CN112351275A - Feature area privacy protection method and device based on original image - Google Patents
Feature area privacy protection method and device based on original image Download PDFInfo
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- CN112351275A CN112351275A CN201910721090.6A CN201910721090A CN112351275A CN 112351275 A CN112351275 A CN 112351275A CN 201910721090 A CN201910721090 A CN 201910721090A CN 112351275 A CN112351275 A CN 112351275A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/134—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or criterion affecting or controlling the adaptive coding
- H04N19/136—Incoming video signal characteristics or properties
- H04N19/137—Motion inside a coding unit, e.g. average field, frame or block difference
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
- G06V10/00—Arrangements for image or video recognition or understanding
- G06V10/20—Image preprocessing
- G06V10/25—Determination of region of interest [ROI] or a volume of interest [VOI]
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
- G06V20/00—Scenes; Scene-specific elements
- G06V20/40—Scenes; Scene-specific elements in video content
- G06V20/46—Extracting features or characteristics from the video content, e.g. video fingerprints, representative shots or key frames
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/169—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding
- H04N19/17—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/46—Embedding additional information in the video signal during the compression process
- H04N19/467—Embedding additional information in the video signal during the compression process characterised by the embedded information being invisible, e.g. watermarking
Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for protecting privacy of a characteristic region based on an original image. The invention effectively ensures the privacy of the image and realizes the restorability of the characteristic region subjected to fuzzy processing by the combination of the preprocessing of the image and the differential coding.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of video monitoring privacy protection, and particularly relates to a method and a device for protecting privacy of a characteristic area based on an original image.
Background
Video monitoring is an important component of a safety precaution system, and is widely applied to many occasions due to intuition, accuracy, timeliness and rich information content. In recent years, with the rapid development of computers, networks, image processing and transmission technologies, the popularization trend of video monitoring is more and more obvious.
The monitoring field is greatly changed, digitalized and high-definition in recent years, so that the definition of images is comprehensively improved, monitoring equipment is more and more popularized, and is comprehensively applied to various fields such as integration, traffic, schools and the like, and the monitoring equipment is everywhere. However, this also causes a problem that the privacy of the user is easily violated, and how to establish a sound surveillance video scheme with privacy protection is very important.
One solution in the prior art is to cover the privacy of a feature area by setting the feature area, thereby protecting the privacy of a user. In design, the technical scheme belongs to an unrecoverable technology, and the privacy covering is realized by directly filling black into a corresponding area, so that a covering effect is achieved, and an unrecoverable condition is caused.
However, when the image in the covered area needs to be recognized, for example, it is monitored that an illegal person enters the monitored area, face recognition needs to be performed on the person entering the monitored area, but data before being covered cannot be acquired due to the covering.
Furthermore, the hiding user experience of the prior art is not good. For example, the cover is a large rectangular cover, and the cover area is easily over-covered; secondly, the direct black block covers the whole image, so that the appearance of the whole image is damaged, and the direct black block is not easy to be accepted by a user.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method and a device for protecting privacy of a characteristic area based on an original image, which are used for overcoming the problems that a covered area cannot be recovered and the user experience is poor in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a method of feature area privacy protection based on an original image, comprising:
carrying out feature detection on the collected video image to obtain a feature area meeting preset features;
copying the characteristic area as a backup image, and carrying out fuzzy processing on the characteristic area;
performing difference calculation on the feature region after the fuzzy processing and the backup image to obtain a difference image;
and carrying out picture coding on the difference image, carrying out video coding on the complete video image of the characteristic region after the fuzzy processing, and carrying the picture coding data of the difference image in the video code stream after the video coding, so that a decoding end can decode to obtain the complete video image of the characteristic region after the fuzzy processing to realize privacy protection, and the characteristic region can be recovered according to the difference image obtained by decoding.
Further, the method for protecting privacy of the feature area based on the original image further comprises the following steps:
carrying out block segmentation on the characteristic area, and detecting and recording motion information of each block;
the picture coding of the difference image further comprises:
and carrying out block segmentation on the difference image, carrying out picture coding, and removing the non-motion blocks after quantization according to the motion information of each block in the picture coding process.
Further, the method for protecting privacy of the feature area based on the original image further comprises the following steps:
and encrypting the picture coding data of the difference image.
Further, the blurring processing on the feature region includes:
and dividing the characteristic region to obtain a plurality of divided units, carrying out mean value or median value statistics on each divided unit, and then carrying out total replacement on the divided units by using the value to obtain the characteristic region after fuzzy processing.
Further, the difference image is subjected to picture coding, and the coded picture coding data comprises a code stream header, private information and coding data information;
the picture coding data carrying the difference image in the video code stream after video coding comprises:
the I frame head of the video code stream carries the code stream head of the picture coding data, and the P/B frame carries the private information and the coding data information.
The invention also provides a device for protecting the privacy of the characteristic area based on the original image, which comprises the following steps:
the characteristic detection module is used for carrying out characteristic detection on the acquired video image to obtain a characteristic area meeting the preset characteristic;
the fuzzy processing module is used for copying the characteristic area as a backup image and carrying out fuzzy processing on the characteristic area;
the difference value calculation module is used for carrying out difference value calculation on the feature region after the fuzzy processing and the backup image to obtain a difference value image;
the encoding module is used for carrying out picture encoding on the difference image, carrying out video encoding on the complete video image of the characteristic region after the fuzzy processing, and carrying the picture encoding data of the difference image in the video code stream after the video encoding so that the decoding end can decode to obtain the complete video image of the characteristic region after the fuzzy processing to realize privacy protection, and can recover the characteristic region according to the difference image obtained by decoding.
Further, the device for protecting privacy of feature areas based on original images further comprises:
the motion detection module is used for carrying out block segmentation on the characteristic area and detecting and recording motion information of each block;
the coding module carries out picture coding on the difference image and also executes the following operations:
and carrying out block segmentation on the difference image, carrying out picture coding, and removing the non-motion blocks after quantization according to the motion information of each block in the picture coding process.
Further, the device for protecting privacy of feature areas based on original images further comprises:
and the encryption module is used for encrypting the picture coding data of the difference image.
Further, the fuzzy processing module performs fuzzy processing on the characteristic region and executes the following operations:
and dividing the characteristic region to obtain a plurality of divided units, carrying out mean value or median value statistics on each divided unit, and then carrying out total replacement on the divided units by using the value to obtain the characteristic region after fuzzy processing.
Further, the difference image is subjected to picture coding, and the coded picture coding data comprises a code stream header, private information and coding data information;
the coding module carries picture coding data of a difference image in a video code stream after video coding, and executes the following operations:
the I frame head of the video code stream carries the code stream head of the picture coding data, and the P/B frame carries the private information and the coding data information.
The invention provides a method and a device for protecting privacy of a characteristic region based on an original image. The invention effectively ensures the privacy of the image and realizes the restorability of the characteristic region subjected to fuzzy processing by the combination of the preprocessing of the image and the differential coding.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for privacy protection based on a feature area of an original image according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and examples, which should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Examples 1,
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a method for protecting privacy of a feature area based on an original image, including:
and step S1, carrying out feature detection on the collected video image, and acquiring a feature area meeting the preset feature.
In a video monitoring system, the collection and the coding of video images can be directly finished by front-end equipment such as a network camera IPC; or the video images can be collected by the front-end equipment and then encoded by the encoder. The present invention is not limited to a specific encoding device, and is generally referred to as an encoding end in this embodiment, and a device for receiving a code stream and decoding the code stream is generally referred to as a decoding end, which is not described below.
The method for protecting privacy of feature areas based on original images is applied to a coding end, and first, feature detection is performed on a collected video image, and the feature detection on the video image is already a relatively mature technology and is not repeated here. And after the characteristic detection, taking the area meeting the preset characteristic as a characteristic area.
Regarding the feature area and the preset feature, the setting is performed according to privacy protection required by the video monitoring system, for example, privacy protection is required to be performed on a human face, the human face area is detected, and the human face area is used as the feature area after the human face is identified. The featured area may also be other features, such as a safe in an office area.
And step S2, copying the characteristic area as a backup image, and performing fuzzy processing on the characteristic area.
In this embodiment, one copy of the feature area is used as a backup image, and the copied backup image will be used in subsequent steps, which will not be described in detail here.
The characteristic region is subjected to fuzzy processing, mainly privacy protection, and after the characteristic region is processed by technical means such as filtering and the like, the characteristic region becomes fuzzy and cannot be recognized by human eyes, so that the purpose of privacy protection is achieved.
As for a specific blurring method, the following description is made by way of an example, and the present invention is not limited to the specific blurring method:
for example, the feature region is divided to obtain a plurality of divided units, the average value or median value of each divided unit is counted, and then all the divided units are replaced by the value to obtain the feature region after the fuzzy processing. The embodiment mainly considers the fusion sense of the enhanced picture by adopting the median and the mean.
For example, the feature region is divided into a plurality of divided units, and each divided unit is replaced with a single color value to obtain a feature region after the blurring process.
The invention does not limit the specific method for the fuzzy processing of the characteristic region, but the selected method considers that the code rate is as small as possible when the subsequent video coding is carried out, and other fuzzy processing methods can be used as long as the fuzzy and invisible picture is achieved.
And step S3, performing difference calculation on the feature region after the blurring processing and the backup image to obtain a difference image.
In this embodiment, the acquired original video image is referred to as an image a, the feature region acquired from the image a is referred to as an image B, the feature region after the blurring processing is referred to as an image C, and the difference image is referred to as an image D, and since the backup image is the same as the feature region, then: d ═ B-C.
In addition, the image a-the image B + the image C obtain a complete video image with the feature region subjected to the blurring processing, which is referred to as an image E in this embodiment, and it is obvious that the image E is an image with the feature region in the original image a subjected to the blurring processing.
And step S4, carrying out picture coding on the difference image, carrying out video coding on the complete video image of the characteristic region after the fuzzy processing, and carrying the picture coding data of the difference image in the code stream after the video coding, so that the decoding end can decode to obtain the complete video image of the characteristic region after the fuzzy processing to realize privacy protection, and can recover the characteristic region according to the difference image obtained by decoding.
In a video monitoring system, video images are sent after being subjected to video compression coding, such as H264/H265 coding, and the coding mode of video images is a relatively mature technology, and is not described herein again. In this embodiment, a video code stream is generated and sent out after a complete video image, i.e., an image E, of which the characteristic region is subjected to blurring processing is subjected to normal video coding. After receiving the video code stream, the decoding end decodes the video code stream, and the decoded image is an image E, wherein the characteristic area is an image subjected to fuzzy processing, namely the characteristic area is covered, so that the privacy of a user is protected.
The difference image calculated in this embodiment is to recover the feature region after the blurring process in the original video image at the decoding end, so as to recover the original image of the feature region, for example, it is monitored that an illegal person enters the monitored region, and although the image is blurred, the image can be recovered by the difference image.
In this embodiment, after the difference image is subjected to picture coding, the difference image is sent along with the video stream, and the difference image is obtained after decoding at a decoding end. The original video image can be restored by simply summing the difference image with the image E. The calculation and summation of the difference values of the images are well-established techniques, and are not described herein again.
Examples 2,
This embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that, in step S1, the feature area is also subjected to block division, and motion information of each block is detected and recorded.
For example, the reason why the block division is performed in a size of 8 × 8 and the block division is performed in a size of 8 × 8 is that the divided block size is also 8 × 8 in general video coding. Of course, the size of the chip may be 4 × 4, which is not limited herein. The present embodiment takes the block size of 8 × 8 as an example for explanation.
The motion information of each block can be known through motion detection, and motion detection in an image is also a relatively mature technology, and is not described herein again.
It is easy to understand that in the feature area, there are necessarily some blocks with motion, and some blocks without motion. In subsequent encoding, the block without motion can be ignored, so that the carried data is greatly reduced, and the pressure of network bandwidth is reduced.
Therefore, this embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that the picture coding of the difference image further includes:
and carrying out block segmentation on the difference image, carrying out picture coding, and removing the non-motion blocks after quantization according to the motion information of each block in the picture coding process.
The difference image is subjected to 8x8 segmentation, then picture coding is performed, and the difference image is subjected to picture coding, usually JPEG or HEIF picture coding is adopted, but the invention is not limited to this, and JPEG picture coding is taken as an example in the following. In the process of picture coding, attention is paid to that JPEG picture coded data is divided into 1 and a code stream header, and a standard quantization table and the like are usually stored; 2. private information, storing block motion information and a private coding table; 3. the data information is encoded. Since JPEG picture coding is 8x8 macroblock independent coding, it is adjusted to add a private coding table, for example, a feature region of 32x32 is divided into 8x8, and the following private coding table is added:
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
TABLE 1
Each 8x8 in the private code sheet has 1 bit, with 0 representing no motion. 1 represents motion. When the final image is coded, the 8x8 macro blocks without motion are removed after quantization, and only the data of the motion area is reserved in the final picture code stream. Therefore, data needing to be carried is greatly reduced, and the pressure of network bandwidth is relieved.
In this embodiment, the complete video image after the feature region is subjected to the blurring processing needs to be subjected to video coding to generate a video code stream for transmission, and the video coding may adopt H264/H265 video coding. The picture coding data of the difference image and the feature area coordinate information can be subjected to SEI packaging, wherein SEI is a user private data segment in a video coding standard. As for carrying private data segments in video streams of video coding, the technology is also a relatively mature technology in the technical field, and private formats in other image coding fields can also be adopted for packaging, which is not described herein again. In H264/H265, not all data need to carry the bitstream header data, the bitstream header only needs to be recorded in the I frame header, and the P/B frame only needs to carry the private information and the encoded data information, which can further reduce the pressure of the bandwidth.
At the decoding end, the difference image can be decoded according to the motion information of each block and the private coding table, and details about the decoding process are not repeated here.
Preferably, in this embodiment, the picture coded data of the difference image is also encrypted.
The encryption method can adopt an international AES/DES algorithm for encryption processing, and usually a code stream header only needs to be encrypted once, namely when I frames are coded in video coding, the image coding configuration is not changed generally. And then, uniformly performing SEI packaging on the encrypted data and the coordinate information of the characteristic area, wherein the SEI is a user private data segment in the video coding standard. And can also adopt proprietary formats of other image coding fields for packaging. In the final carrying process, the code rate saving is also paid attention, for example, in H264/H265, not all data need to carry the stream header data, only the I frame header is recorded, and the P/B frame only carries the private information and the encryption information of the encoded data information, so that the pressure of the bandwidth can be further reduced.
The decoding end receives the video code stream data, separates the video data from the encrypted data, firstly decodes the video data to obtain an image E, and normally plays the image E.
And then, decrypting the encrypted data, and decoding the decrypted image data, wherein the decoding needs to pay attention to the code stream header when decoding the I frame of the video data so as to be convenient for the image decoding in the subsequent P frame. And secondly, because some coding areas are kicked during the previous coding and are recorded by the private coding table at the same time, the image in the area corresponding to the image E needs to be restored according to the private coding table after the image is decoded, and for the area 0 in the private coding table, the difference value required by the restoration of the previous frame of video image is directly used for restoring the current area. And restoring the original video image A without filtering processing through the area corresponding to the image E and the decoded difference image.
Corresponding to the method, an embodiment of an apparatus for protecting privacy of a feature area based on an original image is also provided herein, and the apparatus is applied to an encoding end device in a video monitoring system, and includes:
the characteristic detection module is used for carrying out characteristic detection on the acquired video image to obtain a characteristic area meeting the preset characteristic;
the fuzzy processing module is used for copying the characteristic area as a backup image and carrying out fuzzy processing on the characteristic area;
the difference value calculation module is used for carrying out difference value calculation on the feature region after the fuzzy processing and the backup image to obtain a difference value image;
the encoding module is used for carrying out picture encoding on the difference image, carrying out video encoding on the complete video image of the characteristic region after the fuzzy processing, and carrying the picture encoding data of the difference image in the video code stream after the video encoding so that the decoding end can decode to obtain the complete video image of the characteristic region after the fuzzy processing to realize privacy protection, and can recover the characteristic region according to the difference image obtained by decoding.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus for protecting privacy based on a feature area of an original image further includes:
the motion detection module is used for carrying out block segmentation on the characteristic area and detecting and recording motion information of each block;
the coding module carries out picture coding on the difference image and also executes the following operations:
and carrying out block segmentation on the difference image, carrying out picture coding, and removing the non-motion blocks after quantization according to the motion information of each block in the picture coding process.
In another embodiment, the apparatus for privacy protection based on feature areas of an original image further includes:
and the encryption module is used for encrypting the picture coding data of the difference image.
In another embodiment, the blurring module performs blurring on the feature region, and performs the following operations:
and dividing the characteristic region to obtain a plurality of divided units, carrying out mean value or median value statistics on each divided unit, and then carrying out total replacement on the divided units by using the value to obtain the characteristic region after fuzzy processing.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the difference image is subjected to picture coding, and the coded picture coding data includes a bitstream header, private information, and coding data information;
the coding module carries picture coding data of a difference image in a video code stream after video coding, and executes the following operations:
the I frame head of the video code stream carries the code stream head of the picture coding data, and the P/B frame carries the private information and the coding data information.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and those skilled in the art can make various corresponding changes and modifications according to the present invention without departing from the spirit and the essence of the present invention, but these corresponding changes and modifications should fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for protecting privacy of a characteristic region based on an original image is characterized by comprising the following steps:
carrying out feature detection on the collected video image to obtain a feature area meeting preset features;
copying the characteristic area as a backup image, and carrying out fuzzy processing on the characteristic area;
performing difference calculation on the feature region after the fuzzy processing and the backup image to obtain a difference image;
and carrying out picture coding on the difference image, carrying out video coding on the complete video image of the characteristic region after the fuzzy processing, and carrying the picture coding data of the difference image in the video code stream after the video coding, so that a decoding end can decode to obtain the complete video image of the characteristic region after the fuzzy processing to realize privacy protection, and the characteristic region can be recovered according to the difference image obtained by decoding.
2. The method for original image based feature area privacy protection as claimed in claim 1 further comprising:
carrying out block segmentation on the characteristic area, and detecting and recording motion information of each block;
the picture coding of the difference image further comprises:
and carrying out block segmentation on the difference image, carrying out picture coding, and removing the non-motion blocks after quantization according to the motion information of each block in the picture coding process.
3. The method for original image based feature area privacy protection as claimed in claim 1 further comprising:
and encrypting the picture coding data of the difference image.
4. The method for protecting privacy of feature areas based on original images as claimed in claim 1, wherein the blurring of the feature areas comprises:
and dividing the characteristic region to obtain a plurality of divided units, carrying out mean value or median value statistics on each divided unit, and then carrying out total replacement on the divided units by using the value to obtain the characteristic region after fuzzy processing.
5. The original image-based feature region privacy protection method according to claim 1, wherein the difference image is subjected to picture coding, and coded picture coding data comprise a code stream header, private information and coded data information;
the picture coding data carrying the difference image in the video code stream after video coding comprises:
the I frame head of the video code stream carries the code stream head of the picture coding data, and the P/B frame carries the private information and the coding data information.
6. An apparatus for original image-based feature area privacy protection, comprising:
the characteristic detection module is used for carrying out characteristic detection on the acquired video image to obtain a characteristic area meeting the preset characteristic;
the fuzzy processing module is used for copying the characteristic area as a backup image and carrying out fuzzy processing on the characteristic area;
the difference value calculation module is used for carrying out difference value calculation on the feature region after the fuzzy processing and the backup image to obtain a difference value image;
the encoding module is used for carrying out picture encoding on the difference image, carrying out video encoding on the complete video image of the characteristic region after the fuzzy processing, and carrying the picture encoding data of the difference image in the video code stream after the video encoding so that the decoding end can decode to obtain the complete video image of the characteristic region after the fuzzy processing to realize privacy protection, and can recover the characteristic region according to the difference image obtained by decoding.
7. The apparatus for original image based feature area privacy protection as claimed in claim 6 further comprising:
the motion detection module is used for carrying out block segmentation on the characteristic area and detecting and recording motion information of each block;
the coding module carries out picture coding on the difference image and also executes the following operations:
and carrying out block segmentation on the difference image, carrying out picture coding, and removing the non-motion blocks after quantization according to the motion information of each block in the picture coding process.
8. The apparatus for original image based feature area privacy protection as claimed in claim 6 further comprising:
and the encryption module is used for encrypting the picture coding data of the difference image.
9. The apparatus for privacy protection based on feature areas of original images according to claim 6, wherein the blur processing module performs blur processing on the feature areas and performs the following operations:
and dividing the characteristic region to obtain a plurality of divided units, carrying out mean value or median value statistics on each divided unit, and then carrying out total replacement on the divided units by using the value to obtain the characteristic region after fuzzy processing.
10. The original image-based feature region privacy protection device according to claim 6, wherein the difference image is subjected to picture coding, and coded picture coding data comprise a code stream header, private information and coded data information;
the coding module carries picture coding data of a difference image in a video code stream after video coding, and executes the following operations:
the I frame head of the video code stream carries the code stream head of the picture coding data, and the P/B frame carries the private information and the coding data information.
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| CN116847036A (en) * | 2023-09-01 | 2023-10-03 | 北京中星微人工智能芯片技术有限公司 | Image display method, apparatus, electronic device, and computer-readable medium |
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