CN112353529B - Bionic flexible intervertebral disc capable of effectively maintaining intervertebral height - Google Patents
Bionic flexible intervertebral disc capable of effectively maintaining intervertebral height Download PDFInfo
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- CN112353529B CN112353529B CN202011249755.7A CN202011249755A CN112353529B CN 112353529 B CN112353529 B CN 112353529B CN 202011249755 A CN202011249755 A CN 202011249755A CN 112353529 B CN112353529 B CN 112353529B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/44—Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs
- A61F2/442—Intervertebral or spinal discs, e.g. resilient
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/44—Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs
- A61F2/441—Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs made of inflatable pockets or chambers filled with fluid, e.g. with hydrogel
Abstract
The invention discloses a bionic flexible intervertebral disc capable of effectively maintaining intervertebral height, which comprises an upper end plate, a lower end plate, an upper metal plate, a lower metal plate, a core, nucleus pulposus, an inner-layer fibrous ring, an outer-layer fibrous ring and an outer membrane. The core comprises an upper cylinder body, a lower cylinder body, a piston column, a piston plate and a spring. The upper cylinder body and the lower cylinder body are connected with the upper metal plate and the lower metal plate through balls, so that the whole intervertebral disc has flexibility of flexion and extension and lateral bending. The upper cylinder body and the lower cylinder body are internally provided with springs, so that the buffering performance is improved and the minimum height of the intervertebral space is maintained when the upper cylinder body and the lower cylinder body are axially compressed. The fiber layer and the physiological saline ring are distributed on the nucleus pulposus from top to bottom, so that the anti-fatigue property of the nucleus pulposus is effectively improved, and the height of the nucleus pulposus is favorably recovered. The inner layer fiber ring and the outer layer fiber ring are ingeniously combined with the inner layer fiber rope and the outer layer fiber rope, so that stable support can be provided, and the tensile property is good. The invention can realize physiological movement between vertebral bodies, has better buffer effect and anti-fatigue property, and effectively maintains the height of the intervertebral space.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical bionic engineering, and particularly relates to a bionic flexible intervertebral disc capable of effectively maintaining intervertebral height.
Background
Lumbar intervertebral disc protrusion and cervical intervertebral disc degenerative change are common orthopedic clinical symptoms, and due to the influences of various factors such as age, living habits, trauma, diseases and the like, the normal physiological structure of intervertebral discs changes, so that the problems of protrusion, collapse, atrophy, displacement or other deformation and the like are caused, and heavy burden is caused to the life, study and even economy of patients. The traditional surgical treatment method is to excise the pathological intervertebral disc, then implant bone or filler between the upper and lower vertebral bodies to fill the intervertebral space, and use a fusion device to completely fuse the upper and lower vertebral bodies together to achieve the purpose of treatment. However, the fused segment loses its motility function, and then degeneration and instability of the adjacent segment are secondarily caused. Therefore, artificial disc replacement has become a new approach to the treatment of degenerative disc disease in recent years.
Artificial intervertebral disc replacement as an operation method for treatment without fixing vertebral bodies is a novel operation mode which can keep the activity of a pathological vertebral body, correctly transmit load and stress between an upper vertebral body and a lower vertebral body, reduce adjacent segment degeneration and relieve clinical symptoms, and the performance of the artificial intervertebral disc implanted in the operation has very important influence on the implantation effect. The motion mode between the present artificial intervertebral disc parts is mostly non-elastic mechanical friction or impact motion, the whole rigidity is bigger, there is a foreign body sensation when implanting the human body, and the piece that the wearing and tearing produced between the artificial intervertebral disc parts easily arouses the granule inflammatory reaction in the human body moreover. In order to reappear the motion function and the buffer performance of the biological intervertebral disc, the flexible artificial intervertebral disc is produced at the same time, the deformable elastomer is arranged between the upper endplate and the lower endplate, the three-dimensional six-freedom-degree movement of the artificial intervertebral disc in rotation, flexion and extension and translation is effectively realized through the elastic deformation of the elastomer, and the physiological motion characteristic of the normal intervertebral disc of a human body is more approximate. However, when the elastic body supports the upper and lower vertebral bodies, the elastic body is impacted by cyclic load, and after long-time use, the elastic body is easy to generate irregular deformation due to fatigue, so that the elastic body is attenuated in the longitudinal axis direction of a human body and collapses, the vertebral bodies cannot be well supported, and the intervertebral height is lost. This entails that the patient has to undergo a secondary operation, which entails more double losses in terms of health and economy.
In view of the current research situation of the flexible artificial intervertebral disc, a bionic flexible intervertebral disc which has good fatigue resistance and can effectively maintain the intervertebral height is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a bionic flexible intervertebral disc capable of effectively maintaining the intervertebral height, and solves the problems of poor anti-fatigue property and intervertebral height loss of the conventional flexible artificial intervertebral disc.
A bionic flexible intervertebral disc for effectively maintaining the intervertebral height comprises an upper end plate, a lower end plate, an upper metal plate, a lower metal plate, a core, nucleus pulposus, an inner fibrous ring, an outer fibrous ring and an outer membrane. The core comprises an upper cylinder body, a lower cylinder body, a piston column, a piston plate and a spring. The upper end plate is arranged at the upper end of the upper metal plate, and the lower end plate is arranged at the lower end of the lower metal plate; the nucleus pulposus is positioned between the upper metal plate and the lower metal plate, and the core is positioned in the circular through hole in the center of the nucleus pulposus; the inner layer fiber ring is sleeved on the outer layer of the nucleus pulposus, the outer layer fiber ring is sleeved on the outer layer of the inner layer fiber ring, and the outer film is sleeved on the outer layer of the outer layer fiber ring.
The upper surface of the upper end plate and the lower surface of the lower end plate are both provided with a sawtooth-shaped connecting piece, and the sawtooth-shaped connecting pieces are provided with connecting holes. The lower surface of the upper end plate is connected with the upper surface of the upper metal plate through screws, and the upper surface of the lower end plate is connected with the lower surface of the lower metal plate through screws. The lower surface of the upper metal plate is provided with a cylindrical convex body which is matched with the circular groove at the center of the upper part of the nucleus pulposus, and the periphery of the cylindrical convex body is provided with a fan blade body which is matched with the groove at the upper end of the nucleus pulposus; the upper surface of the lower metal plate is provided with a cylindrical convex body which is matched with a circular groove at the center of the lower part of the nucleus pulposus, and the periphery of the cylindrical convex body is provided with a fan blade body which is matched with a groove at the lower end of the nucleus pulposus. A semicircular groove is formed in the center of the lower end of the cylindrical convex body on the lower surface of the upper metal plate, a ball groove is formed in the surface of the semicircular groove, and a ball capable of rotating around the center is arranged in the ball groove and is in contact with the upper arc surface of the upper cylinder body; the center of the upper end of the cylindrical convex body on the upper surface of the lower metal plate is provided with a semicircular groove, the surface of the semicircular groove is provided with a ball groove, and a ball capable of rotating around the center is arranged in the ball groove and is contacted with the lower cambered surface of the lower cylinder body. Go up and be connected through the piston post between the cylinder body and the lower cylinder body, both ends are equipped with the piston board about the piston post, go up the inside of cylinder body and lower cylinder body and all are equipped with the spring, and the spring other end is connected with the piston board, and whole core is located the circular through-hole at nucleus pulposus center. The nucleus pulposus is in a drum shape and is alternately provided with fiber layers and physiological saline rings from top to bottom. The inner-layer fiber ring is drum-shaped and is sleeved on the outer layer of the nucleus pulposus, the inner part of the inner-layer fiber ring is provided with wear-resistant pipes which are obliquely arranged, the upper end surface of the upper metal plate and the lower end surface of the lower metal plate are both provided with annular grooves, inner ring holes and outer ring holes are arranged in the annular grooves, and an inner-layer fiber rope passes through the wear-resistant pipes of all the inner-layer fiber rings and the inner ring holes of the upper metal plate and the lower metal plate, so that the upper end surface of the inner-layer fiber ring is coincided with the lower end surface of the upper metal plate, and the lower end surface of the inner-layer fiber ring is coincide; the outer fiber ring is drum-shaped and is sleeved on the outer layer of the inner fiber ring, the inner part of the outer fiber ring is provided with a wear-resistant pipe which is obliquely arranged, and an outer fiber rope passes through the wear-resistant pipes of all the outer fiber rings and the outer ring holes of the upper metal plate and the lower metal plate, so that the upper end surface of the outer fiber ring is coincided with the lower end surface of the upper metal plate, and the lower end surface of the outer fiber ring is coincided with the upper end surface of the lower metal plate. The outer film is sleeved on the outer layer of the outer fiber ring, and the upper end and the lower end of the outer film are respectively bonded with the outer ring grooves on the upper metal plate and the lower metal plate into a whole.
The core is positioned in a circular through hole in the center of the nucleus pulposus, and the upper cambered surface of the upper cylinder body and the lower cambered surface of the lower cylinder body are in contact with the upper metal plate and the lower metal plate through balls, so that the flexibility of flexion and extension and lateral bending of the whole bionic intervertebral disc is improved. The springs are arranged in the upper cylinder body and the lower cylinder body, the buffer performance of the upper cylinder body and the lower cylinder body is improved when the upper cylinder body and the lower cylinder body are compressed axially, and the height of the intervertebral is the minimum when the lower bottom of the upper cylinder body and the upper bottom of the lower cylinder body are superposed. Thus, the core is effective in maintaining intervertebral height.
The nucleus pulposus is made of polyurethane material, and is alternately provided with fiber layers and physiological saline rings from top to bottom, and is cast into a whole by adopting a mould. The fibers in the fibrous layer are arranged in a crossed manner, and the quadrilateral meshes formed by the crossed fibers are gradually enlarged from the center to the periphery, so that the rigidity of the nucleus pulposus is gradually reduced from the center to the periphery, and the bending and stretching and the lateral bending movement of the intervertebral disc are facilitated. The polyurethane material is used as a matrix, and the fiber layer is used as a reinforcement, so that the fatigue resistance of the nucleus pulposus can be effectively improved. The normal saline layer is a closed ring and comprises a cavity and a conduit, the normal saline can freely flow in the cavity and the conduit, the elastic membrane is sealed, when one side of the nucleus pulposus is pressed, the normal saline flows to the opposite side, the elastic deformation of the opposite side is favorably recovered, and the intervertebral height is effectively recovered.
The inner-layer fiber ring and the outer-layer fiber ring are made of high-molecular polyethylene materials, and the inner-layer fiber rope and the outer-layer fiber rope form a space staggered reinforcing structure. The elastic modulus of the nucleus pulposus, the inner-layer fibrous ring and the outer-layer fibrous ring is increased in sequence. Not only ensures the flexible deformation and the buffering performance of nucleus pulposus, but also ensures the supporting performance of the inner layer fiber ring and the outer layer fiber ring.
The working principle and the process of the invention are as follows:
the present invention is taught in terms of the structural, material and functional characteristics of human intervertebral discs. The intervertebral disc exists between vertebral bodies, is the main connecting structure of the upper vertebral body and the lower vertebral body, and consists of a cartilage plate, a nucleus pulposus and an annulus fibrosus. The end plates are positioned between the bony endplates and the intervertebral disc, connecting the disc and the adjacent vertebrae into a minimal motion segment. The nucleus pulposus is located in the central part, is a jelly-like substance with rich water content and viscoelasticity, is rich in proteoglycan, also has a small amount of elastin and II-type fibers, and the II-type fibers play a role of reinforcing ribs and have better anti-fatigue property. The nucleus pulposus which has both solid and liquid physical properties ensures that the pressure loaded on the intervertebral disc is transmitted and redistributed in all directions and is kept stable, can absorb most of the compression load action and impact, and keeps the whole vertebral body stable. The annulus occupies the peripheral region and surrounds the nucleus in a layered arrangement, including the annular matrix and the annulus fibers. The annulus fibrosus is a concentric lamellar structure of type i collagen components that serves as the annular boundary that contains the nucleus pulposus. The orientation of two adjacent layers of collagen fibers forms an included angle of +/-25-45 degrees relative to the cross section of the intervertebral disc, and the staggered fiber reinforced structure ensures that the mechanical property of the fibrous ring is related to the direction and has better toughness characteristic. Therefore, the annulus fibrosus not only can maintain the position and shape of nucleus pulposus, but also has good toughness and antifatigue property, so that the intervertebral disk is durable.
Therefore, the human intervertebral disc not only can keep the intervertebral height and ensure that the vertebral bodies have certain motion performance, but also has stronger anti-fatigue property and can bear the cyclic impact force and the periodic motion.
Based on the structure, material characteristics and biomechanical function of the human intervertebral disc, the bionic intervertebral disc is designed into an upper end plate, a lower end plate, an upper metal plate, a lower metal plate, a core, nucleus pulposus, an inner fibrous ring, an outer fibrous ring and an outer membrane. The core comprises an upper cylinder body, a lower cylinder body, a piston column, a piston plate and a spring. The upper end plate is arranged at the upper end of the upper metal plate, and the lower end plate is arranged at the lower end of the lower metal plate; the nucleus pulposus is positioned between the upper metal plate and the lower metal plate, and the core is positioned in the circular through hole in the center of the nucleus pulposus; the inner layer fiber ring is sleeved on the outer layer of the nucleus pulposus, the outer layer fiber ring is sleeved on the outer layer of the inner layer fiber ring, and the outer film is sleeved on the outer layer of the outer layer fiber ring.
The nucleus pulposus is drum-shaped, is made of polyurethane material, is alternately provided with fiber layers and physiological saline rings from top to bottom, and is cast into a whole by adopting a mould. The fibers in the fibrous layer are arranged in a crossed manner, and the quadrilateral meshes formed by the crossed fibers are gradually enlarged from the center to the periphery, so that the rigidity of the nucleus pulposus is gradually reduced from the center to the periphery, and the bending and stretching and the lateral bending movement of the intervertebral disc are facilitated. The polyurethane material is used as a matrix, and the fiber layer is used as a reinforcement, so that the anti-fatigue property of the nucleus pulposus can be effectively improved, and the service life of the intervertebral disc prosthesis is prolonged. The normal saline ring is a closed ring and comprises a cavity and a conduit, the normal saline can freely flow in the cavity and the conduit, the elastic membrane is sealed, when one side of the nucleus pulposus is pressed, the normal saline flows to the opposite side, the elastic deformation of the opposite side is favorably recovered, and the intervertebral height is effectively recovered.
The inner fiber ring and the outer fiber ring are drum-shaped and both made of high-molecular polyethylene materials, the inner fiber ring is sleeved on the outer layer of the nucleus pulposus, and the outer fiber ring is sleeved on the outer layer of the inner fiber ring. The inner fiber ring and the outer fiber ring are internally provided with the wear-resistant pipes which are obliquely arranged, the upper metal plate and the lower metal plate are respectively provided with an inner ring hole and an outer ring hole, the inner fiber ring and the outer fiber ring are arranged between the upper metal plate and the lower metal plate, one inner fiber rope penetrates through the wear-resistant pipes on all the inner fiber rings and the inner ring holes of the upper metal plate and the lower metal plate, one outer fiber rope penetrates through the wear-resistant pipes on all the outer fiber rings and the outer ring holes of the upper metal plate and the lower metal plate, and the inner fiber rope and the outer fiber rope have stronger tensile performance. The inner layer fiber ropes are arranged in the inner layer fiber ring in the right-down-left-up direction, and the outer layer fiber ropes are arranged in the outer layer fiber ring in the left-down-right-up direction, so that the inner layer fiber ropes and the outer layer fiber ropes are arranged in a crossed manner in space, a staggered reinforcing structure similar to the fiber ring of a biological intervertebral disc is formed, the toughness and the fatigue resistance are good, and the service life of the fiber ring is effectively prolonged.
The elastic modulus of the nucleus pulposus, the inner-layer fibrous ring and the outer-layer fibrous ring is sequentially increased, so that the flexible deformation and the buffering performance of the nucleus pulposus are ensured, and the supporting performance of the inner-layer fibrous ring and the outer-layer fibrous ring is also ensured.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the upper metal plate, the lower metal plate and the core are in transition connection through the balls, friction force is effectively reduced, the upper metal plate and the lower metal plate flexibly rotate by taking the core as a fulcrum, and bending flexibility and lateral bending flexibility of the whole bionic intervertebral disc are effectively improved. Springs are arranged in the upper cylinder body and the lower cylinder body, the buffer performance of the upper cylinder body and the lower cylinder body is improved when the upper cylinder body and the lower cylinder body are compressed axially, and when the lower bottom of the upper cylinder body and the upper bottom of the lower cylinder body are overlapped, the height of the intervertebral is the minimum. Thus, the core is effective in maintaining intervertebral height.
2. The fibers in the fibrous layer are arranged in a crossed manner, and the quadrilateral meshes formed by the crossed fibers are gradually enlarged from the center to the periphery, so that the rigidity of the nucleus pulposus is gradually reduced from the center to the periphery, and the bending and stretching and the lateral bending movement of the intervertebral disc are facilitated. The polyurethane material is used as a matrix, and the fiber layer is used as a reinforcement, so that the fatigue resistance of the nucleus pulposus can be effectively improved.
3. The normal saline can freely flow in the cavity and the catheter, when one side of the nucleus pulposus is pressed, the normal saline flows to the opposite side, the cavity and the catheter on the opposite side are in an expansion state, the elastic deformation of the opposite side is favorably recovered, and the intervertebral height is effectively recovered.
4. The elastic modulus of the nucleus pulposus, the inner-layer fibrous ring and the outer-layer fibrous ring is increased in sequence. Not only ensures the flexible deformation and the buffering performance of nucleus pulposus, but also ensures the supporting performance of the inner layer fiber ring and the outer layer fiber ring.
5. The outer layer fiber rope and the inner layer fiber rope form a space staggered reinforcing structure in the outer layer fiber ring and the inner layer fiber ring, and the bionic flexible intervertebral disc has strong tensile property and can effectively prolong the service life of the bionic flexible intervertebral disc.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a sectional view a-a of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic top view of the upper metal plate according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the lower end surface of the upper metal plate of the present invention.
Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of a core of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the nucleus pulposus structure of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the saline ring of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the fiber arrangement in the fiber layer of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the inner and outer layer fiber ring structures of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-upper end plate; 2-lower end plate; 3-upper metal plate; 4-lower metal plate; 5-a core; 6-nucleus pulposus; 7-inner layer fiber ring; 8-outer layer fiber ring; 9-outer membrane; 10-upper cylinder body; 11-lower cylinder body; 12-a piston column; 13-a piston plate; 14-a spring; 15-a zigzag link; 16-connecting holes; 17-a screw; 18-cylindrical convex body; 19-circular grooves; 20-a fan blade body; 21-a groove; 22-a semicircular groove; 23-a ball groove; 24-a ball bearing; 25-circular through holes; 26-a fiber layer; 27-normal saline ring; 28-wear resistant pipe; 29-an annular groove; 30-inner circle hole; 31-outer ring hole; 32-inner layer fiber rope; 33-outer layer fiber rope; 34-outer ring groove; 35-a cavity; 36-a catheter;
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 4, fig. 5, fig. 6, fig. 7, fig. 8 and fig. 9, a bionic flexible intervertebral disc effective for maintaining intervertebral height comprises an upper endplate 1, a lower endplate 2, an upper metal plate 3, a lower metal plate 4, a core 5, a nucleus pulposus 6, an inner fibrous ring 7, an outer fibrous ring 8 and an outer membrane 9. The core 5 comprises an upper cylinder 10, a lower cylinder 11, a piston post 12, a piston plate 13 and a spring 14. The upper end plate 1 and the lower end plate 2 are cuboid plates, and the materials are preferably titanium alloy materials, so that the bionic intervertebral disc and bony tissues are ensured to have better fusion. The upper surface of the upper end plate 1 and the lower surface of the lower end plate 2 are both provided with a saw-tooth connecting piece 15, and the saw-tooth connecting piece 15 is provided with a connecting hole 16 so as to facilitate the connection of the intervertebral disc prosthesis with the upper vertebral body and the lower vertebral body. The lower surface of the upper end plate 1 and the upper surface of the upper metal plate 3 are connected by screws 17, and the upper surface of the lower end plate 2 and the lower surface of the lower metal plate 4 are connected by screws 17. The lower surface of the upper metal plate 3 is provided with a cylindrical convex body 18 which is matched with a circular groove 19 at the center of the upper part of the nucleus pulposus, and the periphery of the cylindrical convex body 18 is provided with a fan blade body 20 which is matched with a groove 21 at the upper end of the nucleus pulposus 6; the upper surface of the lower metal plate 4 is provided with a cylindrical convex body 18 which is matched with a circular groove 19 at the center of the lower part of the nucleus pulposus 6, the periphery of the cylindrical convex body 18 is provided with a fan blade body 20 which is matched with a groove 21 at the lower end of the nucleus pulposus 6, therefore, the cylindrical convex body 18 and the fan blade body 20 are embedded into the nucleus pulposus 6, and the nucleus pulposus 6, the upper metal plate 3 and the lower metal plate 4 can not slide relatively during the rotation movement. A semicircular groove 22 is formed in the center of the lower end of the cylindrical convex body 18 on the lower surface of the upper metal plate 3, a ball groove 23 is formed in the surface of the semicircular groove 22, and a ball 24 capable of rotating around the center is arranged in the ball groove 23 and is in contact with the upper cambered surface of the upper cylinder body 10; the center of the upper end of the cylindrical convex body 18 on the upper surface of the lower metal plate 4 is provided with a semicircular groove 22, the surface of the semicircular groove 22 is provided with a ball groove 23, and a ball 24 which can rotate around the center is arranged in the ball groove 23 and is contacted with the lower cambered surface of the lower cylinder body 11. The upper metal plate 3 and the lower metal plate 4 flexibly rotate by taking the core 5 as a fulcrum, and balls 24 are arranged between interfaces for transition, so that the friction force can be reduced, and the flexibility of bending, stretching and lateral bending of the whole bionic intervertebral disc is improved. The upper cylinder body 10 and the lower cylinder body 11 are connected through a piston column 12, the upper end and the lower end of the piston column 12 are provided with piston plates 13, springs 14 are arranged inside the upper cylinder body 10 and the lower cylinder body 11, the other ends of the springs 14 are connected with the piston plates 13, and the whole core 5 is positioned in a circular through hole 25 in the center of the nucleus pulposus 6. When the bionic intervertebral disc is subjected to axial pressure, the upper cylinder body 10 and the lower cylinder body 11 can move towards the axis center by the pressure from the upper metal plate 3 and the lower metal plate 4, the spring 14 is in a gradually compressed state at the moment, the damping effect is achieved, and particularly when strong impact force is applied, the whole core 5 has a good buffering effect. When the lower bottom of the upper cylinder 10 and the upper bottom of the lower cylinder 11 coincide, the height of the intervertebral space is minimized, and thus, the core 5 can effectively maintain the height of the intervertebral space. When the intervertebral disc is under tension, the upper cylinder 10 and the lower cylinder 11 move away from the center gradually, and the pressure of the spring 14 is reduced gradually until the natural state is recovered. The nucleus pulposus 6 is drum-shaped, is preferably made of polyurethane material, is alternately provided with fiber layers 26 and physiological saline rings 27 from top to bottom, and is cast into a whole by adopting a mould. The fibers in the fiber layer 26 are arranged in a crossed manner, and the quadrilateral meshes formed by the crossed fibers are gradually enlarged from the center to the periphery, so that the rigidity of the nucleus pulposus 6 is gradually reduced from the center to the periphery, and the flexion and extension and the lateral bending movement of the intervertebral disc are facilitated. The polyurethane material is used as a matrix, and the fiber layer 26 is used as a reinforcement, so that the fatigue resistance of the nucleus pulposus 6 can be effectively improved, and the service life of the intervertebral disc prosthesis can be prolonged. The saline ring 27 is a closed ring, and comprises a cavity 35 and a conduit 36, wherein saline can freely flow in the cavity 35 and the conduit 36, the elastic membrane is sealed to prevent the leakage of the saline, when one side of the nucleus pulposus 6 is under the action of pressure, the saline flows to the opposite side, the cavity 35 and the conduit 36 on the opposite side are in an expanded state, and the elastic deformation of the opposite side is favorably recovered, so that the saline ring 27 can effectively recover the intervertebral height. The inner-layer fiber ring 7 is drum-shaped, the material is preferably high-molecular polyethylene material, the inner-layer fiber ring 7 is sleeved on the outer layer of the nucleus pulposus 6, the inner part of the inner-layer fiber ring is provided with an obliquely arranged wear-resistant pipe 28, the upper end surface of the upper metal plate 3 and the lower end surface of the lower metal plate 4 are both provided with annular grooves 29, an inner ring hole 30 and an outer ring hole 31 are arranged in the annular grooves 29, an inner-layer fiber rope 32 penetrates through the wear-resistant pipes 28 on the inner-layer fiber ring 7 and the inner ring holes 30 of the upper metal plate 3 and the lower metal plate 4, so that the upper end surface of the inner-layer fiber ring 7 is coincided with the lower end surface of the upper metal plate 3, and the lower end surface of the; outer fiber ring 8 is the drum-shaped, and the preferred polymer polyethylene material of material, outer fiber ring 8 suit are equipped with the wear-resisting pipe 28 that the slope was arranged on 7 outer layers of inlayer fiber ring, and an outer fiber rope 33 passes all wear-resisting pipes 28 of outer fiber ring 8 and the outer circle hole 31 of last metal sheet 3 and lower metal sheet 4, makes the up end of outer fiber ring 8 and the coincidence of the lower terminal surface of last metal sheet 3, and the lower terminal surface of outer fiber ring 8 and the coincidence of the up end of lower metal sheet 4. The inner layer fiber rope 32 and the outer layer fiber rope 33 have strong tensile performance, the inner layer fiber rope 32 is arranged in the inner layer fiber ring 7 from the right lower part to the left upper part, the outer layer fiber rope 33 is arranged in the outer layer fiber ring 8 from the left lower part to the right upper part, therefore, the inner layer fiber rope 32 and the outer layer fiber rope 33 are arranged in a crossed mode in space, a stable and anti-fatigue reinforcing structure is formed, and the intervertebral disc has strong tensile performance when rotating left and right and performing lateral bending movement. The elastic modulus of the nucleus pulposus 6, the inner-layer fibrous ring 7 and the outer-layer fibrous ring 8 is sequentially increased, so that the flexible deformation and the buffering performance of the nucleus pulposus 6 are ensured, and the supporting performance of the inner-layer fibrous ring 7 and the outer-layer fibrous ring 8 is also ensured. The outer membrane 9 is sleeved on the outer layer of the outer layer fiber ring 8, the outer membrane is made of a biocompatible polymer material, and the upper end and the lower end of the outer membrane are respectively bonded with the outer annular grooves 34 on the upper metal plate 3 and the lower metal plate 4 into a whole. The outer membrane 9 can make corresponding compression, stretching and rotation movement along with the movement of the upper end plate 1 and the lower end plate 2, and can also effectively prevent the contact of internal structures or abrasive dust with other tissues of the human body.
Therefore, the whole bionic intervertebral disc not only keeps the flexible deformation and the buffer performance of the biological intervertebral disc, but also has better anti-fatigue property, is beneficial to effectively maintaining the height of the intervertebral space of the operation segment for a long time after being implanted into a human body, and has good long-term effect.
Claims (6)
1. A bionic flexible intervertebral disc capable of effectively maintaining intervertebral height is characterized in that: comprises an upper end plate (1), a lower end plate (2), an upper metal plate (3), a lower metal plate (4), a core (5), a nucleus pulposus (6), an inner-layer fibrous ring (7), an outer-layer fibrous ring (8) and an outer membrane (9); the core (5) comprises an upper cylinder body (10), a lower cylinder body (11), a piston column (12), a piston plate (13) and a spring (14); the upper surface of the upper end plate (1) and the lower surface of the lower end plate (2) are both provided with a sawtooth-shaped connecting piece (15), and the sawtooth-shaped connecting piece (15) is provided with a connecting hole (16); the lower surface of the upper end plate (1) is connected with the upper surface of the upper metal plate (3) through a screw (17), and the upper surface of the lower end plate (2) is connected with the lower surface of the lower metal plate (4) through a screw (17); the lower surface of the upper metal plate (3) is provided with a cylindrical convex body (18), and the cylindrical convex body (18) is matched with a circular groove (19) at the center of the upper part of the nucleus pulposus; the periphery of the cylindrical convex body (18) is provided with a fan blade body (20), and the fan blade body (20) is matched with a groove (21) at the upper end of the nucleus pulposus (6); the upper surface of the lower metal plate (4) is provided with a cylindrical convex body (18), and the cylindrical convex body (18) is matched with a circular groove (19) in the center of the lower part of the nucleus pulposus (6); the periphery of the cylindrical convex body (18) is provided with a fan blade body (20), and the fan blade body (20) is matched with a groove (21) at the lower end of the nucleus pulposus (6); a semicircular groove (22) is formed in the center of the lower end of the cylindrical convex body (18) on the lower surface of the upper metal plate (3), a ball groove (23) is formed in the surface of the semicircular groove (22), a ball (24) capable of rotating around the center is arranged in the ball groove (23), and the ball (24) is in contact with the upper arc surface of the upper cylinder body (10); a semicircular groove (22) is formed in the center of the upper end of a cylindrical convex body (18) on the upper surface of the lower metal plate (4), a ball groove (23) is formed in the surface of the semicircular groove (22), a ball (24) capable of rotating around the center is arranged in the ball groove (23), and the ball (24) is in contact with the lower arc surface of the lower cylinder body (11); the upper cylinder body (10) is connected with the lower cylinder body (11) through a piston column (12), piston plates (13) are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the piston column (12), springs (14) are arranged inside the upper cylinder body (10) and the lower cylinder body (11), the other ends of the springs (14) are connected with the piston plates (13), and the whole core (5) is positioned in a circular through hole (25) in the center of the nucleus pulposus (6); the nucleus pulposus (6) is drum-shaped and is alternately provided with fiber layers (26) and physiological saline rings (27) from top to bottom; the inner-layer fiber ring (7) is drum-shaped and is sleeved on the outer layer of the nucleus pulposus (6), the inner part of the inner-layer fiber ring (7) is provided with a wear-resistant pipe (28) which is obliquely arranged, the upper end surface of the upper metal plate (3) and the lower end surface of the lower metal plate (4) are respectively provided with an annular groove (29), an inner ring hole (30) and an outer ring hole (31) are arranged in the annular groove (29), an inner-layer fiber rope (32) penetrates through the wear-resistant pipes (28) of all the inner-layer fiber rings (7) and the inner ring holes (30) of the upper metal plate (3) and the lower metal plate (4), so that the upper end surface of the inner-layer fiber ring (7) is coincided with the lower end surface of the upper metal plate (3), and the lower end surface of the inner-layer fiber ring (7) is coincided with the; the outer-layer fiber ring (8) is drum-shaped and is sleeved on the outer layer of the inner-layer fiber ring (7), wear-resistant pipes (28) which are obliquely arranged are arranged in the outer-layer fiber ring (8), an outer-layer fiber rope (33) penetrates through the wear-resistant pipes (28) of all the outer-layer fiber rings (8) and outer ring holes (31) of the upper metal plate (3) and the lower metal plate (4), so that the upper end face of the outer-layer fiber ring (8) is coincided with the lower end face of the upper metal plate (3), and the lower end face of the outer-layer fiber ring (8) is coincided with the upper end face of the lower metal plate (4); the outer membrane (9) is sleeved on the outer layer of the outer layer fiber ring (8), and the upper end and the lower end of the outer membrane are respectively bonded with the outer ring grooves (34) on the upper metal plate (3) and the lower metal plate (4) into a whole.
2. The biomimetic flexible intervertebral disc effective to maintain intervertebral height according to claim 1, wherein: the upper end plate (1) and the lower end plate (2) are rectangular plates made of titanium alloy.
3. The biomimetic flexible intervertebral disc effective to maintain intervertebral height according to claim 1, wherein: the nucleus pulposus (6) is made of polyurethane material, is alternately provided with fiber layers (26) and physiological saline rings (27) from top to bottom, and is cast into a whole by adopting a mould; the fibers in the fiber layer (26) are arranged in a crossed manner, and the quadrilateral meshes formed by the crossed fibers are gradually enlarged from the center to the periphery; the normal saline ring (27) is a closed ring and comprises a cavity (35) and a conduit (36), an elastic film is arranged in the cavity (35) and the conduit (36), and the normal saline can freely flow in the elastic film.
4. The biomimetic flexible intervertebral disc effective to maintain intervertebral height according to claim 1, wherein: the inner-layer fiber ring (7) and the outer-layer fiber ring (8) are made of high-molecular polyethylene materials.
5. The biomimetic flexible intervertebral disc effective to maintain intervertebral height according to claim 1, wherein: the elastic modulus of the nucleus pulposus (6), the inner-layer fibrous ring (7) and the outer-layer fibrous ring (8) is increased in sequence.
6. The biomimetic flexible intervertebral disc effective to maintain intervertebral height according to claim 1, wherein: the outer membrane (9) is made of a biocompatible high polymer material.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105534623A (en) * | 2016-01-12 | 2016-05-04 | 四川大学华西医院 | Bionic artificial intervertebral disk |
| CN106901876A (en) * | 2017-02-22 | 2017-06-30 | 无锡宝莱福医疗器械有限公司 | A kind of biomimetic type artificial intervertebral disk and its forming method |
| CN111938883A (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2020-11-17 | 吉林大学 | Bionic intervertebral disc |
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| JP4456481B2 (en) * | 2002-08-15 | 2010-04-28 | ガーバー，デイヴィッド | Controlled artificial disc implant |
| US8535379B2 (en) * | 2006-04-04 | 2013-09-17 | Nathan C. Moskowitz | Artificial cervical and lumbar discs, disc plate insertion gun for performing sequential single plate intervertebral implantation enabling symmetric bi-disc plate alignment for interplate mobile core placement |
| US20060235523A1 (en) * | 2005-04-19 | 2006-10-19 | Sdgi Holdings, Inc. | Implant having a sheath with a motion-limiting attribute |
| US20060276900A1 (en) * | 2005-06-01 | 2006-12-07 | Carpenter Clyde T | Anatomic total disc replacement |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105534623A (en) * | 2016-01-12 | 2016-05-04 | 四川大学华西医院 | Bionic artificial intervertebral disk |
| CN106901876A (en) * | 2017-02-22 | 2017-06-30 | 无锡宝莱福医疗器械有限公司 | A kind of biomimetic type artificial intervertebral disk and its forming method |
| CN111938883A (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2020-11-17 | 吉林大学 | Bionic intervertebral disc |
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