CN112359274A - Round steel for high-strength wind power anchor bolt and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Round steel for high-strength wind power anchor bolt and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
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- B22D11/11—Treating the molten metal
- B22D11/114—Treating the molten metal by using agitating or vibrating means
- B22D11/115—Treating the molten metal by using agitating or vibrating means by using magnetic fields
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/064—Dephosphorising; Desulfurising
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- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
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- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/10—Handling in a vacuum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/06—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of rods or wires
- C21D8/065—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of rods or wires of ferrous alloys
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- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
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- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/20—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with copper
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
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- C22C38/28—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with titanium or zirconium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
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Abstract
The invention discloses a round steel for a high-strength wind power anchor bolt and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the round steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c: 0.36-0.46%, Mn: 0.70-1.10%, Si: less than or equal to 0.25 percent, Mo: 0.15-0.35%, Cr: 0.90-1.45%, Ni: less than or equal to 0.30 percent, Al: 0.015 to 0.030%, P: less than or equal to 0.015%, S: less than or equal to 0.015 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. According to the invention, through chemical component proportion optimization and reasonable design of a manufacturing process, through smelting continuous casting, heap cooling, heating, descaling rolling, ultrasonic wave and magnetic flux leakage flaw detection, the purity of steel of the round steel for the wind power anchor bolt and the mechanical property after heat treatment are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a round steel for a high-strength wind power anchor bolt and a manufacturing method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of wind power fasteners.
Background
At present, wind power is developed rapidly, in new electric energy, the wind power is developed at the fastest speed, and high-strength fasteners for the wind power are used in the field for a long time, so that the environment is severe, the maintenance conditions are poor, and the service life of more than 15 years is required to be guaranteed under the normal continuous working condition. The high-strength bolt steel is widely applied to wind turbine generators, and with the development of wind power, higher and higher requirements are provided for the safety and reliability of the high-strength bolt steel. For steel manufacturing enterprises, the development of steel for fasteners for wind power is of great importance.
The high-strength steel bar for the wind power fastener is mainly made of 42CrMoA, 42CrMo (Ni) and the like, the demand is about 10 ten thousand tons every year, along with the increasingly fierce market competition of domestic and foreign common fasteners, the high-strength steel for the wind power fastener is a high-end variety of the steel for the fastener, the production stability and the control level of the steel for the fastener in a steel mill are reflected, and the product quality and the grade of the steel for the wind power fastener are improved to become the best breach. The steel has good high-temperature and low-temperature comprehensive mechanical properties after tempering, and can be used for manufacturing parts such as anchor bolts, screw caps and the like which are important in use. Therefore, the round steel for lifting the wind power anchor bolt is researched and developed, the quality of a product is improved, and the use requirement of a user is met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides the round steel for the high-strength wind power anchor bolt and the manufacturing method thereof, so that the strength and toughness of the round steel for the wind power anchor bolt are improved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a round steel for a high-strength wind power anchor bolt, which comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c: 0.36 to 0.46 percent
Mn：0.70~1.10%
Si：≤0.25%
Mo：0.15~0.35%
Cr：0.90~1.45%
Ni：≤0.30%
Al：0.015～0.030％
P：≤0.015％
S：≤0.015％
The balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
With reference to the first aspect, further, the chemical composition further contains 1 or more than 2 elements selected from the following elements in percentage by weight:
Cu：0.02~0.10%
V：0.01~0.12%
Nb：0.03~0.15%
Ti：0.02~0.35%
N：0.003~0.05%。
furthermore, the diameter of the round steel for the high-strength wind power anchor bolt is 20-50 mm.
In a second aspect, the invention also provides a method for manufacturing the round steel for the high-strength wind power anchor bolt, which comprises the following preparation steps:
smelting and continuous casting: sequentially carrying out converter and external refining, vacuum degassing and continuous casting on the chemical components of claim 1 or 2;
and (3) cooling in a heaped mode: wind-shielding and pile-cooling the continuous casting billet for over 36 hours;
heating: heating and preserving heat for more than 3 hours at 1150-1250 ℃ to roll the continuous casting billet into round steel;
descaling and rolling: descaling the round steel, wherein the rough rolling stage is 1050-1220 ℃, the finish rolling stage is 900-1050 ℃, the temperature of the round steel entering a cooling bed is 800-950 ℃, and the round steel is naturally cooled after being rolled;
ultrasonic and magnetic flux leakage flaw detection: the round steel quality is detected by using an instrument.
With reference to the second aspect, further, after the external refining, argon blowing is performed for not less than 20 minutes, and ladle casting is performed.
Furthermore, the crystallizer in the smelting continuous casting process adopts electromagnetic stirring.
Furthermore, the electromagnetic stirring adopts a process of stirring I =400A, f =2Hz, stirring I =400A, and stirring F =10Hz, so that columnar crystals can be broken, isometric crystals can be increased, the growth of the columnar crystals can be effectively controlled, and the isometric crystal rate can be increased.
Furthermore, in the smelting continuous casting process, the center porosity of the hot-rolled round steel is not more than 1.0 grade, and the shrinkage cavity is not more than 0.5 grade.
Furthermore, in the smelting continuous casting process, the deviation of the component C is within 0.02%, and the deviation of the alloy elements is within 0.05%.
Furthermore, the surface cracks of the round steel subjected to ultrasonic and magnetic flux leakage flaw detection are not more than 0.2 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the round steel for the high-strength wind power anchor bolt and the manufacturing method thereof provided by the invention effectively improve the strength and toughness of the round steel for the wind power anchor bolt on the basis of the existing manufacturing equipment,
(1) the components are adjusted and controlled in percentage by mass to achieve the matching of the best strength and toughness;
(2) the external refining and vacuum degassing operation is adopted, so that the content of S, P elements and nonmetallic inclusions in the steel is reduced, and the purity and uniformity of molten steel are improved;
(3) the continuous casting crystallizer adopts an electromagnetic stirring process of first stirring and last stirring, so that the segregation degree of the casting blank is reduced;
(4) and descaling and rolling are carried out, so that excessive growth of austenite grains is avoided, the tapping rhythm is strictly controlled, tapping is balanced, and the hot rolling state structure and performance fluctuation of the bar are reduced.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
The round steel for the high-strength wind power anchor bolt is adjusted and controlled according to the proportion range of alloy chemical elements such as C, Mn, Si, Cr, Mo and the like so as to achieve the matching of the optimal strength and toughness. Ensuring good comprehensive mechanical property index of the steel grade.
The round steel for the high-strength wind power anchor bolt comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c: 0.36-0.46%, Mn: 0.70-1.10%, Si: less than or equal to 0.25 percent, Mo: 0.15-0.35%, Cr: 0.90-1.45%, Ni: less than or equal to 0.30 percent, Al: 0.015 to 0.030%, P: less than or equal to 0.015%, S: less than or equal to 0.015 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
A method for manufacturing round steel for a high-strength wind power anchor bolt is characterized in that smelting continuous casting, heap cooling, heating, descaling rolling, ultrasonic wave and magnetic flux leakage flaw detection are adopted for production;
smelting adopts a duplex method or a double-slag method for production, and sequentially comprises converter and external refining, vacuum degassing and continuous casting, wherein argon blowing is carried out for not less than 20 minutes after the external refining, and ladle casting is carried out to ensure that the deviation of the C component is within 0.02 percent and the deviation of the alloy element is within 0.05 percent. The method is characterized in that a vertical bending type continuous casting machine is adopted for production, a continuous casting crystallizer is subjected to electromagnetic stirring, firstly stirred (I =400A, f =2 Hz), and not stirred (I =400A, f =10 Hz), and aims to break columnar crystals, increase isometric crystals, control the growth of the columnar crystals and increase the isometric crystal rate. The superheat degree of the tundish is controlled within the range of 20-35 ℃, the cooling system adopts weak cooling, and the specific water amount is 0.45L/kg.
Then, carrying out wind-shielding and pile cooling on the continuous casting billet for over 36 hours;
heating and preserving heat of the continuous casting billet at 1150-1250 ℃ for more than 3 hours to roll the continuous casting billet into round steel;
and (2) descaling the round steel, wherein the rough rolling stage is 1050-1220 ℃, the finish rolling stage is 900-1050 ℃, the temperature of the round steel entering a cooling bed is 800-950 ℃, the round steel is naturally cooled after rolling, and the center porosity and the shrinkage cavity of the prepared hot rolled round steel are not more than 1.0 grade and not more than 0.5 grade.
And (3) detecting the quality of the round steel by using an instrument, wherein the surface crack of the round steel is not more than 0.2 mm.
After the round steel is rolled, a quenching and tempering treatment process is adopted to obtain a fine and uniform tempered cable body structure, the round steel has good comprehensive mechanical properties, and compared with normalizing, the round steel has more excellent comprehensive mechanical properties and more uniform properties compared with TMCP (thermal mechanical control processing) and tempering processes. In order to fully exert the effects of Ni, Cr, Mo and other alloy elements in the steel and simultaneously combine other elements and the characteristics of a rolling process, the rolled structure is fully austenitized by quenching and then rapidly cooled to obtain a quenched martensite structure, and alloy carbides in the steel are fully and uniformly precipitated by high-temperature tempering to ensure the performance of the steel plate.
Example 1
The invention provides a round steel for a high-strength wind power anchor bolt, which comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass:
C：0.41%
Mn：0.80%
Si：0.25%
Mo：0.15%
Cr：1.17%
Ni：0.08%
Al：0.026％
P：0.015％
S：0.002％
Cu：0.10％
N：0.003%
the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, and the diameter of the finished round steel is 37 mm.
The preparation method of the round steel comprises the following steps:
according to the preparation method of the embodiment, the molten steel is subjected to smelting continuous casting, heap cooling, heating, descaling and rolling into round steel, ultrasonic and magnetic flux leakage flaw detection according to the chemical components in percentage by weight. The preparation and treatment process is shown in Table 1, example 1, and the mechanical properties are shown in Table 2, example 1.
The prepared round steel with the diameter of 37mm completely meets the requirements of various performance indexes, and meanwhile, the round steel has good tensile strength, yield strength, surface shrinkage and low-temperature impact toughness and also meets the ultrasonic flaw detection requirements of the GB/T4162A-level standard.
Example 2
The invention provides a round steel for a high-strength wind power anchor bolt, which comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass:
C：0.43%
Mn：0.70%
Si：0.20%
Mo：0.25%
Cr：1.20%
Ni：0.10%
Al：0.021％
P：0.012％
S：0.009％
Cu：0.02%
V：0.12%
the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, and the diameter of the finished round steel is 40 mm.
The preparation method of the round steel comprises the following steps:
according to the preparation method of the embodiment, the molten steel is subjected to smelting continuous casting, heap cooling, heating, descaling and rolling into round steel, ultrasonic and magnetic flux leakage flaw detection according to the chemical components in percentage by weight. The preparation and treatment process is shown in example 2 in Table 1, and the mechanical properties are shown in example 2 in Table 2.
The prepared round steel with the diameter of 40mm completely meets the requirements of various performance indexes, and meanwhile, the round steel has good tensile strength, yield strength, surface shrinkage and low-temperature impact toughness and also meets the ultrasonic flaw detection requirements of the GB/T4162A-level standard.
Example 3
The invention provides a round steel for a high-strength wind power anchor bolt, which comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass:
C：0.40%
Mn：0.95%
Si：0.15%
Mo：0.20%
Cr：0.98%
Ni：0.15%
Al：0.018％
P：0.011％
S：0.005％
V：0.01%
Nb：0.15%
the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, and the diameter of the finished round steel is 38 mm.
The preparation method of the round steel comprises the following steps:
according to the preparation method of the embodiment, the molten steel is subjected to smelting continuous casting, heap cooling, heating, descaling and rolling into round steel, ultrasonic and magnetic flux leakage flaw detection according to the chemical components in percentage by weight. The preparation and treatment process is shown in example 3 in Table 1, and the mechanical properties are shown in example 3 in Table 2.
The prepared round steel with the diameter of 38mm completely meets the requirements of various performance indexes, has good tensile strength and yield strength, surface shrinkage and low-temperature impact toughness, and also meets the ultrasonic flaw detection requirements of the GB/T4162A-level standard.
Example 4
The invention provides a round steel for a high-strength wind power anchor bolt, which comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass:
C：0.39%
Mn：0.90%
Si：0.10%
Mo：0.25%
Cr：1.25%
Ni：0.25%
Al：0.030％
P：0.005％
S：0.011％
Nb：0.03%
Ti：0.035%
the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, and the thickness of the finished round steel is 45 mm.
The preparation method of the round steel comprises the following steps:
according to the preparation method of the embodiment, the molten steel is subjected to smelting continuous casting, heap cooling, heating, descaling and rolling into round steel, ultrasonic and magnetic flux leakage flaw detection according to the chemical components in percentage by weight. The preparation and treatment process is shown in example 4 in Table 1, and the mechanical properties are shown in example 4 in Table 2.
The prepared round steel with the diameter of 45mm completely meets the requirements of various performance indexes, has good tensile strength and yield strength, surface shrinkage and low-temperature impact toughness, and also meets the ultrasonic flaw detection requirements of the GB/T4162A-level standard.
Example 5
The invention provides a round steel for a high-strength wind power anchor bolt, which comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass:
C：0.42%
Mn：0.80%
Si：0.15%
Mo：0.23%
Cr：0.90%
Ni：0.30%
Al：0.015％
P：0.003％
S：0.015％
Ti：0.02%
N：0.05%。
the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, and the thickness of the finished round steel is 50 mm.
The preparation method of the round steel comprises the following steps:
according to the preparation method of the embodiment, molten steel is subjected to smelting continuous casting, heap cooling, heating, descaling rolling, ultrasonic wave and magnetic flux leakage flaw detection according to the chemical components in percentage by weight, and a finished round steel is rolled. The preparation and treatment process is shown in Table 1, example 5, and the mechanical properties are shown in Table 2, example 5.
The prepared round steel with the diameter of 50mm completely meets the requirements of various performance indexes, has good tensile strength and yield strength, surface shrinkage and low-temperature impact toughness, and also meets the ultrasonic flaw detection requirements of the GB/T4162A-level standard.
The processing steps in the manufacturing process of examples 1-5 are shown in Table 1.
Table 1: process parameters of the manufacturing Process of the examples
According to the invention, the tests of examples 1-5 are carried out according to the proportion of alloy chemical elements of the round steel for the high-strength wind power anchor bolt by using the provided manufacturing method, and the mechanical properties of the prepared round steel are shown in Table 2.
Table 2: mechanical properties of round steel prepared in each example
The invention has better matching to each alloying element in the aspect of chemical composition design, and adjusts and controls according to the designed target composition to achieve the matching of the best strength and toughness. The addition of Ni can have good toughness and smaller notch sensitivity, and the invention improves the content of Mn, reduces the content of Si, improves the content of Mo and ensures the tempering stability; meanwhile, in order to improve the low-temperature impact performance, the purity of the steel needs to be ensured, and the residual elements are controlled to ensure that the P, S content is below 0.015 percent as much as possible, and the Al content is controlled to be 0.015 to 0.030 percent, so that the effect of refining grains is achieved.
Compared with the existing manufacturing equipment, the manufacturing method of the round steel for the high-strength wind power anchor bolt provided by the invention has no new equipment. The external refining and vacuum degassing operation is adopted, so that the content of S, P elements and nonmetallic inclusions in the steel is reduced, and the purity and uniformity of molten steel are improved; the segregation degree of the casting blank is reduced by adopting a first stirring and last stirring process; optimizing a cooling process and improving the internal quality of a casting blank; and a proper heating process is adopted, so that the hot rolling state structure and the performance fluctuation of the bar are small. The steel grade prepared by the experiment is similar to the chemical range of 42CrMoA steel in GB/T3077-. The manufacturing technical performance of the invention meets the requirements of technical agreements, the product percent of pass can reach more than 95 percent, the purity of the prepared steel is high, the non-metallic inclusions A are less than or equal to 2.0 grade, B are less than or equal to 2.0 grade, C is less than or equal to 1.5 grade, D is less than or equal to 2.0 grade, and DS is less than or equal to 2.0 grade, and the purity of the prepared steel exceeds the level of national standard super grade high quality steel. Meanwhile, the mechanical property Rm of the whole heat treatment is more than or equal to 1040MPa, Rel is more than or equal to 940MPa, A is more than or equal to 9 percent, Z is more than or equal to 48 percent, and the impact energy detection at the temperature of-40 ℃ is more than or equal to 27J, and each index is superior to the performance index of the steel plate manufactured by the prior art.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The round steel for the high-strength wind power anchor bolt is characterized by comprising the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c: 0.36 to 0.46 percent
Mn：0.70~1.10%
Si：≤0.25%
Mo：0.15~0.35%
Cr：0.90~1.45%
Ni：≤0.30%
Al：0.015～0.030％
P：≤0.015％
S：≤0.015％
The balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
2. The round steel for a high-strength wind power anchor bolt according to claim 1, wherein the chemical composition further contains 1 or more than 2 elements selected from the following elements in percentage by weight:
Cu：0.02~0.10%
V：0.01~0.12%
Nb：0.03~0.15%
Ti：0.02~0.35%
N：0.003~0.05%。
3. the round steel for the high-strength wind power anchor bolt as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the diameter of the round steel for the high-strength wind power anchor bolt is 20-50 mm.
4. The manufacturing method of the round steel for the high-strength wind power anchor bolt is characterized by comprising the following preparation steps:
smelting and continuous casting: sequentially carrying out converter and external refining, vacuum degassing and continuous casting on the chemical components of claim 1 or 2;
and (3) cooling in a heaped mode: wind-shielding and pile-cooling the continuous casting billet for over 36 hours;
heating: heating and preserving heat for more than 3 hours at 1150-1250 ℃ to roll the continuous casting billet into round steel;
descaling and rolling: descaling the round steel, wherein the rough rolling stage is 1050-1220 ℃, the finish rolling stage is 900-1050 ℃, the temperature of the round steel entering a cooling bed is 800-950 ℃, and the round steel is naturally cooled after being rolled;
ultrasonic and magnetic flux leakage flaw detection: the round steel quality is detected by using an instrument.
5. The method for manufacturing the round steel for the high-strength wind power anchor bolt according to claim 4, wherein the ladle casting is performed after the argon blowing is performed for not less than 20 minutes after the external refining.
6. The method for manufacturing the round steel for the high-strength wind power anchor bolt according to claim 4, wherein electromagnetic stirring is adopted in a crystallizer in the smelting and continuous casting process.
7. The method for manufacturing the round steel for the high-strength wind power anchor bolt according to claim 6, wherein the electromagnetic stirring adopts a process of stirring at first I =400A, f =2Hz, and stirring at last I =400A, f =10 Hz.
8. The method for manufacturing the round steel for the high-strength wind power anchor bolt according to claim 4, wherein in the smelting and continuous casting process, the central porosity of the hot-rolled round steel is not more than 1.0 grade, and the shrinkage cavity is not more than 0.5 grade.
9. The method for manufacturing the round steel for the high-strength wind power anchor bolt according to claim 4, wherein the deviation of C component is within 0.02% and the deviation of alloy element is within 0.05% in the smelting and continuous casting process.
10. The method for manufacturing the round steel for the high-strength wind power anchor bolt according to claim 4, wherein the surface cracks of the round steel subjected to ultrasonic and magnetic flux leakage flaw detection are not more than 0.2 mm.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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| CN115612938A (en) * | 2022-11-15 | 2023-01-17 | 江苏永钢集团有限公司 | High-low temperature resistant alloy structural steel for petroleum pipeline and production method thereof |
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| CN113652609A (en) * | 2021-08-06 | 2021-11-16 | 江苏永钢集团有限公司 | Low-cost 42CrMoA round steel and production method thereof |
| CN115612938A (en) * | 2022-11-15 | 2023-01-17 | 江苏永钢集团有限公司 | High-low temperature resistant alloy structural steel for petroleum pipeline and production method thereof |
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