CN112356530A - High-flame-retardant composite material and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

High-flame-retardant composite material and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112356530A
CN112356530A CN202011052542.5A CN202011052542A CN112356530A CN 112356530 A CN112356530 A CN 112356530A CN 202011052542 A CN202011052542 A CN 202011052542A CN 112356530 A CN112356530 A CN 112356530A
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China
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layer
composite material
retardant composite
expansion
flame
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尹书祥
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Foshan Nanhai Chongtai Fireproof Material Co ltd
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Foshan Nanhai Chongtai Fireproof Material Co ltd
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Priority to CN202011052542.5A priority Critical patent/CN112356530A/en
Publication of CN112356530A publication Critical patent/CN112356530A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B32B27/304—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl halide (co)polymers, e.g. PVC, PVDC, PVF, PVDF
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
    • B32B25/16—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising polydienes homopolymers or poly-halodienes homopolymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/28—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42
    • B32B27/281—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42 comprising polyimides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/40—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyurethanes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/06—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the heating method
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
    • B32B37/1284—Application of adhesive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
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    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/005—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising one layer of ceramic material, e.g. porcelain, ceramic tile
    • B32B9/007—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising one layer of ceramic material, e.g. porcelain, ceramic tile comprising carbon, e.g. graphite, composite carbon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/04—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/04—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B9/045—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/03—3 layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0276—Polyester fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/101—Glass fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/306—Resistant to heat
    • B32B2307/3065—Flame resistant or retardant, fire resistant or retardant
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2457/00—Electrical equipment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2457/00—Electrical equipment
    • B32B2457/10—Batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a high flame-retardant composite material and a preparation method and application thereof; the composite material comprises a heat insulation layer and an expansion layer, wherein the expansion layer is fixedly covered on the outer surface of the heat insulation layer; the preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) spraying or blade-coating an adhesive on the surface of the expansion layer, and attaching the heat insulation layer on the surface to obtain an intermediate product; (2) applying a certain pressure on the intermediate product, and drying at a certain temperature to obtain a high-flame-retardant composite material; the high-flame-retardant composite material is used as a fireproof heat-insulating layer and is applied to the interior of a battery cover of a new energy battery and the interior of an electronic appliance. The high-flame-retardant composite material disclosed by the invention has the functions of conventional flame retardance and heat preservation, can completely block open fire and heat, is light in weight, small in thickness and various in application scenes, does not increase the weight and the volume of a new energy battery and an electronic appliance when being applied to the battery and the electronic appliance, can avoid the damage of the battery or the electronic appliance, and is simple in preparation method and low in cost.

Description

High-flame-retardant composite material and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to a flame-retardant material, in particular to a high-flame-retardant composite material and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
With the development of economy and society, devices such as electronic appliances and new energy batteries are very common, and due to the particularity of the use of the devices, the market puts high requirements on the flame retardant performance of the interior and the exterior of the device. Most of the existing flame retardant materials in the market can only meet the requirements of heat preservation and heat insulation in conventional use and no open fire when being heated and encountering fire, but cannot completely isolate heat when being heated and encountering fire, so that devices and devices on the back fire side of the flame retardant material are easily damaged by heating; if the heat-insulating property of the flame-retardant material needs to be increased, the whole thickness and weight of the flame-retardant material are too large, so that the flame-retardant material cannot be applied to electronic appliances and new energy batteries which seek for light weight and small volume, and the application scene and development prospect of the flame-retardant material are limited, and therefore, a novel high-flame-retardant composite material needs to be developed urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a high flame-retardant composite material and a preparation method and application thereof; the high-flame-retardant composite material has a good heat preservation and insulation effect, and can effectively block heat on one side of a fire-receiving surface when meeting fire or being heated, so that devices and base materials on the back of the fire-receiving surface are prevented from being damaged by heating; the composite material is light in weight and small in thickness, and can be conveniently used in various scenes; the preparation method of the flame-retardant composite material has the advantages of low cost, high efficiency and simple process, and is suitable for large-scale industrial production.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the high flame retardant composite material includes heat insulating layer and expansion layer, and the expansion layer is fixed to the outer surface of the heat insulating layer.
The technical scheme is that the expansion layer is covered and fixed on the outer surface of the aerogel felt layer, the characteristic that the expansion layer can expand to form a compact carbon layer which is dozens or even hundreds of times thicker than the expansion layer when being heated or meeting fire can be utilized, open fire and heat are blocked on one side of a fire-receiving surface of the composite material by utilizing the formed carbon layer and the heat-insulating layer, and the heat-insulating layer and the expansion layer are matched to avoid the damage of a back fire surface material or a device due to heating; meanwhile, the expansion layer has good heat insulation effect and low density, and the thickness and the weight of the composite material can be reduced as much as possible on the premise of ensuring the high flame-retardant property of the composite material, so that the application scene of the composite material is widened.
Preferably, in the above-described embodiment, the thickness of the expanded layer is 0.5mm to 3.0 mm. After repeated research and multiple tests, the inventor finds that the expansion layer with the thickness can ensure the flame-retardant and heat-insulating properties of the composite material in a conventional state and after being heated and exposed to fire, weight and cost are increased and resources are wasted due to the excessively thick expansion layer, and the expansion layer cannot play a role in heat insulation and flame retardance due to the excessively thin expansion layer.
Preferably, the expansion layer is one or a combination of polyvinyl chloride expansion gasket, polyurethane expansion gasket and ethylene propylene diene monomer expansion gasket. The expansion layer materials are easy to obtain and have high performance-price ratio.
Preferably, the expansion rate of the expansion layer after being heated or exposed to fire is 5-50 times of the thickness of the expansion layer. After repeated research and multiple tests, the inventor finds that the expansion layer with the expansion rate can ensure the flame-retardant and heat-insulating performance of the composite material after being heated and exposed to fire, the use is inconvenient due to the excessively high expansion rate, and the heat-insulating and flame-retardant effects cannot be achieved due to the excessively low expansion rate.
As above-mentioned technical scheme's preferred, the insulating layer is aerogel felt layer, and aerogel felt layer's thickness is 0.2mm ~ 10.0 mm. The aerogel felt has good heat insulation effect and small density, and the thickness of the aerogel felt layer is only a fraction of that of the traditional heat insulation material under the same heat insulation performance, and the combination of the aerogel felt layer and the expansion layer can reduce the thickness and the weight of the composite material as much as possible on the premise of ensuring the high flame retardant performance of the composite material, thereby widening the application scene of the composite material; in addition, after repeated research and repeated experiments by the inventor, the aerogel felt layer with the thickness can ensure the conventional state of the composite material and the flame-retardant and heat-insulating performance after being heated and encountering fire, the weight and the cost are increased and the resource is wasted when the aerogel felt layer is too thick, and the heat-insulating and flame-retardant effect cannot be achieved when the aerogel felt layer is too thin
Preferably, the aerogel blanket comprises reinforcing fibers and aerogel; the reinforced fiber is one or a combination of more of glass fiber, aluminum silicate fiber, mullite fiber, basalt fiber, polyester fiber, polypropylene fiber and carbon fiber, and the aerogel is one or a combination of more of silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, titanium oxide, iron oxide and zinc oxide aerogel.
Preferably, the high flame-retardant composite material further comprises a flame-retardant layer; the expansion layer is covered and fixed on one side surface of the heat insulation layer, and the flame retardant layer is covered and fixed on the other side surface of the heat insulation layer. The flame-retardant layer is additionally arranged on the composite material, so that the flame-retardant property of the composite material in extreme environments (such as open fire) can be ensured, and the safety of the composite material in use is further improved.
Preferably, in the above aspect, the flame retardant layer is a polyester film, a polyimide film, or a polyurethane film. The flame-retardant layer has good flame-retardant effect, is thin in thickness and light in weight, and is beneficial to light weight of the composite material.
Preferably, the normal-temperature heat conductivity coefficient of the high-flame-retardant composite material is less than or equal to 0.025w/m.k, the expansion ratio is greater than or equal to 10 times, the oxygen index is greater than or equal to 32%, and the temperature resistance is higher than 180 ℃.
Based on the same technical concept, the invention also provides a preparation method of the high flame-retardant composite material disclosed by the technical scheme, which specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) spraying or blade-coating an adhesive on the surface of the expansion layer, and attaching the heat insulation layer on the surface to obtain an intermediate product;
(2) and (3) applying a certain pressure to the intermediate product, and drying at a certain temperature to obtain the high-flame-retardant composite material.
The technical scheme has the advantages that compared with the currently adopted methods for sticking the glass fiber cloth, the aluminum foil cloth and the PI film on the surface, the preparation method has low cost, high efficiency and simple process and is suitable for large-scale industrial production.
Preferably, the drying temperature in the step (2) is 20-120 ℃; the pressure for pressurization is 0.5 MP-9 MP. The inventor finds that the bonding force between the layers is strongest under the parameters, and the structural strength and the use stability of the high-flame-retardant composite material can be ensured.
Preferably, the adhesive is polyurethane adhesive, epoxy adhesive or acrylic adhesive. The glue has a certain flame retardant property besides good bonding property, and is beneficial to further improving the flame retardant effect of the composite material.
Preferably, the coating thickness of the adhesive is 0.01mm to 0.5 mm.
Based on the same technical concept, the invention also provides application of the high-flame-retardant composite material disclosed by the technical scheme or prepared by the preparation method disclosed by the technical scheme, and the high-flame-retardant composite material is used as a fireproof heat-insulating layer and is applied to the interior of a battery cover of a new energy battery and the interior of an electronic appliance.
The technical scheme has the advantages that when the high-flame-retardant composite material is applied to the interior of a battery cover of a new energy battery and the interior of an electronic appliance, the characteristics of thin thickness and light weight of the high-flame-retardant composite material accord with the trend of light weight of the new energy battery and the electronic appliance at present, the weight and the volume of the new energy battery and the electronic appliance cannot be increased, external heat can be completely isolated when the battery and the electronic appliance are heated and meet fire, and the damage and the loss caused by the heat transferred to the battery or the interior of the electronic appliance are avoided.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) the high flame-retardant composite material has the normal-temperature heat conductivity coefficient of less than or equal to 0.025w/m.k and the temperature resistance of more than 180 ℃, can block open fire and heat on one side of a fire-receiving surface of the composite material besides the conventional flame-retardant and heat-insulating functions, avoids the material or device of the fire-receiving surface from being damaged due to heating, has light weight and small thickness, and can be conveniently applied to various scenes;
(2) the preparation method of the high-flame-retardant composite material solves the problem that the surface of the aerogel felt is easy to fall off, has low cost, high efficiency and simple process, and is suitable for large-scale industrial production;
(3) the application of the high flame-retardant composite material provided by the invention meets the trend of light weight of the new energy battery and the electronic appliance at present, the weight and the volume of the new energy battery and the electronic appliance are not increased, the external heat can be completely isolated when the battery and the electronic appliance are heated and meet fire, and the damage and the loss caused by the heat transferred to the inside of the battery or the electronic device are avoided.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples.
Example 1:
the high flame retardant composite of this embodiment, for three layer construction, it is fixed through the agglutinant veneer between each layer, from top to bottom be inflation layer, aerogel carpet veneer and fire-retardant layer respectively, the upper surface at aerogel carpet veneer is fixed in the inflation layer cover, fire-retardant layer then covers the lower surface of fixing at aerogel carpet veneer.
In this example, the thickness of the intumescent layer is 1.5 mm.
In this embodiment, the expansion layer is a polyvinyl chloride expansion gasket, and the expansion rate of the expansion layer after being heated or encountering fire is 15 times of the thickness of the expansion layer.
In this example, the thickness of aerogel felt layer is 6.0 mm.
In this embodiment, the aerogel blanket comprises reinforcing fibers and aerogel; the reinforced fiber is glass fiber, and the aerogel is zinc oxide aerogel.
In this embodiment, the flame retardant layer is a polyester film.
The preparation method of the high flame retardant composite material of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1) spraying or blade-coating an adhesive on the surfaces of one sides of the expansion layer and the flame-retardant layer, and respectively attaching the aerogel felt layer to the surfaces of the expansion layer and the flame-retardant layer coated with the adhesive to obtain an intermediate product;
(2) and (3) applying a certain pressure to the intermediate product, and drying at a certain temperature to obtain the high-flame-retardant composite material.
In this example, the drying temperature in the step (2) was 30 ℃ and the pressure was 8 MP.
In this embodiment, the adhesive is polyurethane glue.
In this example, the coating thickness of the adhesive was 0.05 mm.
The high flame-retardant composite material of this embodiment can be applied to new energy battery top as the thermal-insulated gasket of fire prevention, and this thermal-insulated gasket of fire prevention sets up between the inside energy storage component of new energy battery and outside battery cover.
Example 2:
the high flame retardant composite of this embodiment, for three layer construction, it is fixed through the agglutinant veneer between each layer, from top to bottom be inflation layer, aerogel carpet veneer and fire-retardant layer respectively, the upper surface at aerogel carpet veneer is fixed in the inflation layer cover, fire-retardant layer then covers the lower surface of fixing at aerogel carpet veneer.
In this example, the thickness of the expansion layer was 0.8 mm.
In this embodiment, the expansion layer is a polyurethane expansion gasket, and the expansion rate of the expansion layer after being heated or exposed to fire is 20 times of the thickness of the expansion layer.
In this embodiment, the thickness of aerogel felt layer is 5 mm.
In this embodiment, the aerogel blanket comprises reinforcing fibers and aerogel; the reinforced fiber is aluminum silicate fiber, and the aerogel is titanium oxide aerogel.
In this embodiment, the flame retardant layer is a polyimide film.
The preparation method of the high flame retardant composite material of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1) spraying or blade-coating an adhesive on the surfaces of one sides of the expansion layer and the flame-retardant layer, and respectively attaching the aerogel felt layer to the surfaces of the expansion layer and the flame-retardant layer coated with the adhesive to obtain an intermediate product;
(2) and (3) applying a certain pressure to the intermediate product, and drying at a certain temperature to obtain the high-flame-retardant composite material.
In this example, the drying temperature in the step (2) was 80 ℃ and the pressure was 4 MP.
In this embodiment, the adhesive is a poly epoxy adhesive.
In this example, the coating thickness of the adhesive was 0.05 mm.
The high flame-retardant composite material of this embodiment can be applied to new forms of energy battery group clearance as the thermal-insulated gasket of fire prevention, and this thermal-insulated gasket of fire prevention sets up between the inside energy storage component of new forms of energy battery.
Example 3:
the high flame retardant composite of this embodiment, for three layer construction, it is fixed through the agglutinant veneer between each layer, from top to bottom be inflation layer, aerogel carpet veneer and fire-retardant layer respectively, the upper surface at aerogel carpet veneer is fixed in the inflation layer cover, fire-retardant layer then covers the lower surface of fixing at aerogel carpet veneer.
In this example, the thickness of the expansion layer was 0.5 mm.
In this embodiment, the expansion layer is a polyurethane expansion gasket, and the expansion rate of the expansion layer after being heated or exposed to fire is 30 times of the thickness of the expansion layer.
In this embodiment, the thickness of aerogel felt layer is 2.0 mm.
In this embodiment, the aerogel blanket comprises reinforcing fibers and aerogel; the reinforced fiber is polyester fiber, and the aerogel is silicon dioxide aerogel.
In this example, the flame retardant layer is a polyurethane film.
The preparation method of the high flame retardant composite material of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1) spraying or blade-coating an adhesive on the surfaces of one sides of the expansion layer and the flame-retardant layer, and respectively attaching the aerogel felt layer to the surfaces of the expansion layer and the flame-retardant layer coated with the adhesive to obtain an intermediate product;
(2) and (3) applying a certain pressure to the intermediate product, and drying at a certain temperature to obtain the high-flame-retardant composite material.
In this embodiment, the adhesive is a poly epoxy adhesive.
In this example, the drying temperature in the step (2) was 120 ℃ and the pressure was 2 MP.
In this example, the coating thickness of the adhesive was 0.08 mm.
The high flame retardant composite materials of examples 1, 2 and 3 were subjected to performance tests, and the test results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 high flame retardant composite Performance test results for the examples
Performance parameter Flame retardancy Thermal insulation Density of Thickness of
Example 1 UL 94-V0 ≥60min 0.85g/cc 9.1mm
Example 2 UL 94-V0 ≥30min 0.81g/cc 6.7mm
Example 3 UL 94-V0 ≥20min 0.83g/cc 3.16mm
As can be seen from Table 1, the high flame-retardant composite material of the invention has good flame-retardant performance, the flame-retardant performance can reach the grade of UL94-V0, and the high flame-retardant composite material also has a long-term heat insulation effect, and simultaneously has lower density and thickness, and is convenient to use.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Modifications and variations that may occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention are to be considered as within the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. The high-flame-retardant composite material is characterized by comprising a heat insulation layer and an expansion layer, wherein the expansion layer is fixedly covered on the outer surface of the heat insulation layer.
2. The high flame retardant composite of claim 1, wherein the intumescent layer has a thickness of 0.5mm to 3.0 mm.
3. The high flame retardant composite material according to claim 1, wherein the expansion layer is one or a combination of polyvinyl chloride expansion gasket, polyurethane expansion gasket and ethylene propylene diene monomer expansion gasket, and the expansion rate of the expansion layer after being heated or exposed to fire is 5-50 times of the thickness of the expansion layer.
4. The high flame retardant composite of claim 1, wherein the thermal insulation layer is an aerogel blanket having a thickness of 0.2mm to 10.0 mm.
5. The high flame retardant composite of claim 4, wherein the aerogel blanket comprises reinforcing fibers and aerogel; the reinforced fiber is one or a combination of several of glass fiber, aluminum silicate fiber, mullite fiber, basalt fiber, polyester fiber, polypropylene fiber and carbon fiber, and the aerogel is one or a combination of several of silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, titanium oxide, iron oxide and zinc oxide aerogel.
6. The high flame retardant composite according to any of claims 1-5, wherein the high flame retardant composite further comprises a flame retardant layer; the expansion layer is fixedly covered on one side surface of the heat insulation layer, and the flame retardant layer is fixedly covered on the other side surface of the aerogel felt layer.
7. The high flame retardant composite of claim 6, wherein the flame retardant layer is a polyester film, a polyimide film or a polyurethane film.
8. A method for preparing the high flame retardant composite material according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the steps of:
(1) spraying or blade-coating an adhesive on the surface of the expansion layer, and attaching the heat insulation layer on the surface of the expansion layer to obtain an intermediate product;
(2) and applying certain pressure to the intermediate product, and drying at certain temperature to obtain the high-flame-retardant composite material.
9. The method for preparing a high flame-retardant composite material according to claim 8, wherein the temperature of the drying operation in the step (2) is 20 ℃ to 120 ℃; the pressure applied to the middle in the step (2) is 0.5 MP-9 MP.
10. The use of the high flame-retardant composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 7 or prepared by the preparation method according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the high flame-retardant composite material is used as a fireproof and heat-insulating layer in the interior of a battery cover of a new energy battery and the interior of an electronic appliance.
CN202011052542.5A 2020-09-29 2020-09-29 High-flame-retardant composite material and preparation method and application thereof Pending CN112356530A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN116154360A (en) * 2023-04-21 2023-05-23 柯灵爱尔(北京)环境技术中心 Battery heat insulation gasket

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CN106782828A (en) * 2016-12-12 2017-05-31 北京慕成防火绝热特种材料有限公司 A kind of cable protective sleeve for resisting hydrocarbon fire
CN210326053U (en) * 2019-09-25 2020-04-14 河南爱彼爱和新材料有限公司 Novel buffering heat insulating mattress for lithium ion battery
WO2020186494A1 (en) * 2019-03-21 2020-09-24 Hefei Guoxuan High-Tech Power Energy Co., Ltd. Composite thermal barrier materials

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CN106782828A (en) * 2016-12-12 2017-05-31 北京慕成防火绝热特种材料有限公司 A kind of cable protective sleeve for resisting hydrocarbon fire
WO2020186494A1 (en) * 2019-03-21 2020-09-24 Hefei Guoxuan High-Tech Power Energy Co., Ltd. Composite thermal barrier materials
CN210326053U (en) * 2019-09-25 2020-04-14 河南爱彼爱和新材料有限公司 Novel buffering heat insulating mattress for lithium ion battery

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116154360A (en) * 2023-04-21 2023-05-23 柯灵爱尔(北京)环境技术中心 Battery heat insulation gasket
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