CN112342790A - Construction method of emulsion-separated super-hydrophobic fabric surface - Google Patents
Construction method of emulsion-separated super-hydrophobic fabric surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN112342790A CN112342790A CN202011450607.1A CN202011450607A CN112342790A CN 112342790 A CN112342790 A CN 112342790A CN 202011450607 A CN202011450607 A CN 202011450607A CN 112342790 A CN112342790 A CN 112342790A
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/55—Epoxy resins
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/73—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with carbon or compounds thereof
- D06M11/74—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with carbon or compounds thereof with carbon or graphite; with carbides; with graphitic acids or their salts
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/02—Natural fibres, other than mineral fibres
- D06M2101/04—Vegetal fibres
- D06M2101/06—Vegetal fibres cellulosic
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2200/00—Functionality of the treatment composition and/or properties imparted to the textile material
- D06M2200/10—Repellency against liquids
- D06M2200/12—Hydrophobic properties
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a construction method of a super-hydrophobic fabric surface for efficient emulsion separation, which comprises the following steps: (1) cutting an original cotton fabric, then sequentially placing the cut cotton fabric in deionized water, absolute ethyl alcohol and acetone solution for ultrasonic cleaning and drying; (2) weighing epoxy resin, dissolving the epoxy resin in an ethyl acetate solution, weighing carbon nanotubes, dispersing the carbon nanotubes in the ethyl acetate solution, performing ultrasonic treatment in an ultrasonic cleaning machine, and adding polyamide resin; (3) soaking the cleaned cotton fabric in the prepared carbon nano tube solution, and performing cyclic ultrasonic soaking and drying to obtain the surface of the super-hydrophobic fabric. The method adopts an impregnation method to prepare the surface of the carbon nano tube and epoxy resin to modify the surface of the super-hydrophobic fabric, and has the advantages of simple and easy operation process, controllable reaction conditions, wide raw material sources, low cost, lasting and stable super-hydrophobic self-cleaning performance and good emulsion separation function.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of a super-hydrophobic fabric, in particular to a construction method for constructing a super-hydrophobic carbon nanotube layer with emulsion separation on the surface of a fiber fabric.
Background
With the progress of human civilization, the discharge amount of oily wastewater and surfactant-stabilized water-in-oil emulsion in human daily life and industrial production has increased year by year. On one hand, the oily wastewater can cause corrosion, scaling and blockage of a transportation pipeline, so that the operation of a machine is influenced, and potential safety hazards exist. On the other hand, the discharge of oily wastewater causes environmental pollution and destruction of an ecosystem. Compared with the traditional separation method, the special wettability material for oil-water separation has the advantages that the separation efficiency and the durability of the material are greatly improved. At the same time, unfortunately, the separation of the emulsion system still has great limitation, and the problems of mechanical performance, complex working conditions and the like are still not solved. The patent CN 109930386A discloses a preparation method of a pressure-resistant washable super-hydrophobic fabric, which is characterized in that methacrylic resin and hydrophobic nano particles are dispersed in a dispersing agent to prepare a composite emulsion with the concentration of 5-100 mg/mL, the composite emulsion is coated on the surface of a fabric fiber through a dip-coating method, and then the composite emulsion is heated and cured for 2-10 minutes to obtain the pressure-resistant washable super-hydrophobic fabric. The patent mainly prepares the super-hydrophobic fabric by a dip coating method, wherein the preparation time of methacrylic resin in dip coating liquid is at least 1 h, and the prepared super-hydrophobic fabric only tests physical resistance and has no practical application scene. The preparation time of the sample is short, the physical and chemical resistance test is carried out on the super-hydrophobic fabric, the super-hydrophobicity can be still kept under the extreme condition, and the emulsion separation performance is kept. Emulsion separation is one of the environmental problems existing at present, and the patent provides a scheme aiming at the emulsion separation and has practical application and significance.
The invention provides an experimental thought aiming at the problem of emulsion separation and establishes an experimental scheme. Mainly solves the problems of separation efficiency, mechanical property and preparation process of emulsion separation. The method mainly deposits the carbon nano tubes on the surface of the fabric, and utilizes the high-strength adhesiveness of the epoxy resin as an intermediate, so that the carbon nano tubes are firmly present on the surface of the fabric, and a compact carbon nano tube network structure is constructed, thereby greatly increasing the emulsion separation efficiency. Meanwhile, due to the roughness structure formed on the surface of the fabric by the carbon nano tubes and the low surface energy of the epoxy resin, the modified fabric obtains super-hydrophobic performance. In addition, the blank sponge is placed between two pieces of fabric modified by the carbon nano tubes to form a three-layer sandwich structure of fabric-sponge-fabric, and the structure greatly increases the separation efficiency. After the modified fabric is soaked in 1M HCl, 1M NaOH and 1M NaCl solution for 24 hours and continuously subjected to ultrasonic treatment for 1 hour, the hydrophobic property of the fabric is still good, and the emulsion separation efficiency is up to 99%. The problems of low emulsion separation efficiency, poor mechanical property and the like are solved to a great extent. The method has the advantages of wide raw material source, simple preparation process, controllable process conditions and realization of large-scale preparation and application.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a construction method of a super-hydrophobic fabric surface for efficient emulsion separation, which is characterized in that a carbon nano tube network structure is prepared by adopting an impregnation method, the strong adhesion of epoxy resin is utilized, the bonding force of carbon nano tubes on the fabric surface is improved, meanwhile, the fabric is modified to have super-hydrophobic performance, and the problems of complex operation process, poor stability and low emulsion separation efficiency in the preparation of the super-hydrophobic surface are solved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a construction method of an emulsion-separated super-hydrophobic fabric surface comprises the following specific steps:
(1) cutting an original cotton fabric, then sequentially placing the cut cotton fabric in deionized water, absolute ethyl alcohol and acetone solution for ultrasonic cleaning, taking out the cotton fabric after cleaning, and placing the cotton fabric in an oven for drying;
(2) weighing epoxy resin, dissolving the epoxy resin in an ethyl acetate solution, weighing carbon nanotubes, dispersing the carbon nanotubes in the ethyl acetate solution, performing ultrasonic treatment in an ultrasonic cleaning machine for 1-60 min, and adding polyamide resin;
(3) soaking the cleaned cotton fabric in the solution prepared in the step (2), and performing circulating ultrasonic soaking and drying to obtain the surface of the super-hydrophobic fabric.
And (3) dissolving the epoxy resin in the step (2) in an ethyl acetate solution, wherein the concentration of the dissolved epoxy resin is 0.05-5 mg/mL.
Wherein, the dosage of the carbon nano tube in the step (2) relative to the ethyl acetate solution dissolved with the epoxy resin is 0.05-5 mg/mL.
Wherein, the concentration of the polyamide resin in the step (2) is 0.05-5 mg/mL relative to the ethyl acetate solution mixed with the epoxy resin and the carbon nano tubes.
Wherein, the soaking and drying temperature in the step (3) is 60-120 ℃.
Wherein, the number of times of the circulating ultrasonic soaking and drying in the step (3) is 1-10.
Wherein, the single time of the circulating ultrasonic soaking in the step (3) is 1-30 min.
Wherein, the drying time in the step (3) is 1-60 min.
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) the invention adopts an immersion method to obtain the surface of the super-hydrophobic fabric with the carbon nano tube network structure, the preparation process is simple, the operation is convenient, the super-hydrophobic performance of the prepared super-hydrophobic fabric is still maintained after the prepared super-hydrophobic fabric is soaked in an acid-base salt solution for 24 hours or is subjected to ultrasound treatment for 1 hour, and the preparation method has the advantages of chemical and physical stability and emulsion separation capability. As shown in fig. 4, 5 and 10, even when the fabric is soaked in the acid-base salt solution for 24 hours and the ultrasonic treatment is continued for 1 hour, the water contact angle is not changed greatly, the fabric is still kept in a super-hydrophobic state, the fabric is combined with the sponge after being soaked and subjected to the ultrasonic treatment, and then the emulsion separation is carried out, and as can be seen from fig. 10, the water content after the emulsion separation is below 100 ppm, and the separation efficiency is above 99%.
(2) The invention utilizes the prepared super-hydrophobic fabric and the blank sponge to form a sandwich structure, and can efficiently separate the emulsion.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an optical photograph, SEM image and contact angle of the surface of an emulsion-separated superhydrophobic fabric prepared by the present invention.
FIG. 2 is the element distribution and EDS energy spectrum of the surface of an emulsion-separated superhydrophobic fabric prepared in the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a self-cleaning picture of an emulsion separated superhydrophobic fabric and a virgin fabric prepared according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 shows the contact angle of an emulsion-separated superhydrophobic fabric prepared by the present invention after soaking in 1M HCl, 1M NaOH, 1M NaCl solution for 24 h.
FIG. 5 is the contact angle change of an emulsion-separated super-hydrophobic fabric prepared by the invention between 1 h of continuous ultrasound.
Fig. 6 is an optical photograph, SEM image and contact angle of the surface of the modified fabric prepared in example one.
Fig. 7 is an optical photograph, SEM image and contact angle of the surface of the modified fabric prepared in example two.
Fig. 8 is an optical photograph, SEM image and contact angle of the surface of the modified fabric prepared in example three.
FIG. 9 is an optical microscope photograph and optical picture of an emulsion-separated superhydrophobic fabric prepared according to the present invention before and after emulsion separation.
Fig. 10 shows the water content and separation efficiency before and after emulsion separation after soaking an emulsion-separated superhydrophobic fabric prepared according to the present invention in an acid-base salt solution for 24 hours.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
Example one
1) Cutting an original cotton fabric into a shape of 6 multiplied by 6 cm, then sequentially placing the original cotton fabric in deionized water, absolute ethyl alcohol and acetone solution for ultrasonic cleaning for 30 min, taking out the original cotton fabric after cleaning, and placing the original cotton fabric in a 60 ℃ drying oven for drying;
2) and (2) soaking the cotton fabric in the step (1) in an ethyl acetate solution, and performing 5 times of ultrasonic soaking for 5 min and drying at 80 ℃ for 10 min to obtain the modified fabric surface. The optical picture, the surface appearance and the contact angle of the modified fabric are shown in fig. 6, and the optical photograph shows that the fabric soaked by ethyl acetate ultrasound is not different from the original fabric, and the electron microscope picture also shows that no substance is added to the fabric, only the fiber of the fabric is wrinkled, and the fabric used in the invention is hydrophilic, so the water contact angle is 0 degrees.
Example two
1) Cutting an original cotton fabric into a shape of 6 multiplied by 6 cm, then sequentially placing the original cotton fabric in deionized water, absolute ethyl alcohol and acetone solution for ultrasonic cleaning for 30 min, taking out the original cotton fabric after cleaning, and placing the original cotton fabric in a 60 ℃ drying oven for drying;
2) weighing 1 mg/mL epoxy resin according to the material-liquid ratio, dissolving the epoxy resin in an ethyl acetate solution, and adding 1 mg/mL polyamide resin after performing ultrasonic treatment in an ultrasonic cleaning machine for 20 min;
3) and (3) soaking the cotton fabric in the step (1) in the solution in the step (2), and performing ultrasonic soaking for 5 times for 5 min and drying at 80 ℃ for 10 min for circulation to obtain the modified fabric surface. The optical picture, the surface appearance and the contact angle of the surface of the modified fabric are shown in fig. 7, the modified fabric is not greatly different from the original fabric in the step through an optical photo, but an electron microscope image can obviously show that the surface of the fabric is covered with a layer of film, because the epoxy resin is attached to the surface of the fabric to form the film, and meanwhile, because the epoxy resin has low surface energy, the prepared fabric has certain hydrophobicity but does not reach a super-hydrophobic state.
EXAMPLE III
1) Cutting an original cotton fabric into a shape of 6 multiplied by 6 cm, then sequentially placing the original cotton fabric in deionized water, absolute ethyl alcohol and acetone solution for ultrasonic cleaning for 30 min, taking out the original cotton fabric after cleaning, and placing the original cotton fabric in a 60 ℃ drying oven for drying;
2) weighing 1 mg/mL carbon nanotubes according to the material-liquid ratio, dispersing in ethyl acetate solution, and performing ultrasonic treatment in an ultrasonic cleaning machine for 20 min;
3) and (3) soaking the cotton fabric in the step (1) in the solution in the step (2), and performing ultrasonic soaking for 5 times for 5 min and drying at 80 ℃ for 10 min for circulation to obtain the modified fabric surface. The optical picture, the surface morphology and the contact angle of the surface of the modified fabric are shown in fig. 8, through an optical photo, the fabric modified by the step has obvious color difference with the original fabric, because a certain amount of carbon nanotubes are attached to the surface of the fabric, but because only simple physical adsorption exists, the amount of the carbon nanotubes attached to the surface of the fabric is small and uneven, and in addition, the fabric and the carbon nanotubes are hydrophilic, the water contact angle of the fabric prepared by the step is 0 °.
Example four
1) Cutting an original cotton fabric into a shape of 6 multiplied by 6 cm, then sequentially placing the original cotton fabric in deionized water, absolute ethyl alcohol and acetone solution for ultrasonic cleaning for 30 min, taking out the original cotton fabric after cleaning, and placing the original cotton fabric in a 60 ℃ drying oven for drying;
2) weighing 1 mg/mL epoxy resin according to the material-liquid ratio, dissolving the epoxy resin in an ethyl acetate solution, then weighing 1 mg/mL carbon nanotubes, dispersing the carbon nanotubes in the ethyl acetate solution, and adding 1 mg/mL polyamide resin after performing ultrasonic treatment in an ultrasonic cleaning machine for 20 min;
3) and (3) soaking the cotton fabric in the step (1) in the solution in the step (2), and performing ultrasonic soaking for 5 times for 5 min and drying at 80 ℃ for 10 min for circulation to obtain the modified fabric surface. The contact angle of the prepared super-hydrophobic fabric is 151.7 +/-0.9 degrees, the contact angle picture and the scanning electron microscope image are shown in figure 1, the fabric modified in the step 3) can reach a super-hydrophobic state, the carbon nano tubes can be seen to be agglomerated and attached to the surface of the fabric through the electron microscope image, and the attached carbon nano tubes can be seen to be uniform from the optical photograph; the element distribution and EDS energy spectrum of the modified fabric surface are shown in figure 2, wherein C and O elements exist mainly due to fabric cellulose macromolecules, and a small amount of C and O elements are contained in the added substances, and because polyamide resin is added, the difference element is N element, and the element can be detected through EDS analysis; for example, as shown in fig. 3, when a blank cotton fabric is contacted with water drops, the blank cotton fabric is quickly wetted by the water drops and part of coffee powder is dissolved, and when a super-hydrophobic fabric is contacted with the water drops, the water drops fall off and the coffee powder on the fabric is taken away, so that the blank cotton fabric has self-cleaning capability; the modified fabric and the porous sponge are combined, and the combination is used for emulsion separation, as shown in fig. 9, the difference can be obviously seen in optical microscope photos before and after the emulsion separation, the emulsion before the separation contains a large amount of emulsion droplets, the emulsion after the separation has almost no emulsion droplets, and the clarity before and after the separation can also be obviously seen in the optical photos.
Claims (8)
1. A method for preparing an emulsion-separated superhydrophobic fabric surface, comprising the steps of:
(1) cutting an original cotton fabric, then sequentially placing the cut cotton fabric in deionized water, absolute ethyl alcohol and acetone solution for ultrasonic cleaning, taking out the cotton fabric after cleaning, and placing the cotton fabric in an oven for drying;
(2) weighing epoxy resin, dissolving the epoxy resin in an ethyl acetate solution, weighing carbon nanotubes, dispersing the carbon nanotubes in the ethyl acetate solution, performing ultrasonic treatment in an ultrasonic cleaning machine for 1-60 min, and adding polyamide resin;
(3) soaking the cleaned cotton fabric in the solution prepared in the step (2), and performing circulating ultrasonic soaking and drying to obtain the surface of the super-hydrophobic fabric.
2. The method for preparing an emulsion-separated superhydrophobic fabric surface according to claim 1, wherein:
and (3) dissolving the epoxy resin in the ethyl acetate solution in the step (2), wherein the concentration of the dissolved epoxy resin is 0.05-5 mg/mL.
3. The method for preparing an emulsion-separated superhydrophobic fabric surface according to claim 1, wherein: the dosage of the carbon nano tube in the step (2) relative to the ethyl acetate solution dissolved with the epoxy resin is 0.05-5 mg/mL.
4. The method for preparing an emulsion-separated superhydrophobic fabric surface according to claim 1, wherein: the concentration of the polyamide resin in the step (2) relative to the ethyl acetate solution mixed with the epoxy resin and the carbon nano tubes is 0.05-5 mg/mL.
5. The method for preparing an emulsion-separated superhydrophobic fabric surface according to claim 1, wherein: and (3) soaking and drying at the temperature of 60-120 ℃.
6. The method for preparing an emulsion-separated superhydrophobic fabric surface according to claim 1, wherein: and (4) the number of times of circulating ultrasonic soaking and drying in the step (3) is 1-10.
7. The method for preparing an emulsion-separated superhydrophobic fabric surface according to claim 1, wherein: and (4) performing circulating ultrasonic soaking for 1-30 min once.
8. The method for preparing an emulsion-separated superhydrophobic fabric surface according to claim 1, wherein: and (4) drying for 1-60 min in the step (3).
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113265087A (en) * | 2021-04-19 | 2021-08-17 | 优尔材料工业（深圳）有限公司 | Hydrophobic oleophylic foamed plastic and preparation method and equipment thereof |
| CN115198516A (en) * | 2022-03-11 | 2022-10-18 | 天津仁爱学院 | Modified epoxy resin solution and super-hydrophobic fiber felt prepared by applying modified epoxy resin solution |
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Application publication date: 20210209 |