CN112353815A - Micro-nano fiber membrane with extracellular vesicle sustained-release function and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Micro-nano fiber membrane with extracellular vesicle sustained-release function and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a micro-nano fiber membrane with an extracellular vesicle slow-release function and a preparation method and application thereof. The fibrous membrane comprises a micro-nano fibrous membrane, PEG phospholipid and extracellular vesicles; the micro-nano fibrous membrane is connected with one end of the PEGylated phospholipid, and the extracellular vesicle is connected with the other end of the PEGylated phospholipid. The method comprises the following steps: and (3) carrying out surface modification on the micro-nano fibrous membrane, soaking the micro-nano fibrous membrane in a buffer solution containing PEG phospholipid, carrying out grafting reaction, and soaking the micro-nano fibrous membrane in a buffer solution containing extracellular vesicles to obtain the micro-nano fibrous membrane with the extracellular vesicle sustained-release function. The preparation method is simple, the reaction conditions are mild, and the prepared micro-nano fiber membrane not only has good biocompatibility, but also can release extracellular vesicles rich in various bioactive factors to the wound surface, thereby being beneficial to comprehensively improving the pathological microenvironment of the wound surface, activating cells to participate in repair and promoting the repair of chronic wound surfaces which are difficult to heal. Is expected to be applied to the field of wound repair.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of biomedical materials, and particularly relates to a micro-nano fiber membrane with an extracellular vesicle sustained-release function, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Wound healing is a complex process that can be roughly divided into 4 distinct but overlapping phases: coagulation phase, inflammation phase, proliferation phase, and remodeling phase. However, many pathological factors including bacterial infection and foreign body reaction still cause the damage of the normal physiological repair process of the wound surface to form a wound surface which is difficult to heal clinically. The fundamental reason for the difficulty in repairing the chronic difficult-to-heal wound surface is that the local physiological environment of the wound surface is seriously unbalanced, so that the delivery (loading) of a single bioactive factor cannot meet the clinical requirement, the pathological microenvironment of the wound surface is comprehensively improved, cells are activated to participate in repair, and the process of recovering the wound surface is a key for realizing the repair of the difficult-to-heal wound surface and is the research and development trend of a new generation of wound surface repair materials.
Extracellular vesicles include exosomes, microbodies and apoptotic bodies containing a large number of biologically active substances such as proteins, (growth factors, cytokines, etc.), DNA, RNA, lipids, etc., and function primarily by delivering their own carried contents (cargo) to affect target cell behavior and additionally by interacting membrane surface molecules with target cell surface receptors. Compared with a stem cell therapy, the method has the advantages of smaller immunogenicity, more stable physicochemical properties and the like, and has great potential in the field of chronic refractory wound repair.
Due to the increasing demand for nanotechnology, electrospinning technology has received great attention. The electrostatic spinning nanofiber has a bionic natural extracellular matrix nanofiber structure, so that the electrostatic spinning nanofiber has a great prospect in the field of wound repair due to high specific surface area and high porosity.
The extracellular vesicles are loaded on the micro-nano fiber repair material, and bioactive factors can be delivered to the tissue defect part through the material, so that the pathological microenvironment at the defect part is comprehensively improved, and the purpose that body cells are activated to participate in repair of the defect part is achieved (MSC-derived sEVs engineering space and inhibition of synthetic tissue by immunological modification in a model of hypercephalemia). However, most of the existing materials load extracellular vesicles in a direct physical adsorption mode, and the materials and the extracellular vesicles lack effective interaction and have the problems of low load capacity and difficulty in enrichment and stagnation.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a micro-nano fibrous membrane with an extracellular vesicle slow-release function, and a preparation method and application thereof.
The invention provides a preparation method of a micro-nano fiber-based wound repair material with an extracellular vesicle slow-release function. According to the invention, the PEG phospholipid is grafted on the surface of the micro-nano fibrous membrane, so that extracellular vesicles are effectively loaded, and the slow release of the extracellular vesicles on the wound surface is realized.
The purpose of the invention is realized by at least one of the following technical solutions.
The invention provides a micro-nano fiber membrane with an extracellular vesicle slow-release function (a micro-nano fiber-based chronic refractory wound repair material with a slow-release function), which comprises a micro-nano fiber membrane (a micro-nano fiber membrane obtained by an electrostatic spinning technology), PEG phospholipid and extracellular vesicles; the micro-nano fiber membrane is connected with PEG phospholipid, and the PEG phospholipid is connected (loaded) with extracellular vesicles. The surface of the micro-nano fiber membrane is grafted with the PEGylated phospholipid with the long-chain structure, and the PEGylated phospholipid can realize the loading of extracellular vesicles.
Further, the micro-nano fiber membrane is an electrospinnable polymer; the micro-nano fiber membrane is made of more than one of levorotatory polylactic acid (PLLA), polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA), Polycaprolactone (PCL) and the like; the diameter of the micro-nano fiber membrane is 400-2000 nm.
Further, the PEGylated phospholipid is a hydrophobic phospholipid linked by a PEG chain; the chain length of the PEG chain is 500-5000; the PEG phospholipid is connected with groups on the surface of the micro-nano fiber membrane; the groups on the surface of the micro-nano fiber membrane are more than one of carboxyl, amino, hydroxyl and the like. The PEG phospholipid is connected with groups (such as carboxyl, amino, hydroxyl and the like) capable of reacting with the surface groups of the micro-nano fiber membrane through a PEG chain.
Further, the pegylated phospholipids can be inserted into the lipid bilayer of the extracellular vesicle membrane via hydrophobic interactions.
Further, the extracellular vesicles are one or more of exosomes (exosomes), microbodies (microviscles) and apoptotic bodies (apoptotic bodies); the diameter of the extracellular vesicles is 50-1000 nm.
The invention provides a method for preparing the micro-nano fiber membrane with the extracellular vesicle slow-release function, which comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing micro-nano fibers by an electrostatic spinning method, and weaving the micro-nano fibers into a micro-nano fiber membrane;
(2) carrying out surface modification treatment on the micro-nano fiber membrane in the step (1) by using technologies such as plasma treatment, a wet chemical method and the like, so that groups (such as amino, carboxyl, hydroxyl and the like) capable of reacting with PEG phospholipid are generated on the surface of the micro-nano fiber membrane, and the groups are activated to obtain the modified micro-nano fiber membrane;
(3) soaking the modified micro-nano fiber membrane obtained in the step (2) in a buffer solution containing PEG phospholipid, performing grafting reaction in a shaking table, and taking out to obtain the micro-nano fiber membrane with the surface grafted with the PEG phospholipid;
(4) and (3) soaking the micro-nano fibrous membrane grafted with the PEGylated phospholipid on the surface in the step (3) in a buffer solution containing extracellular vesicles to obtain the micro-nano fibrous membrane with the extracellular vesicle slow-release function (the micro-nano fibrous membrane loaded with the extracellular vesicles and having the extracellular vesicle slow-release function).
Further, the surface modification treatment method in the step (2) is one or more of plasma treatment and wet chemical method.
Further, in the buffer solution containing the PEGylated phospholipid in the step (3), the concentration of the PEGylated phospholipid is 2-10mg/mL, the pH value of the buffer solution containing the PEGylated phospholipid is 5.0-6.0, the time of the grafting reaction is more than or equal to 12 hours, and the rotating speed of a shaking table is 10-60 rpm.
Preferably, the time of the grafting reaction in the step (3) is 12-24 h.
Further, in the buffer solution containing the extracellular vesicles in the step (4), the concentration of the extracellular vesicles is 5-15 μ g/ml, the pH value of the buffer solution containing the extracellular vesicles is 6.8-7.6, the temperature of the buffer solution containing the extracellular vesicles is 4-37 ℃, and the time for soaking the micro-nano fibrous membrane grafted with the PEGylated phospholipid in the buffer solution containing the extracellular vesicles is not less than 4 hours.
Preferably, the temperature of the buffer containing extracellular vesicles of step (4) is 4 ℃.
Preferably, the micro-nano fiber membrane grafted with the PEGylated phospholipid on the surface in the step (4) is soaked in the buffer solution containing the extracellular vesicles for 4-16 h.
The micro-nano fiber membrane with the extracellular vesicle slow-release function provided by the invention is applied to the preparation of a drug for repairing chronic wounds or a carrier material of a bioactive substance.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
(1) the micro-nano fiber-based wound repair material prepared by the invention can effectively load extracellular vesicles, realize slow release of the extracellular vesicles, improve the pathological microenvironment of a wound and promote repair of a chronic refractory wound;
(2) the preparation method of the micro-nano fiber-based wound repair material provided by the invention is simple to operate and mild in condition.
Drawings
FIG. 1a is a scanning electron micrograph of extracellular vesicles of example 1.
FIG. 1b is a graph showing the distribution of the particle size of the extracellular vesicles in example 1.
FIG. 1c is a diagram showing the results of electrophoretic identification of the extracellular vesicles in example 1.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the micro-nanofiber-based chronic refractory wound repair material with the extracellular vesicle slow-release function prepared in example 2.
FIG. 3 is a scanning electron microscope image of the micro-nanofiber membrane before and after treatment in example 2.
Fig. 4 is an infrared image of the micro-nanofiber membrane before and after treatment in example 2.
Fig. 5 is a release rate curve of extracellular vesicles on the micro-nano fibrous membrane in example 2.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the effect of migration of fibroblasts in example 2.
FIGS. 7a and 7b are graphs showing the results of proliferation of fibroblasts and keratinocytes in example 2, respectively.
FIG. 8a, FIG. 8b and FIG. 8c are graphs showing the expression results of genes involved in repair of a wound surface of fibroblasts in example 2.
FIGS. 9a, 9b, 9c and 9d are graphs showing the results of polarization of macrophages in example 2.
Detailed Description
The following examples are presented to further illustrate the practice of the invention, but the practice and protection of the invention is not limited thereto. It is noted that the processes described below, if not specifically described in detail, are all realizable or understandable by those skilled in the art with reference to the prior art. The reagents or apparatus used are not indicated to the manufacturer, and are considered to be conventional products available by commercial purchase.
The following examples take rat-derived adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles as an example, and the extracellular vesicles are obtained and identified, but are not limited to adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells.
Example 1: preparation and identification of extracellular vesicles derived from rat-derived adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells
(1) Collecting the supernatant of rat adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells.
The proliferation culture medium of rat adipose mesenchymal stem cells consists of 10 wt% of fetal bovine serum and 1 wt%Diabody and alpha-MEM. The density of the plate was 20,000cells/cm2Algebraic numbers p3-p5 are used. In order to extract extracellular vesicles, the present invention cultures the cells in a medium without extracellular vesicles when the confluency of the cells reaches 80%, the medium comprising 10 wt% of fetal bovine serum without extracellular vesicles, 1 wt% of diabody and 1 wt% of α -MEM, and the cell medium is collected after two days of culture.
(2) Extraction of extracellular vesicles from rat adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells.
The extracellular vesicles of the rat adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells are extracted by a series of gradient centrifugation at 4 ℃. 300 Xg, 10 minutes, removing cells and fragments thereof; 2000 Xg for 10 min, and removing dead cells and fragments thereof; 10000 Xg, 30 minutes, removing cell debris; 100000 Xg, 70 minutes, visible precipitation (extracellular vesicles and protein components); fifthly, discarding the supernatant, keeping the precipitate, and adding PBS (the concentration is 0.01mol/L, and the concentrations of the PBS are 0.01 mol/L); sixthly, 100000 Xg, 70 minutes, and visible sediment is the extracellular vesicle with relatively pure concentration.
(3) Characterization of extracellular vesicles of rat adipose mesenchymal stem cells.
Three characterization methods were used in combination for extracellular vesicle characterization. Wherein, a Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) is used for the extracellular vesicle morphology characterization; protein immunoblotting (Western blot) was used for extracellular vesicle marker identification; nanoparticle Tracer (NTA) was used for particle size analysis.
Analysis of particle size: as shown in fig. 1b, the extracted material has a particle size in the range of 50-200 nm.
Form characterization: as shown in fig. 1a, the extracted material has a saucer-like structure.
Identification of marker: as shown in fig. 1c, the extracted material was positive for the expression of the vesicular membrane markers CD 9, CD 63, TSG 101.
Three experimental results of particle size distribution, morphological characterization and marker identification confirm that the extracted substance has an extracellular vesicle structure and can be modified through hydrophobic insertion.
Example 2: and (3) preparation and characterization of the PLLA micro-nano fiber membrane.
Referring to FIG. 2, the following examples electro-spin poly (l-lactic acid) PLLA and modify DSPE-PEG-NH on PLLA micro-nanofiber membrane2This PEGylated phospholipid is used for example to modify extracellular vesicles, but not only for PLLA and DSPE-PEG-NH2。
DSPE-PEG-NH2The structural formula of (A) is as follows:
(1) and (5) preparing the micro-nano fiber membrane.
Preparing a micro-nano fiber membrane: dissolving levorotatory polylactic acid (PLLA) in a solvent, spinning by an electrostatic spinning device to obtain a PLLA micro-nano fiber membrane, and vacuum drying for 48h to remove residual organic solvent.
Secondly, exposing carboxyl on the surface of the micro-nano fiber membrane: and (3) placing the prepared PLLA micro-nano fiber membrane on a shaking table, soaking the PLLA micro-nano fiber membrane in NaOH solution to expose carboxyl on the surface of the micro-nano fiber membrane, and washing with ultrapure water for three times to obtain the micro-nano fiber membrane with the exposed carboxyl.
Activating carboxyl on the surface of the micro-nano fiber membrane: and (3) placing the prepared carboxyl-exposed micro-nano fiber membrane on a shaking bed, soaking the micro-nano fiber membrane in MES buffer solution (pH is 6.0) of EDC and NHS, activating the carboxyl on the surface of the micro-nano fiber membrane, and washing with ultrapure water for three times to obtain the carboxyl-activated micro-nano fiber membrane.
④DSPE-PEG-NH2Grafting: placing the prepared carboxyl activated micro-nano fiber membrane on a shaking bed, and soaking in DSPE-PEG-NH2Washing with ultrapure water for three times, sterilizing with ethanol and ultraviolet to obtain the product grafted with DSPE-PEG-NH2The micro-nano fiber membrane.
Loading extracellular vesicles: grafting DSPE-PEG-NH obtained in the above2The micro-nano fiber membrane is soaked in PBS buffer solution containing sterile extracellular vesicles, and the micro-nano fiber membrane with the slow release function is obtained by rinsing twice with the PBS buffer solution.
The solvent used in the step I is hexafluoroisopropanol, and the mass-volume ratio of the solvent to the PLLA is 10: 1 g/mL.
The process parameters used in the step I are as follows: the temperature is 25 ℃, the relative humidity is 60%, the flow rate is 0.6mL/h, the needle is vertical to the ground, the distance is 15cm, the spinning voltage is 12kV, a stainless steel roller is wrapped by tinfoil to receive the nano-fibers, the rotating speed of the roller is 1.5 r/min, and the spinning time is 15-20 min.
In the second step, the concentration of NaOH solution is 0.1M, the soaking time is 15min, the temperature is room temperature, and the rotating speed of a shaking table is 50 rpm.
In the third step, the concentration of EDC is 0.5mg/ml, the concentration of NHS is 0.25mg/ml, the soaking time is 20min, the temperature is room temperature, and the rotating speed of a shaking table is 50 rpm.
DSPE-PEG-NH in step (iv)2The concentration is 10mg/ml, the soaking time is 16h, the temperature is room temperature, and the rotating speed of a shaking table is 50 rpm.
In the fifth step, the concentration of the extracellular vesicles is 10 mug/ml, the soaking time is 6h, and the temperature is 4 ℃.
(2) And (5) characterization of the micro-nano fiber membrane.
The product is observed by a scanning electron microscope through DSPE-PEG-NH2Morphology characteristics of the modified PLLA micro-nano fiber membrane and the unmodified PLLA micro-nano fiber membrane are observed by DSPE-PEG-NH in an infrared mode2Chemical bonds between the modified PLLA micro-nanofiber membrane and the unmodified PLLA micro-nanofiber membrane.
Firstly, observing the appearance: subjecting to DSPE-PEG-NH2The modified PLLA fiber membrane (PLLA-DSPE in figure 3) and the unmodified PLLA fiber membrane (PLLA in figure 3) are attached to a sample table by conductive adhesive, sprayed with gold for 60s, taken out, and photographed by machine observation. The results are shown in FIG. 3. The diameter of the fiber membrane before modification is 867.7 +/-60 nm, and the diameter of the fiber after modification is 734.8 +/-80 nm, so that no obvious difference exists; and spherical grafts are visible on the fiber membrane after modification.
② chemical bond change: to further confirm grafting, the resulting mixture was subjected to a shaking table of 0.1M NaOH at 50rpm for 15min, 0.5mol/LEDC and 0.25mol/LNHS at 50rpm for 20min, 10g/ml DSPE-PEG-NH2Shaking table at 50rpm for 16h and placing untreated PLLA nanofiber membrane in infrared lightAnd (5) detecting on a spectrometer. As a result, as shown in FIG. 4, it can be seen that only DSPE-PEG-NH was passed2The treated fiber membrane has characteristic peaks of amide bonds. In FIG. 4, PLLA represents untreated PLLA nanofiber membranes, NaOH represents PLLA nanofiber membranes treated with NaOH, EDC \ NHS represents PLLA nanofiber membranes treated with EDC \ NHS, and PLLA-DSPE represents PLPE-PEG-NH2Treated PLLA nanofiber membranes.
Labeling the extracted extracellular vesicles with PKH 26 dye, and loading the stained extracellular vesicles on DSPE-PEG-NH2And (3) rinsing the surfaces of the modified PLLA micro-nano fiber membrane and the unmodified PLLA micro-nano fiber membrane twice after 6 hours by using PBS buffer, adding 200 microliters of PBS buffer, taking out 200 microliters of PBS buffer at a detection time point at 37 ℃ to detect the fluorescence value, and adding a new 200 microliters of PBS buffer. The detection result is processed by image J as shown in FIG. 5, which shows that the detection result is processed by DSPE-PEG-NH2The release rate of the modified PLLA micro-nano fiber membrane extracellular vesicles is obviously slowed down. PLLA-EXO in fig. 5 represents PLLA micro-nanofiber membranes loaded with stained extracellular vesicles; PLLA-DSPE-EXO represents a stained extracellular vesicle loaded and passed through DSPE-PEG-NH2Modified PLLA micro-nano fiber membrane.
Example 3: application of PLLA micro-nano fiber membrane
Culturing fibroblast with the prepared micro-nano fiber membrane, taking out the membrane after 24h and 48h, and observing migration condition of fibroblast, wherein the result is shown in FIG. 6, and the fibroblast can be observed after DSPE-PEG-NH2The modified micro-nano fiber membrane can promote the migration of fibroblasts. PLLA-DSPE-EXO in FIG. 6 represents the extracellular vesicles loaded and passed through DSPE-PEG-NH2A modified PLLA micro-nanofiber membrane; PLLA indicates neither loading of extracellular vesicles nor passing through DSPE-PEG-NH2A modified PLLA micro-nanofiber membrane; PLLA-DSPE indicates that there are no extracellular vesicles loaded but DSPE-PEG-NH is passed2Modified PLLA micro-nano fiber membrane.
Culturing fibroblast and keratinocyte with the prepared micro-nanofiber membrane, taking out the membrane on days 1, 3 and 7 to observe cell proliferation, and obtaining results shown in FIGS. 7a and 7bIt is seen through DSPE-PEG-NH2The modified micro-nano fiber membrane can promote the proliferation of fibroblasts and keratinocytes. PLLA of FIGS. 7a and 7b shows neither extracellular vesicle-loaded nor DSPE-PEG-NH2A modified PLLA micro-nanofiber membrane; PLLA-DSPE-EXO represents extracellular vesicle loaded and passed through DSPE-PEG-NH2A modified PLLA micro-nanofiber membrane; PLLA-DSPE indicates that there are no extracellular vesicles loaded but DSPE-PEG-NH is passed2Modified PLLA micro-nano fiber membrane.
Culturing fibroblast and macrophage with the prepared micro-nano fiber membrane, taking out fibroblast on day 1 and day 7, taking out macrophage on day 2, observing gene expression condition of cell, and observing gene expression of cell, wherein the result is shown in FIG. 8a, FIG. 8b, FIG. 8c, FIG. 9a, FIG. 9b, FIG. 9c and FIG. 9d, and the result is shown by DSPE-PEG-NH2The modified micro-nano fiber membrane can promote the expression of related genes for repairing the wound surface of the fibroblast; promoting the expression of macrophage anti-inflammatory gene and inhibiting the expression of cell pro-inflammatory gene. PLLA in FIGS. 8a, 8b, 8c, 9a, 9b, 9c and 9d shows PLLA micro-nanofiber membranes without extracellular vesicles and modified with DSPE-PEG-NH2, and PLLA-DSPE shows PLLA micro-nanofiber membranes without extracellular vesicles and modified with DSPE-PEG-NH22The modified PLLA micro-nano fiber membrane is characterized in that PLLA-DSPE-EXO represents extracellular vesicle loaded and passes through DSPE-PEG-NH2Modified PLLA micro-nano fiber membrane.
The above examples are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, which are intended to be illustrative and not limiting, and those skilled in the art should understand that they can make various changes, substitutions and alterations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A micro-nano fibrous membrane with an extracellular vesicle slow-release function is characterized by comprising a micro-nano fibrous membrane, PEGylated phospholipid and extracellular vesicles; the micro-nano fibrous membrane is connected with one end of the PEGylated phospholipid, and the extracellular vesicle is connected with the other end of the PEGylated phospholipid.
2. The micro-nano fibrous membrane with the extracellular vesicle sustained-release function according to claim 1, wherein the micro-nano fibrous membrane is an electrospinnable polymer; the micro-nano fiber membrane is made of more than one of levorotatory polylactic acid, polylactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer and polycaprolactone; the diameter of the micro-nano fiber membrane is 400-2000 nm.
3. The micro-nano fibrous membrane with the extracellular vesicle slow-release function according to claim 1, wherein the PEGylated phospholipid is a hydrophobic phospholipid linked by PEG chains; the chain length of the PEG chain is 500-5000; the PEG phospholipid is connected with groups on the surface of the micro-nano fiber membrane; the groups on the surface of the micro-nano fiber membrane are more than one of carboxyl, amino and hydroxyl.
4. The micro-nano fibrous membrane with the extracellular vesicle slow-release function according to claim 1, wherein the PEGylated phospholipid can be inserted into a lipid bilayer of the extracellular vesicle membrane through hydrophobic interaction.
5. The micro-nano fibrous membrane with the extracellular vesicle slow-release function according to claim 1, wherein the extracellular vesicle is one or more of exosome, microbody and apoptotic body; the diameter of the extracellular vesicles is 50-1000 nm.
6. A method for preparing the micro-nano fiber membrane with the extracellular vesicle slow-release function according to any one of claims 1-5 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparing micro-nano fibers by an electrostatic spinning method, and weaving the micro-nano fibers into a micro-nano fiber membrane;
(2) carrying out surface modification treatment on the micro-nano fiber membrane obtained in the step (1), so that groups capable of reacting with PEG phospholipid are generated on the surface of the micro-nano fiber membrane, and the groups are activated to obtain a modified micro-nano fiber membrane;
(3) soaking the modified micro-nano fiber membrane obtained in the step (2) in a buffer solution containing PEG phospholipid, performing grafting reaction in a shaking table, and taking out to obtain the micro-nano fiber membrane with the surface grafted with the PEG phospholipid;
(4) and (4) soaking the micro-nano fibrous membrane grafted with the PEGylated phospholipid on the surface in the step (3) in a buffer solution containing extracellular vesicles to obtain the micro-nano fibrous membrane with the extracellular vesicle sustained-release function.
7. The method for preparing the micro-nano fiber membrane with the extracellular vesicle slow-release function according to claim 6, wherein the surface modification treatment in the step (2) is one or more of plasma treatment and wet chemical method.
8. The method for preparing a micro-nano fiber membrane with an extracellular vesicle slow-release function according to claim 6, wherein in the buffer solution containing the PEGylated phospholipid in the step (3), the concentration of the PEGylated phospholipid is 2-10mg/mL, the pH value of the buffer solution containing the PEGylated phospholipid is 5-6, the time of the grafting reaction is not less than 12 hours, and the rotation speed of a shaking table is 10-60 rpm.
9. The method for preparing a micro-nano fibrous membrane with an extracellular vesicle slow-release function according to claim 6, wherein in the buffer solution containing extracellular vesicles in the step (4), the concentration of the extracellular vesicles is 5-15 μ g/ml, the pH value of the buffer solution containing extracellular vesicles is 6.8-7.6, the temperature of the buffer solution containing extracellular vesicles is 4-37 ℃, and the time for soaking the micro-nano fibrous membrane grafted with the PEGylated phospholipid in the buffer solution containing extracellular vesicles is not less than 4 hours.
10. The use of the micro-nano fiber membrane with the extracellular vesicle slow-release function according to any one of claims 1 to 5 in the preparation of a carrier material of a drug or a bioactive substance for chronic wound repair.
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