small-large-small at the pressure value of each temperature gradient node, and recording the target measurement value after the target sensor is stabilized at each level of pressure at each temperature gradient node;
step two: closing heating until the temperature is reduced to room temperature and kept stable, performing pressure adding and releasing circulation on the sample assembly according to the change rule of 'small-large-small' of the pressure value at the room temperature, and recording the target measurement value after each level of pressure of the target sensor is stable at the room temperature;
step five: disconnecting the target sensor and the temperature sensor and moving the sample assembly out of the true triaxial tester, and the specific operation steps are as follows:
after the pressure adding and releasing cycle under each temperature node is completed, discharging liquid, then lifting the clamp, disassembling the heating box, then disconnecting the target sensor and the temperature sensor, and finally taking out the sample assembly from the true triaxial tester or taking out the independently installed target sensor;
step six: the data processing method comprises the following specific operation steps:
the method comprises the following steps: respectively subtracting the respective target measurement initial values from target measurement values obtained by the target sensors in the whole test process, and performing initial zeroing operation;
step two: fitting a curve and an influence function of the measurement data of the target sensor changing along with the temperature in the temperature rising and reducing processes under each pressure value according to the data after the zeroing;
step three: and fitting a curve and an influence function of the measured data of the target sensor along with the pressure change in the pressure increasing and reducing processes under each temperature gradient node according to the data after the zeroing.
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