CN112344758A - Deep heat supply cold end system of direct air cooling unit - Google Patents
Deep heat supply cold end system of direct air cooling unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN112344758A CN112344758A CN202011143088.4A CN202011143088A CN112344758A CN 112344758 A CN112344758 A CN 112344758A CN 202011143088 A CN202011143088 A CN 202011143088A CN 112344758 A CN112344758 A CN 112344758A
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 157
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 70
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001131 transforming effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28C—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT WITHOUT CHEMICAL INTERACTION
- F28C1/00—Direct-contact trickle coolers, e.g. cooling towers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K17/00—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant
- F01K17/02—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant for heating purposes, e.g. industrial, domestic
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
- F24D3/10—Feed-line arrangements, e.g. providing for heat-accumulator tanks, expansion tanks ; Hydraulic components of a central heating system
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28B—STEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
- F28B9/00—Auxiliary systems, arrangements, or devices
- F28B9/08—Auxiliary systems, arrangements, or devices for collecting and removing condensate
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F25/00—Component parts of trickle coolers
- F28F25/02—Component parts of trickle coolers for distributing, circulating, and accumulating liquid
- F28F25/06—Spray nozzles or spray pipes
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a deep heat supply cold end system of a direct air cooling unit, and relates to the technical field of cold ends of direct air cooling units of steam turbines in thermal power plants; the low-pressure steam turbine comprises a low-pressure cylinder, a steam exhaust device, a cooling water spraying mechanism, an air cooling island and an air cooling mechanical tower, wherein the steam exhaust device is connected with a steam exhaust outlet of the low-pressure cylinder; through implementing this technical scheme, can effectively solve during the deep heating, prevent when reaching the ability that maintains the low backpressure of unit that the risk that freezes appears in the air cooling island, can effectively strengthen the fail safe nature of unit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cold ends of direct air cooling units of steam turbines in thermal power plants, in particular to a deep heat supply cold end system of a direct air cooling unit.
Background
In the conventional direct air cooling unit for thermal power, in the deep heat supply transformation such as low-pressure cylinder cutting, micro-output, zero-output and the like, although the steam discharge amount of the low-pressure cylinder is very small, the low back pressure of a steam turbine also needs to be maintained, so that the blade overtemperature risk caused by the blast of the last-stage blade of the steam turbine is reduced, and meanwhile, the steam leakage of some systems, the drainage pressure difference and the like are recovered.
In the operation of the existing steam turbine, steam exhausted by the steam turbine enters an air cooling island for condensation, although the air cooling island adopts a grouping design, the steam exhausted steam quantity of the steam turbine under the deep heat supply working condition is very small, the heat supply season is in winter, the environmental temperature is low, the steam exhausted steam quantity of the steam turbine is greatly lower than the minimum steam inlet quantity allowed by the air cooling island, and the icing risk is very high; the following scheme is generally adopted to ensure that the air cooling island is not frozen:
the first technical scheme is that the steam inlet quantity of a low pressure cylinder is increased to meet the requirement of the minimum steam inlet quantity of an air cooling island; but the technical defects of the scheme are that the heat supply capacity of the steam turbine is correspondingly reduced, and the economical efficiency of the unit is reduced;
in the second technical scheme, a newly-added surface heat exchanger is adopted, and steam is led out from a steam pipeline at the outlet of the steam exhaust device and condensed in an external condenser; for example, patent publication No. CN109469522A discloses an exhaust steam cooling system and an exhaust steam cooling method, in which a pipeline communicated with an inlet of an exhaust steam cooler is arranged on a steam exhaust pipeline from a steam turbine to an air cooling island, all steam inlet valves of a steam distribution pipe of the air cooling condenser are closed during zero-output operation of a low-pressure cylinder of a direct air cooling unit in a winter heat supply season, the air cooling condenser is isolated, the exhaust steam of the steam turbine unit is completely led into the exhaust steam condenser for condensation, a cooling water source is taken from an auxiliary unit cooling water system, and condensed water flows back to a main unit steam exhaust device, so that the problem of freezing of the air cooling condenser when the low-pressure cylinder runs with zero-output heat in the heat supply season of the direct air cooling unit is thoroughly solved; however, the scheme has the following technical defects: because the steam pressure is low, the specific volume is big, and the exhaust steam extraction pipeline is very big, and the pipeline layout and the civil engineering design construction degree of difficulty are big, and the circulating water of condenser also needs to get water or set up independent closed circulating water system from closing the cooling water system simultaneously, and direct air cooling unit area lacks water seriously usually, and this scheme needs to increase a large amount of circulating water, is unfavorable for the water conservation, and the system pipeline is complicated, and the fault rate is high in the operation, and invests in greatly.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above technical problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a deep heat supply cold end system for a direct air cooling unit, which aims to solve the problem of preventing an air cooling island from freezing while maintaining the low back pressure of the unit during deep heat supply, and effectively enhance the safety and reliability of the unit.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a deep heat supply cold end system of a direct air cooling unit comprises
The low-pressure cylinder is provided with a steam exhaust outlet and is used for exhausting the dead steam of the steam turbine;
the steam exhaust device is connected with the steam exhaust outlet so that exhaust steam can enter the steam exhaust device;
the cooling water spraying mechanism is arranged in the steam exhaust device so that cooling water can exchange heat with exhaust steam in the steam exhaust device and form condensed water;
the air cooling island is connected with the steam exhaust device through a steam exhaust pipeline so that exhaust steam in the steam exhaust device can be exhausted into the air cooling island for cooling, and a steam exhaust valve is arranged on the steam exhaust pipeline;
and the air cooling mechanical tower is connected with the steam exhaust device through a drainage pipeline so that condensed water in the steam exhaust device can be discharged into the air cooling mechanical tower to be cooled.
The technical scheme aims at the situation that the low-pressure cylinder is in cylinder cutting, micro-output or zero-output during deep heat supply, and the cold end system closes the exhaust valve to remove the air cooling island so as to thoroughly prevent the risk of icing the air cooling island; meanwhile, the design of the air cooling mechanical tower and the cooling water spraying mechanism meets the requirement that the unit maintains necessary cold end back pressure under the maximum heat supply load, the capacity of maintaining the low back pressure of the unit is achieved, and the safety and reliability of the unit can be effectively enhanced; and because whole cold junction system uses water as the thermal current medium, this technical scheme pipeline specification is little, and the system only need increase air cooling mechanical tower and cooling water spray mechanism, has with low costs, effectual, and the implementation time limit for a project is short, and the heat supply upgrading transformation to old unit is very convenient advantage.
Preferably, the steam exhaust device comprises a steam exhaust device shell, a steam exhaust device throat part positioned at the top of the steam exhaust device shell and a steam exhaust device hot well positioned at the lower part of the steam exhaust device shell, the steam exhaust outlet is connected with the steam exhaust device throat part, and condensed water formed in the steam exhaust device can flow into the steam exhaust device hot well. The steam exhaust device is simple in structural design and convenient for finishing the exhaust of the exhaust steam and the condensed water in the steam exhaust device; meanwhile, the cooling water spraying mechanism is combined to be arranged in the steam exhaust device so as to fully complete the mixing heat exchange of the cooling water and the exhaust steam.
Preferably, the steam exhaust pipeline is connected with a steam exhaust port on the casing of the steam exhaust device, and the water exhaust pipeline is connected with a water outlet at the bottom of a hot well of the steam exhaust device, so that exhaust steam and condensed water can be fully exhausted from the steam exhaust device.
Preferably, the exhaust valve on the exhaust pipe is a butterfly valve.
Preferably, the air cooling island is provided with a first return pipeline connected with the steam exhaust device, so that condensed water cooled by the air cooling island can enter the steam exhaust device through the first return pipeline and flow into the hot well of the steam exhaust device. Therefore, the technical scheme can directly introduce the condensed water cooled by the air cooling island into the steam exhaust device for heat regeneration, and the purpose of reducing the oxygen content of the condensed water is achieved.
Preferably, the drainage pipeline is provided with a condensate pump, so that condensate in the hot well of the steam exhaust device can be discharged into the air cooling mechanical tower through the condensate pump. Through condensate pump's design, can cool off in introducing the air cooling mechanical tower with the interior condensate water of steam extraction device hot well conveniently, avoid the risk that the air cooling island freezes to appear under the deep heat supply operating mode at the unit, combine the operation economic nature of air cooling island cooling in order to improve the unit under the operating mode in summer.
Preferably, the air cooling mechanical tower is provided with a second return pipeline connected with the steam exhaust device, so that condensed water cooled by the air cooling mechanical tower can enter the steam exhaust device through the second return pipeline and flows into a hot well of the steam exhaust device after mixed heat exchange with dead steam. By adopting the technical scheme, on one hand, the design of the return pipeline II directly introduces the condensed water cooled by the air cooling power tower into the steam exhaust device to be mixed with the exhaust steam for heat exchange and cooling, so that the purposes of saving energy and reducing consumption can be achieved, and the effects of saving water and saving energy are particularly obvious; on the other hand can effectively improve and use water to carry out refrigerated efficiency as the thermal current medium, can reach the purpose of maintaining the low backpressure of unit fast, is showing simultaneously and has reduced the load and the system design degree of difficulty of carrying out the condensation through steam is drawn forth, and then is showing and reducing economic input cost.
Preferably, the cooling water spraying mechanism is connected with the second backflow pipeline, so that condensed water cooled by the air cooling power tower can be introduced into the steam exhaust device through the cooling water spraying mechanism, the backflow condensed water is guaranteed to have low temperature parameters, the heat exchange coefficient of the backflow condensed water and exhaust steam is high, the heat exchange effect is good, and the environmental adaptability is high.
Preferably, the cooling water spraying mechanism is arranged at the throat part of the steam exhaust device and corresponds to the exhaust steam in the shell of the steam exhaust device, so that the low-temperature condensed water and the exhaust steam can exchange heat fully.
Preferably, the cooling water spraying mechanism includes a plurality of nozzles communicated with the second return pipe, and the plurality of nozzles are arranged at the throat portion of the steam exhaust device. So the backward flow condensate water can be and sprays the form in order to cover whole steam exhaust device casing, and heat transfer area is high, especially can reduce the unit backpressure fast under summer operating mode, improves the operation economic nature of unit.
As described above, the present invention has at least the following advantages over the prior art:
1. the deep heat supply cold end system of the direct air cooling unit combines the air cooling island cooling technology and the air cooling mechanical tower cooling technology, meets the requirement that the unit maintains necessary cold end back pressure under the maximum heat supply amount, and can remove the air cooling island through the steam exhaust valve to cool through the air cooling mechanical tower under the deep heat supply working condition, thereby fundamentally and thoroughly preventing the risk of icing of the air cooling island and enhancing the safety and reliability of the unit in operation under different working conditions.
2. The direct air cooling unit deep heat supply cold end system air cooling power tower is cooled by taking water as a heat flow medium, and compared with the traditional technology, the direct air cooling unit deep heat supply cold end system air cooling power tower is used for leading out steam for condensation.
3. According to the deep heat supply cold end system of the direct air cooling unit, the cooling water spraying mechanism is utilized to carry out heat exchange and cooling on the exhaust steam in the steam exhaust device, the mixed heat exchange of the cooling water and the exhaust steam can be fully completed in the steam exhaust device, and the heat exchange efficiency is high; meanwhile, the cooling water spraying mechanism is directly connected with the air cooling mechanical tower so as to introduce the condensed water cooled by the air cooling mechanical tower into the steam exhaust device to be mixed with the exhaust steam for heat exchange and cooling, the purposes of saving energy and reducing consumption can be achieved, and the effects of saving water and saving energy are particularly obvious.
4. The deep heat supply cold end system of the direct air cooling unit can effectively solve the problem of capability of maintaining low back pressure of the unit under different working conditions only by adding the air cooling power tower and the cooling water spraying mechanism, effectively prevents the risk of icing of the air cooling island, and has the advantages of low cost, good effect and short implementation period, and is particularly convenient for upgrading and transforming the heat supply of the old unit.
5. Compared with a surface heat exchanger, the deep heat supply cold end system of the direct air cooling unit has smaller end difference and does not have operation risks such as scaling and leakage, and the cold end system can meet the requirement of maintaining necessary cold end back pressure of the unit under the maximum heat supply amount without arranging additional circulating water; when the unit is in pure condensation operation in summer, the unit can also be used as a peak cooler, so that the operation backpressure of the unit is effectively reduced, the problem that the unit runs in summer is solved, and the economy of the unit is improved.
Drawings
The invention will be described by way of specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which
Fig. 1 is a schematic connection diagram of a deep heating cold end system of a direct air cooling unit according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals: 1-low pressure cylinder; 2-throat of steam exhaust device; 3-a steam exhaust device shell; 4-hot well of steam exhaust device; 5, a butterfly valve; 6-air cooling island; 7-a condensate pump; 8, an air cooling mechanical tower; 9-cooling water spraying mechanism; 10-a steam exhaust pipeline; 11-a first return pipe; 12-a drainage pipeline; 13-reflux pipeline two.
Detailed Description
All of the features disclosed in this specification, or all of the steps in any method or process so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations of features and/or steps that are mutually exclusive.
Any feature disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract) may be replaced by alternative features serving equivalent or similar purposes, unless expressly stated otherwise. That is, unless expressly stated otherwise, each feature is only an example of a generic series of equivalent or similar features.
Example one
This embodiment is substantially as shown in fig. 1: the embodiment provides a deep heat supply cold end system of a direct air cooling unit, which comprises a low-pressure cylinder 1, a steam exhaust device, a cooling water spraying mechanism 9, an air cooling island 6 and an air cooling power tower 8, wherein the low-pressure cylinder 1 is provided with a steam exhaust outlet for exhausting steam of a steam turbine, and the steam exhaust device is connected with the steam exhaust outlet so that the steam exhaust can enter the steam exhaust device; the cooling water spraying mechanism 9 provided by the embodiment is arranged in the steam exhaust device, so that the cooling water can exchange heat with the exhaust steam in the steam exhaust device and form condensed water.
The technical improvement that the exhaust steam of the steam turbine is led out for condensation and is cooled by taking water as a heat flow medium is provided, namely, the air cooling island 6 is connected with the steam exhaust device through a steam exhaust pipeline 10, so that the exhaust steam in the steam exhaust device can be exhausted into the air cooling island 6 for cooling, and the steam exhaust pipeline 10 is provided with a steam exhaust valve; meanwhile, the air cooling mechanical tower 8 is connected with a steam exhaust device through a water drainage pipeline 12, so that condensed water in the steam exhaust device can be discharged into the air cooling mechanical tower 8 for cooling; therefore, when the low-pressure cylinder 1 is in a micro-output or zero-output condition during deep heat supply, the cold end system closes the exhaust valve to remove the air cooling island 6, so that the risk of icing of the air cooling island 6 is thoroughly prevented; meanwhile, the design of the air cooling mechanical tower 8 and the cooling water spraying mechanism 9 meets the requirement that the unit maintains necessary cold end back pressure under the maximum heat supply load, the capacity of maintaining the low back pressure of the unit is achieved, and the safety and reliability of the unit can be effectively enhanced.
Specifically, the steam exhaust device is provided with a steam exhaust device shell 3, a steam exhaust device throat part 2 positioned at the top of the steam exhaust device shell 3 and a steam exhaust device hot well 4 positioned at the lower part of the steam exhaust device shell 3, a steam exhaust outlet of the low-pressure cylinder 1 is connected with the steam exhaust device throat part 2, and condensed water sprayed by the cooling water spraying mechanism 9 in the steam exhaust device can flow into the steam exhaust device hot well 4; meanwhile, the steam exhaust pipeline 10 is connected with a steam exhaust port on the casing 3 of the steam exhaust device, and the water drainage pipeline 12 is connected with a water drainage port at the bottom of the hot well 4 of the steam exhaust device, so that the steam exhaust and condensed water can be smoothly drained out of the steam exhaust device; meanwhile, the cooling water spraying mechanism 9 is combined and arranged in the steam exhaust device to fully complete the mixing heat exchange of the cooling water and the dead steam.
For the risk that has prevented the air cooling island 6 from appearing freezing, the exhaust valve on the exhaust steam pipeline 10 of this embodiment is butterfly valve 5, and the unit is in degree of depth heat supply operating mode from this, and exhaust butterfly valve 5 closes, falls into exhaust steam device hot-well 4 after cooling into the condensate water through air cooling mechanical tower 8 and cooling water shower mechanism 9 in order to realize with the exhaust steam cooling in the exhaust steam device to discharge through the outlet of exhaust steam device hot-well 4 bottom, reach the risk that freezes in order thoroughly to prevent the air cooling island 6 from appearing when keeping the ability of unit low back pressure.
Example two
The second embodiment is substantially the same as the first embodiment, except that: the embodiment provides a direct air cooling unit degree of depth heat supply cold end system, as the preferred of embodiment one, the air cooling island 6 that this embodiment provided disposes backflow pipeline 11 that links to each other with the steam extraction device to make the condensate water after the cooling of air cooling island 6 can get into in the steam extraction device through backflow pipeline 11, and flow into in the steam extraction device hot-well, so this embodiment can directly introduce the condensate water after the cooling of air cooling island 6 to carry out backheating in the steam extraction device, reaches the purpose that reduces steam extraction device condensate water oxygen content.
EXAMPLE III
The third embodiment is substantially the same as the second embodiment, except that: the embodiment provides a deep heat supply cold end system of a direct air cooling unit, and as the optimization of the second embodiment, the air cooling mechanical tower 8 provided by the second embodiment is provided with a return pipeline two 13 connected with a steam exhaust device, so that condensed water cooled by the air cooling mechanical tower 8 can enter the steam exhaust device through the return pipeline two 13, and flows into a hot well 4 of the steam exhaust device after mixing and heat exchange with exhaust steam; meanwhile, a condensate pump 7 is arranged on a water discharge pipeline 12 connected with the air cooling mechanical tower 8 and the steam exhaust device, so that the condensate in the hot well 4 of the steam exhaust device can be discharged into the air cooling mechanical tower 8 through the condensate pump 7.
Therefore, the design of the condensate pump 7 can conveniently introduce the condensate water in the hot well 4 of the steam exhaust device into the air cooling mechanical tower 8 for cooling, the risk of icing of the air cooling island 6 is avoided under the deep heat supply working condition of the unit, and the operation economy of the unit is improved by combining the cooling of the air cooling island 6 under the working condition of summer; meanwhile, by combining the technical scheme design of the second reflux pipeline 13, on one hand, the condensed water cooled by the air cooling mechanical tower 8 can be directly introduced into the steam exhaust device to be mixed with the exhaust steam for heat exchange and cooling, so that the purposes of saving energy and reducing consumption are achieved, and the effects of saving water and saving energy are particularly obvious; on the other hand can effectively improve and use water to carry out refrigerated efficiency as the thermal current medium, can reach the purpose of maintaining the low backpressure of unit fast, is showing simultaneously to have reduced the system design implementation degree of difficulty that the conventional mode of condensing of drawing steam out brought, and then is showing and reducing economic input cost.
More critically, the return line that this embodiment provided links to each other with cooling water spraying mechanism 9 to make the condensate water after the cooling of air cooling machine power tower 8 can be through cooling water spraying mechanism 9 introduction exhaust apparatus in, guarantee that the reflux condensate water has lower temperature parameter, and it is great with exhaust steam mixed heat transfer coefficient, and the heat transfer is effectual, and environmental suitability is high.
Preferably, the cooling water spraying mechanism 9 is arranged at the throat part 2 of the steam exhaust device and corresponds to the exhaust steam in the casing 3 of the steam exhaust device, so as to facilitate the sufficient heat exchange between the low-temperature condensed water and the exhaust steam; the cooling water spraying mechanism 9 provided by the embodiment comprises a plurality of nozzles communicated with the second return pipeline 13, and the plurality of nozzles are arranged at the throat part 2 of the steam exhaust device; so the backward flow condensate water can be and sprays the form in order to cover whole exhaust apparatus casing 3, and heat transfer area is high, especially can reduce the unit backpressure fast under summer operating mode, does benefit to the operation economic nature that improves the unit.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic connection diagram of a deep heat supply cold-end system of a direct air cooling unit according to an embodiment of the present invention, and according to the present invention, the present embodiment provides an operation state of the cold-end system under different working conditions:
1) when the unit operates in a pure condensation working condition, the steam exhaust butterfly valve 5 on the steam exhaust pipeline 10 is opened, exhaust steam exhausted from the steam exhaust outlet of the low-pressure cylinder 1 of the steam turbine is exhausted into the air cooling island 6 through the throat part 2 of the steam exhaust device and the casing 3 of the steam exhaust device, and condensed water cooled by the air cooling island 6 returns to the casing 3 of the steam exhaust device through the first backflow pipeline 11.
2) Under the deep heat supply working condition of the unit, the steam exhaust butterfly valve 5 on the steam exhaust pipeline 10 is closed, and the exhaust steam exhausted from the steam exhaust outlet of the low-pressure cylinder 1 of the steam turbine passes through the throat part 2 of the steam exhaust device and exchanges heat with cooling water sprayed by the cooling water spraying mechanism 9 to form condensed water and flows into the hot well 4 of the steam exhaust device; the condensate water of the hot well 4 of the steam exhaust device is discharged into the air cooling mechanical tower 8 through the condensate pump 7, after the heat exchange between the air in the air cooling mechanical tower 8 and the condensate water in the pipe is carried out, the cooled condensate water is reduced in temperature, then the condensate water flows back to the steam exhaust device through the second backflow pipeline 13, the condensate water and the steam are mixed and heat exchanged in the throat part 2 of the steam exhaust device through a plurality of nozzles, and the condensate water continuously falls into the hot well 4 of the steam exhaust device after the steam is condensed, so that the circulating cooling is realized.
3) The unit is under the non-deep heat supply operating mode, and the steam extraction volume of the low pressure cylinder 1 steam extraction export is great, satisfies the minimum steam volume requirement of air cooling island 6, and air cooling island 6 grouping control puts into operation, and the operation is unanimous with pure congealing operation operating mode.
4) The unit is at summer operating mode, ambient temperature is high, the unit backpressure is difficult to guarantee, open exhaust butterfly valve 5 and drainage pipe 12 water-feeding pump on exhaust pipeline 10 to make steam drop into air cooling mechanical power tower 8 in the condensation in air cooling island 6, open air cooling island 6 and air cooling mechanical power tower 8 in other words and condense low pressure cylinder 1 row of vapour simultaneously, reach the effect that reduces the unit backpressure, maintain the low backpressure of unit rapidly, improve the operation economy of unit.
From the above, the deep heat supply cold end system of the direct air cooling unit in the embodiment can effectively solve the problem that the risk of freezing the air cooling island 6 is prevented while the capacity of maintaining the low back pressure of the unit is achieved during deep heat supply, on one hand, the cooling technology of the air cooling island 6 and the cooling technology of the air cooling mechanical tower 8 are combined, so that the requirement that the unit maintains the necessary cold end back pressure under the maximum heat supply amount is met, and meanwhile, under the deep heat supply working condition, the air cooling island 6 can be removed through the steam exhaust valve to be cooled through the air cooling mechanical tower 8, the risk of freezing the air cooling island 6 is fundamentally and thoroughly prevented, and the safety and reliability of the unit in operation under different working conditions are enhanced; on the other hand, compared with the traditional design, the system has the advantages that the water is used as a heat flow medium, the system is small in pipeline specification and low in space requirement, the whole system occupies a small area, the design difficulty of the pipeline system is low, and the technical problems that the traditional cold end system is complex in pipeline, high in fault rate in operation and large in investment can be effectively solved; meanwhile, the cooling water spraying mechanism 9 is directly connected with the air cooling mechanical tower 8 so as to introduce the condensed water cooled by the air cooling mechanical tower 8 into the steam exhaust device to be mixed with the exhaust steam for heat exchange and cooling, the purposes of saving energy and reducing consumption can be achieved, and the effects of saving water and saving energy are particularly obvious.
In conclusion, the deep heat supply cold end system of the direct air cooling unit can effectively achieve the capacity of maintaining the low back pressure of the unit under different working conditions by only adding the air cooling mechanical tower 8 and the cooling water spraying mechanism 9, effectively prevents the risk of icing of the air cooling island 6, has the advantages of low cost, good effect and short implementation period, particularly has the advantage of convenience in upgrading and transforming the heat supply of the old unit, can meet the requirement of maintaining the necessary cold end back pressure of the unit under the maximum heat supply amount, can be used as a peak cooler when the unit is in pure condensation operation in summer, effectively reduces the running back pressure of the unit, solves the problem of summer degree of the unit, improves the economy of the unit, and has good application prospect and popularization and use value.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a direct air cooling unit degree of depth heat supply cold end system which characterized in that: comprises that
The low-pressure cylinder is provided with a steam exhaust outlet and is used for exhausting the dead steam of the steam turbine;
the steam exhaust device is connected with the steam exhaust outlet so that exhaust steam can enter the steam exhaust device;
the cooling water spraying mechanism is arranged in the steam exhaust device so that cooling water can exchange heat with exhaust steam in the steam exhaust device and form condensed water;
the air cooling island is connected with the steam exhaust device through a steam exhaust pipeline so that exhaust steam in the steam exhaust device can be exhausted into the air cooling island for cooling, and a steam exhaust valve is arranged on the steam exhaust pipeline;
and the air cooling mechanical tower is connected with the steam exhaust device through a drainage pipeline so that condensed water in the steam exhaust device can be discharged into the air cooling mechanical tower to be cooled.
2. The deep heat supply cold end system of the direct air cooling unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: the steam exhaust device is provided with a steam exhaust device shell, a steam exhaust device throat part positioned at the top of the steam exhaust device shell and a steam exhaust device hot well positioned at the lower part of the steam exhaust device shell, the steam exhaust outlet is connected with the steam exhaust device throat part, and condensed water formed in the steam exhaust device can flow into the steam exhaust device hot well.
3. The deep heat supply cold end system of the direct air cooling unit according to claim 2, characterized in that: the steam exhaust pipeline is connected with a steam exhaust port on the casing of the steam exhaust device, and the drainage pipeline is connected with a drainage port at the bottom of a hot well of the steam exhaust device.
4. The deep heat supply cold end system of the direct air cooling unit according to claim 3, characterized in that: and the steam exhaust valve on the steam exhaust pipeline is a butterfly valve.
5. The deep heat supply cold end system of the direct air cooling unit according to claim 2, characterized in that: the air cooling island is provided with a first return pipeline connected with the steam exhaust device, so that condensed water cooled by the air cooling island can enter the steam exhaust device through the first return pipeline and flow into a hot well of the steam exhaust device.
6. The deep heat supply cold end system of the direct air cooling unit according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: and a condensate pump is arranged on the drainage pipeline so that the condensate in the hot well of the steam exhaust device can be discharged into the air cooling mechanical tower through the condensate pump.
7. The deep heat supply cold end system of the direct air cooling unit according to claim 6, characterized in that: and the air cooling mechanical tower is provided with a second reflux pipeline connected with the steam exhaust device, so that condensed water cooled by the air cooling mechanical tower can enter the steam exhaust device through the second reflux pipeline and flows into a hot well of the steam exhaust device after mixed heat exchange with dead steam.
8. The deep heat supply cold end system of the direct air cooling unit according to claim 7, characterized in that: and the cooling water spraying mechanism is connected with the second return pipeline.
9. The deep heat supply cold end system of the direct air cooling unit according to claim 8, wherein: the cooling water spraying mechanism is arranged at the throat part of the steam exhaust device and corresponds to the exhaust steam in the shell of the steam exhaust device.
10. The deep heat supply cold end system of the direct air cooling unit according to claim 9, characterized in that: the cooling water spraying mechanism comprises a plurality of nozzles communicated with the second return pipeline and is arranged at the throat part of the steam exhaust device.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN113983452A (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2022-01-28 | 杭州中能汽轮动力有限公司 | Parallel peak cooling air-cooled steam turbine generator unit and condensing method |
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