CN112347676A - Method, device and system for rapidly calculating loss of motor stator winding - Google Patents
Method, device and system for rapidly calculating loss of motor stator winding Download PDFInfo
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- CN112347676A CN112347676A CN202011244201.8A CN202011244201A CN112347676A CN 112347676 A CN112347676 A CN 112347676A CN 202011244201 A CN202011244201 A CN 202011244201A CN 112347676 A CN112347676 A CN 112347676A
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- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
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- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
- G06F30/23—Design optimisation, verification or simulation using finite element methods [FEM] or finite difference methods [FDM]
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- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
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Abstract
The application belongs to the technical field of motors, and particularly relates to a method, a device and a system for rapidly calculating the loss of a motor stator winding. The method comprises the following steps: establishing a solid model of the motor, dividing a solving domain into a first solving domain formed by linear materials and a second solving domain formed by nonlinear materials, and performing finite element meshing; constructing magnetic field control equations of the first solution domain and the second solution domain; determining a circuit control equation according to a kirchhoff second law and an electromagnetic induction law; determining the magnetic field tangential component of a linear material region and a nonlinear material region, introducing the magnetic field tangential component into the magnetic field control equation and the circuit control equation as a Lagrange multiplier, and establishing a field-path coupling time-step finite element model; and iteratively solving the field path coupling time step finite element model by a Newton-Raphson method to obtain the eddy current loss and the circulating current loss of the stator winding. The method in the application has the advantages of higher running speed, great time saving and lower requirement on hardware configuration.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of motors, and particularly relates to a method, a device and a system for rapidly calculating the loss of a motor stator winding.
Background
The finite element algorithm for designing the motor comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of establishing a motor geometric model, establishing a mathematical equation, dividing grids, applying boundary conditions and loading data, solving an algorithm and performing post-processing. In a finite element algorithm of the current motor design calculation, eddy current loss of a stator winding is generally ignored and current in a slot is homogenized, when a geometric model is simple and fashionable, when the geometric model is more and more complex, skin effect and proximity effect of the stator winding are more and more serious due to magnetic leakage in the slot, and current of the stator winding is not uniform any more, so that the problems of circulation loss and eddy current loss are increasingly prominent, the proportion of the circulation loss and the eddy current loss in additional loss is more and more large, and at the moment, the loss of the winding needs to be considered in the motor design.
The current algorithm for calculating the circulating current and the eddy current loss of the stator winding is a modeling simulation in the whole solution domain containing air, stator strands, an iron core and ferromagnetic materials, so that a large amount of time is consumed in calculation, and expensive hardware configuration is required.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings and drawbacks of the prior art, the present application provides a method, apparatus, and system for fast calculation of stator winding loss of an electric machine.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme is as follows:
in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for quickly calculating a winding loss of a stator of an electric machine, where the method includes:
s10, establishing a physical model of the motor;
s20, dividing a solving domain of the motor stator winding loss into a first solving domain and a second solving domain; based on the solid model, carrying out finite element meshing on the first solving domain and the second solving domain, wherein the first solving domain is a linear material region in the stator slot, and the second solving domain is a nonlinear material region outside the stator slot;
s30, determining a first electromagnetic field equation of the first solution domain and a second electromagnetic field equation of the second solution domain, and taking the first electromagnetic field equation and the second electromagnetic field equation as magnetic field control equations;
s40, obtaining a stator winding voltage equation under the excitation of a supply power according to a kirchhoff second law, obtaining a strand voltage equation of each strand in the stator winding according to an electromagnetic induction law, and taking the stator winding voltage equation and the strand voltage equation as a circuit control equation;
s50, determining magnetic field tangential components of a linear material region and a nonlinear material region, introducing the magnetic field tangential components into the magnetic field control equation and the circuit control equation as Lagrange multipliers, and establishing a field-path coupling time-step finite element model; wherein the magnetic field tangential component is determined from Dirichlet boundary conditions of the first and second solution domains;
and S60, iteratively solving the field-circuit coupling time-step finite element model by a Newton-Raphson method to obtain the eddy current loss and the circulating current loss of the stator winding.
Optionally, the first solution domain comprises air between the stator strands and the strands within the stator slots.
Optionally, performing finite element meshing, including:
s21, carrying out coarse meshing on the solution domain of the solid model through meshing;
s22, removing the coarse grids in the first solution domain;
and S23, carrying out stator strand arrangement and fine grid division on the first solving domain.
Optionally, the method for determining the tangential component of the magnetic field comprises:
s31, converting the vector magnetic potential of the linear material area into the boundary vector magnetic potential of the linear material area, and expressing the conversion relation between the magnetic potential vector of the first solution domain and the boundary magnetic potential vector by using a linear domain relation equation, wherein the linear domain relation equation is as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the method comprises the steps of obtaining a linear material region boundary vector magnetic potential, obtaining a matrix for searching linear material region boundary points by G, and obtaining a linear material region vector magnetic potential by A';
s32, converting the magnetic potential vector of the nonlinear material area into the boundary vector magnetic potential of the nonlinear material area, and expressing the conversion relation between the vector magnetic potential of the second solution domain and the boundary vector magnetic potential by using a nonlinear domain relation equation, wherein the nonlinear domain relation equation is as follows:
wherein K is a matrix for searching the boundary points of the nonlinear material region,
the magnetic potential is the boundary vector magnetic potential of the nonlinear material area, and A is the vector magnetic potential of the nonlinear material area;
s33, determining a boundary Dirichlet boundary condition of the first solution domain and the second solution domain, wherein the boundary Dirichlet boundary condition satisfies the following equation:
wherein Q is an interpolation matrix;
s34, substituting the linear domain relation equation and the nonlinear domain relation equation into the equation in the step S33 to obtain the magnetic field tangential component of the linear material region and the nonlinear material region, wherein the magnetic field tangential component is expressed as:
QKA-GA′＝0。
optionally, the first electromagnetic field equation is:
wherein v is0The magneto-resistance ratio of the linear material region, A' is the vector magnetic potential of the linear material region, sigma is the electrical conductivity, u is the conductor voltage, and l is the effective strand conductor length in the first solution domain.
Optionally, the second electromagnetic field equation is:
wherein A is the vector magnetic potential of the nonlinear material region, v is the magnetic resistance rate of the nonlinear material region, and f is the load.
Optionally, the field-road coupling time-step finite element model is:
wherein S is a rigidity matrix of a nonlinear material region, S ' is a rigidity matrix of a linear material region, M ' is a quality matrix of the linear material region, lambda is a Lagrange multiplier, L is a circuit connection matrix, I is a unit matrix, Z is an external impedance matrix, and C 'JIs a current source matrix, C'EIs C'JF is the load matrix, usupplyTo supply the power matrix, a is the nonlinear material region node potential, a' is the linear material region node potential, u is the conductor voltage, and i is the conductor current.
Optionally, iteratively solving the field-path coupling time-step finite element model by using a newton-raphson method to obtain the eddy current loss and the circulating current loss of the stator winding, where the method includes:
s61, iteratively solving the field coupling time step finite element model through a Newton-Raphson method to obtain a non-linear material region vector magnetic potential A, a linear material region vector magnetic potential A' and a strand conductor current i;
and S62, calculating the eddy current loss and the circulating current loss of the stator winding according to the obtained values of the nonlinear material area vector magnetic potential A, the linear material area vector magnetic potential A' and the stranded wire conductor current i.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an apparatus for fast calculating a winding loss of a stator of an electric machine, where the apparatus includes:
the model establishing module is used for establishing a physical model of the motor;
the grid division module is used for dividing a solving domain of the motor stator winding loss into a first solving domain and a second solving domain; based on the solid model, carrying out finite element meshing on the first solving domain and the second solving domain, wherein the first solving domain is a linear material region in the stator slot, and the second solving domain is a nonlinear material region outside the stator slot;
a magnetic field control equation determination module for determining a first electromagnetic field equation of the first solution domain and a second electromagnetic field equation of the second solution domain, and taking the first electromagnetic field equation and the second electromagnetic field equation as magnetic field control equations;
the circuit control equation determining module is used for obtaining a stator winding voltage equation under the excitation of a supply power according to the kirchhoff second law, obtaining a strand voltage equation of each strand in the stator winding according to the electromagnetic induction law, and taking the stator winding voltage equation and the strand voltage equation as a circuit control equation;
the field circuit coupling model determining module is used for determining the magnetic field tangential component of a linear material region and a nonlinear material region, introducing the magnetic field tangential component into the magnetic field control equation and the circuit control equation as a Lagrange multiplier, and establishing a field circuit coupling time step finite element model; wherein the magnetic field tangential component is determined from Dirichlet boundary conditions of the first and second solution domains;
and the loss determining module is used for solving the field path coupling time step finite element model in an iteration mode through a Newton-Raphson method to obtain the eddy current loss and the circulating current loss of the stator winding.
In a third aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a motor design system, in which an eddy current loss and a circulating current loss of a stator winding are calculated and obtained by the above-mentioned fast calculation method for a stator winding loss of a motor based on an input power supply parameter.
(III) advantageous effects
The beneficial effect of this application is: the application provides a method and a device for rapidly calculating the loss of a motor stator winding, wherein the method comprises the following steps: establishing a solid model of the motor, dividing a solving domain into a first solving domain formed by linear materials and a second solving domain formed by nonlinear materials, and performing finite element meshing; constructing a magnetic field control equation of a first solution domain and a second solution domain; determining a circuit control equation according to a kirchhoff second law and an electromagnetic induction law; determining the magnetic field tangential components of the linear material region and the nonlinear material region, introducing the magnetic field tangential components into a magnetic field control equation and a circuit control equation as Lagrange multipliers, and establishing a field-path coupling time-step finite element model; and (4) iteratively solving the field coupling time step finite element model by a Newton-Raphson method to obtain the eddy current loss and the circulating current loss of the stator winding. The method in the application has the advantages of higher running speed, great time saving and lower requirement on hardware configuration.
Drawings
The application is described with the aid of the following figures:
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for rapidly calculating a loss of a stator winding of a motor according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a method for rapidly calculating the stator winding loss of a motor according to another embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a three-phase voltage source inverter (SPWM) applied to a motor in another embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is an exemplary diagram of a quarter model after coarse meshing of a motor model according to another embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of an element in a separation bin of a lattice culling algorithm in another embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of arrangement of the number of strands in the upper and lower layers of the coil according to an arrangement algorithm in another embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 7 is an exemplary diagram of a fine meshing process of the strands and stator slots in another embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 8 is an exemplary graph of the current levels in the stator slots in another embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an apparatus architecture according to yet another embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of better explaining the present invention and to facilitate understanding, the present invention will be described in detail by way of specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the following specific examples are illustrative of the invention only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. In addition, it should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other; for convenience of description, only portions related to the invention are shown in the drawings.
In order to overcome the defects that a finite element algorithm for calculating the stator winding in the prior art is long in time consumption and expensive in hardware, the application provides a method for quickly calculating the loss of the stator winding of the motor. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
Example one
Fig. 1 shows a flow chart of a method for rapidly calculating a loss of a stator winding of a motor according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in the figure, the method for rapidly calculating the stator winding loss of the motor in the embodiment includes:
s10, establishing a physical model of the motor;
s20, dividing a solving domain of the motor stator winding loss into a first solving domain and a second solving domain; based on a solid model, carrying out finite element mesh division on a first solution domain and a second solution domain, wherein the first solution domain is a linear material region in a stator slot, and the second solution domain is a nonlinear material region outside the stator slot;
s30, determining a first electromagnetic field equation of the first solution domain and a second electromagnetic field equation of the second solution domain, and taking the first electromagnetic field equation and the second electromagnetic field equation as magnetic field control equations;
s40, obtaining a stator winding voltage equation under the excitation of a power supply according to a kirchhoff second law, obtaining a strand voltage equation of each strand in the stator winding according to an electromagnetic induction law, and taking the stator winding voltage equation and the strand voltage equation as a circuit control equation;
s50, determining magnetic field tangential components of a linear material region and a nonlinear material region, introducing the magnetic field tangential components into a magnetic field control equation and a circuit control equation as Lagrange multipliers, and establishing a field-path coupling time-step finite element model; wherein the magnetic field tangential component is determined from Dirichlet boundary conditions of the first solution domain and the second solution domain;
and S60, iteratively solving the field coupling time step finite element model by a Newton-Raphson method to obtain the eddy current loss and the circulating current loss of the stator winding.
The method of the invention calculates the eddy current loss and the circulating current loss of the stator winding by dividing the solving domain into two parts, one part is a linear domain, and the other part is a nonlinear domain, thereby having faster running speed, greatly saving time and having lower requirement on hardware configuration in the simulation of the same level.
Example two
Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a method for rapidly calculating a stator winding loss of a motor according to another embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 2, the method includes:
step 1, establishing a geometric model of the motor according to the structure and the size of the motor, and performing coarse gridding treatment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a three-phase voltage source inverter applied to a motor according to another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 3, wherein the motor is a three-phase asynchronous motor, and the motor operates under a Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation (SPWM) excitation source, wherein V isab、Vbc、VcaThe three-phase voltage of the stator is respectively, each strand wire in the stator winding is used as a conductor, R1、R2、RiIs a conductor resistance; vdcIs the dc bus voltage.
The stator is used to generate a rotating magnetic field. The stator of a three-phase motor generally comprises a housing, a stator core, a stator winding and the like. The asynchronous motor stator core is a part of a motor magnetic circuit and is formed by laminating thin silicon steel sheets with the thickness of 0.35 mm-0.5 mm and the surfaces coated with insulating paint, and the inner circle of the core is provided with evenly distributed notches for embedding stator windings. The stator winding is a circuit part of a three-phase motor, and the three-phase motor is provided with a three-phase winding which generates a rotating magnetic field when three-phase symmetrical current is introduced. The three-phase winding is composed of three independent windings, and each winding is formed by connecting a plurality of coils. Each winding is a phase, and each winding is separated by 120 electrical degrees in space.
The embodiment provides a finite element algorithm with a voltage source SPWM for coupling a magnetic field and a circuit, so as to overcome the problem that the actual running state of a motor cannot be simulated in the prior art.
The more the node freedom of the mesh subdivision is theoretically, the higher the model precision is, so that the geometric model is roughly meshed through mesh division (the node freedom is less), and the rough mesh division can adopt a coverage method, a leading edge method, a conversion expansion method and a Delaunay triangle method. In this embodiment, a geometric model of the motor is established according to the geometric size and structure of the motor, and the stator winding is coarsely meshed by using a Delaunay triangle method to generate a triangle unit. Fig. 4 shows a motor model after coarse meshing, where fig. 4 is an exemplary diagram of a quarter model after coarse meshing is performed on the motor model in another embodiment of the present application.
And 2, grid division for dividing a linear domain and a nonlinear domain, and fine grid processing in the stator slot.
In this embodiment, the whole solution domain is divided into two solution domains, the linear domain includes air and stator strand composition, the nonlinear domain includes stator core, rotor core, and magnetic material composition, and the different mathematical models are established in each corresponding domain, in other words, each strand in the stator winding is used as a conductor to calculate the loss of a plurality of strand conductors.
FIG. 5 is an exemplary diagram of separating in-slot elements by a grid culling algorithm in another embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. 5, separating out in-slot grids of a stator by the grid culling algorithm; and then stator strand arrangement and fine grid division are carried out in the separated stator slots. Coil arrangement of the stator winding is performed by using a coil arrangement algorithm, as shown in fig. 6, fig. 6 is an exemplary diagram of arrangement of the arrangement algorithm to the number of strands of the upper layer and the lower layer of the coil in another embodiment of the present application. Fig. 7 is an exemplary illustration of a fine-meshing process of strands and stator slots in another embodiment of the present application, with increased nodal freedom after the fine-meshing process within the stator slots, as shown in fig. 7.
And obtaining a boundary pulse matrix of the linear domain according to the rigidity matrix and the quality matrix of the linear material region, the current source matrix and the transposed matrix thereof, the circuit connection matrix and the conductor resistance.
And 3, constructing a circuit control equation.
As shown in equation (1), the strand voltage equation is derived from the law of electromagnetic induction.
Where R is conductor resistance, i is conductor current, A is magnetic potential vector, and u is conductor voltage.
The stator winding voltage equation is determined according to kirchhoff's second law, as shown in equation (2).
∑u+Z·i＝usupply (2)
Wherein Z is the external impedance, usupplyIs the voltage of the external power supply.
And 4, determining the tangential components of the magnetic field of the linear material area and the nonlinear material area.
The boundary Dirichlet boundary condition of the linear domain and the nonlinear domain is obtained:
substituting (4) and (5) into (3) to obtain:
QKA＝GA′ (6)
wherein Q is a mapping matrix, K is a matrix for finding boundary points of the nonlinear domain, G is a matrix for finding boundary points of the linear domain,
is a non-linear domain boundary magnetic potential vector,
is a linear domain boundary magnetic potential vector.
Because the nodes at the boundary of the linear domain and the nonlinear domain are not connected, the nodes of the linear domain are mapped to the nodes of the nonlinear domain by a method of searching the minimum value of the spatial distance from the nodes of the linear domain to the nodes of the nonlinear domain, and therefore a Q matrix is formed.
And 5, establishing a magnetic field control equation.
And establishing a nonlinear domain Maxwell equation system as shown in the formula (7).
And establishing a linear domain Maxwell equation system as shown in the formula (8).
And 6, establishing a field-circuit coupling time-step finite element model.
The equation sets (6), (7) and (8) are discretized by using a Galerkin discretization method, and then (1), (2), (6), (7) and (8) are connected to obtain coupling equations of a linear domain and a nonlinear domain, as shown in an equation (9).
Wherein S is a rigidity matrix of a nonlinear material region, S ' is a rigidity matrix of a linear material region, M ' is a quality matrix of the linear material region, lambda is a Lagrange multiplier, L is a circuit connection matrix, I is a unit matrix, Z is an external impedance matrix, and C 'JIs a current source matrix, C'EIs C'JF is the load matrix, usupplyTo supply the power matrix, a is the nonlinear material region node potential, a' is the linear material region node potential, u is the conductor voltage, and i is the conductor current.
Wherein N isiIs a shape equation.
And 7, iteratively calculating a coupling nonlinear domain to obtain the strand distribution current as shown in figure 8.
And (3) simplifying a coupling equation shown in the formula (9) through a boundary pulse matrix, starting time step operation, applying Newton-Raphson iteration to solve a nonlinear solution, and updating the load capacity until the convergence condition is met when the convergence condition is not met after the calculation is finished. And obtaining a nonlinear domain node potential a, a linear domain node potential a', a conductor voltage u and a conductor current i.
And calculating the eddy current loss and the circulating current loss of the stranded wire according to the ohm's law and the Poynting's theorem and the formula (12) and the formula (13) on the basis of the vector magnetic potential A ' and the conductor current i of the linear material region.
Pw＝∫EJdt＝∫σJ2dt (12)
Ph＝∫Ridt (13)
Wherein, PwFor eddy current losses, PhFor the circulating current loss, E is the induced voltage response, and J is calculated by equation (14).
The method for rapidly calculating the loss of the motor stator winding, provided by the embodiment of the invention, constructs two layers of Lagrange coefficients of a linear domain, a nonlinear domain, an internal magnetic vector and an external power supply, solves the solution of the linear domain in advance, then solves the solution of the nonlinear domain, uses a weighted time step method to solve the nonlinearity, and has more accurate calculation precision than the traditional finite element method and 2-3 orders of magnitude difference; the calculation speed is greatly improved, compared with Ansys Maxwell simulation, the time for the two parallel wound strand models is 30 minutes, and the time for the calculation of the method provided by the embodiment is 1 minute and 30 seconds.
The method for rapidly calculating the loss of the motor stator winding is implemented by taking a model of the stator winding of the three-phase asynchronous motor as an example, but the method is not limited to the stator winding of the three-phase asynchronous motor, is suitable for calculating the loss of the synchronous motor winding, and has wide applicability.
The embodiment of the invention simulates the motor running state under the SPWM excitation source, and the actual high-speed motor is usually provided with a frequency converter, so that the method is more close to the running condition of the actual high-speed motor.
It should be noted that other excitation sources, such as sinusoidal excitation sources, may be used in the method of the present invention.
EXAMPLE III
The second aspect of the application provides a device for rapidly calculating the loss of a motor stator winding. Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a fast calculation device for the stator winding loss of the motor according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in the figure, the fast calculation apparatus 100 for the winding loss of the motor stator in the embodiment may include:
the model establishing module 101 is used for establishing a physical model of the motor;
the grid division module 102 is used for dividing a solving domain of the motor stator winding loss into a first solving domain and a second solving domain; based on a solid model, carrying out finite element mesh division on a first solution domain and a second solution domain, wherein the first solution domain is a linear material region in a stator slot, and the second solution domain is a nonlinear material region outside the stator slot;
a magnetic field control equation determining module 103, configured to determine a first electromagnetic field equation of a first solution domain and a second electromagnetic field equation of a second solution domain, and use the first electromagnetic field equation and the second electromagnetic field equation as magnetic field control equations;
the circuit control equation determining module 104 is used for obtaining a stator winding voltage equation under the excitation of a supply power according to kirchhoff's second law, obtaining a strand voltage equation of each strand in the stator winding according to the electromagnetic induction law, and taking the stator winding voltage equation and the strand voltage equation as a circuit control equation;
the field circuit coupling model determining module 105 is used for determining the magnetic field tangential component of the linear material region and the nonlinear material region, introducing the magnetic field tangential component into a magnetic field control equation and a circuit control equation as a Lagrange multiplier, and establishing a field circuit coupling time step finite element model; wherein the magnetic field tangential component is determined from Dirichlet boundary conditions of the first solution domain and the second solution domain;
and the loss determining module 106 is used for solving the field coupling time step finite element model in an iteration mode through a Newton-Raphson method to obtain the eddy current loss and the circulating current loss of the stator winding.
The device for rapidly calculating the loss of the motor stator winding can execute the method for rapidly calculating the loss of the motor stator winding provided by the embodiment of the application, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects of the execution method. As for the processing methods executed by the functional modules, for example, the model establishing module 101, the mesh dividing module 102, the magnetic field control equation determining module 103, the circuit control equation determining module 104, the field coupling model determining module 105, and the loss determining module 106, refer to the description in the above method embodiments, and are not repeated here.
The model building module 101, the meshing module 102, the magnetic field control equation determination module 103, the circuit control equation determination module 104, the field coupling model determination module 105, and the loss determination module 106 described above may be generally provided in a terminal device or a server running motor design software.
A computer system used to implement a terminal device or a server of the embodiments of the present application may include a Central Processing Unit (CPU) that can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to a program stored in a Read Only Memory (ROM) or a program loaded from a storage section into a Random Access Memory (RAM). In the RAM, various programs and data necessary for system operation are also stored. The CPU, ROM, and RAM are connected to each other via a bus. An input/output (I/O) interface is also connected to the bus.
The following components are connected to the I/O interface: an input section including a keyboard, a mouse, and the like; an output section including a display such as a Cathode Ray Tube (CRT), a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD), and the like, and a speaker; a storage section including a hard disk and the like; and a communication section including a network interface card such as a LAN card, a modem, or the like. The communication section performs communication processing via a network such as the internet. The drive is also connected to the I/O interface as needed. A removable medium such as a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, a semiconductor memory, or the like is mounted on the drive as necessary, so that a computer program read out therefrom is mounted into the storage section as necessary.
Example four
In a third aspect of the present application, a motor design system is provided, in which a predetermined eddy current loss and circulating current loss of a stator winding are calculated based on an input power supply parameter by the above-mentioned method for rapidly calculating a stator winding loss of a motor.
In this embodiment, the power parameter is a voltage of the power supply.
The industrial software is an important tool possessed by engineers, and the working efficiency of the designers can be greatly improved by applying the method of the embodiment to the design of the motor.
It should be noted that in the claims, any reference signs placed between parentheses shall not be construed as limiting the claim. The word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of elements or steps not listed in a claim. The word "a" or "an" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements. The invention may be implemented by means of hardware comprising several distinct elements, and by means of a suitably programmed computer.
Furthermore, it should be noted that in the description of the present specification, the description of the term "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples" or "some examples", etc., means that a specific feature, structure, material or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, the claims should be construed to include preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention should also include such modifications and variations.
Claims (10)
1. A method for rapidly calculating the loss of a motor stator winding is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s10, establishing a physical model of the motor;
s20, dividing a solving domain of the motor stator winding loss into a first solving domain and a second solving domain; based on the solid model, carrying out finite element meshing on the first solving domain and the second solving domain, wherein the first solving domain is a linear material region in the stator slot, and the second solving domain is a nonlinear material region outside the stator slot;
s30, determining a first electromagnetic field equation of the first solution domain and a second electromagnetic field equation of the second solution domain, and taking the first electromagnetic field equation and the second electromagnetic field equation as magnetic field control equations;
s40, obtaining a stator winding voltage equation under the excitation of a supply power according to a kirchhoff second law, obtaining a strand voltage equation of each strand in the stator winding according to an electromagnetic induction law, and taking the stator winding voltage equation and the strand voltage equation as a circuit control equation;
s50, determining magnetic field tangential components of a linear material region and a nonlinear material region, introducing the magnetic field tangential components into the magnetic field control equation and the circuit control equation as Lagrange multipliers, and establishing a field-path coupling time-step finite element model; wherein the magnetic field tangential component is determined from Dirichlet boundary conditions of the first and second solution domains;
and S60, iteratively solving the field-circuit coupling time-step finite element model by a Newton-Raphson method to obtain the eddy current loss and the circulating current loss of the stator winding.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first solution domain includes air between stator strands and in-slot strands of the stator.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein performing finite element meshing comprises:
s21, carrying out coarse meshing on the solution domain of the solid model through meshing;
s22, removing the coarse grids in the first solution domain;
and S23, carrying out stator strand arrangement and fine grid division on the first solving domain.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the method of determining the tangential component of the magnetic field comprises:
s31, converting the vector magnetic potential of the linear material area into the boundary vector magnetic potential of the linear material area, and expressing the conversion relation between the magnetic potential vector of the first solution domain and the boundary magnetic potential vector by using a linear domain relation equation, wherein the linear domain relation equation is as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the method comprises the steps of obtaining a linear material region boundary vector magnetic potential, obtaining a matrix for searching linear material region boundary points by G, and obtaining a linear material region vector magnetic potential by A';
s32, converting the magnetic potential vector of the nonlinear material area into the boundary vector magnetic potential of the nonlinear material area, and expressing the conversion relation between the vector magnetic potential of the second solution domain and the boundary vector magnetic potential by using a nonlinear domain relation equation, wherein the nonlinear domain relation equation is as follows:
wherein K is a matrix for searching the boundary points of the nonlinear material region,
the magnetic potential is the boundary vector magnetic potential of the nonlinear material area, and A is the vector magnetic potential of the nonlinear material area;
s33, determining a boundary Dirichlet boundary condition of the first solution domain and the second solution domain, wherein the boundary Dirichlet boundary condition satisfies the following equation:
wherein Q is an interpolation matrix;
s34, substituting the linear domain relation equation and the nonlinear domain relation equation into the equation in the step S33 to obtain the magnetic field tangential component of the linear material region and the nonlinear material region, wherein the magnetic field tangential component is expressed as:
QKA-GA′＝0。
5. the method for rapidly calculating the winding loss of the stator of the motor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the first electromagnetic field equation is as follows:
wherein, v0The magneto-resistance ratio of the linear material region, A' is the vector magnetic potential of the linear material region, sigma is the electrical conductivity, u is the conductor voltage, and l is the effective strand conductor length in the first solution domain.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the second electromagnetic field equation is:
wherein A is the vector magnetic potential of the nonlinear material region, v is the magnetic resistance rate of the nonlinear material region, and f is the load.
7. The method for rapidly calculating the loss of the motor stator winding according to claim 6, wherein the field-circuit coupling time-step finite element model is as follows:
wherein S is a rigidity matrix of a nonlinear material region, S ' is a rigidity matrix of a linear material region, M ' is a quality matrix of the linear material region, lambda is a Lagrange multiplier, L is a circuit connection matrix, I is a unit matrix, Z is an external impedance matrix, and C 'JIs a current source matrix, C'EIs C'JF is the load matrix, usupplyTo supply the power matrix, a is the nonlinear material region node potential, a' is the linear material region node potential, u is the conductor voltage, and i is the conductor current.
8. The method for rapidly calculating the loss of the stator winding of the motor according to claim 7, wherein the step finite element model of the field-path coupling is solved iteratively by a Newton-Raphson method to obtain the eddy current loss and the circulating current loss of the stator winding, and the method comprises the following steps:
s61, iteratively solving the field coupling time step finite element model through a Newton-Raphson method to obtain a non-linear material region vector magnetic potential A, a linear material region vector magnetic potential A' and a strand conductor current i;
and S62, calculating the eddy current loss and the circulating current loss of the stator winding according to the obtained values of the nonlinear material area vector magnetic potential A, the linear material area vector magnetic potential A' and the stranded wire conductor current i.
9. A device for rapidly calculating the winding loss of a stator of an electric machine, the device comprising:
the model establishing module is used for establishing a physical model of the motor;
the grid division module is used for dividing a solving domain of the motor stator winding loss into a first solving domain and a second solving domain; based on the solid model, carrying out finite element meshing on the first solving domain and the second solving domain, wherein the first solving domain is a linear material region in the stator slot, and the second solving domain is a nonlinear material region outside the stator slot;
a magnetic field control equation determination module for determining a first electromagnetic field equation of the first solution domain and a second electromagnetic field equation of the second solution domain, and taking the first electromagnetic field equation and the second electromagnetic field equation as magnetic field control equations;
the circuit control equation determining module is used for obtaining a stator winding voltage equation under the excitation of a supply power according to the kirchhoff second law, obtaining a strand voltage equation of each strand in the stator winding according to the electromagnetic induction law, and taking the stator winding voltage equation and the strand voltage equation as a circuit control equation;
the field circuit coupling model determining module is used for determining the magnetic field tangential component of a linear material region and a nonlinear material region, introducing the magnetic field tangential component into the magnetic field control equation and the circuit control equation as a Lagrange multiplier, and establishing a field circuit coupling time step finite element model; wherein the magnetic field tangential component is determined from Dirichlet boundary conditions of the first and second solution domains;
and the loss determining module is used for solving the field path coupling time step finite element model in an iteration mode through a Newton-Raphson method to obtain the eddy current loss and the circulating current loss of the stator winding.
10. A motor design system, characterized in that in the system, based on the input supply power parameters, the eddy current loss and the circulating current loss of the stator winding are calculated by the method for rapidly calculating the stator winding loss of the motor according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
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