CN112362353B - H2O2Method for accurately predicting performance of igniter of catalytic bed - Google Patents
H2O2Method for accurately predicting performance of igniter of catalytic bed Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of solid-liquid hybrid rocket engine ignition, and relates to an H2O2A method for accurately predicting the performance of an igniter of a catalytic bed, the method comprising the steps of: h for acquiring igniter outlet airflow based on laser absorption spectrum technology2O molecular absorption spectrum information is calculated according to the O molecular absorption spectrum information to obtain the gas flow temperature and H at the outlet of the igniter2O molecule concentration by analyzing gas flow information such as temperature rise curve, H2Change in O molecule concentration, etc., and quantitative analysis of H2O2The decomposition efficiency through the catalytic bed, and thus H2O2Quantitative evaluation of the ignition performance of the catalyst bed. The invention is achieved by the reaction of H2O2The method is different from the existing contact type measuring methods such as a thermocouple, a pressure sensor and the like, has the advantages of high sensitivity, high time response, non-contact measurement and the like, is simpler, has low cost and small environmental dependence, and can be used as H2O2Conventional means of catalytic bed igniter performance evaluation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of solid-liquid hybrid rocket engine ignition, and particularly relates to H2O2Catalytic bed igniter performance is a precise predictor of methods and embodiments.
Background
The rocket engine is the heart of the rocket and is the core support for the development of human aerospace industry. The solid-liquid hybrid rocket engine is an important development direction of the current rocket propulsion technology, and has wide application prospect based on the unique structural characteristics. The solid-liquid hybrid rocket engine combines the structural characteristics of a solid engine and a liquid engine, and stores fuel and oxidant in different phases separately, wherein the solid-liquid hybrid rocket engine taking solid fuel and gas/liquid oxidant as a combination is the most widely researched. Compared with the conventional solid engine and liquid engine, the special structure has the advantages of high safety, low cost, environmental protection, adjustable thrust, capability of realizing repeated starting and the like.
In recent years, H has been reduced2O2As an oxidant, it has become a hot research point for solid-liquid engines. The main reasons are that: h2O2High density compared with liquid oxygen, no toxicity, and storage at room temperature2O2The product of combustion with hydrocarbon fuel is clean and has no pollution to environment. When the engine is in operation, H2O2The catalytic decomposition can generate high-temperature oxygen and water vapor, and the solid fuel can be directly ignited. H2O2The solid-liquid rocket engine can realize self-starting by the characteristics, namely, the ignition of the engine can be realized only depending on the catalytic decomposition heat release characteristic without adopting a special igniter, so that the simplification of an engine system is realized. However, in practical application, there are many technical problems to overcome: for example, at engine start-up, if the catalytic efficiency of the catalytic bed is not high enough, i.e. the rate of temperature rise is too slow, this may result in H in the combustion chamber2O2Liquid accumulation when reaching the fuel ignition point due to H2O2The presence of liquid loading is highly likely to cause explosion of the engine combustion chamber.
Against this background, it is of great importance to be able to predict the performance of the igniter of the catalytic bed precisely by effective means. For H at present2O2The performance evaluation of the igniter of the catalytic bed mainly depends on traditional means such as a thermocouple, a pressure sensor and the like. However, the thermocouple is usually a single-point measurement, and lacks spatial resolution, and its time response is low, and the resolution of the chemical reaction degree is not enough, and in addition, the contact measurement method will interfere the flow field, and the reason is determined by the traditional methodIt is difficult to realize H2O2Accurate evaluation of catalytic bed igniter performance. Therefore, how to develop an H2O2Method for accurately predicting the performance of an igniter of a catalytic bed to achieve H2O2The accurate prediction of the ignition performance of the catalytic bed has important practical significance.
Disclosure of Invention
Application of contact type measuring means existing in the prior art such as thermocouple, pressure sensor and the like to H2O2Short plate and deficiency of catalytic bed igniter performance, the invention aims to provide an intuitive, sensitive, non-contact and easy-to-realize H based on laser absorption spectroscopy technology2O2A method for accurately predicting the performance of an igniter of a catalytic bed is based on the accurate measurement of high-temperature gas flow parameters (temperature, water vapor concentration and the like) at the outlet of the igniter to realize H2O2By quantitative evaluation of the decomposition efficiency of the catalytic bed, H is achieved2O2An accurate indication of the ignition properties of the catalyst bed.
The spectroscopic method is used as a non-contact measuring method, obtains a flow field signal by utilizing radiation transition of flow field atoms or molecular components, and has a very high application prospect. The non-contact spectral measurement method represented by the laser absorption spectrum technology has the capability of multi-parameter real-time diagnosis of the flow field and the advantage of no interference to the flow field, and is one of ideal means for high-temperature flow field diagnosis.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
h2O2The method for accurately predicting the performance of the igniter of the catalytic bed specifically comprises the following steps:
(a) igniting the solid-liquid engine: igniter measurement and control system control H2O2Into the igniter of the catalytic bed H2O2Generating H after catalytic decomposition by silver mesh2O、O2The high-temperature mixed gas is sprayed out through an injector to realize the ignition of the solid-liquid engine;
(b) acquiring spectral information: the TDLAS signal modulation and data processing module enables the laser to output laser signals with given scanning frequency and wavelength through current modulation and temperature modulation; the output laser signal is divided into two paths of a light path 1 and a light path 2 through a one-to-two optical fiber;
(c) analyzing the airflow information: the voltage signal of the optical path 2 is combined with the calibration signal of the optical path 1 to be comprehensively analyzed and processed by a data processing terminal to obtain the static temperature and H of the airflow along the outlet of the injector2Real-time change of O molecule concentration and analysis of gas flow information to realize H2O2Quantitative assessment of the decomposition efficiency of the igniter across the catalytic bed.
Further, the specific steps of acquiring the spectral information in the step (b) are as follows:
b1, calibration signal measurement of optical path 1: the optical path 1 is collimated through a collimating lens a, and the optical path 1 calibrates the time scale-frequency scale relation of the generated laser signal through a Fabry-Perot interferometer and outputs the time scale-frequency scale relation to a TDLAS signal modulation and data processing module;
b2, voltage signal measurement of optical path 2: the light path 2 is collimated through a collimating lens b, the light path 2 is tightly attached to an injector outlet, vertically penetrates through high-temperature airflow, is filtered and focused by a laser receiving end and then is transmitted to a photoelectric detector, and a transmitted laser signal is subjected to photoelectric conversion by the photoelectric detector, is converted into a voltage signal and is transmitted to a TDLAS signal modulation and data processing module;
h2O2A system for accurately predicting the performance of an igniter of a catalytic bed, comprising: an igniter measuring and controlling system, a catalytic bed igniter, a light path detecting system a, a light path measuring system b, a TDLAS signal modulation and data processing module and a data processing terminal,
the igniter measurement and control system passes through H2O2The device comprises a conveying pipeline, a catalytic bed igniter, a plurality of layers of silver nets, an injector, a TDLAS signal modulation and data processing module, a laser, a one-to-two optical fiber and a data processing terminal, wherein the conveying pipeline is connected with the catalytic bed igniter, the multilayer silver nets are arranged inside the catalytic bed igniter, the injector is installed at the tail of the catalytic bed igniter, the TDLAS signal modulation and data processing module is connected with the laser, the laser is connected with the one-to-two optical fiber, the one-to-two optical fiber is respectively connected with the TDLAS signal modulation and data processing module through an optical path detection system a, an optical path measurement system b and the TDLAS signal modulation and data processing module, and the data processing terminal is respectively connected with an igniter measurement and control system and the TDLAS signal modulation and data processing module.
Further, the specific structural design of the optical path detection system a and the optical path measurement system b is as follows:
the optical path detection system a is provided with an optical fiber a, one-in-two optical fibers are connected with the optical fiber a through a collimating lens a, and the optical fiber a is connected with a TDLAS signal modulation and data processing module through a Fabry-Perot interferometer;
the optical path measurement system b is provided with an optical fiber b, the optical fiber b is arranged close to an injector outlet, one-in-two optical fibers are connected with the optical fiber b through a collimating lens b, the optical fiber b vertically penetrates through high-temperature airflow of the injector and then is connected with a laser receiving end, and the laser receiving end is connected with a TDLAS signal modulation and data processing module through an electric detector.
Furthermore, the igniter measurement and control system comprises a flowmeter, a pressure sensor and an H2O2The conveying pipeline is controlled by an igniter measurement and control system H2O2Supply and flow measurement, igniter internal pressure measurement.
Furthermore, the catalytic bed igniter is designed for a laboratory-grade small solid-liquid hybrid engine igniter and is made of stainless steel materials, a plurality of layers of silver nets are arranged in the catalytic bed igniter, an injector is mounted at the tail of the catalytic bed igniter, and H & ltSUB & gt2O2After passing through silver net, the catalyst is decomposed to release heat and generate high-temperature H2O and O2The ignition device can be used for igniting solid fuel of an engine, thereby realizing the ignition of the engine.
Furthermore, the silver net is made by extruding a plurality of layers of silver nets, the aperture of the screen mesh of the silver net is set to be 30-40 meshes, and the diameter of the silver net is set to be 0.2mm, so that H is realized2O2The catalytic decomposition reaction of the catalyst is carried out, and the temperature of the high-temperature mixed gas after catalytic decomposition can reach the ignition point of the fuel.
Further, the injector is set to be any one of a direct-current single-hole structure, a direct-current multi-hole structure or a rotational flow multi-hole structure, and the outlet size of the injector is determined according to the structural size of the solid-liquid hybrid rocket engine which is specifically equipped.
Furthermore, the TDLAS signal modulation and data processing module modulates laser signals of a laser center wavelength, a tuning wavelength range and a modulation frequency required by the laser output through current and temperature, and processes input signals of the photoelectric detector and the fabry-perot interferometer in real time.
Furthermore, the laser is set to be a DFB laser, the linewidth of a spectral line is less than 10MHz, and 4029.5cm of water molecules are covered in one scanning period-1、4030.6cm-1And 4030.7cm-1Three absorption lines.
Furthermore, the one-to-two optical fiber is used for splitting the laser beam, so that the experimental system is simplified.
Furthermore, the collimating lens b and the collimating lens a are arranged into cylindrical shape structures, the diameter of a cylinder is not more than 2.5mm, and the end face coupling characteristic is achieved. The convergence of incident laser on the end face of the optical fiber is realized, the coupling efficiency of the laser and the optical fiber can be effectively improved, the effective light passing diameter is more than 70% of the diameter of the lens, the light passing efficiency is ensured, and the light passing lens plays a role of a diaphragm, namely has the functions of filtering stray light and radiating and emitting influence; the optical measurement structure can be made compact.
Furthermore, the laser receiving end is arranged to be of a structure formed by combining an aperture diaphragm, a narrow-band filter and a focusing lens, and the aperture of the aperture diaphragm is adjustable within 5 mm; the central wavelength of the narrow-band filter is set to be 2.48 mu m, and the bandwidth is set to be 50 nm; the focusing lens is set to be a calcium fluoride or sapphire lens with the diameter of 10mm and the focal length of 5 mm.
Furthermore, the photoelectric detector is an indium gallium arsenic photoelectric detector, the applicable wavelength range is 800-2600nm, and the fixed gain or the adjustable gain is provided.
Further, the Fabry-Perot interferometer converts a monocycle laser signal with time s as a reference axis into a signal with wave number cm-1The laser signal is used as a reference axis for subsequent spectrum information extraction and laser wavelength calibration, the effective working range is 1800-2600nm, and the free spectral range FSR is 1.5 GHz.
Furthermore, the data processing terminal is a general name of a computer and analysis software, and the analysis software can be compiled based on C, C + +, Fortran, LabVIEW or PLC development environments, so that on one hand, parameter modulation and real-time control of an igniter measurement and control system and a TDLAS signal modulation and data processing module are realized, and on the other hand, the data processing terminal is used for analyzing and processing all acquired experimental data.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention utilizes the laser absorption spectrum technology to measure H2O2Catalytic bed igniter outlet gas stream temperature and water vapor concentration (H)2O2Catalytic decomposition reaction:
) By analysing gas flow information, e.g. temperature rise curve, H2Change in O molecule concentration, etc., and quantitative analysis of H2O2The decomposition efficiency through the catalytic bed, and thus H2O2Quantitative evaluation of the ignition performance of the catalyst bed. Compared with the existing contact type measuring means based on thermocouples and the like, the flow field is not interfered, and H can be directly reflected2O2The chemical reaction process of catalytic decomposition is more visual and accurate, and the sensitivity is higher.
(2) The invention has strong environmental adaptability and can be used for H based on catalytic heat protection by measuring the high-temperature airflow after catalytic decomposition without being influenced by the internal structure of an igniter and the like2O2A catalytic bed igniter.
(3) The measuring scheme based on the laser absorption spectrum is easy to construct, the measuring position is located at the outlet of the igniter, holes (relative to installation of a thermocouple and the like) are not required to be formed in the igniter, and the method has extremely strong adaptability and development potential.
(4) Water molecule 4029.5cm selected by the invention-1、4030.6cm-1And 4030.7cm-1Three absorption lines can be completely covered by using one DFB laser, so that the method is lower in cost and easier to realize in the aspect of an optical structure.
(5) The laser absorption spectrum technology based on the invention has the advantages that the absorption signal intensity is in direct proportion to the optical path, and the absorption signal intensity is in direct proportion to the H with larger size2O2The igniter of the catalytic bed can be used for measuring H more easily2O2Conventional means of catalytic bed igniter performance evaluation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an experimental system layout according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of raw data for an experimentally obtained TDLAS-beam 2 in an embodiment of the present invention;
wherein, 1, igniter measure and control system; 2. a catalyst bed igniter; 3. silver net; 4. an injector; 5. a TDLAS signal modulation and data processing module; 6. a laser; 7. dividing into two optical fibers; 8. a collimating lens b; 9. a laser receiving end; 10. a photodetector; 11. a fabry-perot interferometer; 12. a data processing terminal; 13. a collimating lens a.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention by referring to the description text. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, not all of the structures.
Example 1
With H of this laboratory2O2Catalytic bed igniter, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, a type H2O2An accurate prediction system for the performance of an igniter of a catalytic bed, comprising: the system comprises an igniter measurement and control system 1, a catalytic bed igniter 2, a silver mesh 3, an injector 4, a TDLAS signal modulation and data processing module 5, a laser 6, a one-to-two optical fiber 7, a collimating lens b8, a laser receiving end 9, a photoelectric detector 10, a Fabry-Perot interferometer 11, a data processing terminal 12 and a collimating lens a 13.
The igniter measurement and control system 1 passes through H2O2The conveying pipeline is connected with a catalytic bed igniter 2, a multilayer silver net 3 is arranged inside the catalytic bed igniter 2, an injector 4 is arranged at the tail part of the catalytic bed igniter, the TDLAS signal modulation and data processing module 5 is connected with a laser 6, the laser 6 is connected with a one-to-two optical fiber 7, and the one-to-two optical fiber 7 respectively passes through an optical path detection system a, an optical path measurement system b and a TDLAS signal modulation and data processing moduleThe block 5 is connected, and the data processing terminal 12 is respectively connected with the igniter measurement and control system 1 and the TDLAS signal modulation and data processing module 5;
the optical path detection system a is provided with an optical fiber a, the one-to-two optical fiber 7 is connected with the optical fiber a through a collimating lens a13, and the optical fiber a is connected with the TDLAS signal modulation and data processing module 5 through a Fabry-Perot interferometer 11;
the optical path measuring system b is provided with an optical fiber b, the optical fiber b is tightly attached to an injector outlet, a one-to-two optical fiber 7 is connected with the optical fiber b through a collimating lens b8, the optical fiber b vertically penetrates through a high-temperature airflow of the injector 4 and then is connected with a laser receiving end 9, and the laser receiving end 9 is connected with a TDLAS signal modulation and data processing module 5 through an electric detector 10.
The specific operation steps are as follows:
(a) the igniter measuring and controlling system 1 controls a certain flow H2O2Into the igniter 2, H of the catalytic bed2O2Generating H after catalytic decomposition by silver mesh 32O、O2A large amount of heat is emitted, and the high-temperature mixed gas is sprayed out through the injector 4 and can be used for ignition of a solid-liquid engine;
(b) as shown in FIG. 1, the TDLAS signal modulation and data processing module 5 outputs the required scanning frequency and output wavelength through the current and temperature modulation laser 6, the scanning frequency is 2-10kHz, and the single period includes 4029.5cm-1、4030.6cm-1And 4030.7cm-1Three absorption lines;
(c) the optical path 1 calibrates the time scale-frequency scale relation of the generated laser signal through a Fabry-Perot interferometer 11 and outputs the time scale-frequency scale relation to a TDLAS signal modulation and data processing module 5; the light path 2 is collimated through a collimating lens 8, the light path 2 is tightly attached to an outlet of an injector 4, vertically penetrates through high-temperature airflow, is filtered and focused by a laser receiving end 9 and then is transmitted to a photoelectric detector 10, a transmission laser signal is subjected to photoelectric conversion by the photoelectric detector 10 and then is converted into a voltage signal to be transmitted to a TDLAS signal modulation and data processing module 5, and the data processing terminal 12 comprehensively analyzes and processes the voltage signal and the calibration signal of the light path 1 to obtain the airflow static temperature and H along the outlet of the injector2Real-time changes in O molecule concentration;
(d) by analyzing gas flow information such as temperature rise curve, maximum temperature, etc., and H2Molecular concentration of O, can realize H2O2Quantitative evaluation of the decomposition efficiency over the catalytic bed (the higher the decomposition efficiency, the faster the temperature rise, H)2The more drastic the change in the concentration of O molecules), and then H is achieved2O2An accurate indication of the ignition properties of the catalyst bed.
Example 2
On the basis of example 1, unlike example 1, a process H2O2The method for accurately predicting the performance of the igniter of the catalytic bed specifically comprises the following steps:
(a) igniting the solid-liquid engine: igniter measurement and control system 1 control H2O2Into the igniter 2, H of the catalytic bed2O2Generating H after catalytic decomposition by silver mesh 32O、O2The high-temperature mixed gas is sprayed out through the injector 4 to realize the ignition of the solid-liquid engine;
(b) acquiring spectral information: the TDLAS signal modulation and data processing module 5 enables the laser 6 to output laser signals with given scanning frequency and wavelength through current modulation and temperature modulation; the output laser signal is divided into two paths of a light path 1 and a light path 2 through a one-to-two optical fiber 7;
b1, calibration signal measurement of optical path 1: the light path 1 is collimated through a collimating lens a13, the time scale-frequency scale relation of the generated laser signal is calibrated through a Fabry-Perot interferometer 11 and output to a TDLAS signal modulation and data processing module 5 through the light path 1;
b2, voltage signal measurement of optical path 2: the light path 2 is collimated by a collimating lens b8, the light path 2 is tightly attached to an outlet of an injector 4, vertically passes through high-temperature airflow, is filtered and focused by a laser receiving end 9 and then is transmitted to a photoelectric detector 10, and a transmitted laser signal is subjected to photoelectric conversion by the photoelectric detector 10, is converted into a voltage signal and is transmitted to a TDLAS signal modulation and data processing module 5;
(c) analyzing the airflow information: the voltage signal of the optical path 2 is combined with the calibration signal of the optical path 1 to be comprehensively analyzed and processed by the data processing terminal 12 to obtain the airflow static temperature and H along the outlet of the injector 42Real time of O molecule concentrationBy changing the air flow information, H is realized by analyzing the air flow information2O2Quantitative assessment of the decomposition efficiency of the igniter 2 passing through the catalytic bed.
The specific implementation process is as follows:
based on the principle of laser absorption spectrum, when a laser beam with frequency v passes through a flow field, the emergent light intensity I of the laser beamtAnd the incident light intensity I0Satisfy Beer-Lambert relation:
(It/I0)v＝exp(-kv·L) (1)
in the formula: k is a radical ofv(cm-1) For the absorption coefficient, L (cm) is the absorption length. Wherein the absorption coefficient kvIs the concentration P of the absorbing componentH2O(here with H)2O as a research component, atm), absorption line intensity S (T) (cm)-2atm-1) Function of the linear function φ (v) (cm):
in the formula: the linear function satisfies the normalization condition, i.e., [ integral ] φ (v) dv ═ 1.
The partial pressure of the absorbing component in equation (2) is a parameter of the gas flow, while the absorption line intensity is an intrinsic property of the absorption line, which is a function of temperature. Multiplying the absorption coefficient by the absorption length kvL is called the spectral absorption rate alphav：
Linear strength at any temperature S (T) from known temperature T0The line intensity of (c) is calculated to yield:
in the formula: e' (cm)-1) To absorb the low-level energy of the transition, h (J · s) is the Planck constant, c (cm/s) is the speed of light, and K (J/K) is Boltzmann constantThe number, Q (T), is the partition function which reflects the ratio of the number of particles at the corresponding lower absorption level to the total number of particles at the temperature T (K).
As can be seen from the formulas (3) and (4), two or more absorption line profiles are obtained simultaneously by a direct absorption-wavelength scanning method, the temperature T can be obtained by the ratio of the two or more absorption line profiles, and the concentration P of the absorption component is obtained according to the formula (3)H2O，
FIG. 2 shows the raw data of TDLAS-beam 1 obtained in a certain experiment, as shown in FIG. 2, 4029.5cm can be obtained simultaneously in one scanning cycle-1、4030.6cm-1And 4030.7cm-1Three absorption spectral lines, based on the integral absorption rate of the three absorption spectral lines, the outlet temperature T of the igniter and the concentration P of the absorption component can be simultaneously realizedH2OThe measurement of (2).
Gas flow information such as temperature rise curve, maximum temperature, etc., obtained from laser absorption spectroscopy techniques, and H2Molecular concentration of O, can realize H2O2Quantitative evaluation of the decomposition efficiency over the catalytic bed (the higher the decomposition efficiency, the faster the temperature rise, the shorter the moment at which the maximum temperature is reached, H formation2Higher concentration of O molecules), and then H is achieved2O2An accurate indication of the ignition properties of the catalyst bed.
While embodiments of the invention have been described above, it is not limited to the applications set forth in the description and the embodiments, which are fully applicable in various fields of endeavor to which the invention pertains, and further modifications may readily be made by those skilled in the art, it being understood that the invention is not limited to the details shown and described herein without departing from the general concept defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. H2O2The method for accurately predicting the performance of the igniter of the catalytic bed is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(a) igniting the solid-liquid engine:igniter measurement and control system (1) control H2O2Into the igniter (2) of the catalytic bed, H2O2Generating H after catalytic decomposition by a silver net (3)2O、O2The high-temperature mixed gas is sprayed out through the injector (4) to realize the ignition of the solid-liquid engine;
(b) acquiring spectral information: the TDLAS signal modulation and data processing module (5) enables a laser (6) to output laser signals with given scanning frequency and wavelength through current modulation and temperature modulation; the output laser signal is divided into two paths of a light path 1 and a light path 2 through a one-to-two optical fiber (7);
(c) analyzing the airflow information: the voltage signal of the optical path 2 is combined with the calibration signal of the optical path 1 to be comprehensively analyzed and processed by a data processing terminal (12) to obtain the static temperature and H of the airflow along the outlet of the injector (4)2Real-time change of O molecule concentration and analysis of gas flow information to realize H2O2Quantitative assessment of the decomposition efficiency by catalytic bed igniters (2);
the laser (6) is set as a DFB laser, the linewidth of a spectral line is less than 10MHz, and the laser covers 4029.5cm of water molecules in one scanning period-1、4030.6cm-1And 4030.7cm-1Three absorption lines;
multiplying the absorption coefficient by the absorption length kvL is called the spectral absorption rate alphav：
In the formula: i istTo emit light intensity, I0Is the incident light intensity; k is a radical ofv(cm-1) L (cm) is the absorption length, where the absorption coefficient kvIs the concentration P of the absorbing componentH2OLinear intensity of absorption spectrum S (T) (cm)-2atm-1) A function of the linear function phi (v) (cm);
linear strength at any temperature S (T) from known temperature T0The line intensity of (c) is calculated to yield:
in the formula: e' (cm)-1) For absorbing the low-level energy of the transition, h (J · s) is the Planckian constant, c (cm/s) is the speed of light, K (J/K) is the Boltzmann constant, Q (T) is the partition function, which reflects the ratio of the number of particles at the corresponding absorbed low-level to the total number of particles at the temperature T (K);
as can be seen from the formulas (1) and (2), the direct absorption-wavelength scanning method is adopted to simultaneously obtain three absorption spectral line profiles, the temperature T can be obtained through the ratio of the three absorption spectral line profiles, and the concentration P of the absorption component is obtained according to the formula (1)H2O，
2. H according to claim 12O2A method for accurately predicting the performance of an igniter of a catalytic bed, wherein the step (b) of obtaining spectral information comprises the following steps:
b1, calibration signal measurement of optical path 1: the optical path 1 is collimated through a collimating lens a (13), and the optical path 1 calibrates the time scale-frequency scale relation of the generated laser signal through a Fabry-Perot interferometer (11) and outputs the time scale-frequency scale relation to a TDLAS signal modulation and data processing module (5);
b2, voltage signal measurement of optical path 2: the light path 2 is collimated through a collimating lens b (8), the light path 2 is tightly attached to an outlet of an injector (4), vertically penetrates through high-temperature airflow, is filtered and focused by a laser receiving end (9), and is transmitted to a photoelectric detector (10), and after photoelectric conversion is carried out on transmission laser signals by the photoelectric detector (10), the transmission laser signals are converted into voltage signals and are transmitted to a TDLAS signal modulation and data processing module (5).
3. H according to claim 12O2An accurate prediction method for the igniter performance of catalytic bed is disclosed, which uses an H2O2System for accurately predicting performance of igniter of catalytic bedThe method is characterized by comprising the following steps: an igniter measuring and controlling system (1), a catalytic bed igniter (2), a light path detecting system a, a light path measuring system b, a TDLAS signal modulation and data processing module (5) and a data processing terminal (12),
the igniter measurement and control system (1) passes through H2O2The device comprises a conveying pipeline, a catalytic bed igniter (2), a multi-layer silver net (3) is arranged inside the catalytic bed igniter (2), an injector (4) is installed at the tail of the catalytic bed igniter, a TDLAS signal modulation and data processing module (5) is connected with a laser (6), the laser (6) is connected with a one-to-two optical fiber (7), the one-to-two optical fiber (7) is connected with the TDLAS signal modulation and data processing module (5) through an optical path detection system a, an optical path measurement system b, and a data processing terminal (12) is connected with the igniter measurement and control system (1) and the TDLAS signal modulation and data processing module (5) respectively.
4. H according to claim 32O2The method for accurately predicting the performance of the igniter of the catalytic bed is characterized in that the specific structural design of the optical path detection system a and the optical path measurement system b is as follows:
the optical path detection system a is provided with an optical fiber a, a one-to-two optical fiber (7) is connected with the optical fiber a through a collimating lens a (13), and the optical fiber a is connected with a TDLAS signal modulation and data processing module (5) through a Fabry-Perot interferometer (11);
the optical path measurement system b is provided with an optical fiber b, the optical fiber b is tightly attached to an injector outlet, a one-to-two optical fiber (7) is connected with the optical fiber b through a collimating lens b (8), the optical fiber b vertically penetrates through a high-temperature airflow of the injector (4) and then is connected with a laser receiving end (9), and the laser receiving end (9) is connected with a TDLAS signal modulation and data processing module (5) through an electric detector (10).
5. H according to any one of claims 1 to 42O2The method for accurately predicting the performance of the igniter of the catalytic bed is characterized in that the igniter measuring and controlling system (1) comprises a flowmeter, a pressure sensor and an H2O2The conveying pipeline is controlled by an igniter measurement and control system (1) to control H2O2Supply and flow measurement,And measuring the internal pressure of the igniter.
6. H according to any one of claims 1 to 42O2The method for accurately predicting the performance of the catalytic bed igniter is characterized in that the catalytic bed igniter (2) is set to be a laboratory-grade small solid-liquid hybrid engine igniter and is made of stainless steel materials, a silver net (3) arranged inside the catalytic bed igniter is made of multiple layers of silver nets through extrusion, an injector (4) arranged inside the catalytic bed igniter is set to be any one of a direct-current single-hole structure, a direct-current multi-hole structure or a rotational flow multi-hole structure, and the outlet size of the injector (4) is determined according to the structural size of a specifically-equipped solid-liquid hybrid rocket engine.
7. H according to any one of claims 1 to 42O2The method for accurately predicting the performance of the igniter of the catalytic bed is characterized in that the TDLAS signal modulation and data processing module (5) outputs laser signals with required laser central wavelength, tuning wavelength range and modulation frequency through a current and temperature modulation laser (6) on one hand, and processes input signals of a photoelectric detector (10) and a Fabry-Perot interferometer (11) in real time on the other hand.
8. H according to any one of claims 1 to 42O2The method for accurately predicting the performance of the catalytic bed igniter is characterized in that the collimating lens b (8) and the collimating lens a (13) are arranged in a cylindrical shape structure, the diameter of the cylinder is not more than 2.5mm, and the end face coupling characteristic is realized.
9. H according to any one of claims 1 to 42O2The method for accurately predicting the performance of the igniter of the catalytic bed is characterized in that a laser receiving end (9) is arranged to be of a structure formed by combining a small-hole diaphragm, a narrow-band filter and a focusing lens; the photoelectric detector (10) is an indium gallium arsenic photoelectric detector, and the applicable wavelength range is 800-2600 nm.
10. According to any of claims 1 to 4One item is H2O2Method for accurately predicting the performance of an igniter of a catalytic bed, characterized in that a Fabry-Perot interferometer (11) converts a monocycle laser signal with time s as a reference axis into a signal with wave number cm-1And the subsequent spectrum information extraction and laser wavelength calibration are realized for the laser signal of the reference axis.
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