CN112347642B - Method and system for selecting sample data set in GIS circuit breaker contact temperature calculation - Google Patents
Method and system for selecting sample data set in GIS circuit breaker contact temperature calculation Download PDFInfo
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- CN112347642B CN112347642B CN202011227984.9A CN202011227984A CN112347642B CN 112347642 B CN112347642 B CN 112347642B CN 202011227984 A CN202011227984 A CN 202011227984A CN 112347642 B CN112347642 B CN 112347642B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
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- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- G06F2119/02—Reliability analysis or reliability optimisation; Failure analysis, e.g. worst case scenario performance, failure mode and effects analysis [FMEA]
Abstract
The invention provides a method for selecting a sample data set in GIS breaker contact temperature calculation, which comprises the following steps: s1: before nonlinear fitting is carried out on the GIS breaker contact temperature, sample data set acquisition is carried out by adopting a method of taking points every two units on an X axis, a method of taking points every two units when an included angle of the X axis and the X axis is 45 degrees, a method of taking points at the intersection of a Y axis and an isotherm and a method of taking points randomly in different areas; s2: and selecting an optimal data set for subsequent calculation by using the data acquired in the step S1 through optimization preprocessing. According to the method, different data acquisition modes are considered, and compared with the existing data selection mode for calculating the GIS contact temperature, the data division of the method tends to be more reasonable, the system error is reduced more favorably, the calculation precision of the contact temperature can be improved, and the operation reliability of the power transmission line is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of GIS substations, in particular to a method and a system for selecting a sample data set in GIS breaker contact temperature calculation.
Background
With the rapid development of the electric power industry in China and the continuous increase of the demand, a metal enclosed switch (GIS) is widely applied to an electric power system. The GIS equipment has strict processing technology and advanced technology, and the insulating medium is SF 6. The gas has good breaking capacity, slight contact burn, long maintenance period, low failure rate, low maintenance cost, small occupied area and the like. Due to the outstanding advantages of the GIS equipment, the GIS equipment is increasingly used in substations. When the contact of the GIS equipment is poor in contact, due to the fact that contact resistance is increased, overheating can occur when load current flows. The contact and the bus are overheated to cause insulation aging and even breakdown, thereby causing short circuit, forming major accidents and causing huge economic loss. According to incomplete statistics, GIS equipment adopted by numerous power generation companies and power companies in China has the phenomenon that accidents are caused by abnormal temperature changes caused by insulation aging or poor contact of parts such as an over-closed bus, an isolating switch, a cable head and the like in different degrees. Therefore, online temperature monitoring of GIS equipment is realized, heat fault hidden dangers are found and eliminated in advance, and the method has very important significance for safe and reliable operation of the GIS.
At present, there are three main measures applied in the field for preventing the contact of the GIS equipment from overheating: the method comprises the steps of manually observing the surface color of the contact, periodically measuring the resistance of a loop and periodically monitoring the temperature of a fixed monitoring point by using an infrared imager.
The Chinese patent with the publication number of CN107436400A, the publication number of 2017, 12 and 05, discloses a method and a device for detecting overheating faults of a GIS contact, relates to the technical field of high-voltage tests, and can realize the judgment of the overheating faults of the GIS contact under the condition of electrification. The method comprises the following steps: establishing a GIS three-dimensional model and determining coordinates of each point in the GIS three-dimensional model; acquiring temperature values of all points in a target area of the GIS three-dimensional model, and corresponding the temperature values of all points in the target area to coordinates of all points in the GIS three-dimensional model, wherein the target area is a to-be-detected area of a GIS shell; determining the hot spot according to the temperature value of each point in the target area and the coordinate value of each point; and judging whether the hot spot is a GIS contact overheating fault or not.
In the non-linear fitting, the training set and the test set have the same distribution, i.e. they are identically distributed. This is more advantageous for practical applications. In linear regression, the desired model function is f (x) ═ WX + b, and in the training process of the model, a better parameter W, b needs to be trainedThe optimization of the model is performed by iteratively optimizing the loss function J (W, b). In general, linear regression is usually expressed by a sum of squares error, for example:
the above two functions in fact involve two processes: 1. and (6) a prediction process. It is true that the fixed parameters W, b give us a prediction by obtaining the model given the input x
Then f (x) here is indeed a function of x. 2. And (5) optimizing the process. What needs to be optimized here is min mizew, b J (W, b), which requires training data, no matter how many training data there are, and x in the loss function can be identified when the training data is determined(i)，y(i)That is, they are considered to be constants, then J is a function of W, b. That is to say the distribution of the training data here is in fact equivalent to the parameters of the loss function. First, the function J is not the same when the parameters are not the same. If the distribution of the training set is different from the distribution of the real data, even if the loss function is optimized to a minimum value on the training machine, the loss value on the real data may still be large, i.e. the error is large, and the prediction function cannot be performed. The loss function to be optimized on the training set may be J (W) ═ W-32。
First, the bias parameter b is ignored. Removing the bias does not affect the optimal nature of the function. Second, due to the training data distribution determination, the simplest to embody the input and output inside as a constant, and take the minimum at W ═ 3. This is a loss function with more parameters. The parameter W may iterate to a value of approximately 3. It may be that the distribution of the applied sample data set is different from that of the trained sample data set, i.e. their loss function is in fact different, assuming that its loss function is j (W) ═ (W-10)2. This difference is large. Then, from the loss function of the real data,its optimal parameter should be W-10. That is, if we want to predict x 2, the real data may be closer to 10 × 2 20. But the prediction of data trained with training data is 3 x 2-6. In reality there may not be a poor, too large training set and real data.
The above explains why the sample data set is chosen carefully from the point of view of the loss function, because different distributions of the sample data set result in different optimized loss functions and loss functions of the real data, that is, may result in the optimization direction itself being wrong. To some extent, the model structure is designed to be perfect, and a proper loss function is selected to be perfect, but the training number is prepared carefully, so that the method is the most effective and possibly the most possible way to greatly remind the accuracy of the model.
The most critical to training the sample is correctness and accuracy. The selected samples are first of all able to correctly reflect the intrinsic laws of the system process. Some of the sample data obtained from the production site may be bad samples, for example, the measurement data error is large due to the measurement, and such samples may interfere with the non-linear fitting. Normally, bad samples are only individual phenomena, so it is desirable to resist the negative effects of bad samples by as large a sample size as possible. The second is the equalization of the sample data distribution. The selected samples preferably relate to various conditions that may occur in the system process. This makes it possible to take great care of the regular characteristics of the system in each case. It is often not well understood by the experimenter that the intrinsic laws of the system are such that it is desirable to blanket the aspects of the subject system with as large a sample size as possible. Again, the size of the sample data, i.e. the question to ask. The scale of the sample data determines the accuracy of the non-linear fit result, while ensuring that the sample data quality and distribution are balanced. The larger the sample data amount, the higher the accuracy. Since the sample size directly affects the operation time of the computer, excessive sample data is not required when the accuracy meets the requirement. For enough iterations, the accuracy of the training result is consistent, and the method only influences the convergence rate (operation time) of calculation and has no direct relation with the sample size.
At present, the research on the selection aspect of a sample data set in the GIS breaker contact temperature calculation is less.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for selecting a sample data set in GIS breaker contact temperature calculation, which solves the problem that the existing data set cannot well reflect the real condition of the breaker contact temperature.
The invention further aims to provide a system for selecting the sample data set in the GIS breaker contact temperature calculation.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a method for selecting a sample data set in GIS breaker contact temperature calculation comprises the following steps:
s1: before nonlinear fitting is carried out on the GIS breaker contact temperature, sample data set acquisition is carried out by adopting a method of taking points every two units on an X axis, a method of taking points every two units when an included angle of the X axis and the X axis is 45 degrees, a method of taking points at the intersection of a Y axis and an isotherm and a method of taking points randomly in different areas;
s2: and selecting an optimal data set for subsequent calculation by using the data acquired in the step S1 through optimization preprocessing.
Preferably, said two units are in particular 2 centimeters.
Preferably, the method for taking points every two units by using the X axis specifically includes the following steps:
determining a GIS breaker shell temperature selection surface;
establishing a coordinate axis by taking the geometric center of the GIS breaker shell as a coordinate origin;
data are collected every two units along the X-axis direction of the coordinate axis, and the X-axis direction is parallel to the transverse direction of the circuit breaker.
Preferably, the method for taking points every two units when the included angle of the method and the X axis is 45 degrees specifically comprises the following steps:
determining a GIS breaker shell temperature selection surface;
establishing a coordinate axis by taking the geometric center of the GIS breaker shell as a coordinate origin;
and acquiring data every two units when the included angle of the X-axis of the coordinate axis is 45 degrees, wherein the X-axis direction is parallel to the transverse direction of the breaker.
Preferably, the point taking method for the intersection of the Y axis and the isotherm specifically comprises the following steps:
determining a GIS breaker shell temperature selection surface;
establishing a coordinate axis by taking the geometric center of the GIS breaker shell as a coordinate origin;
data are collected every two units at the intersection of the Y axis of the coordinate axis and the isothermal line, and the Y axis direction is perpendicular to the transverse direction of the circuit breaker.
Preferably, the random point-taking method for different areas specifically includes the following steps:
determining a GIS breaker shell temperature selection surface;
establishing a coordinate axis by taking the geometric center of the GIS breaker shell as a coordinate origin;
randomly selecting collected data in different areas according to coordinate axes, wherein the X-axis direction of the coordinate axes is parallel to the transverse direction of the circuit breaker, and the Y-axis direction of the coordinate axes is perpendicular to the transverse direction of the circuit breaker.
Preferably, the determining of the GIS breaker contact shell temperature selecting surface specifically comprises:
and the top view of the GIS breaker when transversely placed is used as a selection surface of the shell temperature.
Preferably, the geometric center of the GIS breaker shell is the geometric center of the top view of the temperature of the breaker shell.
A system for selecting a sample data set in GIS breaker contact temperature calculation comprises:
the data acquisition module acquires a sample data set by adopting a method of taking points every two units on an X axis, a method of taking points every two units when an included angle of the X axis is 45 degrees, a method of taking points at the intersection of a Y axis and an isotherm and a method of taking points randomly in different areas before nonlinear fitting is carried out on the contact temperature of the GIS breaker;
and the selection module selects the optimal sample data set for subsequent calculation through optimization pretreatment.
Preferably, said two units are in particular 2 centimeters.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the method, different data acquisition modes are considered, and compared with the existing data selection mode for calculating the GIS contact temperature, the data division of the method tends to be more reasonable, the system error is reduced more favorably, the calculation precision of the contact temperature can be improved, and the operation reliability of the power transmission line is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a top view of the circuit breaker housing temperature.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the establishment of coordinate axes for a circuit breaker housing.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the dot method for every two units on the X-axis.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of dot extraction by dot method every two units when the angle is 45 degrees with the X-axis.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of point-taking method at the intersection of the Y-axis and the isotherm.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of random dot-picking in different regions.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the system module connection of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the patent;
for the purpose of better illustrating the embodiments, certain features of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product;
it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a method for selecting a sample data set in GIS breaker contact temperature calculation, as shown in FIG. 1, comprising the following steps:
s1: before nonlinear fitting is carried out on the GIS breaker contact temperature, sample data set acquisition is carried out by adopting a method of taking points every two units on an X axis, a method of taking points every two units when an included angle of the X axis and the X axis is 45 degrees, a method of taking points at the intersection of a Y axis and an isotherm and a method of taking points randomly in different areas;
s2: and selecting an optimal data set for subsequent calculation by using the data acquired in the step S1 through optimization preprocessing.
The two units are in particular 2 cm.
The method for taking points every two units by adopting the X axis specifically comprises the following steps:
determining a GIS breaker shell temperature selection surface as shown in figure 2;
establishing a coordinate axis by taking the geometric center of the GIS breaker shell as a coordinate origin, as shown in figure 3;
data are collected every two units along the X-axis direction of the coordinate axis, which is parallel to the breaker lateral direction, as shown in fig. 4.
The method for taking points every two units when the included angle of the method and the X axis is 45 degrees specifically comprises the following steps:
determining a GIS breaker shell temperature selection surface;
establishing a coordinate axis by taking the geometric center of the GIS breaker shell as a coordinate origin;
data are collected every two units when the included angle of the X-axis of the coordinate axis is 45 degrees, and the X-axis direction is parallel to the transverse direction of the circuit breaker as shown in figure 5.
The point taking method for the intersection of the Y axis and the isotherm specifically comprises the following steps:
determining a GIS breaker shell temperature selection surface;
establishing a coordinate axis by taking the geometric center of the GIS breaker shell as a coordinate origin;
data are collected every two units at the intersection of the Y axis of the coordinate axes and the isotherm, and the Y axis direction is perpendicular to the transverse direction of the circuit breaker as shown in FIG. 6.
The random point-taking method for different areas specifically comprises the following steps:
determining a GIS breaker shell temperature selection surface;
establishing a coordinate axis by taking the geometric center of the GIS breaker shell as a coordinate origin;
randomly selecting collected data in different areas according to coordinate axes, as shown in fig. 7, wherein the X-axis direction of the coordinate axes is parallel to the transverse direction of the circuit breaker, and the Y-axis direction of the coordinate axes is perpendicular to the transverse direction of the circuit breaker.
Confirm that GIS circuit breaker contact shell temperature selects the face, specifically do:
and the top view of the GIS breaker when transversely placed is used as a selection surface of the shell temperature.
The GIS breaker shell body geometric center is the geometric center of the breaker shell temperature top view.
The data acquired by the four modes can be subjected to optimization preprocessing to select an optimal data set for subsequent calculation. The embodiment provides a basis for further researching the data set rationality of the calculated contact temperature, and then provides a data basis for obtaining more accurate results in nonlinear fitting.
Example 2
This embodiment provides a system of selecting of sample data set in GIS circuit breaker contact temperature calculation, as figure 8, includes:
the data acquisition module acquires a sample data set by adopting a method of taking points every two units on an X axis, a method of taking points every two units when an included angle of the X axis is 45 degrees, a method of taking points at the intersection of a Y axis and an isotherm and a method of taking points randomly in different areas before nonlinear fitting is carried out on the contact temperature of the GIS breaker;
and the selection module selects the optimal sample data set for subsequent calculation through optimization pretreatment.
The two units are in particular 2 cm.
The same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar parts;
the terms describing positional relationships in the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the patent;
it should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for selecting a sample data set in GIS breaker contact temperature calculation is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: before nonlinear fitting is carried out on the GIS breaker contact temperature, sample data set acquisition is carried out by adopting a method of taking points every two units on an X axis, a method of taking points every two units when an included angle of the X axis and the X axis is 45 degrees, a method of taking points at the intersection of a Y axis and an isotherm and a method of taking points randomly in different areas;
s2: selecting an optimal data set for subsequent calculation from the data obtained in the step S1 through optimization pretreatment;
the method for taking points every two units by adopting the X axis specifically comprises the following steps:
determining a GIS breaker shell temperature selection surface;
establishing a coordinate axis by taking the geometric center of the GIS breaker shell as a coordinate origin;
collecting data every two units along the X-axis direction of a coordinate axis, wherein the X-axis direction is parallel to the transverse direction of the circuit breaker;
the method for taking points every two units when the included angle of the method and the X axis is 45 degrees specifically comprises the following steps:
determining a GIS breaker shell temperature selection surface;
establishing a coordinate axis by taking the geometric center of the GIS breaker shell as a coordinate origin;
acquiring data every two units when the included angle of the X-axis of the coordinate axis is 45 degrees, wherein the X-axis direction is parallel to the transverse direction of the breaker;
the point taking method for the intersection of the Y axis and the isotherm specifically comprises the following steps:
determining a GIS breaker shell temperature selection surface;
establishing a coordinate axis by taking the geometric center of the GIS breaker shell as a coordinate origin;
acquiring data every two units at the intersection of the Y axis of the coordinate axis and the isotherm, wherein the Y axis direction is vertical to the transverse direction of the circuit breaker;
the random point-taking method for different areas specifically comprises the following steps:
determining a GIS breaker shell temperature selection surface;
establishing a coordinate axis by taking the geometric center of the GIS breaker shell as a coordinate origin;
randomly selecting collected data in different areas according to coordinate axes, wherein the X-axis direction of the coordinate axes is parallel to the transverse direction of the circuit breaker, and the Y-axis direction of the coordinate axes is perpendicular to the transverse direction of the circuit breaker.
2. The method for selecting the sample data set in the GIS breaker contact temperature calculation according to claim 1, wherein the two units are specifically 2 cm.
3. The method for selecting the sample data set in the GIS breaker contact temperature calculation according to claim 1, wherein the step of determining the GIS breaker shell temperature selection surface specifically comprises the following steps:
and the top view of the GIS breaker when transversely placed is used as a selection surface of the shell temperature.
4. The method for selecting the sample data set in the GIS breaker contact temperature calculation according to claim 1, wherein the geometric center of the GIS breaker shell is the geometric center of a breaker shell temperature top view.
5. A system for selecting a sample data set in GIS breaker contact temperature calculation is characterized by comprising:
the data acquisition module acquires a sample data set by adopting a method of taking points every two units on an X axis, a method of taking points every two units when an included angle of the X axis is 45 degrees, a method of taking points at the intersection of a Y axis and an isotherm and a method of taking points randomly in different areas before nonlinear fitting is carried out on the contact temperature of the GIS breaker;
the selection module selects an optimal sample data set for subsequent calculation through optimization pretreatment;
the method for taking points every two units by adopting the X axis specifically comprises the following steps:
determining a GIS breaker shell temperature selection surface;
establishing a coordinate axis by taking the geometric center of the GIS breaker shell as a coordinate origin;
collecting data every two units along the X-axis direction of a coordinate axis, wherein the X-axis direction is parallel to the transverse direction of the circuit breaker;
the method for taking points every two units when the included angle of the method and the X axis is 45 degrees specifically comprises the following steps:
determining a GIS breaker shell temperature selection surface;
establishing a coordinate axis by taking the geometric center of the GIS breaker shell as a coordinate origin;
acquiring data every two units when the included angle of the X-axis of the coordinate axis is 45 degrees, wherein the X-axis direction is parallel to the transverse direction of the breaker;
the point taking method for the intersection of the Y axis and the isotherm specifically comprises the following steps:
determining a GIS breaker shell temperature selection surface;
establishing a coordinate axis by taking the geometric center of the GIS breaker shell as a coordinate origin;
acquiring data every two units at the intersection of the Y axis of the coordinate axis and the isotherm, wherein the Y axis direction is vertical to the transverse direction of the circuit breaker;
the random point-taking method for different areas specifically comprises the following steps:
determining a GIS breaker shell temperature selection surface;
establishing a coordinate axis by taking the geometric center of the GIS breaker shell as a coordinate origin;
randomly selecting collected data in different areas according to coordinate axes, wherein the X-axis direction of the coordinate axes is parallel to the transverse direction of the circuit breaker, and the Y-axis direction of the coordinate axes is perpendicular to the transverse direction of the circuit breaker.
6. The system for selecting a sample data set in GIS breaker contact temperature calculation according to claim 5, wherein the two units are specifically 2 cm.
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| CN107895205A (en) * | 2017-11-07 | 2018-04-10 | 武汉大学 | GIS contact hot(test)-spot temperature Forecasting Methodologies based on population support vector regression |
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