CN112361714A - 一种利用氯碱副产气制备液氢的系统 - Google Patents

一种利用氯碱副产气制备液氢的系统 Download PDF

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CN112361714A
CN112361714A CN202011301233.7A CN202011301233A CN112361714A CN 112361714 A CN112361714 A CN 112361714A CN 202011301233 A CN202011301233 A CN 202011301233A CN 112361714 A CN112361714 A CN 112361714A
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hydrogen
alkali
cold box
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liquid
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苏嘉南
兰玉岐
王峰
张志宇
卢涵
吕敏
俞华栋
安刚
张震
王惠挺
赵耀中
缪文峰
杨申音
王西明
厉劲风
余炳延
吴舒琴
李想
许好好
雪小峰
朱旺
郝加封
李煦侃
陈汝蒋
周慎学
彭峻
高沛
刘韬
孙志久
陈荣洲
刘峰
郭振兴
项俊猛
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Beijing Aerospace Rate Mechanical & Electrical Engineering Co ltd
Zhejiang Energy Group Co ltd
Beijing Institute of Aerospace Testing Technology
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Beijing Aerospace Rate Mechanical & Electrical Engineering Co ltd
Zhejiang Energy Group Co ltd
Beijing Institute of Aerospace Testing Technology
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种利用氯碱副产气制备液氢的系统，包括：氯碱副产氢气处理单元和氢液化单元；氯碱副产氢气处理单元包括：氯碱副产氢气源、氢气压缩机及PSA系统；氯碱副产氢气源内储存有氯碱副产氢气；氢气压缩机用于对氯碱副产氢气进行压缩；PSA系统为变压吸附系统，用于对氯碱副产氢气进行纯化处理；氢液化单元包括：冷箱、液氮容器、氦气压缩系统及液氢容器；冷箱用于给纯化后的氢气降温并液化形成液氢；液氮容器用于给冷箱提供冷量将冷箱内的氢气预冷；氦气压缩系统用于给冷箱提供循环氦气，将冷箱内的氢气进一步降温并液化，形成液氢；液氢容器用于储存液化后的液氢；本发明能够将氯碱副产氢气通过压缩、净化、降温及液化处理，得到液氢。

Description

一种利用氯碱副产气制备液氢的系统
技术领域
本发明属于氢气液化技术领域，具体涉及一种利用氯碱副产气制备液氢的系统。
背景技术
随着能源危机和环境危机的日益严重，氢能由于清洁无污染等优点，是人类未来最理想的能源，越来越受到世界各国的重视。
在氢源方面，我国当前氢气来源以化石能源制氢为主，电解水制氢为辅。化石能源制氢成本低，但是产品氢气含杂质较多；电解水制氢成本高，但是纯度高。化石能源制氢中又包括煤制氢、石油或天然气重整制氢、甲醇或液氨裂解制氢等。其中煤制氢碳排放高，且含硫量高，如用于燃料电池会导致燃料电池催化剂中毒，对脱硫技术要求高，如应用脱硫装置进行处理，会增加额外的成本，其对技术标准的要求也很高；石油和天然气蒸汽重整制氢的碳排放较高，未来可以考虑通过碳捕捉技术减少碳排放；甲醇裂解和液氨裂解成本较氯碱制氢高50％左右；氯碱制氢工艺成本适中，且环保性能较好，生产的氢气纯度高，目前而言适用于大规模制取燃料电池所使用的氢气原料，也是可实现度最高的氢气来源。
在氢的大规模运输方面，将氢气液化后进行储运和运输可以提高储运的效率，与传统的高压储运相比，具有规模大、长距离运输成本低、纯度有保障、安全性更高等优点。
氢液化系统是液氢生产的关键设备，关系到氢液态储运产业链的打通以及技术的推广应用。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明提供了一种利用氯碱副产气制备液氢的系统，能够将氯碱副产氢气通过压缩、净化、降温及液化处理，得到液氢。
本发明是通过下述技术方案实现的：
一种利用氯碱副产气制备液氢的系统，包括：氯碱副产氢气处理单元和氢液化单元；
所述氯碱副产氢气处理单元包括：顺序连接的氯碱副产氢气源、氢气压缩机及PSA系统；
所述氯碱副产氢气源内储存有氯碱副产氢气；所述氢气压缩机用于对氯碱副产氢气进行压缩；所述PSA系统为变压吸附系统，用于对氯碱副产氢气进行纯化处理；
所述氢液化单元包括：冷箱、液氮容器、氦气压缩系统及液氢容器；
所述冷箱用于给纯化后的氢气降温并液化形成液氢；所述冷箱设有三个输入端和两个输出端；所述冷箱的一个输入端与PSA出口缓冲罐连接，冷箱的另两个输入端分别与液氮容器和氦气压缩系统的出口连接，冷箱的一个输出端与氦气压缩系统的入口连接；所述冷箱的另一个输出端与液氢容器连接；所述液氮容器用于给冷箱提供冷量将冷箱内的氢气预冷；所述氦气压缩系统用于给冷箱提供循环氦气，在冷箱内进行膨胀制冷，将冷箱内的氢气进一步降温并液化，形成液氢，膨胀后的氦气输出回氦气压缩系统；所述液氢容器用于储存液化后的液氢。
进一步的，所述氯碱副产氢气处理单元还包括：所述原料气缓冲罐、压缩机出口缓冲罐及PSA出口缓冲罐；
所述原料气缓冲罐安装在氯碱副产氢气源与氢气压缩机之间；
所述压缩机出口缓冲罐安装在氢气压缩机及PSA系统之间；
所述PSA出口缓冲罐安装在PSA系统的输出端与冷箱的一个输入端之间；
所述原料气缓冲罐、压缩机出口缓冲罐及PSA出口缓冲罐均用于缓冲氢气气流引起的压力波动。
有益效果：本发明的氯碱副产氢气源在原料气缓冲罐平衡稳压后进入压缩机，氯碱副产氢气经过压缩升压后，通过压缩机出口缓冲罐稳压后进入PSA系统纯化，纯化后的氢气进入PSA出口缓冲罐稳压；纯化后的氢气进入冷箱中，通过液氮容器中的液氮对氢气初步降温，再通过氦气压缩系统的氦气膨胀制冷得到的冷量，对氢气进一步降温直至液化，最终将液氢产品充装至液氢容器中；本发明的系统将纯化工艺简单、成本低的氯碱副产氢气作为氢气源，实现氢气的纯化并液化，降低了液氢的生产系统的工艺复杂度和生产成本，且系统自动化程度高，可操作强，使用效果佳，维护周期长，能够满足当前氢能发展对氢气源纯度以及对氢大规模储运效率等方面的需求。
附图说明
图1为本发明的结构组成图；
其中，1-氯碱副产氢气源；2-原料气缓冲罐；3-氢气压缩机；4-压缩机出口缓冲罐；5-PSA系统；6-PSA出口缓冲罐；7-冷箱；8-液氮容器；9-氦气压缩系统；10-液氢容器。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图并举实施例，对本发明进行详细描述。
本实施例提供了一种利用氯碱副产气制备液氢的系统，包括：氯碱副产氢气处理单元和氢液化单元；
参见附图1，所述氯碱副产氢气处理单元包括：顺序连接的氯碱副产氢气源1、原料气缓冲罐2、氢气压缩机3、压缩机出口缓冲罐4、PSA系统5及PSA出口缓冲罐6；
所述氯碱副产氢气源1内储存有氯碱副产氢气；所述原料气缓冲罐2、压缩机出口缓冲罐4及PSA出口缓冲罐6均用于缓冲氢气气流引起的压力波动，使系统工作平稳；所述氢气压缩机3用于对氯碱副产氢气进行压缩；所述PSA系统5为变压吸附系统，用于对氯碱副产氢气进行纯化处理；
所述氢液化单元包括：冷箱7、液氮容器8、氦气压缩系统9及液氢容器10；
所述冷箱7用于给纯化后的氢气降温并液化形成液氢；所述冷箱7设有三个输入端和两个输出端；所述冷箱7的一个输入端与PSA出口缓冲罐6连接，冷箱7的另两个输入端分别与液氮容器8和氦气压缩系统9的出口连接，冷箱7的一个输出端与氦气压缩系统9的入口连接；所述冷箱7的另一个输出端与液氢容器10连接；所述液氮容器8用于给冷箱7提供冷量将冷箱7内的氢气预冷；所述氦气压缩系统9用于给冷箱7提供循环氦气，在冷箱7内进行膨胀制冷，将冷箱7内的氢气进一步降温并液化，形成液氢，膨胀后的氦气输出回氦气压缩系统9；所述液氢容器10用于储存液化后的液氢。
工作原理：
所述氯碱副产氢气的气路如下：从氯碱副产氢气源1排出的氯碱副产氢气通过原料气缓冲罐2缓冲后，进入到氢气压缩机3内，并在氢气压缩机3内被压缩形成高温高压的氯碱副产氢气；所述高温高压的氯碱副产氢气通过压缩机出口缓冲罐4缓冲后，进入到PSA系统5内；PSA系统5对所述高温高压的氯碱副产氢气进行纯化处理，纯化至满足所述氢液化单元的质量要求后，形成纯化后的氢气；所述纯化后的氢气进入到PSA出口缓冲罐6内，待氢液化单元使用；
所述氢气液化的气路如下：从PSA出口缓冲罐6排出的氢气进入到冷箱7内，并在冷箱7内液化形成液氢，最后液氢进入到液氢容器10储存；
所述液氮汽化的气路如下：液氮容器8内的低温液氮进入到冷箱7内，与氢气发生换热，为氢气的液化提供冷量；液氮吸热汽化形成常温氮气，通过冷箱7的箱体上的排气孔排出；
所述氦气的循环气路如下：从所述氦气压缩系统9排出的氦气进入到冷箱7内，氦气在冷箱7内进行膨胀制冷，将冷箱7内的氢气进一步降温并液化，形成液氢，膨胀后的氦气输出回氦气压缩系统9。
综上所述，以上仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并非用于限定本发明的保护范围。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (2)

1.一种利用氯碱副产气制备液氢的系统，其特征在于，包括：氯碱副产氢气处理单元和氢液化单元；
所述氯碱副产氢气处理单元包括：顺序连接的氯碱副产氢气源(1)、氢气压缩机(3)及PSA系统(5)；
所述氯碱副产氢气源(1)内储存有氯碱副产氢气；所述氢气压缩机(3)用于对氯碱副产氢气进行压缩；所述PSA系统(5)为变压吸附系统，用于对氯碱副产氢气进行纯化处理；
所述氢液化单元包括：冷箱(7)、液氮容器(8)、氦气压缩系统(9)及液氢容器(10)；
所述冷箱(7)用于给纯化后的氢气降温并液化形成液氢；所述冷箱(7)设有三个输入端和两个输出端；所述冷箱(7)的一个输入端与PSA出口缓冲罐(6)连接，冷箱(7)的另两个输入端分别与液氮容器(8)和氦气压缩系统(9)的出口连接，冷箱(7)的一个输出端与氦气压缩系统(9)的入口连接；所述冷箱(7)的另一个输出端与液氢容器(10)连接；所述液氮容器(8)用于给冷箱(7)提供冷量将冷箱(7)内的氢气预冷；所述氦气压缩系统(9)用于给冷箱(7)提供循环氦气，在冷箱(7)内进行膨胀制冷，将冷箱(7)内的氢气进一步降温并液化，形成液氢，膨胀后的氦气输出回氦气压缩系统(9)；所述液氢容器(10)用于储存液化后的液氢。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种利用氯碱副产气制备液氢的系统，其特征在于，所述氯碱副产氢气处理单元还包括：所述原料气缓冲罐(2)、压缩机出口缓冲罐(4)及PSA出口缓冲罐(6)；
所述原料气缓冲罐(2)安装在氯碱副产氢气源(1)与氢气压缩机(3)之间；
所述压缩机出口缓冲罐(4)安装在氢气压缩机(3)及PSA系统(5)之间；
所述PSA出口缓冲罐(6)安装在PSA系统(5)的输出端与冷箱(7)的一个输入端之间；
所述原料气缓冲罐(2)、压缩机出口缓冲罐(4)及PSA出口缓冲罐(6)均用于缓冲氢气气流引起的压力波动。
CN202011301233.7A 2020-11-19 2020-11-19 一种利用氯碱副产气制备液氢的系统 Pending CN112361714A (zh)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113532020A (zh) * 2021-07-28 2021-10-22 重庆天原化工有限公司 一种氯甲烷的压缩系统
EP4067533A1 (de) * 2021-03-30 2022-10-05 Linde GmbH Verfahren und anlage zur elektrolytischen herstellung von flüssigwasserstoff

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4067533A1 (de) * 2021-03-30 2022-10-05 Linde GmbH Verfahren und anlage zur elektrolytischen herstellung von flüssigwasserstoff
CN113532020A (zh) * 2021-07-28 2021-10-22 重庆天原化工有限公司 一种氯甲烷的压缩系统

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