Experimental device capable of accurately moving and measuring spray flow
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of spray cooling and internal combustion engine spraying, and comprises a spray flow measuring and measuring liquid collecting device, wherein the device is used for measuring performance parameters such as spatial distribution of spray field flow.
Background
The spraying is a necessary process in the fields of spray cooling and internal combustion engine spraying, and the good spraying effect can not only obviously improve the heat exchange efficiency in the spray cooling process, but also fully atomize fuel in the internal combustion engine spraying process and improve the combustion efficiency. The flow distribution is one of important parameters for researching a spray field, and the distribution rule of parameters such as the flux of the spray field can be directly obtained through the flow distribution in the spraying process, so that the flow distribution is a focus of attention of numerous scholars.
Usually, a multipurpose test tube with a large flow rate of a spray field collects a liquid sample at a fixed point of the spray field, and a glass test tube wall is thick (about 1-2mm), so that a large error is generated, and the measurement precision is influenced. The liquid collection part of the experimental device adopts a matching mode of a stainless steel tube (hereinafter referred to as a metal test tube) with thinner wall thickness and a hose.
In the spray flow spatial distribution measuring process, more accurate flow distribution measurement needs a thinner steel pipe to divide a spray field, and working media can remain in the steel pipe or suspend in a drop at a metal test tube outlet due to the surface tension of the working media, so that the working media can not be accurately and completely collected, and larger errors are caused.
The measurement process of the spray field usually requires multiple movements of the experimental device to achieve the full measurement of the performance parameters of the spray field, however, each movement of the device requires recalibration and calibration of the device position to maintain it level and accurately move to the exact location of the spray field to be measured, which is time consuming and may create operational errors. The experimental device can accurately move and measure the flow of all positions of the spray field without moving after one-time position calibration is completed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention designs an experimental device capable of accurately and movably measuring spray flow, and mainly aims to measure the spatial distribution of the spray flow.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
an experimental device capable of accurately measuring the flow rate of spray in a mobile manner comprises a metal test tube fixing frame (figure 1), metal test tubes (arrays) 23 and a liquid collecting box 25.
The metal test tube fixing frame is used for fixing metal test tubes 23 arranged in an array mode, and can realize movement in XY two directions, and the structure of the metal test tube fixing frame comprises a fastening hand wheel 1, a deep groove ball bearing 2, a fastening screw rod 3, an optical axis 4, a fixing clamping plate 5, a linear bearing 6, a hanging foot 7, a Y-direction supporting base 8, a Y-direction linear bearing seat 9, a Y-direction linear bearing 10, a Y-direction double-wire lead screw 11, a Y-direction optical axis 12, a Y-direction deep groove ball bearing 13, a Y-direction control hand wheel 14, an X-direction supporting base 15, an X-direction linear bearing seat 16, an X-direction linear bearing 17, an X-direction optical axis 18, an X-direction double-wire lead screw 19, an X-direction deep groove 20, an X-direction control hand wheel. The components 1-6 are arranged in both XY degrees of freedom. The parts 9-21 are symmetrical parts except 11,14,19 and 21. The liquid collecting box 25 includes a liquid discharging port 26, a liquid injecting port 27 and a sucking port 28.
The fastening hand wheel 1 is fixed with one end of the fastening screw rod 3 through thread glue, so that the fastening hand wheel can rotate forwards and backwards without falling; the fastening screw rod 3 is supported by a deep groove ball bearing 2 (the deep groove ball bearing 2 is used for supporting the fastening screw rod 3 on the main body structure of the metal test tube rack and ensuring the rotary motion of the fastening screw rod) with two ends fixed on the main body structure of the metal test tube rack, and is connected with the thread of a fixed clamping plate 5 close to one side of the fastening hand wheel 1, while the same position of the fixed clamping plate 5 at the other end is a through hole without threads, so that each fastening screw rod 3 is ensured to control the movement of one fixed clamping plate 5; linear bearings 6 are further arranged inside the two end fixing splints 5; the optical axis 4 passes through the linear bearing 6 arranged on the fixed splint 5, so that the fixed splint 5 can move in the direction of the optical axis 4 to achieve the purpose of fastening the metal test tube 23. Wherein the linear bearing 6 is used for ensuring that the fixed splint 5 makes linear motion along the optical axis 4. That is to say, 4 solid fixed splint 5 are fixed on the major structure of metal test tube mount by optical axis 4 and linear bearing 6 jointly to through the removal of fastening hand wheel 1 through fastening screw rod 3 control solid fixed splint 5 (fastening screw rod 3 can be with the rotary motion who fastens hand wheel 1 transform into solid fixed splint 5's linear motion), guarantee metal test tube 23 fixed, wherein, optical axis 4 makes solid fixed splint 5 can follow the direction removal of fastening screw rod 3 control.
The main structure of the metal test tube rack is fixed on a Y-direction linear bearing seat 9 (both sides are arranged) through a Y-direction linear bearing 10 and a Y-direction optical axis 12. The Y-direction linear bearing block 9 is fixed on the Y-direction supporting base 8 through bolts; a Y-direction linear bearing 10 is arranged on the Y-direction linear bearing seat 9; the Y-direction optical axis 12 is used for supporting a main body structure of the metal test tube fixing frame and can do linear motion along a Y-direction linear bearing 10, wherein a double-wire lead screw nut is arranged inside the Y-direction linear bearing seat 9 on one side and can be matched with a Y-direction double-wire lead screw 11; the Y-direction double-thread lead screw 11 is supported by a Y-direction deep groove ball bearing 13, two ends of which are fixed on the main body structure of the metal test tube fixing frame; the Y-direction control hand wheel 14 is fixed with one end of the Y-direction double-thread lead screw 11 through thread glue and used for controlling the Y-direction double-thread lead screw 11, so that the movement of the relative position of the main body structure of the metal test tube fixing frame in the Y direction is controlled. The Y-direction movement is realized by selecting a Y-direction linear bearing seat 9 with a proper height according to the length of the metal test tube 23. That is, the Y-direction optical axis 12 is used for supporting the main structure of the metal test tube holder and can move linearly along the Y-direction linear bearing 10; the Y-direction control hand wheel 14 is used for controlling the Y-direction double-thread lead screw 11, so that the main body structure of the metal test tube fixing frame is controlled to move along the Y-direction relative position.
The hanging feet 7 are fixed below the Y-direction supporting base 8 through bolts. The X-direction linear bearing block 16 is fixed on the X-direction supporting base 15 through bolts. The Y-direction supporting base 8 and the hanging feet 7 are fixed on an X-direction linear bearing seat 16 (both sides of the X-direction linear bearing seat are arranged) through an X-direction linear bearing 17 and an X-direction optical axis 18, the X-direction linear bearing seat 16 is provided with the X-direction linear bearing 17, and the Y-direction supporting base 8 can do linear motion along the X-direction linear bearing 17 and the X-direction optical axis 18; a double-lead screw nut is arranged inside one side of the X-direction linear bearing seat 16 and can be matched with an X-direction double-lead screw 19; the X-direction double lead screw 19 is fixed through an X-direction deep groove ball bearing 20 with two ends fixed on the hanging feet 7; the X-direction deep groove ball bearing 20 is fixed with the hanging foot 7; the X-direction control hand wheel 21 is fixed with one end of the X-direction double-lead screw 19 through thread glue and is used for controlling the X-direction double-lead screw 19, so that the Y-direction support base 8 is controlled to move along the X-direction relative position.
The two ends of the supporting column 22 are respectively in interference fit with the upper X-direction supporting base 15 and the lower base 24 to achieve the fixing effect.
The liquid collecting box 25 is used for collecting the liquid collected by the metal test tube 23, and comprises a plurality of spaces, the interiors of the spaces are not communicated with each other, each space comprises a liquid discharge port 26, a liquid injection port 27 and an air suction port 28, and the liquid collecting box 25 can suck air into the inner space through the air suction port 28 so as to eliminate the phenomenon that the liquid is attached to or hung on the wall of the metal test tube due to the surface tension of the liquid in the spraying process.
The metal test tube (array) 23 comprises a certain number of metal circular through tubes with the wall thickness of 0.2mm, the wall thickness of the metal circular through tubes is much smaller than that of a glass test tube, and the error of the test tube during collection of the local flow of the spray field can be reduced.
In the invention, the Y-direction double-lead screw 11, the X-direction double-lead screw 19, the Y-direction linear bearing seat 9 and the X-direction linear bearing seat 16 are matched with double-lead screw nuts with the diameter of 6mm and the lead of 1mm, which are specified in the national standard GB/T17587.3-1998, so that the main structure of the metal test tube rack and the Y-direction support base 8 can move for 1mm when the Y-direction control hand wheel 14 and the X-direction control hand wheel 21 rotate for one circle, and the accurate movement and positioning of the metal test tube rack are ensured.
After the metal test tube 23 in the invention is selected to be in a proper size according to experiment requirements, the fastening hand wheels 1 in 4 directions are adjusted, and then 4 fixing clamp plates 5 are controlled by the fastening screw rods 3 to clamp the metal test tubes 23 which are arranged in an array, and the upper parts of the metal test tubes are made to be horizontal. The lower part of the metal test tube 23 is connected with each liquid injection port 27 of the liquid collection box 25 through a hose, and each air suction port 28 is connected with a vacuum tank. When the experiment is started, the stop valve is opened when spraying is carried out, so that the vacuum tube can suck air to each cabin of the liquid collection box 25 to ensure that the liquid enters the liquid collection box 25; after the experiment was completed, the liquid in each chamber was drained through the liquid drain 26 and weighed (or measured volume) to obtain the spray field flow distribution.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: (1) the metal test tube fixing frame can realize accurate movement in XY two directions; (2) the liquid collecting box is provided with an air suction opening, and the vacuum negative pressure is utilized to suck air into the space of the liquid collecting box so as to eliminate the phenomenon that the liquid is attached to or hung on the wall of the metal test tube due to the surface tension of the liquid in the spraying process; (3) the wall thickness of metal test tube compares glass test tube wall thickness and is much littleer, error when can reduce the test tube and gather the local liquid in spray field.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a metal test tube holder;
in the figure: 1 fastening a hand wheel; 2, deep groove ball bearings; 3 fastening the screw rod; 4 optical axis; 5 fixing the clamping plate; 6, a linear bearing; 7, hanging a foot; 8Y-direction supporting bases; a 9Y-direction linear bearing seat; a 10Y-direction linear bearing; 11Y-direction double lead screw; 12Y-direction optical axis; 13Y-direction deep groove ball bearings; a 14Y-direction control hand wheel; a 15X-direction supporting base; a 16X-direction linear bearing seat; a 17X-direction linear bearing; 18X-direction optical axis; 19X direction double lead screw; 20X-direction deep groove ball bearings; a 21X-direction control hand wheel; 22 support columns; 23 a metal test tube; 24, a base.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a fluid collection cassette;
in the figure: 25 a liquid collection cartridge; 26 a liquid discharge port; 27 a liquid injection port; 28 suction ports.
Description of the drawings: the components 1-6 are arranged in both XY degrees of freedom; parts 9-21 are symmetrical parts except 11,14,19 and 21; each of the structures 26, 27 and 28 includes a plurality, only one of which is labeled in the figures.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments
The invention will now be described with reference to figures 1 and 2, which are specific embodiments thereof.
An experimental device capable of accurately measuring the flow rate of spray in a mobile manner comprises a metal test tube fixing frame (figure 1), metal test tubes (arrays) 23 and a liquid collecting box 25.
The fixing clamp plates 5 on the metal test tube fixing frame are jointly fixed on a main body structure of the metal test tube fixing frame through the optical axis 4 and the linear bearing 6, and the fixing hand wheel 1 controls the fixing clamp plates 5 to move through the fastening screw rod 3 (the principle of 4 fixing clamp plates is the same) to ensure the fixing of the metal test tubes 23 arranged in an array; the deep groove ball bearing 2 is used for supporting the fastening screw rod 3 on a main body structure of the metal test tube rack and ensuring the rotation of the fastening screw rod 3, and the linear bearing 6 is used for ensuring the fixed clamping plate 5 to do linear motion along the optical axis 4; the fastening screw 3 can convert the rotary motion of the fastening hand wheel 1 into the linear motion of the fixed clamp plate 5.
The main structure of the metal test tube rack is fixed on a Y-direction linear bearing seat 9 (both sides of the main structure are arranged) through a Y-direction linear bearing 10 and a Y-direction optical axis 12, and a Y-direction double-lead screw 11 is matched through a double-lead screw nut in the Y-direction linear bearing seat 9; the Y-direction linear bearing block 9 is fixed on the Y-direction supporting base 8 through bolts; two ends of the Y-direction double-thread lead screw 11 are supported by Y-direction deep groove ball bearings 13 and fixed on a main body structure of the metal test tube rack, and a Y-direction control hand wheel 14 is arranged at one end of the Y-direction double-thread lead screw and controls the main body structure of the metal test tube rack and the Y-direction linear bearing seat 9 to move in the Y direction through the Y-direction double-thread lead screw 11.
The hanging feet 7 (four) are fixed below the Y-direction supporting base 8 through bolts. The X-direction linear bearing seat 16 is fixed on the X-direction supporting base 15 through bolts, the X-direction linear bearing 17 and the X-direction optical axis 18 are fixed on the X-direction linear bearing seat 16 (both sides of the X-direction linear bearing seat are arranged), and the X-direction double-wire lead screw 19 is matched through a double-wire lead screw nut in the X-direction linear bearing seat 16; the X-direction supporting base 15 is fixed with the upper parts of the four supporting columns 22 in an interference fit manner; two ends of the X-direction double lead screw 19 are supported by an X-direction deep groove ball bearing 20 and are fixed with the hanging foot 7, and one end of the X-direction double lead screw is provided with an X-direction control hand wheel 21 to control the movement of the relative position of the Y-direction support base 8 in the X direction. The base 24 is fixed with the lower part of the supporting column 22 in an interference fit manner.
After the metal test tube 23 selects a metal test tube with a proper size according to experimental requirements, 4 fastening hand wheels 1 in 4 directions are adjusted to control 4 fixing clamping plates 5 to fix the metal test tube through fastening screws 3 and enable the upper part of the fixing clamping plates to be horizontal; the lower part of the metal test tube 23 is connected with each liquid injection port 27 of the liquid collection box 25 through a hose, and a vacuum tank (not shown) is connected with each suction port 28. The position of the metal cuvette 23 is then calibrated, moved to the target measurement area, and the test is started. When the spray is stable, the stop valve (not identified, located between the vacuum tank and the extraction opening) is opened to allow the vacuum tube to extract air to each compartment of the liquid collection box 25, thereby avoiding the liquid from adhering to or hanging on the wall of the metal test tube due to the action of surface tension, and ensuring that the liquid enters the liquid collection box 25. Further, if the metal test tube 23 needs to be moved to measure the flow at different positions, the displacement can be calculated according to the initially calibrated position of the metal test tube, and the displacement can be realized by rotating the Y-direction control hand wheel 14 and the X-direction control hand wheel 21. After the experiment was completed, the liquid in each chamber was drained through the liquid drain 26 and weighed, thereby obtaining the distribution of the flow rate of the spray field.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express the embodiments of the present invention, but not should be understood as the limitation of the scope of the invention patent, it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, many variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall into the protection scope of the present invention.