CN112343632A

CN112343632A - Multistage variable frequency plug-in type energy-absorbing roadway supporting device

Info

Publication number: CN112343632A
Application number: CN202011163149.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 康宇; 刘传海; 王维维; 张强
Original assignee: Heilongjiang University of Science and Technology
Current assignee: Heilongjiang University of Science and Technology
Priority date: 2020-10-27
Filing date: 2020-10-27
Publication date: 2021-02-09
Anticipated expiration: 2040-10-27
Also published as: CN112343632B

Abstract

A multi-stage variable-frequency plug-in type energy-absorbing roadway supporting device relates to a roadway supporting device. The invention solves the problems that the existing roadway supporting system cannot resist earthquake and is easy to lose efficacy when large surrounding rocks fall down. The invention comprises a supporting component and a shock isolation device, wherein the supporting component is arranged in a roadway, the shock isolation device is an arched shock isolation device, and the shock isolation device is arranged between surrounding rocks and the supporting component; the shock insulation device comprises two sliding support columns (1) and a plurality of sliding energy absorption assemblies (A), the two sliding support columns (1) are vertically installed on two sides of a roadway along the length direction of the roadway, and the sliding energy absorption assemblies (A) are connected with the upper ends of the two sliding support columns (1) in an inserting mode after being connected with each other in an inserting mode. The invention adopts double supports to protect the supporting safety of the laneway, not only can absorb shock waves in the coal mining process, but also can reduce or reduce the harm caused by earthquakes and provide valuable escape time for underground workers. The invention is used for roadway surrounding rock support.

Description

Multistage variable frequency plug-in type energy-absorbing roadway supporting device

Technical Field

The invention relates to a roadway supporting device, in particular to a multistage variable-frequency plug-in type energy-absorbing roadway supporting device.

Background

Coal mines in China are mainly underground mining, a large number of roadways need to be excavated underground, and roadway support is adopted to keep the roadways smooth and surrounding rocks stable, so that the method has important significance for coal mine construction and production. The basic purpose of supporting the roadway is to alleviate and reduce the movement of surrounding rocks, so that the section of the roadway is not excessively reduced, and meanwhile, the scattered and damaged surrounding rocks are prevented from falling. The roadway supporting effect is not only dependent on the supporting force of the support, but also influenced by a series of factors such as the properties of surrounding rocks, the mechanical properties (supporting force and flexibility) of the support, the installation density of the support, the time of installing the support, the installation quality of the support and the contact mode (point contact or surface contact) with the surrounding rocks.

Generally, in order to make the roadway support play a positive role in regulating and controlling the deformation process of the surrounding rock, the support is installed before the surrounding rock loosens and is damaged, so that the support and the surrounding rock play a bearing role under the condition that the surrounding rock still keeps self-bearing force, but the support is used for bearing the weight of the caving rock block under the condition that the surrounding rock loosens and is damaged and the self-bearing force is almost completely lost. That is, the support and the surrounding rock should be made to carry together under mutually constrained and interdependent conditions.

At present, in the roadway support process, the design of a support system is mainly based on static analysis, the small vibration shock wave generated by coal in the mining process is not considered, the bearing capacity of most roadway support systems can meet the support requirement, however, after surrounding rocks experience the small vibration shock (generated in the mining process) for a long time and the action of gravity, part of broken rocks are prone to falling, the conventional single-layer support falls after the large surrounding rocks fall, the support system is directly stressed, and further potential safety hazards are brought, in addition, the earthquake can also occur in the coal mining region due to excessive mining, and once the existing roadway support collapses, more escape time cannot be won for miners.

In conclusion, the existing roadway support system has the problems that the system cannot resist earthquake and is easy to lose efficacy when large surrounding rocks fall down.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems that the existing roadway supporting system cannot resist earthquake and is easy to lose efficacy when large surrounding rocks fall off. And then provides a multistage frequency conversion plug-in type energy-absorbing roadway support device.

The technical scheme is that the multistage variable frequency plug-in type energy absorption roadway supporting device comprises a supporting component and a shock insulation device, wherein the supporting component is installed in a roadway, the shock insulation device is an arched shock insulation device, and the shock insulation device is installed between surrounding rocks and the supporting component; the shock insulation device comprises two sliding support columns and a plurality of sliding energy absorption assemblies, the two sliding support columns are vertically arranged on two sides of the roadway along the length direction of the roadway, and the plurality of sliding energy absorption assemblies are inserted into the upper ends of the two sliding support columns after being mutually inserted; every slip energy-absorbing subassembly all includes the bolster board, variable camber arc slide, inlayer bearing plate, a plurality of supplementary sliders, a plurality of dish springs, a plurality of coil spring, the slide, a plurality of ball, spout and lower bolster board, it sets up from top to bottom to go up the bolster board and lower bolster board, and the both ends of going up the bolster board and lower bolster board are connected through a plurality of dish springs, variable camber arc slide installs on the lower terminal surface of last bolster board, spout slidable mounting is on the up end of lower bolster board, the slide passes through a plurality of ball slidable mounting in the spout, inlayer bearing plate slidable mounting is on the lower terminal surface of variable camber arc slide, the upper end slidable mounting of every supplementary slider is on the inlayer bearing plate, the lower extreme of every supplementary slider is connected with a dish spring, the dish spring stretches into in the recess on the slide.

Furthermore, the upper part of the sliding support column is in sliding fit with the sliding energy-absorbing assembly through balls, and a limiting block is arranged on the upper part of the outer side wall of the sliding support column.

Furthermore, the sliding surfaces between the variable-curvature arc sliding plate and the inner-layer bearing plate, between the inner-layer bearing plate and the auxiliary sliding blocks and between the sliding chute and the lower bearing plate are variable-curvature spherical surfaces.

Furthermore, the friction coefficient of the sliding surface between the variable-curvature arc sliding plate and the inner-layer bearing plate, the sliding surface between the inner-layer bearing plate and the plurality of auxiliary sliding blocks and the sliding surface between the sliding chute and the lower bearing plate is 0.05-0.5.

Furthermore, limit baffles are arranged around the lower bearing plate.

Furthermore, the end parts of the variable-curvature arc-shaped sliding plate, the sliding groove and the inner layer bearing plate are all provided with clamping plates.

Furthermore, each sliding energy absorption assembly further comprises a plurality of clamping grooves or slideways, and the plurality of clamping grooves or slideways are arranged at two ends of the outer side wall of the upper deck plate or the lower deck plate.

Further, strut the subassembly and include stress strut and fan-shaped stress frame, the stress strut is vertical to be installed in the inboard of two slip pillars, and the lower extreme of fan-shaped stress frame is taken and is established in the upper end of stress strut, and the lower extreme of fan-shaped stress frame and arch shock isolation device's both ends tip sliding connection, the upper end of fan-shaped stress frame and arch shock isolation device's lower terminal surface contact.

Furthermore, the fan-shaped stress frame comprises a bottom plate, a top support and vertical support columns, the top support is installed on the bottom plate, a weight reducing cavity is formed between the top support and the bottom plate, and the vertical support columns are vertically installed on the upper end face of the bottom plate in the weight reducing cavity.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following improvement effects:

1. the invention adopts double supports to protect the supporting safety of the roadway, the shock isolation device can not only realize the absorption of shock waves in the coal mining process, but also reduce or reduce the harm caused by earthquake (due to the situations of mining transition and the like, the earthquake problem is one of important factors to be considered in the future mining process), protect the production safety of workers under the support cooperation of the supporting component, and provide precious escape time for the underground workers.

The absorption principle of shock waves in the coal mining process is as follows: because the different mining positions and the different vibration wavelengths and amplitudes generated by mining are different, the shock waves are consumed by three layers of sliding (referring to the sliding surfaces of three variable-curvature spherical surfaces) and two groups of damping (referring to the springs and the disc springs), the absorbed shock waves are not reacted on the surrounding rocks, the surrounding rocks are prevented from being subjected to reverse shock waves after being subjected to shock vibration, the firmness of the surrounding rocks is improved, and the problem that the large surrounding rocks fall down due to the failure of a supporting system is avoided. In addition, due to surrounding rock settlement, the sliding energy absorption assembly A can support the surrounding rock and can bear the large-scale surrounding rock settlement in an inserting connection mode.

When an earthquake occurs in the coal mining process, the shock isolation device plays the following roles: on one hand, the method can support a part of the weight of the surrounding rock, and on the other hand, the method can adjust the self-vibration period of the surrounding rock generated by the shock wave, so that the fundamental frequency of the surrounding rock is always out of the high-energy seismic frequency range, and the seismic response can be minimized. The invention can not only not lose the bearing capacity of the surrounding rock when supporting the surrounding rock, but also can bear larger multi-angle displacement between the surrounding rock and the supporting component.

2. The invention adopts a plug-in connection mode, is convenient to disassemble and assemble, can be repeatedly utilized and does not waste resources.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a seismic isolation device; FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the sliding engagement of the base plate 5-1 with the sliding support 1; fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the insertion of card slot a-12 and slide a-13.

Detailed Description

The first embodiment is as follows: the embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1 to 4, and the multi-stage variable frequency plug-in type energy-absorbing roadway support device comprises a support assembly and a shock insulation device, wherein the support assembly is installed in a roadway, the shock insulation device is an arched shock insulation device, and the shock insulation device is installed between surrounding rocks and the support assembly; the shock insulation device comprises two sliding support columns 1 and a plurality of sliding energy absorption assemblies A, wherein the two sliding support columns 1 are vertically arranged on two sides of a roadway along the length direction of the roadway, and the plurality of sliding energy absorption assemblies A are inserted with the upper ends of the two sliding support columns 1 after being mutually inserted; each sliding energy-absorbing assembly A comprises an upper bearing plate A-1, a variable curvature arc-shaped sliding plate A-2, an inner-layer bearing plate A-3, a plurality of auxiliary sliding blocks A-4, a plurality of disc springs A-5, a plurality of spiral springs A-6, a sliding seat A-7, a plurality of balls A-8, a sliding groove A-9 and a lower bearing plate A-10, wherein the upper bearing plate A-1 and the lower bearing plate A-10 are arranged up and down, two ends of the upper bearing plate A-1 and two ends of the lower bearing plate A-10 are connected through the plurality of disc springs A-5, the variable curvature arc-shaped sliding plate A-2 is arranged on the lower end face of the upper bearing plate A-1, the sliding groove A-9 is arranged on the upper end face of the lower bearing plate A-10 in a sliding mode, the sliding seat A-7 is arranged in the sliding groove A-9 through the plurality of balls A-8 in a, the inner-layer bearing plate A-3 is slidably mounted on the lower end face of the variable-curvature arc-shaped sliding plate A-2, the upper end of each auxiliary sliding block A-4 is slidably mounted on the inner-layer bearing plate A-3, the lower end of each auxiliary sliding block A-4 is connected with a disc spring A-5, and the disc spring A-5 extends into a groove in the sliding seat A-7.

The shock insulation principle adopted by the shock insulation device is pendulum shock insulation. Specifically, the disc spring leaf is connected with the spiral spring in parallel, and the disc spring leaf solves the problem of vertical vibration isolation; the spiral spring not only provides horizontal restoring force, but also further solves the problems of increasing vibration isolation damping and adjusting vibration frequency, and realizes the conditions of small earthquake, fortification earthquake and large earthquake by realizing sliding variable frequency friction between variable curvature spherical surfaces. This effect is also applicable to mining sites with large shock waves.

The second embodiment is as follows: referring to fig. 1, the embodiment will be described, in which the sliding strut 1 of the embodiment is slidably engaged with the sliding energy absorber assembly a by using balls, and a stopper 2 is provided on an upper portion of an outer side wall of the sliding strut 1. So set up, the cooperation is nimble between the upper portion of sliding pillar 1 and the sliding energy-absorbing subassembly A, can provide gliding possibility when meetting the country rock and subside. Other components and connections are the same as in the first embodiment.

The third concrete implementation mode: referring to fig. 2, the sliding surface between the variable curvature arc sliding plate a-2 and the inner bearing plate a-3, the sliding surface between the inner bearing plate a-3 and the plurality of auxiliary sliding blocks a-4, and the sliding surface between the chute a-9 and the lower bearing plate a-10 are all variable curvature spherical surfaces. So set up, change horizontal vibration frequency through the variable camber slip plane, change the vertical vibration frequency of vibration isolation structure through the dish spring leaf, through coil spring increase damping, can consume energy, can reach again and avoid resonating, reduce the effect of shock insulation layer displacement. Other compositions and connections are the same as in the first or second embodiments.

The fourth concrete implementation mode: referring to fig. 2, the sliding surface between the variable curvature arc sliding plate a-2 and the inner bearing plate a-3, the sliding surface between the inner bearing plate a-3 and the plurality of auxiliary sliding blocks a-4, and the sliding surface between the chute a-9 and the lower bearing plate a-10 of the present embodiment have a coefficient of friction of 0.05 to 0.5. So set up, coefficient of friction can realize through setting up different coatings, and preferred coefficient of friction variation range is 0.1 ~ 0.2, controls and adjusts the vibration cycle that shock wave brought through coefficient of friction's change, carries out the regulation of shock wave frequency. Other compositions and connection relationships are the same as in the first, second or third embodiment.

The fifth concrete implementation mode: referring to fig. 2, the embodiment is described, wherein a limit baffle plate a-11 is arranged around a lower platform plate a-10. So arranged, the sliding chute A-9 is prevented from sliding out. Other compositions and connection relationships are the same as those in the first, second, third or fourth embodiment.

The sixth specific implementation mode: referring to fig. 2, the variable curvature arc sliding plate a-2, the chute a-9 and the inner bearing plate a-3 of the present embodiment are provided with clamping plates 3 at their ends. So set up, guarantee the safe in utilization between each part of shock insulation device, prevent that the shock insulation is inefficacy. Other compositions and connection relationships are the same as in the first, second, third, fourth or fifth embodiment.

The seventh embodiment: referring to FIG. 2, each energy-absorbing sliding component A of the present embodiment further comprises a plurality of slots A-12 or runners A-13, and the plurality of slots A-12 or runners A-13 are mounted at two ends of the outer sidewall of the upper deck plate A-1 or the lower deck plate A-10. So set up, the dismouting of being convenient for, reuse. Other compositions and connection relationships are the same as in the first, second, third, fourth, fifth or sixth embodiment.

The specific implementation mode is eight: the embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1, the supporting assembly of the embodiment includes stressed pillars 4 and a fan-shaped stressed frame 5, the stressed pillars 4 are vertically installed inside two sliding pillars 1, the lower end of the fan-shaped stressed frame 5 is overlapped on the upper end of the stressed pillars 4, the lower end of the fan-shaped stressed frame 5 is connected with the end parts of two ends of an arch-shaped shock isolation device in a sliding manner, and the upper end of the fan-shaped stressed frame 5 is in contact with the lower end surface of the arch-shaped shock isolation device. The device provides necessary support for the vibration isolation device, surrounding rock falling and strong shock. Other compositions and connection relationships are the same as in the first, second, third, fourth, fifth or sixth embodiment.

The specific implementation method nine: the embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1, the fan-shaped stress frame 5 of the embodiment comprises a bottom plate 5-1, a top support 5-2 and vertical support columns 5-3, the top support 5-2 is installed on the bottom plate 5-1, a weight-reducing cavity 5-4 is formed between the top support 5-2 and the bottom plate 5-1, and the vertical support columns 5-3 are vertically installed on the upper end face of the bottom plate 5-1 in the weight-reducing cavity 5-4. With the arrangement, the bottom plate 5-1 is not only convenient for connection of the stressed strut 4, but also can be connected with the sliding energy absorption assembly A to enable the stressed strut and the sliding energy absorption assembly A to be tightly matched, the top support 5-2 is fan-shaped and provides 180-degree support for the shock isolation device, and the vertical support column 5-3 can bear the pressure of surrounding rocks in the vertical direction. Other compositions and connection relationships are the same as in the first, second, third, fourth, fifth or sixth embodiment.

The detailed implementation mode is ten: referring to fig. 1, the bottom plate 5-1 and the lower deck plate a-10 of the present embodiment are connected by a spring, and the sliding engagement surfaces thereof are formed by balls. The arrangement is convenient for the lower bearing plate A-10 to move downwards when being stressed. Other compositions and connection relationships are the same as in the first, second, third, fourth, fifth or sixth embodiment.

When the device is installed and used, the device is required to be installed at a position with larger mining shock wave according to the actual situation of surrounding rocks, the width of each multistage variable frequency plug-in type energy absorption roadway supporting device is 1.4-2 meters, and the distance between every two adjacent multistage variable frequency plug-in type energy absorption roadway supporting devices is 0.5-1 meter.

The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a multistage frequency conversion plug-in type energy-absorbing tunnel strutting arrangement, it is including strutting the subassembly, its characterized in that: the support assembly is arranged in the roadway, the shock isolation device is an arched shock isolation device, and the shock isolation device is arranged between the surrounding rock and the support assembly;

the shock insulation device comprises two sliding support columns (1) and a plurality of sliding energy absorption assemblies (A), the two sliding support columns (1) are vertically arranged on two sides of a roadway along the length direction of the roadway, and the plurality of sliding energy absorption assemblies (A) are inserted with the upper ends of the two sliding support columns (1) after being mutually inserted;

each sliding energy-absorbing assembly (A) comprises an upper bearing plate (A-1), a variable curvature arc sliding plate (A-2), an inner layer bearing plate (A-3), a plurality of auxiliary sliding blocks (A-4), a plurality of disc springs (A-5), a plurality of spiral springs (A-6), a sliding seat (A-7), a plurality of balls (A-8), a sliding chute (A-9) and a lower bearing plate (A-10), wherein the upper bearing plate (A-1) and the lower bearing plate (A-10) are arranged up and down, two ends of the upper bearing plate (A-1) and two ends of the lower bearing plate (A-10) are connected through the plurality of disc springs (A-5), the variable curvature arc sliding plate (A-2) is installed on the lower end face of the upper bearing plate (A-1), the sliding chute (A-9) is installed on the upper end face of the lower bearing plate (A-10) in a sliding mode, the sliding seat (A-7) is slidably mounted in the sliding groove (A-9) through a plurality of balls (A-8), the inner-layer bearing plate (A-3) is slidably mounted on the lower end face of the variable-curvature arc sliding plate (A-2), the upper end of each auxiliary sliding block (A-4) is slidably mounted on the inner-layer bearing plate (A-3), the lower end of each auxiliary sliding block (A-4) is connected with a disc spring (A-5), and the disc spring (A-5) extends into a groove in the sliding seat (A-7).

2. The multi-stage variable-frequency plug-in type energy-absorbing roadway supporting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper part of the sliding support column (1) is in sliding fit with the sliding energy-absorbing assembly (A) through balls, and the upper part of the outer side wall of the sliding support column (1) is provided with a limiting block (2).

3. The multi-stage variable-frequency plug-in type energy-absorbing roadway supporting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the sliding surfaces between the variable-curvature arc-shaped sliding plate (A-2) and the inner-layer bearing plate (A-3), between the inner-layer bearing plate (A-3) and the auxiliary sliding blocks (A-4) and between the sliding chute (A-9) and the lower bearing plate (A-10) are all variable-curvature spherical surfaces.

4. The multi-stage variable-frequency plug-in type energy-absorbing roadway supporting device according to claim 3, characterized in that: the friction coefficient of the sliding surface between the variable curvature arc-shaped sliding plate (A-2) and the inner layer bearing plate (A-3), the sliding surface between the inner layer bearing plate (A-3) and the plurality of auxiliary sliding blocks (A-4) and the sliding surface between the sliding chute (A-9) and the lower bearing plate (A-10) is 0.05-0.5.

5. The multi-stage variable-frequency plug-in type energy-absorbing roadway supporting device according to claim 4, characterized in that: the periphery of the lower bearing plate (A-10) is provided with a limit baffle (A-11).

6. The multi-stage variable-frequency plug-in type energy-absorbing roadway supporting device according to claim 5, characterized in that: the end parts of the variable-curvature arc-shaped sliding plate (A-2), the sliding chute (A-9) and the inner-layer bearing plate (A-3) are all provided with clamping plates (3).

7. The multi-stage variable-frequency plug-in type energy-absorbing roadway supporting device according to claim 6, characterized in that: each sliding energy absorption assembly (A) further comprises a plurality of clamping grooves (A-12) or slideways (A-13), and the plurality of clamping grooves (A-12) or slideways (A-13) are arranged at two ends of the outer side wall of the upper bearing plate (A-1) or the lower bearing plate (A-10).

8. The multi-stage variable-frequency plug-in type energy-absorbing roadway supporting device according to claim 7, characterized in that: the supporting assembly comprises stress supporting columns (4) and a fan-shaped stress frame (5), the stress supporting columns (4) are vertically installed on the inner sides of the two sliding supporting columns (1), the lower ends of the fan-shaped stress frame (5) are arranged at the upper ends of the stress supporting columns (4), the lower ends of the fan-shaped stress frame (5) are connected with the end portions of the two ends of the arch-shaped shock isolation device in a sliding mode, and the upper ends of the fan-shaped stress frame (5) are in contact with the lower end face of the arch-shaped shock isolation device.

9. The multi-stage variable-frequency plug-in type energy-absorbing roadway supporting device according to claim 8, characterized in that: the fan-shaped stress frame (5) comprises a bottom plate (5-1), a top support (5-2) and vertical supporting columns (5-3), the top support (5-2) is installed on the bottom plate (5-1), a weight reducing cavity (5-4) is formed between the top support (5-2) and the bottom plate (5-1), and the vertical supporting columns (5-3) are vertically installed on the upper end face of the bottom plate (5-1) in the weight reducing cavity (5-4).