CN112360401A - Sea area natural gas hydrate self-entering type exploitation simulation test device and test method thereof - Google Patents
Sea area natural gas hydrate self-entering type exploitation simulation test device and test method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112360401A CN112360401A CN202011510932.2A CN202011510932A CN112360401A CN 112360401 A CN112360401 A CN 112360401A CN 202011510932 A CN202011510932 A CN 202011510932A CN 112360401 A CN112360401 A CN 112360401A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/01—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells specially adapted for obtaining from underwater installations
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/11—Perforators; Permeators
- E21B43/114—Perforators using direct fluid action on the wall to be perforated, e.g. abrasive jets
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/24—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/24—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection
- E21B43/2401—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection by means of electricity
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
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- G09B25/00—Models for purposes not provided for in G09B23/00, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B25/02—Models for purposes not provided for in G09B23/00, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes of industrial processes; of machinery
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Abstract
The invention provides a sea area natural gas hydrate self-entry type exploitation simulation test device and a test method thereof. The invention has reasonable design and simple structure, can simulate the injection of the exploitation device, the exploitation of the natural gas hydrate and the recovery of the exploitation device, can truly simulate the exploitation process of the sea natural gas hydrate self-entry exploitation method, and has important significance for researching the applicability, the exploitation efficiency, the action range and the like of the sea natural gas hydrate self-entry exploitation device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a sea area natural gas hydrate self-entry type exploitation simulation test device and a test method thereof.
Background
The natural gas hydrate is an ice-like crystalline substance which is distributed in deep sea sediments or permafrost in land areas and is formed by natural gas and water under high pressure and low temperature conditions. The combustible ice after combustion only generates a small amount of carbon dioxide and water, and compared with traditional energy sources such as coal, petroleum and the like, the pollution degree is obviously reduced and the energy is 10 times higher. The total amount of organic carbon resources contained is 2 times of the total amount of coal, oil and natural gas known in the world, and the organic carbon resources are considered as alternative energy sources of the oil and the natural gas by international public.
Natural gas hydrate mining technologies can be broadly divided into: the method comprises a depressurization method, a heat injection method, a chemical agent method, a carbon dioxide replacement mining method and a solid fluidization method, wherein the mining methods require that an overlying layer of a hydrate reservoir is a closed covering layer, have good tightness and a certain thickness and have a solid structure, but the mining methods cannot accurately and effectively control the decomposition speed and the mining range of the hydrate, possibly cause marine geological environment disasters, and have high cost for mining the natural gas hydrate by the prior art.
The evaluation and analysis of the natural gas hydrate exploitation technology are carried out in the current stage through the angle of numerical simulation, and reference is provided for optimizing an optimal exploitation method. However, if the method leaves the experimental simulation, under the condition that the current field pilot production data is limited, the accuracy of the simulation result is difficult to verify, and the action mechanism of the natural gas hydrate exploitation measure cannot be explained. Therefore, the simulation test technology for the natural gas hydrate exploitation process has an irreplaceable effect on the aspects of hydrate exploitation theory and technology basic research.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention improves the problems, namely the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide the sea area natural gas hydrate self-entry type exploitation simulation test device and the test method thereof, the structure is simple, the use is convenient, the penetration of an exploitation device, the exploitation of a natural gas hydrate and the recovery of an exploitation device can be simulated, the exploitation process of the sea area natural gas hydrate self-entry type exploitation method can be truly simulated, and the sea area natural gas hydrate self-entry type exploitation device has important significance for researching the applicability, the exploitation efficiency and the action range.
The high-pressure test chamber is internally provided with a simulation self-entering structure which is flushed into the simulation natural gas hydrate storage layer from the outside of the high-pressure test chamber, and the simulation self-entering structure is driven by a launching device to be ejected.
Furthermore, a cavity is arranged in the middle of the simulated self-entering structure body, and the simulated self-entering structure body comprises a connecting member, a main body member, side wings positioned on two sides of the upper part of the main body member and a head member positioned on the lower part of the main body member which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; the lower part of the head component is provided with a sharp part.
Further, the main body member includes an inner side water permeable protection member, a sand control device and an outer side water permeable protection member which are respectively arranged on the outer side of the two sides of the cavity in sequence, a cable packer is arranged at the opening of the cavity above the main body member, an end member is arranged on the lower portion of the main body member, and the end member is connected with the head member.
Further, a gas-liquid collecting system is arranged above the high-pressure test box and consists of a water storage system and a gas storage system, the gas storage system comprises a gas storage tank, a gas compression device, a gas drying device, a first flow monitor and a gas pipe which are sequentially arranged, the upper end of the gas pipe is sequentially connected with the gas storage tank through the first flow monitor, the gas drying device and the gas compression device, and the lower end of the gas pipe is connected with the top of a cavity inside the simulated self-entering structure; the water storage system comprises a water storage tank, a water pump, a second flow monitor and a water delivery pipe which are sequentially arranged, the lower end of the water delivery pipe extends to the bottom in the cavity in the middle of the simulation self-entering structure body, a gas-liquid separation device is arranged at the lower end of the water delivery pipe, and the upper end of the water delivery pipe is sequentially connected with the water storage tank through the second flow monitor and the water pump and is used for pumping liquid which is simulated in the cavity of the simulation self-entering structure body into the water storage tank.
Furthermore, the launching device comprises an ejection device and a vertical drawing system, wherein the ejection device is used for giving a certain initial speed for the simulated self-entering structural body to descend so that the simulated self-entering structural body reaches a specified depth; the vertical drawing system comprises a lifting system and a cable, wherein the upper part of the cable is connected with the lifting system, and the lower end of the cable is connected with the top of the simulation self-entering structural body.
Furthermore, a water pressure control system and a temperature regulating system are arranged at the outer side part of the high-pressure test box, the water pressure control system is used for applying water pressure to the high-pressure test box to simulate a deep sea water pressure environment, and the temperature regulating system is used for regulating the temperature in the high-pressure test box.
Furthermore, the simulated natural gas hydrate reservoir stratum consists of a natural gas hydrate simulated upper cladding, a natural gas hydrate simulated reservoir stratum and a simulated natural gas hydrate lower cladding.
Further, the simulation is provided with jet injection system on going into the structure certainly, jet injection system includes drive arrangement, jet pipeline and is located a plurality of injection ports on the jet pipeline, the jet pipeline includes that perpendicular pipeline and many are located the simulation respectively and go into structure upper portion, the simulation is from going into the horizontal pipeline of structure lower part, perpendicular pipeline lower extreme extends to the head component and is divided into two branches at least, the injection port is located the output of horizontal pipeline or the output of branch road, drive arrangement provides injection power for jet injection system for water is sprayed by different injection ports and is carried out hydraulic cutting to the simulation natural gas hydrate reservoir.
Furthermore, the lower part of the simulated self-entering structural body is provided with an auxiliary heating system, the auxiliary heating system comprises an electromagnetic induction coil and an electromagnetic heating controller, and the electromagnetic induction coil surrounds the surface of the lower part of the simulated self-entering structural body.
Further, a test method of the sea area natural gas hydrate self-entry type exploitation simulation test device comprises the following steps: (1) checking the running condition, the pipeline connection and the equipment parameter setting condition of each system of the sea area natural gas hydrate self-entry type exploitation test simulation test device, and ensuring that the sea area natural gas hydrate self-entry type exploitation test simulation test device runs normally; (2) the pressure and the temperature in the high-pressure test box are regulated to meet the test requirements through a water pressure control system and a temperature regulation system; (3) releasing a simulated self-entering structural body on the upper side of the test box through an ejection device and a vertical drawing system, and punching the simulated self-entering structural body into the simulated natural gas hydrate reservoir for fixing; (4) the water pump drives the water pipe to pump out water in the cavity, the pressure in the cavity and the pressure of the surrounding stratum are reduced, the natural gas hydrate in the surrounding stratum is decomposed, water and natural gas formed by decomposition continuously enter the cavity under the action of pressure difference, then the water continuously enters the water pipe, and the natural gas continuously enters the gas pipe, so that the self-entering simulated exploitation of the natural gas hydrate is realized. (5) In addition, in the working process, the periphery of the simulated self-entering structure body is heated through an auxiliary heating system or hot seawater injection, so that the decomposition efficiency of the natural gas hydrate is improved; injecting a chemical inhibitor to a reservoir stratum around the simulated self-entering structural body through a jet injection system, so that the decomposition efficiency of the natural gas hydrate is improved; when the natural gas hydrate decomposition range is insufficient, the jet injection system can also jet water in the water storage tank to a reservoir stratum around the simulated self-entering structure, and the hydraulic cutting effect of the jet injection system can increase the decomposition interface.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the device is simple in structure and reasonable in design, can simulate the injection of the exploitation device, the exploitation of the natural gas hydrate and the recovery of the exploitation device, can truly simulate the exploitation process of the sea natural gas hydrate self-entry exploitation method, and has important significance for researching the applicability, the exploitation efficiency, the action range and the like of the sea natural gas hydrate self-entry exploitation device.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a simulated self-entering structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the internal layout of the body member according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an auxiliary heating system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a jet injection system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: a-natural gas hydrate simulated overburden; b-a simulated reservoir of natural gas hydrate; c-simulating a natural gas hydrate lower coating; d-a high-pressure test chamber; 1-simulating a self-entering structure; 11-a connecting member; 12-flank; 13-a body member; 14-a head member; 15-cable-over packer; 16-an outer water permeable protective member; 17-inner water permeable protection member; 18-a tip member; 2-launch means, 21-cable; 22-an ejection device; 23-a lifting system; 3-a sand control device; 31-a cavity; 4-water storage system, 41-water delivery pipe; 42-gas transmission pipe; 43-a water pump; 44-a water storage tank; 45-a gas-liquid separation device; 5-gas storage system, 51-gas drying device; 52-a gas compression device; 53-a gas storage tank; 61-a first flow monitor; 62-a second flow monitor; 71-a temperature regulation system; 72-a hydraulic control system; 81-electromagnetic induction coil; 91-a jet conduit; 92-jet ports.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Example (b): as shown in fig. 1 to 5, the sea area natural gas hydrate self-entry type exploitation simulation test device comprises a high-pressure test chamber D, wherein seawater, a simulation seabed and a simulation natural gas hydrate reservoir layer are arranged inside the high-pressure test chamber D, a simulation self-entry structure body 1 which is flushed into the simulation natural gas hydrate reservoir layer from the outside of the high-pressure test chamber is arranged inside the high-pressure test chamber, and the simulation self-entry structure body is driven by a launching device 2 to be ejected.
The simulated natural gas hydrate reservoir stratum consists of a natural gas hydrate simulated upper cladding layer A, a natural gas hydrate simulated reservoir layer B and a simulated natural gas hydrate lower cladding layer C.
The middle part of the simulated self-entering structural body is provided with a cavity 31, the simulated self-entering structural body comprises a connecting member 11, a main body member 13, side wings 12 positioned on two sides of the upper part of the main body member and a head member 14 positioned on the lower part of the main body member which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and the connecting member is used for connecting the main body member, an ejection device and a vertical drawing system; the lower part of the head component is provided with a sharp part, and can be in a conical shape or an arc cap shape;
the side wings are arranged for adjusting the falling posture of the simulated self-entering structural body in water and reducing deflection.
The main body component comprises an inner side water permeable protection component 17, a sand control device 3 and an outer side water permeable protection component 16 which are sequentially arranged from the two sides of the cavity to the outer side respectively, a cable packer 15 is arranged at the opening of the cavity above the main body component, an end component 18 is arranged at the lower part of the main body component, and the end component is connected with the head component.
The simulated self-entering structural body is bullet-shaped, and the main body component is cylindrical and can be used for accommodating the sand control device and a conveying channel for conveying gas or liquid; the sand control device allows gas or liquid to pass through, and plays a role in filtering sediment; the inner side water permeable protection component and the outer side water permeable protection component can protect the sand control device from being damaged.
In this embodiment, a gas-liquid collection system is arranged above the high-pressure test chamber, the gas-liquid collection system is composed of a water storage system 4 and a gas storage system 5, the gas storage system 5 comprises a gas storage tank 53, a gas compression device 52, a gas drying device 51, a first flow monitor 61 and a gas pipe 42 which are sequentially arranged, the upper end of the gas pipe is sequentially connected with the gas storage tank through the first flow monitor, the gas drying device and the gas compression device, and the lower end of the gas pipe is connected with the top of a cavity inside the simulated self-entering structural body; the water storage system 4 comprises a water storage tank 44, a water pump 43, a second flow monitor 62 and a water delivery pipe 41 which are sequentially arranged, the lower end of the water delivery pipe extends to the bottom in the cavity in the middle of the simulated self-entering structural body, a gas-liquid separation device 45 is arranged at the lower end of the water delivery pipe, and the upper end of the water delivery pipe is sequentially connected with the water storage tank through the second flow monitor and the water pump and is used for pumping the liquid simulated self-entering the cavity of the structural body into the water storage tank.
The gas-liquid collection system can transmit liquid and gas in the cavity to the external treatment system, and can reduce the internal pressure of the cavity, so that the pressure of the surrounding stratum is reduced, the decomposition of natural gas hydrate is promoted, the gas enters the cavity through the sand prevention device under the action of pressure difference, the liquid in the cavity moves downwards under the action of gravity, the gas moves upwards, the gas is collected into the gas storage tank, and the liquid is pumped into the liquid storage tank.
In addition, the gas-liquid separation device is used for performing secondary separation on liquid and gas after the liquid and the gas are subjected to gravity separation in the cavity, so that the gas is prevented from entering the water conveying pipe.
In this embodiment, the launching device includes an ejection device 22 and a vertical pulling system, the ejection device is used to give a certain initial speed for the simulated self-entering structural body to drop, so that the simulated self-entering structural body reaches a specified depth; the vertical drawing system comprises a lifting system 23 and a cable 21, wherein the upper part of the cable is connected with the lifting system, and the lower end of the cable is connected with the top of the simulation self-entering structural body.
In this embodiment, high pressure test case outside portion is provided with water pressure control system and temperature regulation system, and water pressure control system is used for exerting water pressure simulation deep sea water pressure environment to in the high pressure test case, and temperature regulation system is used for adjusting the interior temperature of high pressure test case.
In this embodiment, the simulation is provided with jet injection system from going into on the structure, jet injection system includes drive arrangement, jet pipeline 91 and is located a plurality of injection ports 92 on the jet pipeline, the jet pipeline includes vertical pipeline and 4 horizontal pipelines that are located the simulation respectively and go into structure upper portion, simulation lower part from going into the structure, one of them simulation is from going into structure upper portion, three other intervals set up in the simulation and go into the structure lower part from, every horizontal pipeline all with vertical pipeline intercommunication, vertical pipeline lower extreme extends to the head component and divide into two at least branches, the injection port is located the output of horizontal pipeline or the output of branch road, drive arrangement provides injection power for jet injection system for water carries out the water conservancy cutting to the simulation natural gas hydrate reservoir bed by the blowout of different injection ports.
The input end of the jet pipeline can be connected with a water storage tank or other external water sources and is extracted by a driving device.
The function of the jet injection system is as follows: (1) when the natural gas hydrate decomposition range is insufficient, the jet injection system sprays water to a reservoir stratum around the simulated self-entering structure, the hydraulic cutting effect of the jet injection system can increase the decomposition interface, and the exploitation efficiency is improved; (2) under the condition that the simulated reservoir of the simulated natural gas hydrate has higher hardness, when the simulated self-entering structural body fails to reach the preset depth, the jet injection system sprays water to the lower part of the simulated self-entering structural body, and the hydraulic cutting function of the jet injection system can promote the simulated self-entering structural body to further submerge; (3) the jet injection system can also inject hot seawater, carbon dioxide or chemical inhibitors into the exploitation range, so that the decomposition efficiency of the natural gas hydrate is improved; (4) carbon dioxide can be injected into the upper part of the simulated natural gas hydrate reservoir, and the carbon dioxide is solidified with surrounding water, so that the putting strength of the stratum on the upper part of the simulated natural gas hydrate reservoir can be improved, and the stability is improved.
In the embodiment, the lower part of the simulated self-entering structural body is provided with an auxiliary heating system, the auxiliary heating system comprises an electromagnetic induction coil and an electromagnetic heating controller, and the electromagnetic induction coil surrounds the surface of the lower part of the simulated self-entering structural body;
the electromagnetic induction coil directly surrounds the simulated self-entering structure by utilizing the characteristic that the simulated self-entering structure is mainly composed of steel, so that the simulated self-entering structure generates heat, the decomposition speed of the surrounding natural gas hydrate is improved, and the secondary generation of the natural gas hydrate is prevented.
In this embodiment, the sea area natural gas hydrate self-entry exploitation simulation test device further includes a control system, a monitoring system and a power supply system; the power supply system is used for supplying power to the test equipment; the control system is used for controlling the operation of each test device and the opening and closing of the pipeline; and the monitoring system is used for monitoring the running condition of each test device.
In this embodiment, in operation:
(1) checking the running condition, the pipeline connection and the equipment parameter setting condition of each system of the sea area natural gas hydrate self-entry type exploitation test simulation test device, and ensuring that the sea area natural gas hydrate self-entry type exploitation test simulation test device runs normally;
(2) the pressure and the temperature in the high-pressure test box are regulated to meet the test requirements through a water pressure control system and a temperature regulation system;
releasing a simulated self-entering structural body on the upper side of the test box through an ejection device and a vertical drawing system, and enabling the simulated self-entering structural body to rush into the simulated natural gas hydrate reservoir (generally into the natural gas hydrate simulated reservoir or the lower cladding of the natural gas hydrate simulated reservoir);
(3) the water pump drives the water pipe to pump out water in the cavity, the pressure in the cavity and the pressure of the surrounding stratum are reduced, the natural gas hydrate in the surrounding stratum is decomposed, water and natural gas formed by decomposition continuously enter the cavity under the action of pressure difference, then the water continuously enters the water pipe, and the natural gas continuously enters the gas pipe, so that the self-entering simulated exploitation of the natural gas hydrate is realized.
(4) In addition, in the working process, the periphery of the simulated self-entering structure body is heated through an auxiliary heating system or hot seawater injection, so that the decomposition efficiency of the natural gas hydrate is improved; injecting a chemical inhibitor to a reservoir stratum around the simulated self-entering structural body through a jet injection system, so that the decomposition efficiency of the natural gas hydrate is improved; when the natural gas hydrate decomposition range is insufficient, the jet injection system can also jet water in the water storage tank to a reservoir stratum around the simulated self-entering structure, and the hydraulic cutting effect of the jet injection system can increase the decomposition interface.
Any embodiment disclosed herein above is meant to disclose, unless otherwise indicated, all numerical ranges disclosed as being preferred, and any person skilled in the art would understand that: the preferred ranges are merely those values which are obvious or representative of the technical effect which can be achieved. Since the numerical values are too numerous to be exhaustive, some of the numerical values are disclosed in the present invention to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and the above-mentioned numerical values should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
If the terms "first," "second," etc. are used herein to define parts, those skilled in the art will recognize that: the terms "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one element from another in a descriptive sense and are not intended to have a special meaning unless otherwise stated.
Meanwhile, if the invention as described above discloses or relates to parts or structural members fixedly connected to each other, the fixedly connected parts can be understood as follows, unless otherwise stated: a detachable fixed connection (for example using bolts or screws) is also understood as: non-detachable fixed connections (e.g. riveting, welding), but of course, fixed connections to each other may also be replaced by one-piece structures (e.g. manufactured integrally using a casting process) (unless it is obviously impossible to use an integral forming process).
In addition, terms used in any technical solutions disclosed in the present invention to indicate positional relationships or shapes include approximate, similar or approximate states or shapes unless otherwise stated.
Any part provided by the invention can be assembled by a plurality of independent components or can be manufactured by an integral forming process.
Finally, it should be noted that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that: modifications to the specific embodiments of the invention or equivalent substitutions for parts of the technical features may be made; without departing from the spirit of the present invention, it is intended to cover all aspects of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The sea area natural gas hydrate self-entering type exploitation simulation test device is characterized by comprising a high-pressure test box, wherein seawater, a simulation seabed and a simulation natural gas hydrate reservoir layer are arranged inside the high-pressure test box, a simulation self-entering structure body which is flushed into the simulation natural gas hydrate reservoir layer from the outside of the high-pressure test box is arranged inside the high-pressure test box, and the simulation self-entering structure body is driven by a launching device to be ejected.
2. The sea area natural gas hydrate self-entry exploitation simulation test device according to claim 1, wherein a cavity is arranged in the middle of the self-entry simulation structure, and the self-entry simulation structure comprises a connecting member, a main body member, side wings positioned on two sides of the upper portion of the main body member, and a head member positioned on the lower portion of the main body member, which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; the lower part of the head component is provided with a sharp part.
3. The offshore natural gas hydrate self-entry exploitation simulation test device according to claim 2, wherein the main body member comprises an inner water permeable protection member, a sand control device and an outer water permeable protection member which are sequentially arranged from two sides of the cavity to the outside, a cable packer is arranged at an opening of the cavity above the main body member, an end member is arranged at the lower part of the main body member, and the end member is connected with the head member.
4. The sea area natural gas hydrate self-entry exploitation simulation test device according to claim 2, wherein a gas-liquid collection system is arranged above the high-pressure test chamber, the gas-liquid collection system is composed of a water storage system and a gas storage system, the gas storage system comprises a gas storage tank, a gas compression device, a gas drying device, a first flow monitor and a gas pipe which are sequentially arranged, the upper end of the gas pipe is sequentially connected with the gas storage tank through the first flow monitor, the gas drying device and the gas compression device, and the lower end of the gas pipe is connected with the top of the cavity inside the simulation self-entry structure; the water storage system comprises a water storage tank, a water pump, a second flow monitor and a water delivery pipe which are sequentially arranged, the lower end of the water delivery pipe extends to the bottom in the cavity in the middle of the simulation self-entering structure body, a gas-liquid separation device is arranged at the lower end of the water delivery pipe, and the upper end of the water delivery pipe is sequentially connected with the water storage tank through the second flow monitor and the water pump and is used for pumping liquid which is simulated in the cavity of the simulation self-entering structure body into the water storage tank.
5. The offshore natural gas hydrate self-entry exploitation simulation test device according to claim 3, wherein the launching device comprises an ejection device and a vertical pulling system, and the ejection device is used for giving a certain initial speed for the simulated self-entry structure to descend so that the simulated self-entry structure reaches a specified depth; the vertical drawing system comprises a lifting system and a cable, wherein the upper part of the cable is connected with the lifting system, and the lower end of the cable is connected with the top of the simulation self-entering structural body.
6. The offshore natural gas hydrate self-entry exploitation simulation test device according to claim 4, wherein a water pressure control system and a temperature regulation system are arranged on the outer side of the high-pressure test box, the water pressure control system is used for applying water pressure to the inside of the high-pressure test box to simulate a deep sea water pressure environment, and the temperature regulation system is used for regulating the temperature inside the high-pressure test box.
7. The offshore natural gas hydrate self-entry exploitation simulation test device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the simulated natural gas hydrate reservoir is composed of a natural gas hydrate simulated upper cladding, a natural gas hydrate simulated reservoir and a simulated natural gas hydrate lower cladding.
8. The sea area natural gas hydrate self-entry exploitation simulation test device according to claim 6, wherein a jet injection system is arranged on the simulated self-entry structure, the jet injection system includes a driving device, a jet pipeline and a plurality of injection ports located on the jet pipeline, the jet pipeline includes a vertical pipeline and a plurality of horizontal pipelines located on the upper portion of the simulated self-entry structure and the lower portion of the simulated self-entry structure respectively, the lower end of the vertical pipeline extends to the head member and is divided into at least two branches, the injection ports are located at the output ends of the horizontal pipelines or the output ends of the branches, and the driving device provides injection power for the jet injection system so that water is ejected from different injection ports to perform hydraulic cutting on the simulated natural gas hydrate reservoir.
9. The offshore natural gas hydrate self-entering type exploitation simulation test device according to claim 8, wherein an auxiliary heating system is arranged at a lower portion of the self-entering simulation structure, the auxiliary heating system comprises an electromagnetic induction coil and an electromagnetic heating controller, and the electromagnetic induction coil surrounds the surface of the lower portion of the self-entering simulation structure.
10. A test method using the offshore natural gas hydrate self-entry type exploitation simulation test device according to claim 9, comprising the steps of: (1) checking the running condition, the pipeline connection and the equipment parameter setting condition of each system of the sea area natural gas hydrate self-entry type exploitation test simulation test device, and ensuring that the sea area natural gas hydrate self-entry type exploitation test simulation test device runs normally; (2) the pressure and the temperature in the high-pressure test box are regulated to meet the test requirements through a water pressure control system and a temperature regulation system; (3) releasing a simulated self-entering structural body on the upper side of the test box through an ejection device and a vertical drawing system, and punching the simulated self-entering structural body into the simulated natural gas hydrate reservoir for fixing; (4) the water pump drives the water delivery pipe to pump out water in the cavity, the internal pressure of the cavity and the pressure of surrounding strata are reduced, natural gas hydrate in the surrounding strata is promoted to be decomposed, water and natural gas formed by decomposition continuously enter the cavity under the action of differential pressure, then the water continuously enters the water delivery pipe, and the natural gas continuously enters the gas delivery pipe, so that self-entering simulated exploitation of the natural gas hydrate is realized; (5) in addition, in the working process, the periphery of the simulated self-entering structure body is heated through an auxiliary heating system or hot seawater injection, so that the decomposition efficiency of the natural gas hydrate is improved; injecting a chemical inhibitor to a reservoir stratum around the simulated self-entering structural body through a jet injection system, so that the decomposition efficiency of the natural gas hydrate is improved; when the natural gas hydrate decomposition range is insufficient, the jet injection system can also jet water in the water storage tank to a reservoir stratum around the simulated self-entering structure, and the hydraulic cutting effect of the jet injection system can increase the decomposition interface.
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