CN112344203A - Double-layer liquid hydrogen spherical tank for-253-DEG C low-temperature environment - Google Patents
Double-layer liquid hydrogen spherical tank for-253-DEG C low-temperature environment Download PDFInfo
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- CN112344203A CN112344203A CN202011355923.0A CN202011355923A CN112344203A CN 112344203 A CN112344203 A CN 112344203A CN 202011355923 A CN202011355923 A CN 202011355923A CN 112344203 A CN112344203 A CN 112344203A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
- F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
- F17C3/08—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation by vacuum spaces, e.g. Dewar flask
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/04—Arrangement or mounting of valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/01—Shape
- F17C2201/0128—Shape spherical or elliptical
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/01—Shape
- F17C2201/0176—Shape variable
- F17C2201/0195—Shape variable with bellows
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
- F17C2203/0391—Thermal insulations by vacuum
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
- F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
- F17C2205/0323—Valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
- F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
- F17C2205/0352—Pipes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
- F17C2221/012—Hydrogen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2223/0107—Single phase
- F17C2223/013—Single phase liquid
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
- F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
- F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
- F17C2250/0447—Composition; Humidity
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02P90/45—Hydrogen technologies in production processes
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a double-layer liquid hydrogen spherical tank used in a low-temperature environment of-253 ℃, which comprises: the device comprises an outer container and an inner container, an exhaust pipe hermetically extends into a vacuum interlayer, an inflation-exhaust pipe, a liquid hydrogen filling pipe, a circulating hydrogen outlet pipe and a circulating hydrogen inlet pipe are arranged in the vacuum interlayer of the inner container and the outer container, one end of the inflation-exhaust pipe hermetically extends into a cavity of the inner container, the other end of the inflation-exhaust pipe hermetically extends out of the outer container, the circulating hydrogen outlet pipe with a first valve extends out of the outer container and is communicated with the circulating hydrogen inlet pipe with a third valve extending out of the outer container through a low-temperature adsorption system, a first purging pipe with a second valve is arranged on the circulating hydrogen inlet pipe between the first valve and an outlet of the circulating hydrogen inlet pipe, a second purging pipe is arranged on the circulating hydrogen outlet pipe between the third valve and an inlet of the circulating hydrogen outlet pipe, and a fourth valve is. The structure can realize the requirements of filling, discharging, inflating, exhausting, heating, adsorbing impurities and purging the cavity of the inner container.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of liquid hydrogen storage tanks, in particular to a double-layer liquid hydrogen spherical tank used in a low-temperature environment of-253 ℃.
Background
Although the liquefaction of hydrogen is a mature technology, the liquefaction cost of hydrogen is increased and the storage and transportation of liquid hydrogen are difficult due to the special physical properties of hydrogen, such as joule-thomson transition temperature, low boiling point (20.4K), exothermic liquid n-sec spontaneous conversion, and the like.
The liquid hydrogen storage tank mainly comprises a spherical storage tank (also called a spherical tank) and a cylindrical storage tank, and compared with the cylindrical storage tank, the spherical storage tank has the smallest surface area under the same volume and the same pressure, so that the steel area required by the spherical tank is small; under the condition of the same diameter, the internal stress of the spherical tank wall is minimum and uniform, so that the bearing capacity of the spherical tank is twice as large as that of the cylindrical storage tank, and the thickness of the spherical tank is only half of the thickness of the wall plate of the corresponding cylindrical storage tank. At present, most of domestic single-wall spherical tanks are single-wall spherical tanks, the technology of double-layer spherical tanks is not mature, and the structure of the double-layer spherical tanks is still in an exploration stage.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: the double-layer liquid hydrogen spherical tank is simple in structure, and can fill, discharge, inflate, exhaust, heat, adsorb impurities and purge the cavity of the inner container in a low-temperature environment of 253 ℃ below zero.
In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the double-layer liquid hydrogen spherical tank for the low-temperature environment of-253 ℃ comprises: the inner container is suspended in the cavity of the outer container, a vacuum interlayer is formed between the outer wall of the inner container and the inner wall of the outer container, and a plurality of groups of supporting structures for supporting the inner container and the outer container together are arranged on the inner container and the outer container; the bottom of the outer container is provided with a first lower through hole, a second lower through hole, a third lower through hole, a fourth lower through hole and a fifth lower through hole at intervals, which are communicated with the cavity of the outer container, the top of the inner container is provided with a first upper through hole, a second upper through hole and a third upper through hole at intervals, which are communicated with the cavity of the inner container, and the bottom of the inner container is provided with a sixth lower through hole; the bottom opening of the inflation-exhaust pipe is positioned outside the outer container, the height of the bottom opening of the inflation-exhaust pipe is higher than that of the top of the outer container, the top opening of the inflation-exhaust pipe penetrates through the first lower through hole in a sealing mode, then is guided to the top of the inner container along the vacuum interlayer, penetrates through the first upper through hole in a sealing mode and then extends into the top of the cavity of the inner container; an inlet of the liquid hydrogen filling pipe is positioned outside the outer container, an outlet of the liquid hydrogen filling pipe penetrates through the second lower through hole in a sealing manner, then is guided to the top of the inner container along the vacuum interlayer, penetrates through the second upper through hole in a sealing manner, and then extends into the top of a cavity of the inner container; the inlet of the circulating hydrogen outlet pipe is positioned outside the outer container, the outlet of the circulating hydrogen outlet pipe penetrates through the third lower through hole in a sealing manner, then is guided to the top of the inner container along the vacuum interlayer, and penetrates through the third upper through hole in a sealing manner and then extends into the top of the cavity of the inner container; the outlet of the circulating hydrogen inlet pipe is positioned outside the outer container, and the inlet of the circulating hydrogen inlet pipe penetrates through the fourth lower through hole and the sixth lower through hole in a sealing mode in sequence and then extends into the bottom of the cavity of the inner container; the outlet of the circulating hydrogen inlet pipe is hermetically communicated with the inlet of an adsorption pipe in the low-temperature adsorption system with heating and adsorption functions, a first valve is arranged on the circulating hydrogen inlet pipe positioned outside the outer container, a first purging pipe is arranged on the circulating hydrogen inlet pipe between the first valve and the outlet of the circulating hydrogen inlet pipe, and a second valve is arranged on the first purging pipe; the inlet of the circulating hydrogen outlet pipe is hermetically communicated with the outlet of an adsorption pipe in the low-temperature adsorption system with heating and adsorption functions, a third valve is arranged on the circulating hydrogen outlet pipe positioned outside the outer container, a second purging pipe is arranged on the circulating hydrogen outlet pipe between the third valve and the inlet of the circulating hydrogen outlet pipe, and a fourth valve is arranged on the second purging pipe; the air outlet of the air exhaust pipe is positioned outside the outer container, and the air inlet of the air exhaust pipe hermetically penetrates through the fifth lower through hole and then extends into the vacuum interlayer.
Further, the double-layer liquid hydrogen spherical tank for the low-temperature environment of-253 ℃ is characterized in that an inflation-exhaust pipe, a liquid hydrogen filling pipe, a circulating hydrogen outlet pipe, a circulating hydrogen inlet pipe, an exhaust pipe, a first purging pipe and a second purging pipe which are positioned outside the outer container are of a double-pipe structure with a vacuum interlayer.
Further, the double-layer liquid hydrogen spherical tank for the low-temperature environment of-253 ℃ comprises a first lower through hole, a second lower through hole, a third lower through hole, a fourth lower through hole and a fifth lower through hole which are all located on the left hemisphere of the outer container, and a first upper through hole, a second upper through hole, a third upper through hole and a sixth lower through hole which are all located on the left hemisphere of the inner container.
Further, the double-layer liquid hydrogen spherical tank for the low-temperature environment of 253 ℃ below zero is characterized in that the bottom of the outer container is provided with a first lower connecting through hole, a second lower connecting through hole, a third lower connecting through hole, a fourth lower connecting through hole and a fifth lower connecting through hole at intervals, which are communicated with the cavity of the outer container, the top of the inner container is provided with an upper connecting through hole communicated with the cavity of the inner container, the middle section of the inner container is provided with a first middle through hole and a second middle through hole at intervals from top to bottom, which are communicated with the cavity of the inner container, and the bottom of the inner container is provided with a lower connecting through hole communicated with the cavity of the;
the first lower connecting through hole, the second lower connecting through hole, the third lower connecting through hole, the fourth lower connecting through hole and the fifth lower connecting through hole are positioned on the right hemisphere of the outer container, and the upper connecting through hole, the first middle through hole, the second middle through hole and the lower connecting through hole are positioned on the right hemisphere of the inner container;
the bottom opening of the upper liquid level pipe is positioned outside the outer container, the top opening of the upper liquid level pipe penetrates through the first lower connecting through hole in a sealing manner and then is led to the top of the inner container along the vacuum interlayer, and the top opening of the upper liquid level pipe penetrates through the upper connecting through hole in a sealing manner and then extends into the top of the cavity of the inner container; the bottom opening of the first middle liquid level pipe is positioned outside the outer container, the top opening of the first middle liquid level pipe penetrates through the second lower connecting through hole in a sealing mode, then is guided to the middle section of the inner container along the vacuum interlayer, penetrates through the first middle through hole in a sealing mode and then extends into the cavity of the inner container; the bottom opening of the second middle liquid level pipe is positioned outside the outer container, the top opening of the second middle liquid level pipe penetrates through the third lower connecting through hole in a sealing manner, then is guided to the middle section of the inner container along the vacuum interlayer, penetrates through the second middle through hole in a sealing manner and then extends into the cavity of the inner container; the lower connecting through hole is respectively communicated with the fluid analysis tube and the lower liquid level tube, and the fluid analysis tube hermetically penetrates through the fourth lower connecting through hole, extends out of the outer container and is connected with a measuring instrument; the lower liquid level pipe penetrates through the fifth lower connecting through hole in a sealing mode and then extends out of the outer container.
Further, the double-layer liquid hydrogen spherical tank for the low-temperature environment of-253 ℃ is characterized in that the upper liquid level pipe, the first middle liquid level pipe, the second middle liquid level pipe, the fluid analysis pipe and the lower liquid level pipe which are positioned outside the outer container are all double-pipe structures with vacuum interlayers.
Further, in the above-mentioned double-layer liquid hydrogen spherical tank for a low-temperature environment of-253 ℃, the fluid analysis tube, the lower liquid level tube and the circulating hydrogen inlet tube which are positioned in the vacuum interlayer are all in a spiral structure which is roundly and reciprocally wound from one end to the other end.
Further, the lower end of the measuring column with the liquid level meter sequentially penetrates through the connecting part at the connecting port at the top of the outer container, the connecting port at the top of the inner container, the connecting port at the bottom of the inner container and the connecting part at the connecting port at the bottom of the outer container in a sealing manner and then extends out of the bottom of the outer container, and the axis of the measuring column is overlapped with the vertical central line of the inner container; a plurality of temperature sensors are arranged on the measuring column in the cavity of the inner container.
Further, the double-layer liquid hydrogen spherical tank for the low-temperature environment of 253 ℃ below zero is characterized in that a circular truncated cone-shaped supporting seat is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the inner container at the connecting port at the bottom of the inner container, the diameter of the upper end of the circular truncated cone-shaped supporting seat is smaller than that of the lower end of the circular truncated cone-shaped supporting seat, and the measuring column is hermetically inserted into a central through hole of the circular truncated cone-shaped supporting seat.
Further, the double-layer liquid hydrogen spherical tank for the low-temperature environment of-253 ℃ has the specific structure that the connecting part at the connecting port at the bottom of the outer container is as follows: the connecting pipe of double-barrelled structure embolias from measuring the toe portion, the connecting pipe bottom is connected the fixed part through down and is sealed fixed in on the outer wall of measuring toe portion, and form the cavity intermediate layer between connecting pipe inner wall and the measuring column outer wall, the cover is equipped with the bellows on the connecting pipe, the bellows top is connected the fixed part through last and is sealed fixed in on the connecting pipe outer wall, bellows bottom is through outer container connecting portion sealed fixed connection on outer container bottom connector, and leave the clearance between bellows inner wall and the connecting pipe outer wall.
Further, the double-layer liquid hydrogen spherical tank is used in a low-temperature environment of-253 ℃, wherein the measuring column is of a double-pipe structure consisting of an inner pipe and an outer pipe.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the structure is simple, and the requirements of filling, discharging, inflating, exhausting, heating, impurity adsorption, purging of the cavity of the inner container and the like can be met; an inflation-exhaust pipe, a liquid hydrogen filling pipe, a circulating hydrogen outlet pipe, a circulating hydrogen inlet pipe, an exhaust pipe, a first purging pipe, a second purging pipe, an upper liquid level pipe, a first middle liquid level pipe, a second middle liquid level pipe, a fluid analysis pipe and a lower liquid level pipe which are positioned outside the outer container are designed into a double-pipe structure with a vacuum interlayer, so that the heat insulation effect is achieved, and the heat leakage quantity of the double-layer liquid hydrogen spherical tank is reduced; thirdly, designing the fluid analysis tube, the lower liquid level tube and the circulating hydrogen inlet tube which are positioned in the vacuum interlayer into a spiral structure which is roundly reciprocated from one end to the other end, and increasing the temperature gradient in a distance increasing mode so as to reduce the external heat conduction; and fourthly, the deformation of the large container caused by normal temperature to low temperature can be buffered through the deformation of the corrugated pipe in the specific structural design of the connecting part at the connecting port at the bottom of the outer container, and the safety and stability service performance of the double-layer liquid hydrogen spherical tank are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a double-layer liquid hydrogen spherical tank used in a low-temperature environment of-253 ℃.
Fig. 2 is a partially enlarged schematic view of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a partially enlarged schematic view of another portion of fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a detailed structural diagram of a connection part at a connection port at the bottom of the outer container in fig. 1.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.
Example one
The double-layer liquid hydrogen spherical tank for the low-temperature environment of 253 ℃ below zero in the embodiment comprises: the device comprises a spherical outer container 1 with a cavity and a spherical inner container 2 with a cavity, wherein the inner container 2 is suspended in the cavity of the outer container 1, a vacuum interlayer 100 is formed between the outer wall of the inner container 2 and the inner wall of the outer container 1, and a plurality of groups of supporting structures for supporting the inner container 2 and the outer container 1 together are arranged on the inner container 2 and the outer container 1. The spherical tank is provided with a hydrogenation pipe for leading out the liquid hydrogen in the inner container 2, and when the liquid hydrogen in the spherical tank needs to be used, the liquid hydrogen in the inner container 2 can be led out through the hydrogenation pipe.
As shown in fig. 2, a first lower through hole 65, a second lower through hole 66, a third lower through hole 68, a fourth lower through hole 69 and a fifth lower through hole 67 which are communicated with the cavity of the outer container 1 are provided at intervals at the bottom of the outer container 1, a first upper through hole 61, a second upper through hole 62 and a third upper through hole 63 which are communicated with the cavity of the inner container 2 are provided at intervals at the top of the inner container 2, and a sixth lower through hole 64 is provided at the bottom of the inner container 2.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, in the present embodiment, the bottom opening of the gas-filled exhaust pipe 31 is located outside the outer container 1, and the bottom opening of the gas-filled exhaust pipe 31 is higher than the top of the outer container, and the top opening of the gas-filled exhaust pipe 31 is sealed through the first lower through hole 65, then guided to the top of the inner container 2 along the vacuum interlayer 100, and sealed through the first upper through hole 61, and then extended into the top of the cavity of the inner container 2. The provision of the gassing-off tube 31 serves to ensure safe storage of the cryogenic medium in the inner vessel 2, to vent excess vapour when the pressure in the inner vessel 2 is excessive, and to provide a gassing function in special conditions. During normal use of the spherical tank, the bottom opening of the inflation-exhaust pipe 31 is in a normally closed state.
The inlet of the liquid hydrogen filling pipe 32 is positioned outside the outer container 1, the outlet of the liquid hydrogen filling pipe 32 penetrates through the second lower through hole 66 in a sealing mode, then is guided to the top of the inner container 2 along the vacuum interlayer 100, penetrates through the second upper through hole 62 in a sealing mode and then extends into the top of the cavity of the inner container 2. The liquid hydrogen filler pipe 32 is provided for filling of liquid hydrogen. After the spherical tank is filled, the inlet of the liquid hydrogen filling pipe 32 is in a normally closed state.
The inlet of the circulating hydrogen outlet pipe 33 is positioned outside the outer container 1, the outlet of the circulating hydrogen outlet pipe 33 is hermetically led to the top of the inner container 2 along the vacuum interlayer 100 after passing through the third lower through hole 68, and is hermetically extended into the top of the cavity of the inner container 2 after passing through the third upper through hole 63. The outlet of the circulating hydrogen inlet pipe 35 is positioned outside the outer container 1, and the inlet of the circulating hydrogen inlet pipe 35 penetrates through the fourth lower through hole 69 and the sixth lower through hole 64 in a sealing mode in sequence and then extends into the bottom of the cavity of the inner container 2. The outlet of the circulating hydrogen inlet pipe 35 is in sealed communication with the inlet of the adsorption pipe 36 in the cryoadsorption system 361 having heating and adsorption functions, the circulating hydrogen inlet pipe 35 located outside the outer container 1 is provided with a first valve 41, the circulating hydrogen inlet pipe 35 between the first valve 41 and the outlet of the circulating hydrogen inlet pipe 35 is provided with a first purge pipe 37, and the first purge pipe 37 is provided with a second valve 42. The inlet of the circulating hydrogen outlet pipe 33 is in sealed communication with the outlet of the adsorption pipe 36 in the cryoadsorption system 361 having the heating and adsorption functions, the circulating hydrogen outlet pipe 33 located outside the outer container 1 is provided with a third valve 43, the circulating hydrogen outlet pipe 33 between the third valve 43 and the inlet of the circulating hydrogen outlet pipe 33 is provided with a second purge pipe 38, and the second purge pipe 38 is provided with a fourth valve 44.
In the normal use process of the spherical tank, the first valve 41, the second valve 42, the third valve 43 and the fourth valve 44 are all in a closed state. In the liquid hydrogen state, other impurities in the liquid hydrogen are in a solid state, and potential safety hazards exist due to excessive impurities, so that after the spherical tank is used for a period of time, the first valve 41 and the third valve 43 need to be opened, the second valve 42 and the fourth valve 44 are still in a closed state, at this time, the impurities precipitated at the bottom of the inner cavity of the inner container 2 enter the low-temperature adsorption system 361 together with the liquid hydrogen through the circulating hydrogen inlet pipe 35, the impurities are filtered when passing through the adsorption pipe 36, and the filtered liquid hydrogen enters the top of the cavity of the inner container 2 through the circulating hydrogen outlet pipe 33 and returns to the cavity of the inner container 2 again.
When the cavity of the inner container 2 is purged, the cryoadsorption system 361 does not operate, and the first valve 41, the second valve 42, the third valve 43, and the fourth valve 44 are all in an open state. And introducing nitrogen into the first purging pipe 37, discharging the nitrogen after passing through the first purging pipe 37, the circulating hydrogen inlet pipe 35, the cavity of the inner container 2, the circulating hydrogen outlet pipe 33 and the second purging pipe 38, and introducing pure hydrogen for replacement after cleaning.
The air suction opening of the air suction pipe 34 is positioned outside the outer container 1, and the air inlet of the air suction pipe 34 penetrates through the fifth lower through hole 67 in a sealing mode and then extends into the vacuum interlayer 100. Before the vacuum interlayer 100 between the inner container 2 and the outer container 1 is vacuumized, the evacuation port of the evacuation tube 34 is connected to a vacuum evacuation device, and the vacuum evacuation device is started to perform the vacuum evacuation operation. During normal use of the spherical tank, the suction opening of the suction pipe 34 is in a normally closed state.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in the present embodiment, the inflation-exhaust pipe 31, the liquid hydrogen filling pipe 32, the circulating hydrogen outlet pipe 33, the circulating hydrogen inlet pipe 35, the exhaust pipe 34, the first purging pipe 37, and the second purging pipe 38 located outside the outer container are all double-pipe structures with vacuum interlayers, and the double-pipe structures with vacuum interlayers play a role in heat insulation and reduce the heat leakage amount of the spherical tank. The circulating hydrogen inlet pipe 35 in the vacuum interlayer 100 has a spiral structure that is formed to be able to go around from one end to the other end, and the external heat conduction is reduced by increasing the temperature gradient by increasing the distance from one end to the other end.
Example two
The present embodiment is further designed based on the first embodiment.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in the present embodiment, the first lower through hole 65, the second lower through hole 66, the third lower through hole 68, the fourth lower through hole 69, and the fifth lower through hole 67 are all located on the left hemisphere of the outer container 1, and the first upper through hole 61, the second upper through hole 62, the third upper through hole 63, and the sixth lower through hole 64 are all located on the left hemisphere of the inner container 2.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a first lower connecting through hole 75, a second lower connecting through hole 76, a third lower connecting through hole 77, a fourth lower connecting through hole 79 and a fifth lower connecting through hole 78 which are communicated with the cavity of the outer container 1 are formed at intervals at the bottom of the outer container 1, an upper connecting through hole 71 which is communicated with the cavity of the inner container 2 is formed at the top of the inner container 2, a first middle through hole 72 and a second middle through hole 73 which are communicated with the cavity of the inner container 2 are formed at intervals from top to bottom at the middle section of the inner container 2, and a lower connecting through hole 74 which is communicated with the cavity of the inner container 2 is formed at the bottom of the inner container 2.
The first lower connecting through hole 75, the second lower connecting through hole 76, the third lower connecting through hole 77, the fourth lower connecting through hole 79 and the fifth lower connecting through hole 78 are located on the right hemisphere of the outer container 1, and the upper connecting through hole 71, the first middle through hole 72, the second middle through hole 73 and the lower connecting through hole 74 are located on the right hemisphere of the inner container 2.
The bottom opening of the upper liquid level tube 51 is positioned outside the outer container 1, the top opening of the upper liquid level tube 51 is hermetically led to the top of the inner container 2 along the vacuum interlayer 100 after passing through the first lower connecting through hole 75, and is hermetically extended into the top of the cavity of the inner container 2 after passing through the upper connecting through hole 71. The upper level pipe 51 can be used to supply the inner vessel 2 with an upper medium level and also to determine the level of the liquid in the inner vessel 2. When the upper liquid level pipe 51 is in an unused state, the bottom opening of the upper liquid level pipe 51 is in a normally closed state.
The bottom opening of the first middle liquid level pipe 52 is positioned outside the outer container 1, the top opening of the first middle liquid level pipe 52 penetrates through the second lower connecting through hole 76 in a sealing mode, then is guided to the middle section of the inner container 2 along the vacuum interlayer 100, penetrates through the first middle through hole 72 in a sealing mode and then extends into the cavity of the inner container 2. The medium at the upper intermediate level can be supplied to the inner vessel 2 via the first intermediate level pipe 52, and the liquid level in the inner vessel 2 can also be determined roughly. When the first middle fluid level pipe 52 is in the unused state, the bottom opening of the first middle fluid level pipe 52 is in the normally closed state.
The bottom opening of the second middle liquid level pipe 53 is positioned outside the outer container 1, the top opening of the second middle liquid level pipe 53 penetrates through the third lower connecting through hole 77 in a sealing mode, then is guided to the middle section of the inner container 2 along the vacuum interlayer 100, penetrates through the second middle through hole 73 in a sealing mode and then extends into the cavity of the inner container 2. The medium at the lower middle level can be supplied to the inner container 2 via the second middle level pipe 53, and the liquid level in the inner container 2 can also be determined roughly. When the second middle liquid level pipe 53 is in an unused state, the bottom opening of the second middle liquid level pipe 53 is in a normally closed state.
The lower connecting through-hole 74 is respectively communicated with the fluid analyzing tube 55 and the lower liquid level tube 54, the fluid analyzing tube 55 is hermetically passed through the fourth lower connecting through-hole 79 and then extended outside the outer container 1 to be connected to a measuring instrument, and the fluid analyzing tube 55 can be connected to a measuring instrument for composition detection and a measuring instrument for detection of the content of orthohydrogen in liquid hydrogen. The lower liquid level tube 54 is sealed through the fifth lower connecting through hole 78 and extends out of the outer container 1. The lower level of medium can be supplied to inner container 2 via lower level tube 54 and the level of liquid in inner container 2 can be determined roughly. When the lower fluid level pipe 54 is in an unused state, the bottom opening of the lower fluid level pipe 54 is in a normally closed state.
In this embodiment, the upper liquid level pipe 51, the first middle liquid level pipe 52, the second middle liquid level pipe 53, the fluid analysis pipe 55 and the lower liquid level pipe 54 located outside the outer container 1 are all double-pipe structures with vacuum interlayers, and the double-pipe structures with the vacuum interlayers play a role in heat insulation and reduce the heat leakage amount of the spherical tank. The fluid analysis tube and the lower liquid level tube which are positioned in the vacuum interlayer are both spiral structures which are roundly and reciprocally arranged from one end to the other end. The temperature gradient is increased by increasing the distance from one end to the other end of the structure which roundly reciprocates left and right, so that the external heat conduction is reduced.
EXAMPLE III
The present embodiment is further designed based on the first embodiment or the second embodiment.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in the present embodiment, the lower end of the measuring column 4 with the liquid level meter is sealed and passes through the connecting part 42 at the connecting port at the top of the outer container, the connecting port at the top of the inner container, the connecting port at the bottom of the inner container, and the connecting part 8 at the connecting port at the bottom of the outer container 11, and then extends out of the bottom of the outer container 1, and the axis of the measuring column 4 is overlapped with the vertical central line of the inner; a number of temperature sensors are arranged on the measuring cylinder 4 in the cavity of the inner vessel 2. The temperature sensors are usually arranged on the measuring column 4 from top to bottom in pairs at intervals to improve the accuracy of temperature detection at each position.
As shown in fig. 2, in this embodiment, a circular truncated cone-shaped supporting seat 41 is fixedly disposed on the inner wall of the inner container at the connecting port at the bottom of the inner container, the diameter of the upper end of the circular truncated cone-shaped supporting seat 41 is smaller than the diameter of the lower end of the circular truncated cone-shaped supporting seat, and the measuring column 4 is hermetically inserted into the central through hole of the circular truncated cone-shaped supporting seat 41. The circular truncated cone-shaped supporting seat 41 can provide a supporting function for the measuring column 4. In this embodiment, the measuring column 4 has a double-tube structure composed of an inner tube 401 and an outer tube 402.
As shown in fig. 4, the specific structure of the connecting part 8 at the connecting port at the bottom of the outer container is as follows: the connecting pipe 82 of double-barrelled structure embolias from measuring post 4 bottom, connecting pipe 82 bottom is connected fixed portion 81 through down and is sealed fixed in on the outer wall of measuring post 4 bottom, and form cavity intermediate layer 80 between the inner wall of connecting pipe 82 and the outer wall of measuring post 4, the cover is equipped with bellows 84 on connecting pipe 82, the top of bellows 84 is connected fixed in on the outer wall of connecting pipe 82 through last connection fixed portion 83 is sealed, the bottom of bellows 84 is passed through outer container connecting portion 85 sealed fixed connection in outer container bottom connector 11, and leave the clearance between the inner wall of bellows 84 and the outer wall of connecting pipe 82. The deformation of the corrugated pipe 84 can buffer the deformation of the large container caused by normal temperature to low temperature, and the safety and stability of the spherical tank can be improved.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, but any modifications or equivalent variations made in accordance with the technical spirit of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention as claimed.
The invention has the advantages that: the structure is simple, and the requirements of filling, discharging, inflating, exhausting, heating, impurity adsorption, purging the cavity of the inner container 2 and the like can be met; an inflation-exhaust pipe 31, a liquid hydrogen filling pipe 32, a circulating hydrogen outlet pipe 33, a circulating hydrogen inlet pipe 35, an air exhaust pipe 34, a first blowing pipe 37, a second blowing pipe 38, an upper liquid level pipe 51, a first middle liquid level pipe 52, a second middle liquid level pipe 53, a fluid analysis pipe 55 and a lower liquid level pipe 54 which are positioned outside the outer container 1 are designed into a double-pipe structure with a vacuum interlayer, so that the heat insulation effect is achieved, and the heat leakage quantity of the double-layer liquid hydrogen spherical tank is reduced; thirdly, the fluid analysis tube 55, the lower liquid level tube 54 and the circulating hydrogen inlet tube 35 which are positioned in the vacuum interlayer 100 are all designed into a spiral structure which is roundly reciprocated from one end to the other end, and the temperature gradient is increased by increasing the distance, so that the external heat conduction is reduced; and fourthly, the deformation of the large container caused by normal temperature to low temperature can be buffered through the deformation of the corrugated pipe 84 in the specific structural design of the connecting part 8 at the connecting port at the bottom of the outer container, and the safety and stability service performance of the double-layer liquid hydrogen spherical tank are improved.
Claims (10)
1. A two-layer liquid hydrogen spherical tank for a low temperature environment of-253 ℃, comprising: the inner container is suspended in the cavity of the outer container, a vacuum interlayer is formed between the outer wall of the inner container and the inner wall of the outer container, and a plurality of groups of supporting structures for supporting the inner container and the outer container together are arranged on the inner container and the outer container; the method is characterized in that: the bottom of the outer container is provided with a first lower through hole, a second lower through hole, a third lower through hole, a fourth lower through hole and a fifth lower through hole at intervals, which are communicated with the cavity of the outer container, the top of the inner container is provided with a first upper through hole, a second upper through hole and a third upper through hole at intervals, which are communicated with the cavity of the inner container, and the bottom of the inner container is provided with a sixth lower through hole; the bottom opening of the inflation-exhaust pipe is positioned outside the outer container, the height of the bottom opening of the inflation-exhaust pipe is higher than that of the top of the outer container, the top opening of the inflation-exhaust pipe penetrates through the first lower through hole in a sealing mode, then is guided to the top of the inner container along the vacuum interlayer, penetrates through the first upper through hole in a sealing mode and then extends into the top of the cavity of the inner container; an inlet of the liquid hydrogen filling pipe is positioned outside the outer container, an outlet of the liquid hydrogen filling pipe penetrates through the second lower through hole in a sealing manner, then is guided to the top of the inner container along the vacuum interlayer, penetrates through the second upper through hole in a sealing manner, and then extends into the top of a cavity of the inner container; the inlet of the circulating hydrogen outlet pipe is positioned outside the outer container, the outlet of the circulating hydrogen outlet pipe penetrates through the third lower through hole in a sealing manner, then is guided to the top of the inner container along the vacuum interlayer, and penetrates through the third upper through hole in a sealing manner and then extends into the top of the cavity of the inner container; the outlet of the circulating hydrogen inlet pipe is positioned outside the outer container, and the inlet of the circulating hydrogen inlet pipe penetrates through the fourth lower through hole and the sixth lower through hole in a sealing mode in sequence and then extends into the bottom of the cavity of the inner container; the outlet of the circulating hydrogen inlet pipe is hermetically communicated with the inlet of an adsorption pipe in the low-temperature adsorption system with heating and adsorption functions, a first valve is arranged on the circulating hydrogen inlet pipe positioned outside the outer container, a first purging pipe is arranged on the circulating hydrogen inlet pipe between the first valve and the outlet of the circulating hydrogen inlet pipe, and a second valve is arranged on the first purging pipe; the inlet of the circulating hydrogen outlet pipe is hermetically communicated with the outlet of an adsorption pipe in the low-temperature adsorption system with heating and adsorption functions, a third valve is arranged on the circulating hydrogen outlet pipe positioned outside the outer container, a second purging pipe is arranged on the circulating hydrogen outlet pipe between the third valve and the inlet of the circulating hydrogen outlet pipe, and a fourth valve is arranged on the second purging pipe; the air outlet of the air exhaust pipe is positioned outside the outer container, and the air inlet of the air exhaust pipe hermetically penetrates through the fifth lower through hole and then extends into the vacuum interlayer.
2. The double-layer liquid hydrogen spherical tank for the low-temperature environment of-253 ℃ according to claim 1, wherein: the inflation-exhaust pipe, the liquid hydrogen filling pipe, the circulating hydrogen outlet pipe, the circulating hydrogen inlet pipe, the exhaust pipe, the first purging pipe and the second purging pipe which are positioned outside the outer container are of double-pipe structures with vacuum interlayers.
3. The double-layer liquid hydrogen spherical tank for the low-temperature environment of-253 ℃ according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the first lower through hole, the second lower through hole, the third lower through hole, the fourth lower through hole and the fifth lower through hole are all located on the left hemisphere of the outer container, and the first upper through hole, the second upper through hole, the third upper through hole and the sixth lower through hole are all located on the left hemisphere of the inner container.
4. The double-layer liquid hydrogen spherical tank for the low-temperature environment of-253 ℃ according to claim 3, wherein: the bottom of the outer container is provided with a first lower connecting through hole, a second lower connecting through hole, a third lower connecting through hole, a fourth lower connecting through hole and a fifth lower connecting through hole at intervals, which are communicated with the cavity of the outer container, the top of the inner container is provided with an upper connecting through hole, which is communicated with the cavity of the inner container, the middle section of the inner container is provided with a first middle through hole and a second middle through hole at intervals from top to bottom, and the bottom of the inner container is provided with a lower connecting through hole, which is communicated with the cavity of the inner container;
the first lower connecting through hole, the second lower connecting through hole, the third lower connecting through hole, the fourth lower connecting through hole and the fifth lower connecting through hole are positioned on the right hemisphere of the outer container, and the upper connecting through hole, the first middle through hole, the second middle through hole and the lower connecting through hole are positioned on the right hemisphere of the inner container;
the bottom opening of the upper liquid level pipe is positioned outside the outer container, the top opening of the upper liquid level pipe penetrates through the first lower connecting through hole in a sealing manner and then is led to the top of the inner container along the vacuum interlayer, and the top opening of the upper liquid level pipe penetrates through the upper connecting through hole in a sealing manner and then extends into the top of the cavity of the inner container; the bottom opening of the first middle liquid level pipe is positioned outside the outer container, the top opening of the first middle liquid level pipe penetrates through the second lower connecting through hole in a sealing mode, then is guided to the middle section of the inner container along the vacuum interlayer, penetrates through the first middle through hole in a sealing mode and then extends into the cavity of the inner container; the bottom opening of the second middle liquid level pipe is positioned outside the outer container, the top opening of the second middle liquid level pipe penetrates through the third lower connecting through hole in a sealing manner, then is guided to the middle section of the inner container along the vacuum interlayer, penetrates through the second middle through hole in a sealing manner and then extends into the cavity of the inner container; the lower connecting through hole is respectively communicated with the fluid analysis tube and the lower liquid level tube, and the fluid analysis tube hermetically penetrates through the fourth lower connecting through hole, extends out of the outer container and is connected with a measuring instrument; the lower liquid level pipe penetrates through the fifth lower connecting through hole in a sealing mode and then extends out of the outer container.
5. The double-layer liquid hydrogen spherical tank for the low-temperature environment of-253 ℃ according to claim 4, wherein: the upper liquid level pipe, the first middle liquid level pipe, the second middle liquid level pipe, the fluid analysis pipe and the lower liquid level pipe which are positioned outside the outer container are all double-pipe structures with vacuum interlayers.
6. The double-layer liquid hydrogen spherical tank for the low-temperature environment of-253 ℃ according to claim 5, wherein: the fluid analysis tube, the lower liquid level tube and the circulating hydrogen inlet tube which are positioned in the vacuum interlayer are all in spiral structures which are roundly and reciprocally arranged from one end to the other end.
7. The double-layer liquid hydrogen spherical tank for the low-temperature environment of-253 ℃ according to claim 1, wherein: the lower end of a measuring column with a liquid level meter sequentially penetrates through a connecting part at a connecting port at the top of the outer container, a connecting port at the top of the inner container, a connecting port at the bottom of the inner container and a connecting part at a connecting port at the bottom of the outer container in a sealing manner and then extends out of the bottom of the outer container, and the axis of the measuring column is overlapped with the vertical central line of the inner container; a plurality of temperature sensors are arranged on the measuring column in the cavity of the inner container.
8. The double-layer liquid hydrogen spherical tank for the low-temperature environment of-253 ℃ according to claim 7, wherein: the inner wall of the inner container at the connecting port at the bottom of the inner container is fixedly provided with a circular truncated cone-shaped supporting seat, the diameter of the upper end of the circular truncated cone-shaped supporting seat is smaller than that of the lower end of the circular truncated cone-shaped supporting seat, and the measuring column is hermetically inserted in a central through hole of the circular truncated cone-shaped supporting seat in a penetrating manner.
9. The double-layer liquid hydrogen spherical tank for the low-temperature environment of-253 ℃ according to claim 7 or 8, wherein: the concrete structure of the connecting part at the connecting port at the bottom of the outer container is as follows: the connecting pipe of double-barrelled structure embolias from measuring the toe portion, the connecting pipe bottom is connected the fixed part through down and is sealed fixed in on the outer wall of measuring toe portion, and form the cavity intermediate layer between connecting pipe inner wall and the measuring column outer wall, the cover is equipped with the bellows on the connecting pipe, the bellows top is connected the fixed part through last and is sealed fixed in on the connecting pipe outer wall, bellows bottom is through outer container connecting portion sealed fixed connection on outer container bottom connector, and leave the clearance between bellows inner wall and the connecting pipe outer wall.
10. The double-layer liquid hydrogen spherical tank for the low-temperature environment of-253 ℃ according to claim 7 or 8, wherein: the measuring column is a double-tube structure consisting of an inner tube and an outer tube.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011355923.0A CN112344203A (en) | 2020-11-27 | 2020-11-27 | Double-layer liquid hydrogen spherical tank for-253-DEG C low-temperature environment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011355923.0A CN112344203A (en) | 2020-11-27 | 2020-11-27 | Double-layer liquid hydrogen spherical tank for-253-DEG C low-temperature environment |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112344203A true CN112344203A (en) | 2021-02-09 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011355923.0A Pending CN112344203A (en) | 2020-11-27 | 2020-11-27 | Double-layer liquid hydrogen spherical tank for-253-DEG C low-temperature environment |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN112344203A (en) |
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2020
- 2020-11-27 CN CN202011355923.0A patent/CN112344203A/en active Pending
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