CN112360490B - Impact type pipe jacking machine cutter head - Google Patents

Impact type pipe jacking machine cutter head Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112360490B
CN112360490B CN202011280629.8A CN202011280629A CN112360490B CN 112360490 B CN112360490 B CN 112360490B CN 202011280629 A CN202011280629 A CN 202011280629A CN 112360490 B CN112360490 B CN 112360490B
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China
Prior art keywords
cutter
impact
cutter head
push rod
hob
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CN202011280629.8A
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CN112360490A (en
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唐飞
王晓
王长坤
吴怀琦
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Anhui Tangxing Equipment Technology Co Ltd
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Anhui Tangxing Equipment Technology Co Ltd
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21DSHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/10Making by using boring or cutting machines

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a cutter head of an impact push bench, which comprises: the core cutter part consists of a spiral rock breaking cutter for breaking rock, an earth cutting cutter for excavating earth and a transmission rod, the spiral rock breaking cutter is fixed on a cutter body of the earth cutting cutter, and the earth cutting cutter is fixed on the transmission rod; a main cutter head comprising: the impact knife and the cam disc are arranged, so that the impact knife can impact and crush the rocks when the cam disc rotates, impact crushing is performed before the rocks are rolled, the crushing depth is increased, and the crushing efficiency is improved.

Description

Impact type pipe jacking machine cutter head
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of push bench cutterheads, in particular to an impact type push bench cutterhead.
Background
The pipe pushing jack is used as large-scale excavating equipment and is widely used in various tunnel constructions, a cutter head of the pipe pushing jack for performing the main excavating function in the pipe pushing jack is a cutter head of the pipe pushing jack, the pipe pushing jack excavates underground, the geological condition is very complicated, therefore, in order to ensure that the pipe pushing jack can stably and effectively work in different geological environments, the cutter head is required to have very strong adaptability, the pipe pushing jack can be roughly divided into two types according to the types of the existing cutter head according to functions, one type is a cutter head which is specially used for excavating a uniform soft soil stratum or a hard soil stratum, the other type is a composite cutter head which is specially used for excavating a composite stratum with soft soil and hard rocks, however, in some areas in the actual excavating process, one section of the composite cutter head is a uniform soft soil stratum and the other section of the hard rock stratum or a stratum mixed with the soft soil stratum, or a large rock is suddenly encountered during excavating, the conventional method for excavating the hard rock is that the hard rock cutter head is replaced by the hard rock breaking cutter head, or the composite cutter head is used for crushing by a small roller cutter head, and the crushing efficiency of the composite cutter head is very low when the rock is used for excavating, and the composite cutter head is not capable of crushing by a small roller cutter head, and the grinding roller cutter head is not capable of crushing when the composite rock.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and it is an object of the present invention to solve the problems of low rock breaking efficiency, poor effect, poor adaptability, and easy abrasion of a hob by repeatedly moving an impact cutter using a cam disc to impact rocks, then rolling the rocks to fall by a hob, movably mounting the hob on a cutter head, and controlling the extension and retraction of the hob by the forward and backward movement of the cam disc, and to achieve the above objects by the following technical means:
a cutter head of an impact push bench comprises a main cutter head, an auxiliary cutter head, a cam disc, a connecting sleeve, a core cutter part and a hob part, wherein the core cutter part consists of a spiral rock breaking cutter for breaking rock, an earth digging cutter for digging earth and a transmission rod;
the main cutter head comprises: the cutter comprises cutter frames, fixing rings, scrapers, cutters and a central notch, wherein the cutter frames are hollow and are in a cuboid shape with the outer side surface being an arc surface, the cutter frames are annularly spliced together and are fixed through the fixing rings to form an integral structure of a main cutter head, a soil inlet is formed in a space between every two adjacent cutter frames, soil and rocks cut off by the main cutter head enter from the soil inlet, a plurality of notches are formed in the surfaces of the cutter frames and used for installing hob parts for crushing the rocks, the scrapers and the cutters for cutting the soil are installed on the two side surfaces of the cutter frames, and the center of the main cutter head is provided with the central notch for installing the central cutter part;
the auxiliary cutter head is provided with square protrusions which correspond to the cutter holders one by one, a soil discharge port is formed in a space between every two adjacent square protrusions, the surfaces of the square protrusions are abutted against and fixed to the back surfaces of the cutter holders, so that the soil discharge port is communicated with the soil inlet and used for discharging cut and fallen soil or rocks to the rear side of the auxiliary cutter head, a connecting hole is formed in the center of the auxiliary cutter head and used for accommodating a supporting center cutter part, a square notch is formed in the middle of each square protrusion and used for allowing a hob part to pass through, a rectangular external spline is arranged on the auxiliary cutter head, a rectangular internal spline is arranged inside the connecting sleeve, and the rectangular internal spline inside the connecting sleeve can be meshed with the rectangular external spline on the auxiliary cutter head and plays a role in supporting and rotating the auxiliary cutter head;
the hob portion includes: the hob head, the hob, the impact cutters, the spring, the push rod, the rolling body and the fixed shaft are rotatably sleeved on the fixed shaft, the fixed shaft is fixed on a fixed frame at the front end of the push rod through the center, the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the fixed shaft are further rotatably connected with the two impact cutters, the rolling body is a sphere and is rotatably installed at the tail end of the push rod, the spring is installed on the push rod in a limiting mode, the push rod is installed in a sliding groove opening in the hob head in a limiting mode through the fixed frame at the front end, the push rod can move back and forth in the sliding groove opening, one end of the spring is abutted against the rear end surface of the hob head, the other end of the spring is abutted against a limiting ring surface of the push rod, and the spring can be compressed when the push rod moves forward relative to the sliding groove opening;
the two impact knives are respectively arranged on the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the fixed shaft and can rotate left and right relative to the fixed shaft, the front end surface of each impact knife is provided with a sharp impact head for impacting rocks, the two side surfaces of each impact knife are sliding planes, the rear end surface of each impact knife is a rotating curved surface, when the push rod does not enable the sliding plane to be separated from the sliding notch in the range of moving back and forth relative to the sliding notch, the sliding plane on each impact knife can only move back and forth but cannot rotate under the limitation of the sliding notch, so that the impact action on the rocks is completed, when the push rod pushes the sliding plane out of the sliding notch, the sliding plane is not limited in the sliding notch, and due to the existence of the rotating curved surface, the impact knives can rotate when being subjected to external force;
the cam disc is composed of a disc body and annular bulges, the annular bulges are formed by convex and concave indirect continuous arrangement according to a ring shape, the number of the annular bulges is a plurality of the annular bulges, the annular bulges are embedded in the disc body and correspond to all rolling bodies on the hob parts one by one, a support hole is arranged in the center of the cam disc, the cam disc is supported and limited on a transmission rod on the hob part through the support hole and can move back and forth relative to the transmission rod, when the cam disc moves forward, the annular bulges abut against the rolling bodies on all the hob parts and push a push rod to move forward, the spring is compressed, then the cam disc rotates, the rolling bodies on the push rod can rapidly reciprocate back and forth under the action of the elastic force of the spring and the rotary thrust force of the annular bulges to impact rocks, and when the cam disc moves backward, the push rod can return to the original position under the action of the reverse elastic force of the spring.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. through the arrangement of the impact knife and the cam disc, the impact knife can impact and crush the rock when the cam disc rotates, impact crushing is performed before rock is rolled, so that the crushing depth is increased, and the crushing efficiency is improved;
2. after impact crushing, the hob impact rolling cutting is carried out, so that the effect is better and the speed is higher;
3. a plurality of hobbing cutters which are arranged along the radial direction are movably arranged on the cutter head and are controlled to extend and retract relative to the surface of the cutter head through the back-and-forth movement of the cam disc, and when the hobbing cutters are not needed for cutting soil, the hobbing cutters are retracted through controlling the cam disc, so that the abrasion of the hobbing cutters is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an exploded view of a tool pan of an impact push bench according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side view of a tool pan of an impact push bench of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an assembly view of a cutter head of an impact push bench with a drive sleeve and a cam plate removed.
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a cam disc of a cutter head of an impact push bench according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is an exploded view of a cutter head rolling cutter of the impact push bench of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the striking state of the cutter head rolling cutter part of the striking push bench according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a cutter head striking state of the striking push bench according to the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing the rolling state of the cutter head rolling cutter part of the impact push bench according to the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing the cutter head rolling state of the impact push bench according to the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing a state of scraping earth by a cutter head of the impact push bench.
Description of the drawings:
1. a soil inlet; 2. a soil discharge port; 100. a main cutter head; 101. a scraper; 102. a cutter; 103. a central notch; 104. a tool holder; 105. a fixing ring; 110. an auxiliary cutter head; 111. a rectangular external spline; 112. a square protrusion; 112a, a square notch; 113. connecting holes; 120. a cam plate; 121. a tray body; 122. a support hole; 123. an annular protrusion; 130. connecting sleeves; 131. a rectangular internal spline; 140. a heart knife section; 141 earth cutting knife; 142. a spiral rock breaking cutter; 143. a transmission rod; 150. a hobbing cutter part; 151. a hob seat; 151a, a sliding notch; 152. hobbing cutters; 153. an impact knife; 153a, impact head; 153b, sliding plane; 153c, a surface of revolution; 154. a spring; 155. a push rod; 155a, a fixing frame; 155b, a limit ring surface; 156. a rolling body; 157. and fixing the shaft.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are easily implemented by those having ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains, however, the present invention may be implemented in various forms, and thus, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described below, and in addition, components not connected to the present invention will be omitted from the drawings for more clear description of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1-10, the impact push bench cutter head comprises a main cutter head 100, an auxiliary cutter head 110, a cam disc 120, a connecting sleeve 130, a heart cutter part 140 and a hob part 150;
the core cutter part 140 consists of a spiral rock breaking cutter 142 for breaking rock, an earth digging cutter 141 for digging earth and a transmission rod 143, the spiral rock breaking cutter 142 is fixed on a cutter body of the earth digging cutter 141, the earth digging cutter 141 is fixed on the transmission rod 143, and a driving device (not shown in the figure) is arranged at the other end of the transmission rod 143 and can drive the transmission rod 143 to move and rotate;
as shown in fig. 1, 2, and 7, the main cutter 100 includes: the cutter comprises cutter holders 104, fixing rings 105, scrapers 101, cutters 102 and central notches 103, wherein the cutter holders 104 are hollow and in the shape of a cuboid with the outer side surface being an arc surface, the cutter holders 104 are annularly spliced together and are fixed through the fixing rings 105 to form an integral structure of the main cutter head 100, a soil inlet 1 is formed in a space between every two adjacent cutter holders 104, soil and rocks cut off by the main cutter head 100 enter from the soil inlet 1, a plurality of notches 150 are formed in the surface of the cutter holders 104 and used for mounting rock crushing hob parts 150, the scrapers 101 and the cutters 102 used for cutting the soil are mounted on the two side surfaces of the cutter holders, and the central notch 103 is formed in the center of the main cutter head 100 and used for mounting a central cutter part 140;
as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the auxiliary cutter head 110 has square protrusions 112 corresponding to the plurality of cutter holders 104 one by one, a space between adjacent square protrusions 112 forms a soil discharge opening 2, the surface of each square protrusion 112 is abutted against and fixed to the back surface of the cutter holder 104, so that the soil discharge opening 2 is communicated with the soil inlet 1 for discharging the cut soil or rock to the back of the auxiliary cutter head 110, the center of the auxiliary cutter head 110 has a connecting hole 113 for accommodating a supporting core cutter part 140, a square notch 112a is also formed in the middle of each square protrusion 112 for the passage of a rolling cutter part 150, the auxiliary cutter head 110 has a rectangular outer spline 111, a rectangular inner spline 131 is formed inside the connecting sleeve 130, and the rectangular inner spline 131 inside the connecting sleeve 130 can be engaged with the rectangular outer spline 111 on the auxiliary cutter head 110 to support and rotate the auxiliary cutter head 110;
as shown in fig. 5, 6 and 8, the roller part 150 includes: a hob seat 151, a hob 152, an impact cutter 153, a spring 154, a push rod 155, a rolling body 156, and a fixed shaft 157;
the roller cutter 152 is rotatably sleeved on the fixed shaft 157, the fixed shaft 157 is fixed on a fixed frame 155a at the front end of the push rod 155 through the center, the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the fixed shaft 157 are also rotatably connected with two impact cutters 153, the rolling body 156 is a sphere and is rotatably installed at the tail end of the push rod 155, the spring 154 is installed on the push rod 155 in a limiting way, the push rod 155 is installed in a sliding notch 151a in the roller cutter holder 151 in a limiting way through the fixed frame 155a at the front end, so that the push rod 155 can move back and forth in the sliding notch 151a, one end of the spring 154 is abutted against the rear end surface of the roller cutter holder 151, the other end of the spring 154 is abutted against a limiting ring surface 155b of the push rod 155, and the spring 154 is compressed when the push rod 155 moves forward relative to the sliding notch 151 a;
the two impact knives 153 are respectively installed on the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the fixing shaft 157 and can rotate left and right relative to the fixing shaft 157, the front end surface of each impact knife 153 is provided with a sharp impact head 153a for impacting rocks, two side surfaces of each impact knife 153 are sliding planes 153b, the rear end surface of each impact knife 153 is a rotating curved surface 153c, when the sliding planes 153b are not separated from the sliding notches 151a in the range of forward and backward movement of the push rod 155 relative to the sliding notches 151a, the sliding planes 153b on the impact knives 153 can only move forward and backward but cannot rotate under the limitation of the sliding notches 151a, so that the impact action on the rocks is completed, when the push rod 155 pushes the sliding planes 153b out of the sliding notches 151a, the sliding planes 153b are not limited in the sliding notches 151a, and the impact knives 153 can rotate under the action of external force due to the existence of the rotating curved surfaces 153 c;
as shown in fig. 1 and 4, the cam plate 120 is composed of a plate body 121 and an annular protrusion 123, the annular protrusion 123 is formed by a plurality of convex and concave indirect continuous arrangement according to a ring shape, and is embedded in the plate body 121 in one-to-one correspondence with the rolling bodies 156 on all the hob parts 150, the center of the cam plate 120 is provided with a support hole 122, the cam plate 120 is supported and limited on the transmission rod 143 on the hob part 140 through the support hole 122 and can move back and forth relative to the transmission rod 143, when the cam plate 120 moves forward, the annular protrusion 123 abuts against the rolling bodies 156 on all the hob parts 150 and pushes the push rod 155 to move forward, the spring 155 is compressed, then the cam plate 120 rotates, the rolling bodies 156 on the push rod 155 perform rapid reciprocating back and forth movement under the elastic force of the spring 155 and the rotating thrust force of the annular protrusion 123 to impact rocks, and when the cam plate 120 moves backward, the push rod 155 returns to the original position under the reverse elastic force of the spring 154.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
when the pipe jacking machine cutterhead excavates in a uniform soft soil layer, the cam disc 120 moves in a direction away from the rolling body 156, so that the annular protrusion 123 on the cam disc 120 is separated from the rolling body 156, the push rod 155 drives the hob 152 to retract into the hob base 151 under the action of the elastic force of the spring 155, at the moment, the hob 152 does not contact with an excavating surface, then the transmission rod 143 rotates relative to the main cutterhead 100 and moves forwards until the excavator 141 completely extends out, the state is as shown in fig. 10, at the moment, the transmission rod 143 only rotates to drive the excavator 141 to rotate, the excavator 141 excavates the soil layer in the central part of the main cutterhead 100 in advance, the connecting sleeve 130 also synchronously rotates and slowly moves forwards, the auxiliary cutterhead 110 is driven to rotate and move through the rectangular internal spline 131 inside the connecting sleeve, and because the auxiliary cutterhead 110 is fixedly connected with the main cutterhead 100, so that the main cutter 100 rotates and moves to drive the scrapers 101 and the cutters 102 mounted on the main cutter 100 to rotate and move, soil is cut and peeled by the cutting force and pressure of the scrapers 101 and the cutters 102, when a hard rock layer is encountered, the connecting sleeve 130 stops rotating to stop the rotation of the main cutter 100, then the transmission rod 143 moves backward to retract the earth-moving blades 141 and the spiral rock-breaking blades 142 into the central notch 103 of the main cutter 100 and then stops moving and rotating, then the cam disc 120 moves in a direction close to the rolling bodies 156, when the annular protrusion 123 moving thereon contacts all the rolling bodies 156, the cam disc 120 continues to move forward to push the push rod 155 and the hob 152 out of the roller seat 151 until the cam disc 120 moves to a position where the push rod 155 moves forward and backward relative to the sliding notch 151a and the sliding plane 153b does not leave the sliding notch 151a when the cam disc 120 rotates, as shown in fig. 6, 7, the cam disc 120 then starts to rotate, because the circular protrusion 123 and the concave are formed in an indirect and continuous circular arrangement, and the rolling body 156 of the push rod 155 is tightly abutted against the circular protrusion 123 under the action of the elastic force of the spring 155, when the cam disc 120 rotates until the convex part of the circular protrusion 123 contacts with the rolling body 156, the push rod 155 is pushed to impact forward, when the cam disc 120 continues to rotate to the adjacent concave part, the push rod 155 is retracted under the elastic force of the spring 155, and then the push rod 155 is pushed to retract so that the impact knife 153 is driven by the rotary thrust of the circular protrusion 123 on the cam disc 120 to perform rapid reciprocating forward and backward movements, so as to realize repeated impact crushing to rocks, the rotating speed of the cam disc 120 can be adjusted according to the hardness of the rocks to control the frequency of impact of the impact knife 153, so as to realize better crushing, after the impact crushing, the transmission rod 143 continues to rotate forward relative to the main cutter disc 100, the spiral rock-breaking knife 142 stops moving until the spiral rock-breaking knife 142 completely extends out of the central slot 103, the spiral rock-breaking knife 142 only rotates to further break and rapidly strip the rocks in the central portion of the main cutter 100, then the cam disc 120 pushes the moving push rod 155 to move forward until the sliding plane 153b on the impact knife 153 stops moving when pushing out of the sliding slot 151a, the sliding plane 153b is not limited in the sliding slot 151a, then the connecting sleeve 130 drives the main cutter 100 to rotate, due to the curved surface 153c, the impact knife 153 rotates under the action of the rock wall during the rotation of the main cutter 100, as shown in fig. 8 and 9, the impact knife 153 does not contact with the rock wall after rotating, and the hob 152 on the main cutter 100 repeatedly impacts the rocks further under the action of the cam disc 120 during the rotation of the main cutter 100 The pressing causes the rock to be rapidly stripped, and after the rock is broken, the cam disc 120 moves rightwards to retract the hob 152 and the impact knife 153 into the hob seat 151, and then the soft soil cutting is continuously completed.

Claims (4)

1. An impact push bench cutter head comprising: the cutter comprises a main cutter head (100), an auxiliary cutter head (110), a cam plate (120), a connecting sleeve (130), a heart cutter part (140) and a hob part (150); the method is characterized in that: the core cutter part (140) consists of a spiral rock breaking cutter (142), an earth digging cutter (141) and a transmission rod (143), the spiral rock breaking cutter (142) is fixed on a cutter body of the earth digging cutter (141), the earth digging cutter (141) is fixed at one end of the transmission rod (143), and the main cutter head (100) comprises: knife rest (104), fixed ring (105), scraper (101), cutter (102) and central notch (103), knife rest (104) are hollow and the lateral surface is the cuboid shape of cambered surface, a plurality of knife rest (104) annular concatenation is in the same place and through the fixed overall structure who forms main blade disc (100) of fixed ring (105), space between adjacent knife rest (104) forms into soil inlet (1), the surperficial inboard of knife rest (104) is equipped with hobbing cutter portion (150), scraper (101) and cutter (102) are installed to the both sides face of knife rest (104), main blade disc (100) center has central notch (103), square bulge (112) with a plurality of knife rest (104) one-to-one are seted up to one side of vice blade disc (110), space between adjacent square bulge (112) forms row soil outlet (2), row soil outlet (2) are linked together with soil inlet (1), vice blade disc (110) center has connecting hole (113), be used for holding support heart sword portion (140), square bulge (112) have all opened square notch (112 a) in the middle of every square bulge (112), the side connection cover (110) has outer spline (111) and has, the outer spline (130) has, the inside spline notch (150) has: the device comprises a hob seat (151), a hob (152), impact knives (153), springs (154), a push rod (155), rolling bodies (156) and a fixed shaft (157), wherein the hob (152) is rotatably sleeved on the fixed shaft (157), the fixed shaft (157) is fixed on a fixed frame (155 a) at the front end of the push rod (155) through the center, the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the fixed shaft (157) are further rotatably connected with two impact knives (153), the rolling bodies (156) are spherical bodies and are movably installed at the tail end of the push rod (155), the springs (154) are installed on the push rod (155) in a limiting mode, the push rod (155) is installed in a sliding groove opening (151 a) in the hob seat (151) in a limiting mode through the fixed frame (155 a) at the front end, the two impact knives (153) are installed on the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the fixed shaft (155), impact heads (153 a) are installed on the front end surface of the impact knives (153), two side surfaces of the impact knives (153) are sliding planes (153 b), the rear end surfaces are rotating curved surfaces (153 c), a cam disc (120) is composed of a circular protrusion (121) and an annular protrusion (123), and a support hole (122) is formed in a support hole (122) in a center of a disc body (140) of a disc body (120).
2. The impact push bench cutter of claim 1, wherein: the rectangular inner spline (131) in the connecting sleeve (130) is meshed with the rectangular outer spline (111) on the auxiliary cutter head (110).
3. The impact push bench cutter head of claim 1, wherein: one end of the spring (154) is propped against the rear end surface of the hob seat (151), and the other end is propped against the limiting ring surface (155 b) of the push rod (155).
4. The impact push bench cutter head of claim 1, wherein: the annular protrusions (123) are formed by annularly and indirectly continuously arranging convex and concave parts, are multiple and correspond to the rolling bodies (156) on all the hobbing cutter parts (150) one by one, and are embedded in the disc body (121).
CN202011280629.8A 2020-11-16 2020-11-16 Impact type pipe jacking machine cutter head Active CN112360490B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112922628B (en) * 2021-03-22 2024-05-31 安徽唐兴装备科技股份有限公司 Cutter driving device of push bench
CN112855196B (en) * 2021-04-02 2023-04-11 中国铁建重工集团股份有限公司 Cutter head assembly, tunneling device and tunneling construction method
CN114941531A (en) * 2022-07-06 2022-08-26 河海大学 Cutter head of multiple stratum shield tunneling machines capable of reducing wear rate of cutters and method
CN116717258B (en) * 2023-08-07 2023-10-17 山东省地质矿产勘查开发局八〇一水文地质工程地质大队(山东省地矿工程勘察院) Shaft development machine cutterhead assembly and shaft development machine

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