CN112350527A

CN112350527A - Motor and household appliance with same

Info

Publication number: CN112350527A
Application number: CN201910724195.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙持平; 杨圣骞; 蒋海波; 王球保; 蒋云龙; 崔艳云
Original assignee: Johnson Electric International AG
Current assignee: Johnson Electric International AG; Johnson Electric Guangdong Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-08-07
Filing date: 2019-08-07
Publication date: 2021-02-09

Abstract

An electric machine comprising a stator and a rotor, the stator comprising a stator core and a stator winding wound on the stator core, the electric machine further comprising a controller, the controller comprising: a controllable bidirectional AC switch; a magnetic sensor for detecting a magnetic pole position of the rotor; the controllable bidirectional alternating current switch and the magnetic sensor are packaged in the packaging shell; the controllable bidirectional alternating current switch is connected with an alternating current power supply and the stator winding in series and is switched on or switched off according to the detection signal of the magnetic sensor and the polarity of the alternating current power supply. The controller setting of above-mentioned motor avoids the controller to receive stator winding's the influence of generating heat near the rotor, and magnetic sensor and controllable two-way ac switch all set up in the encapsulation casing, and the increase in volume of encapsulation casing facilitates for the great circuit assembly of change size. The invention also provides household electrical appliance comprising the motor.

Description

Motor and household appliance with same

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of motors, in particular to a controller of a motor.

Background

The traditional synchronous motor can be provided with no motor control circuit board, and an alternating current power supply directly supplies power to a stator winding of the motor, so that the stator generates an alternating magnetic field to drag a permanent magnet rotor to oscillate, if the rotor obtains enough kinetic energy, the oscillation amplitude of the rotor is continuously increased, and finally, the rotation of the rotor is rapidly accelerated to be synchronous with the alternating magnetic field of the stator. Due to the characteristics of alternating current and the unfixed stop position of the permanent magnet rotor, the rotor cannot be ensured to rotate directionally along the same direction when being started every time. In the prior art, a motor control circuit board is arranged to control the energization mode of a stator winding according to the position of a magnetic pole of a rotor, so that the directional rotation of the rotor is controlled. However, the existing motor control circuit board faces the stator winding in the forward direction and is too close to the stator winding, so that the motor control circuit board cannot be provided with a circuit component with a larger size or higher power due to the size limitation of the motor shell, and the normal work of the circuit component is easily influenced by the heating condition of the stator winding.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above circumstances, the present invention provides a motor and an electric apparatus having the motor, a controller of which is capable of mounting a circuit component of a larger size or more power, and the circuit component in the controller can be prevented from being affected by heat generation of a stator winding.

An electric machine comprising a stator and a rotor, the stator comprising a stator core and a stator winding wound on the stator core, the electric machine further comprising a controller, the controller comprising: a controllable bidirectional AC switch; a magnetic sensor for detecting a magnetic pole position of the rotor; the controllable bidirectional alternating current switch and the magnetic sensor are packaged in the packaging shell; the controllable bidirectional alternating current switch is connected with an alternating current power supply and the stator winding in series and is switched on or switched off according to the detection signal of the magnetic sensor and the polarity of the alternating current power supply.

Preferably, the controller extends from the packaging shell to form a plurality of pins connected with the motor and the alternating current power supply.

Furthermore, a winding frame is arranged on the stator magnetic core, the winding frame is sleeved on the stator magnetic core, the stator winding is wound on the winding frame, the part of the stator magnetic core, extending out of one side of the winding frame, is matched with the rotor, and the controller is installed on the winding frame.

Further, the controller further comprises a circuit board, the magnetic sensor and the controllable bidirectional alternating current switch are arranged on the circuit board, and the packaging shell covers the circuit board.

Furthermore, the circuit board and the winding frame are provided with mounting holes and positioning pieces which are matched with each other, and the positioning pieces are accommodated in the mounting holes.

Preferably, the heat conduction efficiency of the package case is greater than that of air.

Preferably, a voltage reducer connected in series with the magnetic sensor is further mounted on the circuit board to protect the magnetic sensor, and the voltage reducer is housed in the package housing.

Further, the voltage reducer and the magnetic sensor are connected in series to form a series branch, the series branch and the controllable bidirectional alternating current switch are connected in parallel to form a parallel branch, and the parallel branch is connected with the stator winding and the alternating current power supply in series.

Further, a thermosensitive element is arranged at one end, close to the stator winding, of the circuit board, and the thermosensitive element is used for providing power-off protection when the temperature of the stator winding is too high.

Furthermore, two conducting pins of the controllable bidirectional alternating current switch extend out of the packaging shell from the end face of the circuit board and are connected with the motor and the alternating current power supply.

Furthermore, a pin of the step-down transformer and a conducting pin of the controllable bidirectional alternating current switch extend out of the circuit board from the packaging shell to be connected with the motor and the alternating current power supply.

Preferably, the side edge of the circuit board protrudes outward to form a protruding portion, the protruding portion is close to the rotor, and the magnetic sensor is disposed on the circuit board at a position close to the protruding portion.

Preferably, an arc-shaped surface is formed on one side of the controller close to the rotor, the arc-shaped surface is matched with the outer shape of the rotor, and the magnetic sensor is installed on the circuit board close to the arc-shaped surface.

An electrical household appliance having a motor as described in any one of the preceding claims.

The controller of the motor provided by the invention is arranged near the rotor, the magnetic sensor and the controllable bidirectional alternating current switch are both arranged in the packaging shell, the size of the packaging shell is increased, and convenience is provided for replacing circuit components with larger sizes or larger power. The circuit assembly on the circuit board is accommodated in the packaging shell and is separated from the thermosensitive element and spaced from the stator winding, so that the influence of the heating of the stator winding on the circuit assembly is effectively reduced.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an electric device having a motor of the present invention in one embodiment.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a controller of the motor shown in fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is an exploded view of the controller shown in fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of circuit components in the controller shown in fig. 2.

FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of a motor control circuit in one embodiment.

Fig. 6 is a circuit diagram of a motor control circuit in another embodiment.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a controller in another embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a diagram of a controller with different pins in one embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a controller with different pins in another embodiment.

Fig. 10 is a schematic circuit diagram of a magnetic sensor according to the present invention.

Description of the main element symbols:

the specific implementation mode is as follows:

the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example one

Referring to fig. 1, the motor 10 is a single-phase synchronous motor, and includes a rotor 11 and a stator 12, and the stator 12 includes a stator core 121, a bobbin 122 and a stator winding 123. The bobbin 122 is made of an insulating material and is sleeved on the stator core 121. The stator winding 123 is wound on the bobbin 122. The portion of the stator core 121 above the bobbin 122 (i.e., the portion of the stator core 121 extending out of the bobbin 122) is two pole portions

1211, the rotor 11 is disposed between and engaged with two pole portions 1211, each of the pole portions 1211 has a concave pole arc surface 1212, and the outer surface of the rotor 11 is opposite to the pole arc surface 1212 with an air gap therebetween.

The motor 10 further includes a controller 20, and the controller 20 is detachably disposed on the bobbin 122 and adjacent to the rotor 11. With continued reference to fig. 2 to 4, the controller 20 includes a package housing 22 and a finished circuit board 21 packaged in the package housing 22, and the package housing 22 is disposed on a side of the stator winding 123 close to the rotor. The finished circuit board 21 includes a circuit board 210 and circuit components mounted on the circuit board 210. In the present embodiment, the package housing 22 is formed on the circuit board 210 by injection molding, and the material for manufacturing the package housing 22 covers the finished circuit board 21 during injection molding to protect the circuit board 210. In other embodiments, the package housing 22 is disposed on one side of the circuit board 210, and the circuit board 210 in the finished circuit board 21 may serve as a cover plate of the package housing 22 as part of the package housing 22. The circuit board 210 has a mounting hole 23, and the bobbin 122 has a positioning element 124 corresponding to the mounting hole 23. When the controller 20 is mounted on the motor 10, the positioning member 124 is received in the mounting hole 23, and the lower end of the finished circuit board 21 abuts against the edge of the bobbin 122, thereby implementing the mounting and positioning of the controller 20. The controller 20 also has a plurality of pins 24 extending from the enclosure 22 for connecting the motor 10 to an external power source. In this embodiment the controller 20 includes two pins 24. In other embodiments, two leads may extend from the package housing 22 to connect the motor 10 and an external power source.

The package housing 22 has a receiving cavity 25 formed therein for receiving the circuit components mounted on the circuit board 210. The circuit assembly includes a magnetic sensor 211 mounted on the circuit board 210 for detecting the magnetic pole position of the rotor 11. The magnetic sensor 211 and its electronic circuit are accommodated in the accommodating cavity 25 of the package housing 22, the pins 24 are formed by extending the magnetic sensor 211 from the package housing 22, and the pins 24 are soldered on the circuit board 210 and located at the side of the circuit board 210. The magnetic sensor 211 may be a conventional magnetic sensor capable of detecting a magnetic field and directly outputting a corresponding magnetic field detection signal, but is not limited thereto, and may also be, for example, a conventional magnetic sensor, which is integrated with other circuit functional modules and outputs other signals generated according to the magnetic field detection signal. In this embodiment, the circuit board 210 is mounted with a controllable bidirectional ac switch 212 connected in series with the stator winding 123 between an ac power source and controlled by the magnetic sensor 211, and the controllable bidirectional ac switch 212 is turned on or off according to a detection signal of the magnetic sensor 211 to energize the stator winding 123 in a predetermined manner, thereby controlling the directional rotation of the rotor 11. The magnetic sensor 211 and the controllable bidirectional ac switch 212 are electrically connected to the circuit board 210 and enclosed within the package housing 22.

The side of the circuit board 210 protrudes outward to form a protrusion 27, the magnetic sensor 211 is disposed on the circuit board 210 at a position close to the protrusion 27, when the controller 20 is installed on the motor 10, the protrusion 27 is close to the rotor 11, so that the magnetic sensor 211 is also close to the rotor 11, which facilitates the magnetic coupling between the magnetic sensor 211 and the permanent magnet in the rotor 11 to detect the magnetic pole position of the rotor 11.

The controller 20 is disposed near the rotor 11, and reasonably utilizes the space between the housing (not shown) and the rotor 11, so as to facilitate replacement of circuit components such as the controllable bidirectional ac switch 212 with larger size (or larger power), and meanwhile, the bobbin 122 and the packaging shell 22 are spaced between the circuit components such as the controllable bidirectional ac switch 212 and the stator winding 123, so as to effectively reduce the influence of the heat generated by the stator winding 123 on the circuit components such as the controllable bidirectional ac switch 212.

With continued reference to fig. 5, further, the finished circuit board 21 is further mounted with a voltage reducer 213 and a thermal element 6, the voltage reducer 213 is accommodated in the packaging shell 22, and the thermal element 6 is disposed at a position close to the stator winding 123 at the lower end of the finished circuit board 21. The voltage reducer 213 serves to reduce the voltage of the magnetic sensor 211, thereby protecting the magnetic sensor 211, and the heat sensitive element 6 can provide power-off protection when the temperature of the stator winding 123 is excessively high. In the present embodiment, the voltage reducer 213 is a voltage reducing resistor, and the thermistor 6 is a thermal fuse. The voltage reducer 213 is connected in series with the magnetic sensor 211 to form a series branch which is connected in parallel with the controllable bidirectional ac switch 212 to form a parallel branch which is connected in series with the stator winding 123 of the electric machine 10 and the ac power supply 50. The heat sensitive element 6 is connected in series between the stator winding 123 of the motor 10 and the ac power source 50.

Referring to fig. 6, in another embodiment, the thermistor 6 can also be connected in series between the motor 10 and the parallel branch, or between the ac power source 50 and the parallel branch. The present embodiment does not limit the position of the heat sensitive element 6, as long as the entire control circuit is turned off when the heat sensitive element 6 is turned off.

In a preferred embodiment, the package housing 22 is injection molded on the finished circuit board 21 by a material that is insulating and has a thermal conductivity higher than air, so as to avoid short circuit of the circuit components (i.e., the magnetic sensor 211, the controllable bidirectional ac switch 212, and the voltage reducer 213) in the controller 20, and to alleviate the heat generated by the circuit components during long-term operation. Preferably, the graphite carbon fiber is doped in the package housing 22, so that the package housing has good electromagnetic interference shielding capability, so as to improve the reliability and stability of the entire controller 20. During injection molding, the finished circuit board 21 with the circuit components mounted thereon is placed in a customized mold, then a liquid material is poured into the mold, and the product is taken out after the material is solidified and dried, so as to form the controller 20. The package housing 22 is a solid structure, and each circuit component of the controller 20 is enclosed in the package housing 22.

Example two

Referring to fig. 7, the motor of the second embodiment is substantially the same as the motor 10 of the first embodiment, except that the shape of the controller 30 of the second embodiment is slightly different from the shape of the controller 20 of the first embodiment. The controller 30 is formed with an arc surface 33 on a side close to the rotor 11, and the magnetic sensor 211 is disposed on the back surface of the finished circuit board 31 at a position close to the arc surface 33 and is accommodated in the package case 32. When the controller 30 is mounted to the motor 10, the arcuate surface 33 matches the profile of the rotor 11, bringing the magnetic sensor 211 as close as possible to the rotor 11, facilitating magnetic coupling of the magnetic sensor 211 with the permanent magnets in the rotor 11. The lower end of the finished circuit board 31 extends out of the packaging shell 32, and when the controller 30 is disposed on the bobbin 122, the lower end of the finished circuit board 31 abuts against the edge of the bobbin 122. The heat sensitive element 6 is also disposed at the lower end of the completed circuit board 31 to be close to the stator winding 123.

EXAMPLE III

The controller 20 of the third embodiment is substantially the same as the first embodiment except for the location of the pin 24. A pin P1 of the voltage reducer 213 and a first conducting pin P2 of the controllable bidirectional ac switch 212 are connected via traces on the finished circuit board 21. A second conduction pin P3 of the controllable bidirectional ac switch 212 is connected to the magnetic sensor 211 via a trace on the finished circuit board 21. In this embodiment, the two conducting pins P2, P3 of the controllable bidirectional ac switch 212 extend out of the package housing 22 from the end face of the finished circuit board 21 to form the two pins 24 of the controller 20 without additional electrical connecting components.

The part of the first conduction pin P2 extending out of the finished circuit board 21 is used for connecting the motor 10, and the part of the second conduction pin P3 extending out of the finished circuit board 21 is used for connecting the alternating current power supply 50, so that the parallel branch circuit is connected with the motor 10 and the alternating current power supply 50 in series, and the electric connection structure of the controller 20 is simplified.

Example four

The controller 20 of the fourth embodiment is substantially the same as the first embodiment except for the location of the pin 24. Referring to fig. 5 and 9, a pin P1 of the voltage reducer 213 and a first conducting pin P2 of the controllable bidirectional ac switch 212 are connected via traces on the finished circuit board 21. A second conduction pin P3 of the controllable bidirectional ac switch 212 is connected to the magnetic sensor 211 via a trace on the finished circuit board 21. In this embodiment, the pin P1 of the step-down transformer and the second conducting pin P3 of the controllable bidirectional ac switch 212 extend from the end face of the finished circuit board 21, forming two pins 24 of the controller 20 without additional electrical connection components.

The part of the pin P1 of the step-down transformer extending out of the finished circuit board 21 is used for connecting the motor 10, and the part of the second conduction pin P3 of the controllable bidirectional alternating current switch 212 extending out of the finished circuit board 21 is used for connecting the alternating current power supply 50, so that the parallel branch is connected with the motor 10 and the alternating current power supply 50 in series, and the electric connection structure of the controller 20 is simplified. Since the distance between the pin P1 of the step-down transformer and the second conductive pin P3 of the controllable bidirectional ac switch 212 is longer than the distance between the first conductive pin P2 of the controllable bidirectional ac switch 212 and the second conductive pin P3 of the controllable bidirectional ac switch 212, the pin 24 of the fourth embodiment can be arranged in a manner that reduces the short circuit phenomenon during the assembly process of the motor 10 compared with the pin 24 of the third embodiment.

The invention also discloses household appliances with the motor 10 of any one or any combination of the embodiments, which can be fans, pumps and other household appliances. The pump having the motor 10 of the present invention is particularly suitable as a drain pump for washing apparatuses such as dish washers, washing machines, and the like. It will be appreciated that the motor 10 may be applied to other products and is not limited to the embodiments described herein.

Referring to fig. 10, fig. 10 is a circuit diagram of a magnetic sensor 211 according to the present invention. The magnetic sensor 211 includes a rectifying unit 2110 that converts the ac power output from the ac power supply 50 into dc power; a voltage regulating circuit 2112, configured to convert the dc power output by the rectifying unit 2110 into a low-voltage dc power; a magnetic field detection circuit 2114 for detecting an external magnetic field and outputting magnetic field detection information accordingly; and an output control circuit 2116 for switching the magnetic sensor 211 between at least a first state in which a current flows from the output port to the outside and a second state in which a current flows from the outside to the output port, based on at least the magnetic field detection information.

It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the magnetic sensor integrated circuit switches between the first state and the second state, and is not limited to the case where the magnetic sensor integrated circuit switches to the other state immediately after one state is ended, but also includes the case where the magnetic sensor integrated circuit switches to the other state after a certain time interval after one state is ended. In a preferred embodiment, the output port of the magnetic sensor integrated circuit has no output during the interval between two state switches.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims

1. An electric machine comprising a stator and a rotor, the stator comprising a stator core and a stator winding wound on the stator core, the electric machine further comprising a controller, the controller comprising:

a controllable bidirectional AC switch;

a magnetic sensor for detecting a magnetic pole position of the rotor; and

the encapsulation shell is arranged on one side, close to the rotor, of the stator winding, and the controllable bidirectional alternating current switch and the magnetic sensor are encapsulated in the encapsulation shell;

the controllable bidirectional alternating current switch is connected with an alternating current power supply and the stator winding in series and is switched on or switched off according to the detection signal of the magnetic sensor and the polarity of the alternating current power supply.

2. The motor of claim 1, wherein the controller includes a plurality of pins extending from the housing for connection to the motor and to an ac power source.

3. The motor of claim 1, wherein a bobbin is disposed on the stator core, the bobbin is sleeved on the stator core, the stator winding is wound on the bobbin, a portion of the stator core extending out of one side of the bobbin is engaged with the rotor, and the controller is mounted on the bobbin.

4. The motor of claim 2, wherein the controller further comprises a circuit board, the magnetic sensor and the controllable bidirectional ac switch being disposed on the circuit board, the encapsulating housing encasing the circuit board.

5. The motor of claim 4, wherein the circuit board and the bobbin are provided with a mounting hole and a positioning member, which are matched with each other, and the positioning member is received in the mounting hole.

6. The electric machine of claim 1 wherein the thermal conductivity of the encapsulation housing is greater than the thermal conductivity of air.

7. The motor of claim 1, wherein a step-down transformer is further mounted on the circuit board in series with the magnetic sensor for protecting the magnetic sensor, the step-down transformer being housed in the package housing.

8. The motor of claim 1, wherein said voltage reducer is connected in series with said magnetic sensor to form a series branch, said series branch being connected in parallel with said controllable bidirectional ac switch to form a parallel branch, said parallel branch being connected in series with said stator winding and said ac power source.

9. The motor of claim 1 wherein said circuit board is provided with a heat sensitive element near one end of said stator windings, said heat sensitive element for providing power-off protection in the event of excessive temperature in said stator windings.

10. The motor of claim 2, wherein two conducting pins of the controllable bidirectional ac switch extend out of the package from the end face of the circuit board to connect the motor and the ac power source.

11. The motor of claim 10, wherein a pin of the voltage reducer and a conducting pin of the controllable bi-directional ac switch extend out of the circuit board out of the package housing to connect with the motor and the ac power source.

12. The motor according to claim 3, wherein a side of said circuit board is protruded outwardly to form a protrusion, said protrusion being adjacent to said rotor, said magnetic sensor being provided on said circuit board at a position adjacent to said protrusion.

13. The motor of claim 3, wherein a side of said controller adjacent to said rotor is formed with an arcuate surface matching an outer shape of said rotor, said magnetic sensor being mounted on said circuit board adjacent to said arcuate surface.

14. A household appliance, characterized in that it has a motor according to any one of claims 1 to 13.