Mechanical property tester for railway fastener
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rail transit, in particular to a mechanical property tester for a railway fastener.
Background
Traditional fastener static rigidity testing arrangement often adopts counterforce device, and the cooperation jack carries out the loading to it, through the reading of adsorbing four amesdials on fastener installation base, takes its average value to calculate and obtain fastener static rigidity. However, in actual train operation, the steel rails and the rails present dynamic displacement, that is, the actual dynamic stiffness and the corresponding static stiffness have obvious deviation, so that the static stiffness test data can not meet the actual requirements of the engineering gradually, and the conventional dynamic stiffness test device is easy to have accidents during measurement due to no related safety measures, thereby endangering the safety of workers. Since the existing testing instruments on the market are not improved for personnel protection, a new testing instrument is urgently needed to make up for the defects.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a railway fastener mechanical property tester.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the railway fastener mechanical property tester comprises a dynamic stiffness testing assembly and a protection assembly, wherein the dynamic stiffness testing assembly comprises a base, a rotating mechanism in the base and a testing mechanism above the base, the base is a hollow cuboid shell, and the protection assembly is fixedly connected with the rotating mechanism;
the rotating mechanism comprises a rotating motor, the rotating motor is vertically arranged and fixed on the upper side of the bottom surface of the base, the top end of an output shaft of the rotating motor is fixedly connected with a vertically arranged first rotating shaft, the top end of the first rotating shaft is movably connected with a first threaded rod, a crawler belt is arranged on the side surface of the first rotating shaft, the first rotating shaft is positioned in the middle of the crawler belt, two ends of the crawler belt are respectively connected with a second rotating shaft, the top end of the right second rotating shaft is connected with a second threaded rod, and the top end of the left second rotating shaft is connected with a third;
the testing mechanism comprises a displacement scale column and a load lifting platform, the displacement scale column is vertically arranged on the upper side of the top surface of the base, and a dynamic stiffness testing mass block is movably connected above the load lifting platform; the testing mechanism further comprises a fastener placing platform fixed on the upper side of the top surface of the base, a fastener is fixed on the upper side of the top surface of the fastener placing platform, the fastener placing platform is a hollow cuboid, a fastener clamping plate is arranged in the fastener placing platform, two sliding blocks arranged side by side are arranged on the lower side of the fastener clamping plate, and a sliding groove matched with the sliding blocks is formed below the sliding blocks;
the protection component comprises a test protection shell, a protection cover below the test protection shell and three load lifting platform limiting blocks, wherein the test protection shell is a hollow cuboid, a protection cover rotating mechanism is fixedly arranged in the test protection shell, the upper end of the load lifting platform limiting block is fixedly connected with the lower side and the lower end of the test protection shell and the top ends of the first threaded rod and the second threaded rod, and the top end of the third threaded rod penetrates through the load lifting platform limiting block and is inserted into the test protection shell.
The protection casing rotary mechanism includes the worm wheel, the worm wheel support column, the worm wheel connecting axle, the fourth threaded rod, threaded rod support column and protection casing connecting plate, the vertical setting of worm wheel and with insert the inside third threaded rod meshing of test protecting sheathing, the worm wheel middle part is equipped with horizontal worm wheel connecting axle, the left and right sides of worm wheel respectively is equipped with a worm wheel support column of fixing on test protecting sheathing bottom surface, the worm wheel connecting axle passes two worm wheel support columns respectively, and the worm wheel connecting axle extends right and is connected fixedly with the fourth threaded rod, the fourth threaded rod outside is connected with the protection casing connecting plate, the lower extreme of protection casing connecting plate stretches out test protecting sheathing.
The lower extreme of protection casing connecting plate is connected with two identical protection casings, and two protection casings are the rectangular plate of vertical setting and the two is 15 contained angles, and protection casing department is fixed with the protection casing hinge of two even settings, and the junction at two protection casings is fixed respectively at the both ends of protection casing hinge, and the two does not produce relative displacement with two fixed assurance of protection casings.
The first threaded rod, the second threaded rod and the third threaded rod are vertically arranged and extend upwards out of the base, the bottoms of the second threaded rod and the third threaded rod are sequentially connected with a connecting rod and a connecting rod base from top to bottom, and the connecting rod base is fixed on the bottom surface of the base; the first threaded rod, the second threaded rod and the third threaded rod are not on the same straight line and are respectively positioned at three vertex points of a triangle to support the protection component above the triangle.
The displacement scale column is located the left side of third threaded rod, and its side towards operating personnel is carved with the scale mark, and the downside, the bottom mounting at the load lift platform stopper are fixed on the upside of base in the top of displacement scale column.
The load lifting platform is internally provided with three through holes, the through holes are internally provided with internal threads matched with the first threaded rod, the second threaded rod and the third threaded rod, and the leftmost end of the load lifting platform extends out of the plane where the displacement scale column is located, so that the displacement value of the load lifting platform can be accurately identified when the load lifting platform generates displacement.
The fastener clamping plates are provided with two identical clamping plates and are in a semicircular arc shape, the two fastener clamping plates are symmetrically arranged, the formed cavity is the fastener placing groove, the fastener can be clamped tightly, and the fastener is not damaged due to uneven stress on two sides.
The downside of slider is equipped with pressure sensor, records the atress condition of fastener, the operating personnel analysis of being convenient for.
The top surface of the fastener clamping plate is tightly attached to the top surface of the fastener placing platform, the left side and the right side of the top surface of the fastener clamping plate are respectively provided with a transversely arranged compression spring, one end of each compression spring is fixed at the position of the fastener clamping plate, the other end of each compression spring is connected with an adjusting bolt, and the bolt body of each adjusting bolt penetrates through the fastener placing platform and the bolt head is respectively located on the left side and the right side of the fastener placing platform.
The spout transversely sets up and its both ends are fixed respectively in the inside left and right sides of fastener place the platform.
The railway fastener mechanical property tester provided by the invention has the advantages that the structure is simple, the design is reasonable, various parameters such as deformation, stress and the like of the fastener in an experiment are effectively tested by utilizing the displacement scale column and the pressure sensor, when the movable fastener is deformed and sprayed, the safety of operators can be effectively ensured by utilizing the protective cover, and the railway fastener mechanical property tester has extremely high practical use value.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the apparatus configuration;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the base;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a test containment;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged partial schematic view at A of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged partial schematic view at B in FIG. 3;
the device comprises a dynamic stiffness testing assembly 1, a 100 dynamic stiffness testing base, a 101 rotating motor, a 102 first rotating shaft, a 103 crawler belt, a 104 second rotating shaft, a 105 connecting rod, a 106 connecting rod base, a 107 first threaded rod, a 108 second threaded rod, a 109 load lifting platform, a 110 dynamic stiffness testing mass block, a 111 fastener, a 112 fastener placing platform, a 113 adjusting bolt, a 114 compression spring, a 115 fastener clamping plate, a 116 slider, a 117 chute, a 118 pressure sensor, a 119 displacement scale column, a 120 third threaded rod, a 2 protection assembly, a 200 load lifting platform limiting block, a 201 testing protection shell, a 202 worm wheel supporting column, a 203 worm wheel connecting shaft, a 204 worm wheel, a 205 fourth threaded rod, a 206 threaded rod supporting column, a 207 protection cover connecting plate, a 208 protection cover and a 209 protection cover hinge.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
The structures, proportions, sizes, and other dimensions shown in the drawings and described in the specification are for understanding and reading the present disclosure, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure, which is defined in the claims, and are not essential to the art, and any structural modifications, changes in proportions, or adjustments in size, which do not affect the efficacy or achievement of the intended purposes of the present disclosure, are intended to be included within the scope of the present disclosure. In addition, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" used in the present specification are for clarity of description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and the relative relationship between the terms and the terms is not to be construed as a scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the railway fastener mechanical property tester comprises a dynamic stiffness testing assembly 1 and a protection assembly 2, wherein the dynamic stiffness testing assembly 1 comprises a base 100, a rotating mechanism in the base 100 and a testing mechanism above the base 100, the base 100 is a hollow cuboid shell, the protection assembly 2 is fixedly connected with the rotating mechanism, the rotating mechanism comprises a rotating motor 101, the rotating motor 101 is vertically arranged and fixed on the upper side of the bottom surface of the base 100, the top end of an output shaft of the rotating motor 101 is fixedly connected with a vertically arranged first rotating shaft 102, a crawler belt 103 is arranged on the side surface of the first rotating shaft 102, the first rotating shaft 102 is located in the middle of the crawler belt 103, and two ends of the crawler belt 103 are respectively connected with a second rotating shaft 104; the top end of the first rotating shaft 102 is movably connected with a first threaded rod 107, the top end of the right second rotating shaft 104 is connected with a second threaded rod 108, and the top end of the left second rotating shaft 104 is connected with a third threaded rod 120. First threaded rod 107, second threaded rod 108 and third threaded rod 120 all vertical setting and upwards stretch out base 100, and connecting rod 105 and connecting rod base 106 have connected gradually from last to bottom in the bottom of second threaded rod 108 and third threaded rod 120, and connecting rod base 106 is fixed in the bottom surface department of base 100, and first threaded rod 107 and second, third threaded rod no longer are on the same straight line, are located triangular three apex respectively, play the supporting role to the protection component 2 of visiting on it.
The testing mechanism comprises a displacement scale column 119 and a load lifting platform 109, wherein the displacement scale column 119 is vertically arranged on the upper side of the top surface of the base 100 and is positioned on the left side of the third threaded rod 120, and scale marks are marked on the side, facing an operator, of the displacement scale column 119. A dynamic stiffness test mass block 110 is movably connected above the load lifting platform 109, three through holes are formed in the load lifting platform 109, internal threads matched with the first, second and third threaded rods are arranged in the three through holes, the leftmost end of the load lifting platform 109 extends out of the plane where the scale column 119 is located, and when the load lifting platform 109 generates displacement, an operator can accurately judge the displacement value of the load lifting platform; the testing mechanism further comprises a fastener placing platform 112 fixed on the upper side of the top surface of the base 100, a fastener 111 is fixed on the upper side of the top surface of the fastener placing platform 112, the fastener placing platform 112 is a hollow cuboid, fastener clamping plates 115 are arranged in the fastener placing platform, two identical fastener clamping plates 115 are arranged on the fastener clamping plates 115 and are both in a semi-circular arc shape, the two fastener clamping plates 115 are symmetrically arranged, a formed cavity is a fastener placing groove, the top surface of the fastener clamping plate 115 is tightly attached to the top surface of the fastener placing platform 112, the left side and the right side of the top surface of the fastener clamping plate 115 are respectively provided with a transversely arranged compression spring 114, one end of each compression spring 114 is fixed at the position of the fastener clamping plate 115, the other end of each compression spring 114 is connected with an adjusting bolt, a bolt body of each adjusting bolt penetrates through the fastener placing platform 112, bolt heads are respectively positioned at the, the sliding chute 117 is transversely arranged, and two ends of the sliding chute are respectively fixed at the left side and the right side inside the fastener placing platform 112; a pressure sensor 118 is arranged below the sliding block 116 to record the stress condition of the fastener 111.
The protective assembly 2 comprises a test protective shell 201, a protective cover 208 and three load lifting platform limiting blocks 200, wherein the test protective shell 201 is a hollow cuboid, a protective cover rotating mechanism is fixed in the test protective shell, the upper end of each load lifting platform limiting block 200 is fixed on the lower side and the lower end of the test protective shell 201 and is connected and fixed with the top ends of the first threaded rod and the second threaded rod, and the top end of the third threaded rod 120 penetrates through the load lifting platform limiting block 200 and is inserted into the test protective shell 201. The protective cover rotating mechanism comprises a worm gear 204, worm gear supporting columns 202, a worm gear connecting shaft 203, a fourth threaded rod 205, threaded rod supporting columns 206 and a protective cover connecting plate 207, wherein the worm gear 204 is vertically arranged and is inserted into the third threaded rod 120 in the test protective shell 201 to be meshed, the middle part of the worm gear 204 is provided with the transverse worm gear connecting shaft 203, the left side and the right side of the worm gear 204 are respectively provided with one worm gear supporting column 202 fixed on the bottom surface of the test protective shell 201, the worm gear connecting shafts 203 respectively penetrate through the two worm gear supporting columns 202, the worm gear connecting shaft 203 extends rightwards to be connected and fixed with the fourth threaded rod 205, the outer side of the fourth threaded rod 205 is connected with the protective cover connecting plate 207, the lower end of the protective cover connecting plate 207 extends out of the test protective shell 201 and is connected with the protective, two protective cover hinges 209 which are uniformly arranged are fixed at the protective cover 208, two ends of each protective cover hinge 209 are respectively fixed at the two protective covers 208, and the two protective covers 208 are fixed to ensure that the two protective covers do not generate relative displacement.
During the specific use, put into the cavity that fastener clamp plate 115 formed with fastener 111 is fixed, screw up adjusting bolt and fix it, open rotating electrical machines 101, the motor drives first rotation axis 102 and the first threaded rod 107 of first rotation axis upside this moment and rotates, and track 103 drives second rotation axis 104 and rotates, and second threaded rod 108 and third threaded rod 120 rotate simultaneously, and load lift platform 109 is moving down along the threaded rod this moment, extrudees fastener 111. Meanwhile, the worm gear 204 engaged with the third threaded rod 120 rotates to drive the fourth threaded rod 205 to rotate, the protective cover connecting plate 207 moves rightwards on the side surface of the fourth threaded rod 205, the protective cover 208 is driven to move rightwards, and the protective cover protecting device protects an operator. After the stress condition and the displacement value are recorded, the rotating motor 101 rotates reversely, so that the load lifting platform 109 can be lifted, and the protective cover 208 is reset to the left, thereby completing one test operation.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made without inventive efforts by those skilled in the art based on the technical solution of the present invention.