CN112359302A - Method for homogenizing nickel-based superalloy flat steel structure - Google Patents
Method for homogenizing nickel-based superalloy flat steel structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN112359302A CN112359302A CN202011200947.9A CN202011200947A CN112359302A CN 112359302 A CN112359302 A CN 112359302A CN 202011200947 A CN202011200947 A CN 202011200947A CN 112359302 A CN112359302 A CN 112359302A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/10—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of nickel or cobalt or alloys based thereon
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/023—Alloys based on nickel
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
- C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
- C22C19/058—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium without Mo and W
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for homogenizing a nickel-based superalloy flat steel structure, and aims to provide rolled flat steel with qualified grain size and mechanical properties meeting standard requirements for a high-temperature-stage multistage blade material of a 600 ℃ ultra-supercritical steam turbine. The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: vacuum Induction (VIM), electroslag remelting (ESR) smelting → hammer forging square billet → finish rolling (650+ WF5-40 reversing continuous mill) flat steel → tissue homogenization treatment (electric heating furnace or gas furnace) → standard heat treatment (electric heating furnace). The invention has the following advantages: the GH4080A alloy is subjected to structure homogenization treatment before standardized heat treatment, so that the problem of an original mixed crystal structure is solved, and the grain size reaches 3-6 levels of the technical standard requirement; and after the technical scheme is applied, the lasting time of 750 ℃/310MPa averagely reaches 136h, which is higher than 100h required by the standard.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of manufacturing of nickel-based superalloy materials, and particularly relates to a method for homogenizing a structure of a nickel-based superalloy GH4080A flat steel.
Technical Field
The high-temperature alloy has excellent comprehensive mechanical property, oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance, so that the high-temperature alloy becomes an indispensable material for bearing key parts of severe use environments such as high temperature, corrosion, long-acting load and the like in the industrial fields such as petrifaction, nuclear power, aviation, aerospace and the like. The GH4080A alloy is a gamma' phase (Ni3(Al, Ti)) strengthened nickel-based superalloy, and in view of good corrosion resistance and high-temperature endurance strength of the nickel-based superalloy GH4080A, the alloy has recently been selected as a high-temperature stage multi-stage blade material of a 600 ℃ ultra-supercritical steam turbine and other important parts. Due to rolling deformation, the GH4080A alloy has large storage energy inside, and after air cooling and solid solution at 1050-1080 ℃ for 8h, the grain structure is abnormally grown to form a 7-grade-0-grade mixed crystal structure (see figure 2), so that the alloy has poor 750 ℃/310MPa durability, and the stability and reliability of the alloy cannot be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention discloses a method for homogenizing a nickel-based superalloy flat steel structure, and aims to provide rolled flat steel with qualified grain size and mechanical properties meeting standard requirements for a high-temperature-stage multistage blade material of a 600 ℃ ultra-supercritical steam turbine.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
vacuum Induction (VIM), electroslag remelting (ESR) smelting → hammer forging square billet → finish rolling (650+ WF5-40 reversing continuous mill) flat steel → tissue homogenization treatment (electric heating furnace or gas furnace) → standard heat treatment (electric heating furnace).
The method comprises the following specific production process steps:
(1) producing a steel ingot by adopting a vacuum induction furnace (VIM) and electroslag remelting (ESR) smelting mode;
1. the ingot chemistry is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Steel ingot chemical composition
2. A vacuum induction furnace (VIM) and electroslag remelting (ESR) smelting mode is adopted to produce the steel ingot, so that the low gas content, high purity and uniform components of the steel ingot are ensured.
3. The specification of the electroslag steel ingot is phi 360 mm.
(2) Hammer forging cogging of steel ingot
Heating and fully burning the electroslag steel ingot, and forging a square billet of 80-120 mm by adopting a hydraulic hammer.
(3) And (3) after the steel ingot of the flat steel square billet rolled by the 650+ WF5-40 reversible continuous mill is heated and fully sintered, rolling (10-90) mmx (60-100) mm square flat steel by the 650+ WF5-40 reversible continuous mill.
(4) Tissue homogenization treatment (electric heating furnace or gas furnace)
1. In order to ensure that the furnace temperature of each flat steel is uniform, the rolled flat steel is firstly subjected to tooling;
2. and (3) carrying out tissue homogenization treatment on the finished flat steel after the assembly in a chamber type electric heating furnace, heating the flat steel along with the furnace to 1130 ℃, preserving the heat for not less than 1h, and then discharging the flat steel out of the furnace and air-cooling the flat steel to the room temperature (see figure 1).
(5) Standardized heat treatment (electric heating furnace)
1. In order to ensure that the furnace temperature of each flat steel is uniform, the flat steel is firstly subjected to tooling;
2. firstly, the solid solution temperature is 1050-1080 ℃, the temperature is preserved for 8h after soaking, and then air cooling is carried out (generally, the surface temperature of the bar is cooled to below 60 ℃;
3. the stabilizing temperature is 845 +/-10 ℃, the temperature is kept for 24h after soaking, and then air cooling is carried out (generally, the surface temperature of the bar is cooled to be below 60 ℃;
4. the aging temperature is 700 +/-10 ℃, the heat preservation is carried out for 16h after soaking, and then air cooling is carried out.
Second, the standard requirement of mechanical property
(1) Mechanical properties
1. The room temperature mechanical properties are shown in Table 2;
TABLE 2 mechanical Properties at Room temperature
2. The high temperature durability is shown in Table 3;
TABLE 3 high temperature durability
(2) Macroscopic tissue
The cross-sectional acid-leached macrostructure should be uniform and not allow for the presence of visually observable coarse grains, transition segregation, shrinkage porosity, bubbles, inclusions, cracks, scale and other deleterious defects.
(3) Grain size
The average grain size should be grade 3 to grade 6 (see fig. 3); the grains should be uniform, allowing for the presence of the largest grains of ALA 3 in the field of view, but not allowing for the presence of grains coarser than grade 1.
Description of the innovative points of the present invention: the tissue homogenization treatment process is added before the standard heat treatment, and then the electric heating furnace of a bench furnace is adopted for carrying out the standard treatment.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the GH4080A alloy is subjected to structure homogenization treatment before standardized heat treatment, so that the problem of an original mixed crystal structure is solved, and the grain size reaches 3-6 levels of the technical standard requirement;
and the endurance time of 750 ℃/310MPa after the technical scheme is applied reaches 136h on average, which is higher than that of standard heat treatment (see figure 4).
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flat steel structure homogenization heat treatment curve;
FIG. 2 is a photograph of the flat steel without the uniformization of grain size;
FIG. 3 is a grain size picture of the homogenized flat steel structure;
FIG. 4750 deg.C/310 MPa permanence time contrast trend chart.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.
The examples 1 to 3 all adopt the same process for production: vacuum Induction (VIM) + electroslag remelting (ESR) smelting → hammer forging billet → finish rolling (650+ WF5-40 reversing continuous mill) flat steel → tissue homogenization treatment (electric heating furnace or gas furnace) → heat treatment according to standardization (electric heating furnace).
1. The steel ingot is produced by adopting a vacuum induction furnace (VIM) and electroslag remelting (ESR) smelting mode, so that the low gas content, high purity and uniform components of the steel ingot are ensured; the specification of the electroslag steel ingot is phi 360mm, and the chemical composition is shown in Table 4;
2. forging and cogging a steel ingot by a hammer, heating and fully burning an electroslag steel ingot, and forging a square billet by a hydraulic hammer, wherein the scheme is as follows: 85mm × 85mm, case column 2: 90 mm. times.90 mm, case 3: 110mm × 110 mm;
3. finish rolling 650+ WF5-40 reversible tandem mill to roll flat steel, heating and fully burning square billet steel ingot, rolling the flat steel by 650+ WF5-40 reversible tandem mill, case 1: 34mm X70 mm, column 2: 40 mm. times.75 mm, case 3: 48mm multiplied by 98 mm;
4. tissue homogenization treatment (electric heating furnace)
The method comprises the steps of ensuring that the furnace temperature of each flat steel is uniform, and firstly performing tooling on the rolled flat steel;
secondly, carrying out tissue homogenization treatment on the finished flat steel after the tooling in a chamber type electric heating furnace, heating the flat steel along with the furnace to 1130 ℃, carrying out heat preservation on the flat steel for 1.5 hours in the embodiments 1-3, and then discharging the flat steel from the furnace and air cooling the flat steel to room temperature (see figure 2);
5. standardized heat treatment (electric heating furnace)
The method comprises the steps of ensuring that the furnace temperature of each piece of flat steel is uniform, and firstly carrying out tooling on the flat steel.
Firstly, carrying out solid solution at 1050-1080 ℃, soaking, then preserving heat for 8h, and then air cooling (generally, the surface temperature of the bar is cooled to below 60 ℃;
thirdly, the stabilizing temperature is 845 +/-10 ℃, heat preservation is carried out for 24 hours after soaking, and then air cooling is carried out (generally, the surface temperature of the bar is cooled to be below 60 ℃;
the aging temperature is 700 +/-10 ℃, heat preservation is carried out for 16h after soaking, and then air cooling is carried out.
6. Test results
Table 5 for indicating room temperature mechanical properties
The high-temperature durability and the grain size grade are shown in the table 6
TABLE 4 Steel ingot chemical composition
TABLE 5 mechanical Properties at Room temperature
TABLE 6 high temperature durability
Claims (4)
1. A method for homogenizing the structure of a nickel-based superalloy flat steel is characterized in that vacuum induction and electroslag remelting smelting → hammer forging square billet → 650+ WF5-40 reversing continuous mill finish rolling flat steel → an electric heating furnace or a gas furnace → the electric heating furnace is adopted for homogenizing the structure according to standardized heat treatment → inspection;
the chemical composition of the nickel-based superalloy ingot is shown in the table 1.
TABLE 1 Steel ingot chemical composition
The vacuum induction furnace and electroslag remelting produce steel ingots, so that the low gas content, high purity and uniform components of the steel ingots are ensured, and the specification of the electroslag steel ingots is phi 360 mm.
Forging and cogging the steel ingot by a hammer, heating and fully burning the electroslag steel ingot, and forging a square billet of 80-120 mm by a hydraulic hammer;
and (3) rolling the flat steel by using the finish rolling 650+ WF5-40 reversible continuous mill, heating and fully burning a square billet steel ingot, and rolling (10-90) mmX (60-100) mm square flat steel.
The structure homogenization treatment adopts an electric heating furnace or a gas furnace, the rolled flat steel is firstly processed by tooling, the finished flat steel after the tooling is processed by the structure homogenization treatment in a chamber type electric heating furnace, the temperature is raised along with the furnace, the flat steel is heated to 1130 ℃, the temperature is kept for not less than 1h, and then the flat steel is discharged from the furnace and air-cooled to the room temperature.
The standardized heat treatment adopts an electric heating furnace, the flat steel is firstly processed by tooling, the solid solution temperature is 1050-1080 ℃, the heat preservation is carried out for 8 hours after soaking, and then the surface temperature of the bar is cooled to be below 60 ℃ usually by air cooling; stabilizing at 845 +/-10 ℃, soaking, keeping the temperature for 24h, and then air-cooling the surface temperature of the bar to below 60 ℃; the aging temperature is 700 +/-10 ℃, the heat preservation is carried out for 16h after soaking, and then air cooling is carried out.
And (3) testing the mechanical property:
1. the room temperature mechanical properties are shown in Table 2;
TABLE 2 mechanical Properties at Room temperature
2. The high temperature durability is shown in Table 3;
TABLE 3 high temperature durability
The macroscopic tissues are: the cross-sectional acid-leached macrostructure should be uniform and not allow for the presence of visually observable coarse grains, transition segregation, shrinkage porosity, bubbles, inclusions, cracks, scale and other deleterious defects.
The grain size is as follows: the average grain size should be 3-6 grade; the grains should be uniform, allowing for the presence of the largest grains of ALA 3 in the field of view, but not allowing for the presence of grains coarser than grade 1.
2. The method for homogenizing the structure of the nickel-base superalloy flat steel according to claim 1, wherein the 85mm x 85mm square billet is forged by a hydraulic hammer; rolling flat steel 34mm multiplied by 70mm by adopting a 650+ WF5-40 reversible continuous rolling mill; carrying out tissue homogenization treatment on the finished flat steel after the assembly in a chamber type electric heating furnace, heating the flat steel along with the furnace to 1130 ℃, and preserving the heat for 1.5 hours; the chemical composition of the steel ingot is shown in table 4,
TABLE 4 Steel ingot chemical composition
The room temperature mechanical properties are shown in Table 5,
TABLE 5 mechanical Properties at Room temperature
The high temperature durability properties are shown in Table 6,
TABLE 6 high temperature durability
3. The method for homogenizing the structure of the nickel-base superalloy flat steel according to claim 1, wherein the 90mm x 90mm square billet is forged by a hydraulic hammer; rolling flat steel 40mm multiplied by 75mm by adopting a 650+ WF5-40 reversible continuous rolling mill; carrying out tissue homogenization treatment on the finished flat steel after the assembly in a chamber type electric heating furnace, heating the flat steel along with the furnace to 1130 ℃, and preserving the heat for 1.5 hours; the chemical composition of the steel ingot is shown in table 7,
TABLE 7 ingot chemical composition
The room temperature mechanical properties are shown in Table 8,
TABLE 8 mechanical Properties at Room temperature
The high temperature durability properties are shown in Table 9,
TABLE 9 high temperature durability
4. The method for homogenizing the structure of the nickel-base superalloy flat steel according to claim 1, wherein the square billet with the diameter of 110mm x 110mm is forged by a hydraulic hammer; rolling flat steel 48mm multiplied by 98mm by adopting a 650+ WF5-40 reversible continuous rolling mill; carrying out tissue homogenization treatment on the finished flat steel after the assembly in a chamber type electric heating furnace, heating the flat steel along with the furnace to 1130 ℃, and preserving the heat for 1.5 hours; the chemical composition of the steel ingot is shown in table 10,
TABLE 10 ingot chemical composition
The room-temperature mechanical properties are shown in Table 11,
TABLE 11 mechanical Properties at Room temperature
The high temperature durability properties are shown in table 12,
TABLE 12 high temperature durability
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115233012A (en) * | 2022-07-19 | 2022-10-25 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Manufacturing method of nickel-based high-temperature alloy hot rolled plate |
| CN116732390A (en) * | 2023-06-30 | 2023-09-12 | 江西宝顺昌特种合金制造有限公司 | 80A alloy and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115233012A (en) * | 2022-07-19 | 2022-10-25 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Manufacturing method of nickel-based high-temperature alloy hot rolled plate |
| CN115233012B (en) * | 2022-07-19 | 2023-08-11 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Manufacturing method of nickel-based superalloy hot rolled plate |
| CN116732390A (en) * | 2023-06-30 | 2023-09-12 | 江西宝顺昌特种合金制造有限公司 | 80A alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN116732390B (en) * | 2023-06-30 | 2024-02-09 | 江西宝顺昌特种合金制造有限公司 | 80A alloy and preparation method thereof |
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